CN106958046B - A kind of short fibre of polyamide 5X and its preparation method and application - Google Patents
A kind of short fibre of polyamide 5X and its preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN106958046B CN106958046B CN201710105871.3A CN201710105871A CN106958046B CN 106958046 B CN106958046 B CN 106958046B CN 201710105871 A CN201710105871 A CN 201710105871A CN 106958046 B CN106958046 B CN 106958046B
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G69/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G69/02—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
- C08G69/26—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids derived from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D10/00—Physical treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture, i.e. during a continuous production process before the filaments have been collected
- D01D10/02—Heat treatment
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D4/00—Spinnerette packs; Cleaning thereof
- D01D4/02—Spinnerettes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
- D01D5/088—Cooling filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/12—Stretch-spinning methods
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of short fibre of polyamide 5X and preparation method thereof and preparing the application in sewing thread.The raw materials for production of the short fibre of polyamide 5X include at least: 1,5 pentanediamines and dicarboxylic acids；Or, with 1,5- pentanediamine and dicarboxylic acids are the polyamide 5X that monomer polymerization obtains；The breaking strength of the short fibre of polyamide 5X is 6.0-10.0cN/dtex.Preparation method includes the following steps: (1), polymerize 1,5 pentanediamine and dicarboxylic acids, forms polyamide 5X melt；Or, polyamide 5X resin is heated to molten condition, polyamide 5X melt is formed；(2), the polyamide 5X melt is subjected to spinning, forms spun filament；(3), the short fibre of polyamide 5X is obtained after handling the spun filament.Polyamide 5X is short fine with high-intensitive, low elongation and low thermal shrinkage performance, is particularly suitable for sewing thread requirement.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of polymer materials, it is related to a kind of short fibre of polyamide 5X and its preparation method and application
Background technique
Sewing thread is line needed for being knitted clothes product, and sewing thread can be divided into natural fiber sewing thread, synthesis by raw material
Fiber sewing thread and mixing sewing thread three categories.Recently as the development of high speed sewing, to guarantee in high speed sewing constantly
The requirement of line, the requirement to sewing thread intensity also increase accordingly, traditional cotton thread, silk thread natural fiber sewing thread be increasingly difficult to
To meet the requirement of Modern High-Speed sewing.
CN1028771182A discloses a kind of lilion sewing thread, although the sewing thread is rich in bulkiness, hand
Sense is soft, still, on the one hand, the sewing thread is pure polyamide filaments fiber, and moisture absorbing and sweat releasing, feel, comfort can not show a candle to
The natural yarns such as cotton wool, another aspect, the lilion sewing thread low strength, elongation are higher.
CN101988226A discloses a kind of synthetic fibers and the blended sewing thread being prepared of the short fibre of natural fiber, although
The advantages of the two can be comprehensively utilized, but its synthetic fibers short fine predominantly terylene, polypropylene fibre, the poor compatibility with cotton wool, two
It is easily peeled off after person is blended, influences the mechanical property of blend fibre and the apparent of its fabric and feel.
It is obtained after above-mentioned sewing thread, either synthetic fibers sewing thread or natural fiber and synthetic fibers are blended
Sewing thread, all haves the defects that certain, and in order to solve above-mentioned problem, using a kind of new material, preparation has higher-strength, low
The sewing thread of elongation and low thermal shrinkage performance becomes prior art urgent problem to be solved.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the defect that sewing thread mechanical property is bad in the prior art, it is short that the present invention provides a kind of polyamide 5X
Fine, preparation method and its sewing thread obtained.
The first purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of short fibre of polyamide 5X, polyamide 5X it is short it is fine have simultaneously it is high-strength
Degree, low elongation and low thermal shrinkage performance.
Second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of short fibre of polyamide 5X.
Third object of the present invention is that providing the short fibre of polyamide 5X as described above is preparing the application in sewing thread.
Fourth object of the present invention is to provide a kind of sewing thread, and the sewing thread includes polyamide 5X as described above
Short fibre.
In order to achieve the above objectives, solution of the invention is:
[the short fibre of polyamide 5X]
The raw materials for production of a kind of short fibre of polyamide 5X, the short fibre of polyamide 5X include at least: 1,5 pentanediamine and binary carboxylic
Acid, or, with 1,5- pentanediamine and dicarboxylic acids are the polyamide 5X that monomer polymerization obtains；
The breaking strength of the short fibre of polyamide 5X is 6.0-10.0cN/dtex.
Preferably, the breaking strength of the short fibre of the polyamide 5X is 7.5-8.5cN/dtex.
Preferably, the elongation at break of the short fibre of the polyamide 5X is 10%-20%.
Preferably, the dry-hot shrinkage of the short fibre of the polyamide 5X is 1.0%-7.0%, more preferably 3.0%-6.0%.
The 1,5- pentanediamine can be prepared by organism-based raw material by fermentation method or enzyme transforming process.
The carbon atom number of the dicarboxylic acids is 4-18；Preferably, the dicarboxylic acids include succinic acid, glutaric acid,
Adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, decanedioic acid, eleven carbon diacids, dodecanedicarboxylic acid, tridecanyldicarboxylic acid, ten
Four-carbon dicarboxylic acid, pentadecane binary acid, 16-dicarboxylic acid, seventeen carbon diacids, octadecane diacid, maleic acid and Δ 9-1,
One of 18 octadecylene binary acid are a variety of.
Preferably, the polyamide 5X is polyamide 56；It is former that the polyamide 56, which is with 1,5- pentanediamine and adipic acid,
Material polymerization obtains.
The raw materials for production of the short fibre of polyamide 5X can also include comonomer.
The comonomer may include: aliphatic dicarboxylic acid, ester ring type dicarboxylic acids, aromatic dicarboxylic acid, ethylenediamine, oneself
Diamines, cyclohexanediamine, benzene dimethylamine, 6-aminocaprolc acid, 11- amino undecanoic acid, 12 amino dodecanoic acid, to amino methyl
Any one or a few in benzoic acid, epsilon-caprolactams and omega-lauric lactam.
The raw materials for production of the short fibre of polyamide 5X can also include additive.
The additive may include: delustering agent, fire retardant, antioxidant, ultraviolet absorbing agent, infrared absorbent,
Any one or a few in crystallization nucleating agent, fluorescent whitening agent and antistatic agent.
The additive amount of the additive can account for the 0.001-10% of raw materials for production total weight.
Preferably, 96% relative sulfuric acid viscosity of the short fibre of the polyamide 5X is 2.7-3.7.
6.0-10.0 is preferred, and the crystallinity of the short fibre of polyamide 5X is 60-80%.
Preferably, the degree of orientation of the short fibre of the polyamide 5X is 80-90%.
Preferably, the length of the short fibre of the polyamide 5X is 5-150mm.
[preparation method of the short fibre of polyamide 5X]
The preparation method of the short fibre of polyamide 5X includes the following steps:
(1), 1,5 pentanediamine and dicarboxylic acids are polymerize, forms polyamide 5X melt；Or, by polyamide 5X (polyamide 5X
Resin) it is heated to molten condition, form polyamide 5X melt；
(2), the polyamide 5X melt is subjected to spinning, forms spun filament；
(3), the short fibre of polyamide 5X is obtained after handling the spun filament.
When the raw materials for production of the short fibre of the polyamide 5X further include comonomer, the comonomer is in step (1)
It is added.
When the raw materials for production of the short fibre of the polyamide 5X further include additive, the additive is added in step (1).
Wherein, in step (1), it is described polymerization the following steps are included:
(a) under condition of nitrogen gas, 1,5- pentanediamine, dicarboxylic acids and water are uniformly mixed, the salting liquid of polyamide is made；Its
In, the molar ratio of 1, the 5- pentanediamine and dicarboxylic acids is (1-1.05): 1；
(b) salting liquid of polyamide is heated, pressure rises to 0.3-2.0Mpa in reaction system, is vented, pressure maintaining, then be depressured
Pressure in reaction system is set to be down to 0-0.2MPa, the pressure is gauge pressure, is evacuated to vacuum degree -0.01~-0.08Mpa, institute
Stating pressure is gauge pressure, to obtain polyamide 5X melt.
When the raw materials for production of the short fibre of the polyamide 5X further include comonomer, the comonomer is in step (a)
It is added.
When the raw materials for production of the short fibre of the polyamide 5X further include additive, the additive is added in step (a).
Preferably, the temperature of reaction system is 232-265 DEG C at the end of the pressure maintaining.
Preferably, the temperature of reaction system is 245-280 DEG C after the decompression.
Preferably, it is described vacuumize after temperature be 260-280 DEG C.
In step (1), polyamide 5X resin is polyamide 5X resin slicer.
The relative viscosity of 56 resin slicer of polyamide can be 3.1-3.6.
Since polyamide 5X resin has stronger water imbibition, before carrying out heating melting to it, optionally
It is dried.
Preferred 100-150 DEG C of the temperature of the drying；And/or the drying time preferred 10-30h；And/or it is described dry
The preferred 50-1500ppm of moisture content of the polyamide 5X, is further preferably 200-800ppm after dry, more preferably 300-700ppm,
Further preferably 400-600ppm.
Alternatively, polyamide 5X is heated to melting when the raw materials for production of the short fibre of the polyamide 5X further include additive
State forms polyamide 5X melt, then mixes with the additive.
In step (2), the spinning includes the following steps: to spray the polyamide 5X melt by the spinneret orifice of spinneret
It is cooling after out, form the spun filament.
Wherein, the hole count of the spinneret can be 800-3500f, preferably 1000-3000f.
The spinneret orifice diameter can be 0.1-1.0mm.
The spinneret draft ratio of the spinneret can be 80-200, preferably 100-150.
It is described to be cooled to be cooled down by circular blow wind.Preferred 15-32 DEG C of the wind-warm syndrome of the circular blow wind；The circular blow wind
The preferred 0.2-0.8m/s of wind speed.
In step (3), the processing includes the following steps: to determine step (2) gained spun filament is stretched, anxiety is hot
It is cut off after type, curling, relaxation heat setting, obtains the short fibre of polyamide 5X.
The process of the stretching is that the spun filament after oiling is drawn creel by feeding roller to stretch.
It is described to be stretched as three-level stretching or level Four stretching or Pyatyi stretching or six grades of stretchings.
In the drawing process, preferred 2.5-6.5 times of total draw ratio；Wherein, the total draw ratio of level-one draw ratio Zhan
Ratio be 80-90%, the ratio of remaining total draw ratio of draw ratio summation Zhan at different levels is 10-20%.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, three-level stretching is carried out, wherein the ratio of the total draw ratio of level-one draw ratio Zhan
For 80-90%, the ratio for the total draw ratio of multiple summation Zhan that secondary drawing and three-level stretch is 10%-20%.
The temperature when stretching is 80-150 DEG C.
The process of curling is that the obtained primary silk after stretching enters crimping machine by steam heating box preheating.The curling
When temperature (coiling machine temperature) be 50-150 DEG C.
Temperature when the anxiety thermal finalization is 150-230 DEG C.
The temperature when relaxation heat setting is 60-150 DEG C.
Above-mentioned polyamide 5X resin can be obtained by the preparation method announced in Publication No. CN104031263A.
[application of the short fibre of polyamide 5X]
The short fibre of polyamide 5X can be used in preparing sewing thread.
[sewing thread]
A kind of sewing thread, the sewing thread include the short fibre of polyamide 5X as described above.
The sewing thread may also include that cellulosics (such as cotton thread), be modified other than including the short fibre of the polyamide 5X
Cellulosics, artificial silk, animal origin (wool), fire retardant polyester fiber, FR nylon fiber, FR artificial silk, FR processing
Cellulose, aromatic polyamides fiber, para-aramid fiber, modacrylic fibre, phenolic fibre, melamine are fine
Dimension, polyvinyl chloride fibre, antistatic fibre, PBO (Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-phthalic acid, two hydrochloric acid 4,6- diaminostilbene, the polymerization of 3 benzenediols
Object) fiber, one or more of PBI (polybenzimidazoles) fiber.
By adopting the above scheme, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The first, the raw materials for production of the short fibre of polyamide 5X of the invention can be made of bioanalysis, be green material, independent of
Petroleum resources and serious pollution is not caused to environment, and can reduce the discharge of carbon dioxide, reduces greenhouse effects.
The second, the short fibre of polyamide 5X of the invention has high-intensitive, low elongation and low thermal shrinkage performance, is particularly suitable for seam
It threads line requirement, and sewing thread properties obtained are excellent.
Third is more dissociated relative to polyamide 66 since it has using the short fibre of polyamide 5X produced by the present invention
Amido, it is more preferable with the binding performance of cotton wool, the surface property and mechanical property of blended rear sewing thread can be improved.
Specific embodiment
The present invention relates to a kind of short fine and its production method of polyamide 5X and applications.
<the short fibre of polyamide 5X>
The raw materials for production of a kind of short fibre of polyamide 5X, the short fibre of polyamide 5X include at least: 1,5 pentanediamine and binary carboxylic
Acid；Or, with 1,5- pentanediamine and dicarboxylic acids are the polyamide 5X that monomer polymerization obtains.
Wherein, X takes any integer in 4-18；Polyamide 5X may include: polyamide 54, polyamides polyamide 56, gather
Amide 510, polyamide 511, polyamide 512, polyamide 513, polyamide 514, polyamide 515, polyamide 516, polyamide
517, polyamide 518 etc..
Polyamide 5X is polyamide 56 in preferred embodiment of the present invention.
As the case may be, raw materials for production can also contain one or more of comonomer, additive.
[1,5- pentanediamine]
1,5- pentanediamine can be prepared by organism-based raw material by bioanalysis (fermentation method or enzyme transforming process).
Bioanalysis includes producing 1,5- penta through bioconversion method (such as fermentation method, enzyme transforming process) using organism-based raw material
Diamines；Or 1,5- pentanediamine is produced through bioconversion method using petroleum-based feedstock；Or using organism-based raw material through chemical method
Produce 1,5- pentanediamine.Pentanediamine includes the organic carbon for meeting the renewable source of ASTM D6866 standard as a result,.
Specifically, can by lysine or lysine salt under the action of lysine decarboxylase (such as EC 4.1.1.18),
After the carboxyl for sloughing both ends, that is, can produce 1,5- pentanediamine, such as " L-lysine decarboxylation enzymatic property and application study " (Jiang Lili,
Nanjing University, Master's thesis) in disclose the method that specific bioanalysis prepares pentanediamine；For another example " microorganism conversion L- relies ammonia
Specific bioanalysis preparation is also disclosed in the sour research for cadaverine " (Zhu Jing, University Of Science and Technology Of Tianjin, Master's thesis, 2009.3)
The method of pentanediamine.
[dicarboxylic acids]
The carbon atom number of dicarboxylic acids can be 4-18, and dicarboxylic acids preferably includes: succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, heptan
Diacid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, decanedioic acid, eleven carbon diacids, dodecanedicarboxylic acid, tridecanyldicarboxylic acid, 14 carbon binary
Acid, pentadecane binary acid, 16-dicarboxylic acid, seventeen carbon diacids, octadecane diacid, maleic acid and Δ 9-1,18 octadecylene
One of binary acid is a variety of.
Dicarboxylic acids is adipic acid in preferred embodiment of the present invention.
[comonomer]
Comonomer can be aliphatic dicarboxylic acid, ester ring type dicarboxylic acids, aromatic dicarboxylic acid, ethylenediamine, hexamethylene diamine, ring
Hexamethylene diamine, benzene dimethylamine, 6-aminocaprolc acid, 11- amino undecanoic acid, 12 amino dodecanoic acid, p-aminomethylbenzoic acid,
Any one or a few in epsilon-caprolactams and omega-lauric lactam.
[additive]
Additive can be delustering agent, fire retardant, antioxidant, ultraviolet absorbing agent, infrared absorbent, crystallization nucleation
Any one or a few in agent, fluorescent whitening agent or antistatic agent.
Under the premise of not influencing goal of the invention of the invention, the additive amount of additive can account for the life of the short fibre of polyamide 5X
Produce the 0.001-10% of raw material gross weight.
[property of the short fibre of polyamide 5X]
The property of the short fibre of above-mentioned polyamide 5X is as follows:
(1), relative viscosity:
Polyamide 5X is short, and fine relative viscosity is 2.7-3.7.
(2), breaking strength:
The breaking strength of the short fibre of polyamide 5X is 6.0-10.0cN/dtex, preferably 7.5-8.5cN/dtex.
(3), elongation at break:
The elongation at break of the short fibre of polyamide 5X is 10%-20%.
(4), dry-hot shrinkage:
The dry-hot shrinkage of the short fibre of polyamide 5X is 1.0%-7.0%, preferably 3.0%-6.0%.
(5), crystallinity:
The crystallinity of the short fibre of polyamide 5X is 60-80%.
(6), the degree of orientation:
The degree of orientation of the short fibre of polyamide 5X is 80-90%.
(7), fibre length
The length of polyamide 5X is 5-150mm.<preparation method of the short fibre of polyamide 5X>
A kind of preparation method of the short fibre of polyamide 5X comprising following steps:
(1), 1,5 pentanediamine and dicarboxylic acids are polymerize, forms polyamide 5X melt；Or, by polyamide 5X (polyamide 5X
Resin) it is heated to molten condition, form polyamide 5X melt；
(2), the polyamide 5X melt is subjected to spinning, forms spun filament；
(3), the short fibre of polyamide 5X is obtained after handling the spun filament.
Wherein, in step (1), polyamide 5X resin is polyamide 5X resin slicer.
The relative viscosity of polyamide 5X resin slicer can be 3.1-3.6.
Since polyamide 5X resin has stronger water imbibition, it can be dried before carrying out heating melting to it,
Drying temperature is 100-150 DEG C, drying time 10-30h, and the moisture content of the polyamide 5X is 50-1500ppm after drying,
Preferably 200-800ppm, more preferably 300-700ppm, further preferably 400-600ppm.
Spinning in step (2) includes the following steps: cold after spraying polyamide 5X melt by the spinneret orifice of spinneret
But the spun filament is formed.
Wherein, the number of the spinneret orifice in the spinneret is 800-3500f, preferably 1000-3000f.
The spinneret draft ratio of the spinneret is 80-200, preferably 100-150.
The cooling is cooled down by circular blow wind, and the wind-warm syndrome of the circular blow wind is 15-32 DEG C；The wind speed of the circular blow wind
For 0.2-0.8m/s.
Processing in step (3) includes the following steps: to stretch spun filament obtained by step (2), nervous thermal finalization, roll up
It is cut off after bent, relaxation heat setting, obtains the short fibre of polyamide 5X.
The process of stretching includes the following steps: spun filament by feeding roller and guides creel into and stretched, drawing process
In, total draw ratio is 2.5-6.5 times；Wherein, the ratio of the total draw ratio of level-one draw ratio Zhan is 80-90%, remaining is each
The ratio of the grade total draw ratio of draw ratio summation Zhan is 10-20%.
It selects to carry out three-level stretching altogether in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein the total draw ratio of level-one draw ratio Zhan
Ratio be 80-90%, the ratio for the total draw ratio of each Zhan of multiple that secondary drawing and three-level stretch is 10-20%.
The temperature when stretching is 80-150 DEG C.
The process of the curling is that the primary silk obtained after stretching enters crimping machine, and crimping machine temperature is 50-150 DEG C.
Temperature when the anxiety thermal finalization is 150-230 DEG C.
The temperature when relaxation heat setting is 60-150 DEG C.
Above-mentioned parameters can be in any combination and suitable for each embodiment.
<application of the short fibre of polyamide 5X>
The short fibre of polyamide 5X can be used for preparing sewing thread.
The detection method of performance parameter involved in the present invention is as follows:
1) relative viscosity:
Pass through Ubbelohde viscometer sulphate method: polyamide 5X slice after precise is dry or its short fine sample 0.25 ±
0.0002g is added the 50mL concentrated sulfuric acid (96%) dissolution, concentrated sulfuric acid flow time t0 is measured and recorded in 25 DEG C of constant temperature water baths
With polyamide sample solution flow time t.
Viscosity number calculation formula: relative viscosity=t/t0
T-solution flow time；
T0-solvent flow time.
2) breaking strength
It is measured according to GB/T 14337.
3) elongation at break
It is measured according to GB/T 14337.
4) dry-hot shrinkage
It provides to execute by FZ/T 50004, heat treatment temperature is 180 DEG C
5) crystallinity and the degree of orientation
Fiber sample is analyzed using the D/max-2550PC X-ray diffractometer of Japanese Rigaku Corporation production,
Cu target wavelengthVoltage is 20~40kV, and electric current is 10~450mA, the range of 2 θ of measurement angle is 5~
40°.The short fine sample of polyamide 56 for testing crystallization is sufficiently shredded, and sample quality is greater than 0.2g.For testing crystallite
The short fine sample tidy of the polyamide 56 of orientation, a branch of long 30mm are tested.It is carried out at data using softwares such as origin
Reason, the crystallinity and the degree of orientation of analytical calculation fiber.
Calculate the formula of crystallinity:
∑IcFor total diffraction integral intensity of crystalline portion；∑IaFor the scattering integral intensity of amorphous fraction
Calculate the formula of the degree of orientation:
HiFor the peak width at half height at the i-th peak.
The present invention is further illustrated with reference to embodiments.
Embodiment one:
Present embodiments provide a kind of preparation method of the short fibre of polyamide 56 comprising following steps:
(1), it chooses the polyamide 56 that relative viscosity is 3.1 to be sliced, be dried under nitrogen protection, drying temperature is
135 DEG C, drying time 20h, the slice of polyamide 56 after drying is entered in single-screw machine by closed nitrogen protection feed bin to carry out
Heating melting obtains 56 melt of polyamide；
(2), 56 melt of polyamide is sprayed by the spinneret that hole count is 1500f, spinneret draft ratio 130, polyamide
56 melts are cooled down after spraying spinneret orifice by circular blow wind, and wind-warm syndrome is 25 DEG C, and wind speed 0.5m/s obtains spun filament；
(3), spun filament is fed by feeding roller obtains primary silk in fiber barrel, primary silk carries out three-level drawing by creel
It stretches, total draw ratio is 4.5 times, wherein shared level-one draw ratio is the 80% of toatl proportion, and it is total that secondary drawing multiple is shared
The 10% of ratio, shared three-level draw ratio is the 10% of toatl proportion, and draft temperature is 108 DEG C, while carrying out nervous thermal finalization,
Nervous heat setting temperature is 180 DEG C, and 56 fiber of polyamide after stretching enters crimping machine, crimping machine by steam heating box preheating
Temperature is 118 DEG C, and 56 fiber of polyamide after curling carries out relaxation heat setting, and relaxation heat setting temperature is 100 DEG C, finally
The short fibre of polyamide 56 described in the present embodiment of cutting.
Each parameter of the preparation method of the present embodiment is as shown in table 1, and the properties of the short fibre of polyamide 56 are as shown in table 2.
Embodiment two:
Present embodiments provide a kind of preparation method of the short fibre of polyamide 56 comprising following steps:
(1), it chooses the polyamide 56 that relative viscosity is 3.2 to be sliced, be dried under nitrogen protection, drying temperature is
135 DEG C, drying time 20h, the slice of polyamide 56 after drying is entered in single-screw machine by closed nitrogen protection feed bin to carry out
Heating melting obtains 56 melt of polyamide；
(2), 56 melt of polyamide is sprayed by the spinneret that hole count is 2500f, spinneret draft ratio 90, polyamide 56
Melt is cooled down after spraying spinneret orifice by circular blow wind, and wind-warm syndrome is 25 DEG C, and wind speed 0.6m/s obtains spun filament；
(3), spun filament is fed by feeding roller obtains primary silk in fiber barrel, primary silk carries out three-level drawing by creel
It stretches, total draw ratio is 3.8 times, wherein shared level-one draw ratio is the 90% of toatl proportion, and it is total that secondary drawing multiple is shared
The 5% of ratio, shared three-level draw ratio is the 5% of toatl proportion, and draft temperature is 108 DEG C, while carrying out nervous thermal finalization, tightly
Opening heat setting temperature is 220 DEG C, and 56 fiber of polyamide after stretching enters crimping machine, crimping machine temperature by steam heating box preheating
Degree is 118 DEG C, and 56 fiber of polyamide after curling carries out relaxation heat setting, and relaxation heat setting temperature is 150 DEG C, is finally cut
The short fibre of polyamide 56 described in disconnected the present embodiment.
Each parameter of the preparation method of the present embodiment is as shown in table 1, and the properties of the short fibre of polyamide 56 are as shown in table 2.
Embodiment three:
Present embodiments provide a kind of preparation method of the short fibre of polyamide 56 comprising following steps:
(1), it chooses the polyamide 56 that relative viscosity is 3.3 to be sliced, be dried under nitrogen protection, drying temperature is
135 DEG C, drying time 20h, the slice of polyamide 56 after drying is entered in single-screw machine by closed nitrogen protection feed bin to carry out
Heating melting obtains 56 melt of polyamide；
(2), 56 melt of polyamide is sprayed by the spinneret that hole count is 2800f, spinneret draft ratio 120, polyamide
56 melts are cooled down after spraying spinneret orifice by circular blow wind, and wind-warm syndrome is 25 DEG C, and wind speed 0.7m/s obtains spun filament；
(3), spun filament is fed by feeding roller obtains primary silk in fiber barrel, primary silk carries out three-level drawing by creel
It stretches, total draw ratio is 4.0 times, wherein shared level-one draw ratio is the 85% of toatl proportion, and it is total that secondary drawing multiple is shared
The 10% of ratio, shared three-level draw ratio is the 5% of toatl proportion, and draft temperature is 90 DEG C, while carrying out nervous thermal finalization, tightly
Opening heat setting temperature is 195 DEG C, and 56 fiber of polyamide after stretching enters crimping machine, crimping machine temperature by steam heating box preheating
Degree is 118 DEG C, and 56 fiber of polyamide after curling carries out relaxation heat setting, and relaxation heat setting temperature is 100 DEG C, is finally cut
The short fibre of polyamide 56 described in disconnected the present embodiment.
Each parameter of the preparation method of the present embodiment is as shown in table 1, and the properties of the short fibre of polyamide 56 are as shown in table 2.
Example IV:
Present embodiments provide a kind of preparation method of the short fibre of polyamide 56 comprising following steps:
(1), it chooses the polyamide 56 that relative viscosity is 3.2 to be sliced, be dried under nitrogen protection, drying temperature is
135 DEG C, drying time 20h, the slice of polyamide 56 after drying is entered in single-screw machine by closed nitrogen protection feed bin to carry out
Heating melting obtains 56 melt of polyamide；
(2), 56 melt of polyamide is sprayed by the spinneret that hole count is 1600f, spinneret draft ratio 110, polyamide
56 melts are cooled down after spraying spinneret orifice by circular blow wind, and wind-warm syndrome is 25 DEG C, and wind speed 0.8m/s obtains spun filament；
(3), spun filament is fed by feeding roller obtains primary silk in fiber barrel, primary silk carries out three-level drawing by creel
It stretches, total draw ratio is 4.2 times, wherein shared level-one draw ratio is the 82% of toatl proportion, and it is total that secondary drawing multiple is shared
The 8% of ratio, shared three-level draw ratio is the 10% of toatl proportion, and draft temperature is 130 DEG C, while carrying out nervous thermal finalization,
Nervous heat setting temperature is 210 DEG C, and 56 fiber of polyamide after stretching enters crimping machine, crimping machine by steam heating box preheating
Temperature is 118 DEG C, and 56 fiber of polyamide after curling carries out relaxation heat setting, and relaxation heat setting temperature is 100 DEG C, finally
The short fibre of polyamide 56 described in the present embodiment of cutting.
Each parameter of the preparation method of the present embodiment is as shown in table 1, and the properties of the short fibre of polyamide 56 are as shown in table 2.
Embodiment five:
Present embodiments provide a kind of preparation method of the short fibre of polyamide 56 comprising following steps:
(1), it chooses the polyamide 56 that relative viscosity is 3.1 to be sliced, be dried under nitrogen protection, drying temperature is
135 DEG C, drying time 20h, the slice of polyamide 56 after drying is entered in single-screw machine by closed nitrogen protection feed bin to carry out
Heating melting obtains 56 melt of polyamide；
(2), 56 melt of polyamide is sprayed by the spinneret that hole count is 800f, spinneret draft ratio 150, polyamide 56
Melt is cooled down after spraying spinneret orifice by circular blow wind, and wind-warm syndrome is 25 DEG C, and wind speed 0.7m/s obtains spun filament；
(3), spun filament is fed by feeding roller obtains primary silk in fiber barrel, primary silk carries out three-level drawing by creel
It stretches, total draw ratio is 4.5 times, wherein shared level-one draw ratio is the 86% of toatl proportion, and it is total that secondary drawing multiple is shared
The 10% of ratio, shared three-level draw ratio is the 4% of toatl proportion, and draft temperature is 100 DEG C, while carrying out nervous thermal finalization,
Nervous heat setting temperature is 215 DEG C, and 56 fiber of polyamide after stretching enters crimping machine, crimping machine by steam heating box preheating
Temperature is 118 DEG C, and 56 fiber of polyamide after curling carries out relaxation heat setting, and relaxation heat setting temperature is 120 DEG C, finally
The short fibre of polyamide 56 described in the present embodiment of cutting.
Each parameter of the preparation method of the present embodiment is as shown in table 1, and the properties of the short fibre of polyamide 56 are as shown in table 2.
Embodiment six:
Present embodiments provide a kind of preparation method of the short fibre of polyamide 56 comprising following steps:
(1), it chooses the polyamide 56 that relative viscosity is 3.3 to be sliced, be dried under nitrogen protection, drying temperature is
135 DEG C, drying time 20h, the slice of polyamide 56 after drying is entered in single-screw machine by closed nitrogen protection feed bin to carry out
Heating melting obtains 56 melt of polyamide；
(2), 56 melt of polyamide is sprayed by the spinneret that hole count is 3500f, spinneret draft ratio 130, polyamide
56 melts are cooled down after spraying spinneret orifice by circular blow wind, and wind-warm syndrome is 25 DEG C, and wind speed 0.65m/s obtains spun filament；
(3), spun filament is fed by feeding roller obtains primary silk in fiber barrel, primary silk carries out three-level drawing by creel
It stretches, total draw ratio is 4.2 times, wherein shared level-one draw ratio is the 90% of toatl proportion, and it is total that secondary drawing multiple is shared
The 5% of ratio, shared three-level draw ratio is the 5% of toatl proportion, and draft temperature is 100 DEG C, while carrying out nervous thermal finalization, tightly
Opening heat setting temperature is 185 DEG C, and 56 fiber of polyamide after stretching enters crimping machine, crimping machine temperature by steam heating box preheating
Degree is 118 DEG C, and 56 fiber of polyamide after curling carries out relaxation heat setting, and relaxation heat setting temperature is 60 DEG C, is finally cut
The short fibre of polyamide 56 described in disconnected the present embodiment.
Each parameter of the preparation method of the present embodiment is as shown in table 1, and the properties of the short fibre of polyamide 56 are as shown in table 2.
Embodiment seven:
Present embodiments provide a kind of preparation method of the short fibre of polyamide 56 comprising following steps:
(1), it chooses the polyamide 56 that relative viscosity is 3.4 to be sliced, be dried under nitrogen protection, drying temperature is
135 DEG C, drying time 20h, the slice of polyamide 56 after drying is entered in single-screw machine by closed nitrogen protection feed bin to carry out
Heating melting obtains 56 melt of polyamide；
(2), 56 melt of polyamide is sprayed by the spinneret that hole count is 3200f, spinneret draft ratio 180, polyamide
56 melts are cooled down after spraying spinneret orifice by circular blow wind, and wind-warm syndrome is 25 DEG C, and wind speed 0.75m/s obtains spun filament；
(3), spun filament is fed by feeding roller obtains primary silk in fiber barrel, primary silk carries out three-level drawing by creel
It stretches, total draw ratio is 4.1 times, wherein shared level-one draw ratio is the 88% of toatl proportion, and it is total that secondary drawing multiple is shared
The 10% of ratio, shared three-level draw ratio is the 2% of toatl proportion, and draft temperature is 60 DEG C, while carrying out nervous thermal finalization, tightly
Opening heat setting temperature is 165 DEG C, and 56 fiber of polyamide after stretching enters crimping machine, crimping machine temperature by steam heating box preheating
Degree is 118 DEG C, and 56 fiber of polyamide after curling carries out relaxation heat setting, and relaxation heat setting temperature is 120 DEG C, is finally cut
The short fibre of polyamide 56 described in disconnected the present embodiment.
Each parameter of the preparation method of the present embodiment is as shown in table 1, and the properties of the short fibre of polyamide 56 are as shown in table 2.
Embodiment eight:
Present embodiments provide a kind of preparation method of the short fibre of polyamide 56 comprising following steps:
(1), it chooses the polyamide 56 that relative viscosity is 2.7 to be sliced, be dried under nitrogen protection, drying temperature is
135 DEG C, drying time 20h, the slice of polyamide 56 after drying is entered in single-screw machine by closed nitrogen protection feed bin to carry out
Heating melting obtains 56 melt of polyamide；
(2), 56 melt of polyamide is sprayed by the spinneret that hole count is 1600f, spinneret draft ratio 180, polyamide
56 melts are cooled down after spraying spinneret orifice by circular blow wind, and wind-warm syndrome is 25 DEG C, and wind speed 0.6m/s obtains spun filament；
(3), spun filament is fed by feeding roller obtains primary silk in fiber barrel, primary silk carries out three-level drawing by creel
It stretches, total draw ratio is 4.4 times, wherein shared level-one draw ratio is the 90% of toatl proportion, and it is total that secondary drawing multiple is shared
The 4% of ratio, shared three-level draw ratio is the 4% of toatl proportion, and draft temperature is 120 DEG C, while carrying out nervous thermal finalization, tightly
Opening heat setting temperature is 180 DEG C, and 56 fiber of polyamide after stretching enters crimping machine, crimping machine temperature by steam heating box preheating
Degree is 118 DEG C, and 56 fiber of polyamide after curling carries out relaxation heat setting, and relaxation heat setting temperature is 120 DEG C, is finally cut
The short fibre of polyamide 56 described in disconnected the present embodiment.
Each parameter of the preparation method of the present embodiment is as shown in table 1, and the properties of the short fibre of polyamide 56 are as shown in table 2.
Embodiment nine:
Present embodiments provide a kind of preparation method of the short fibre of polyamide 56 comprising following steps:
(1), it chooses the polyamide 56 that relative viscosity is 3.6 to be sliced, be dried under nitrogen protection, drying temperature is
135 DEG C, drying time 20h, the slice of polyamide 56 after drying is entered in single-screw machine by closed nitrogen protection feed bin to carry out
Heating melting obtains 56 melt of polyamide；
(2), 56 melt of polyamide is sprayed by the spinneret that hole count is 2500f, spinneret draft ratio 150, polyamide
56 melts are cooled down after spraying spinneret orifice by circular blow wind, and wind-warm syndrome is 25 DEG C, and wind speed 0.8m/s obtains spun filament；
(3), spun filament is fed by feeding roller obtains primary silk in fiber barrel, primary silk carries out three-level drawing by creel
It stretches, total draw ratio is 3.6 times, wherein shared level-one draw ratio is the 85% of toatl proportion, and it is total that secondary drawing multiple is shared
The 10% of ratio, shared three-level draw ratio is the 5% of toatl proportion, and draft temperature is 120 DEG C, while carrying out nervous thermal finalization,
Nervous heat setting temperature is 160 DEG C, and 56 fiber of polyamide after stretching enters crimping machine, crimping machine by steam heating box preheating
Temperature is 118 DEG C, and 56 fiber of polyamide after curling carries out relaxation heat setting, and relaxation heat setting temperature is 120 DEG C, finally
The short fibre of polyamide 56 described in the present embodiment of cutting.
Each parameter of the preparation method of the present embodiment is as shown in table 1, and the properties of the short fibre of polyamide 56 are as shown in table 2.
Embodiment ten is to embodiment 18:
By the short fibre of polyamide 56 made from embodiment one to nine, according to conventional method in that art, with cotton/wool blend, wherein
Cotton: hair: the mass ratio of the short fibre of polyamide is 10:10:80, and sewing thread, specification T9.8tex*3 is made.
Sewing thread the preparation method comprises the following steps: according to conventional method in that art, blowing, cotton carding, drafting, rove, spun yarn, winder,
Sewing thread is made in doubling twisting, winder.
Comparative example one:
This comparative example provides a kind of preparation method of the short fibre of polyamide 56 comprising following steps:
(1), it chooses the polyamide 56 that relative viscosity is 2.8 to be sliced, be dried under nitrogen protection, drying temperature is
135 DEG C, drying time 20h, the slice of polyamide 56 after drying is entered in single-screw machine by closed nitrogen protection feed bin to carry out
Heating melting obtains 56 melt of polyamide；
(2), 56 melt of polyamide is sprayed by the spinneret that hole count is 1800f, spinneret draft ratio 150, polyamide
56 melts are cooled down after spraying spinneret orifice by circular blow wind, and wind-warm syndrome is 25 DEG C, and wind speed 0.85m/s obtains spun filament；
(3), spun filament is fed by feeding roller obtains primary silk in fiber barrel, primary silk carries out three-level drawing by creel
It stretches, total draw ratio is 3.8 times, wherein shared level-one draw ratio is the 70% of toatl proportion, and it is total that secondary drawing multiple is shared
The 20% of ratio, shared three-level draw ratio is the 10% of toatl proportion, and draft temperature is 100 DEG C, while carrying out nervous thermal finalization,
Nervous heat setting temperature is 120 DEG C, and 56 fiber of polyamide after stretching enters crimping machine, crimping machine by steam heating box preheating
Temperature is 118 DEG C, and 56 fiber of polyamide after curling carries out relaxation heat setting, and relaxation heat setting temperature is 120 DEG C, finally
The short fibre of polyamide 56 described in the present embodiment of cutting.
Each parameter of the preparation method of this comparative example is as shown in table 1, the properties of the short fibre of gained polyamide 56 such as 2 institute of table
Show.
Comparative example two:
This comparative example provides a kind of preparation method of the short fibre of polyamide 56 comprising following steps:
(1), it chooses the polyamide 56 that relative viscosity is 2.7 to be sliced, be dried under nitrogen protection, drying temperature is
135 DEG C, drying time 20h, the slice of polyamide 56 after drying is entered in single-screw machine by closed nitrogen protection feed bin to carry out
Heating melting obtains 56 melt of polyamide；
(2), 56 melt of polyamide is sprayed by the spinneret that hole count is 2300f, spinneret draft ratio 120, polyamide
56 melts are cooled down after spraying spinneret orifice by circular blow wind, and wind-warm syndrome is 25 DEG C, and wind speed 0.55m/s obtains spun filament；
(3), spun filament is fed by feeding roller obtains primary silk in fiber barrel, primary silk carries out three-level drawing by creel
It stretches, total draw ratio is 3.5 times, wherein shared level-one draw ratio is the 60% of toatl proportion, and it is total that secondary drawing multiple is shared
The 20% of ratio, shared three-level draw ratio is the 20% of toatl proportion, and draft temperature is 120 DEG C, while carrying out nervous thermal finalization,
Nervous heat setting temperature is 140 DEG C, and 56 fiber of polyamide after stretching enters crimping machine, crimping machine by steam heating box preheating
Temperature is 118 DEG C, and 56 fiber of polyamide after curling carries out relaxation heat setting, and relaxation heat setting temperature is 120 DEG C, finally
The short fibre of polyamide 56 described in the present embodiment of cutting.
Each parameter of the preparation method of this comparative example is as shown in table 1, the properties of the short fibre of gained polyamide 56 such as 2 institute of table
Show.
Comparative example three:
This comparative example provides a kind of preparation method of the short fibre of polyamide 56 comprising following steps:
(1), it chooses the polyamide 56 that relative viscosity is 3.3 to be sliced, be dried under nitrogen protection, drying temperature is
135 DEG C, drying time 20h, the slice of polyamide 56 after drying is entered in single-screw machine by closed nitrogen protection feed bin to carry out
Heating melting obtains 56 melt of polyamide；
(2), 56 melt of polyamide is sprayed by the spinneret that hole count is 2400f, spinneret draft ratio 180, polyamide
56 melts are cooled down after spraying spinneret orifice by circular blow wind, and wind-warm syndrome is 25 DEG C, and wind speed 0.58m/s obtains spun filament；
(3), spun filament is fed by feeding roller obtains primary silk in fiber barrel, primary silk carries out three-level drawing by creel
It stretches, total draw ratio is 4.2 times, wherein shared level-one draw ratio is the 85% of toatl proportion, and it is total that secondary drawing multiple is shared
The 10% of ratio, shared three-level draw ratio is the 5% of toatl proportion, and draft temperature is 120 DEG C, while carrying out nervous thermal finalization,
Nervous heat setting temperature is 80 DEG C, and 56 fiber of polyamide after stretching enters crimping machine, crimping machine by steam heating box preheating
Temperature is 118 DEG C, and 56 fiber of polyamide after curling carries out relaxation heat setting, and relaxation heat setting temperature is 120 DEG C, finally
The short fibre of polyamide 56 described in the present embodiment of cutting.
Each parameter of the preparation method of this comparative example is as shown in table 1, the properties of the short fibre of gained polyamide 56 such as 2 institute of table
Show.
Comparative example four:
This comparative example provides a kind of preparation method of the short fibre of polyamide 56 comprising following steps:
(1), it chooses the polyamide 56 that relative viscosity is 3.2 to be sliced, be dried under nitrogen protection, drying temperature is
135 DEG C, drying time 20h, the slice of polyamide 56 after drying is entered in single-screw machine by closed nitrogen protection feed bin to carry out
Heating melting obtains 56 melt of polyamide；
(2), 56 melt of polyamide is sprayed by the spinneret that hole count is 1200f, spinneret draft ratio 200, polyamide
56 melts are cooled down after spraying spinneret orifice by circular blow wind, and wind-warm syndrome is 25 DEG C, and wind speed 0.6m/s obtains spun filament；
(3), spun filament is fed by feeding roller obtains primary silk in fiber barrel, primary silk carries out three-level drawing by creel
It stretches, total draw ratio is 3.5 times, wherein shared level-one draw ratio is the 78% of toatl proportion, and it is total that secondary drawing multiple is shared
The 12% of ratio, shared three-level draw ratio is the 10% of toatl proportion, and draft temperature is 120 DEG C, while carrying out nervous thermal finalization,
Nervous heat setting temperature is 90 DEG C, and 56 fiber of polyamide after stretching enters crimping machine, crimping machine by steam heating box preheating
Temperature is 118 DEG C, and 56 fiber of polyamide after curling carries out relaxation heat setting, and relaxation heat setting temperature is 120 DEG C, finally
The short fibre of polyamide 56 described in the present embodiment of cutting.
Each parameter of the preparation method of this comparative example is as shown in table 1, the properties of the short fibre of gained polyamide 56 such as 2 institute of table
Show.
Comparative example five:
This comparative example provides a kind of preparation method of the short fibre of polyamide 56 comprising following steps:
(1), it chooses the polyamide 56 that relative viscosity is 2.7 to be sliced, be dried under nitrogen protection, drying temperature is
135 DEG C, drying time 20h, the slice of polyamide 56 after drying is entered in single-screw machine by closed nitrogen protection feed bin to carry out
Heating melting obtains 56 melt of polyamide；
(2), 56 melt of polyamide is sprayed by the spinneret that hole count is 1600f, spinneret draft ratio 70, polyamide 56
Melt is cooled down after spraying spinneret orifice by circular blow wind, and wind-warm syndrome is 25 DEG C, and wind speed 0.8m/s obtains spun filament；
(3), spun filament is fed by feeding roller obtains primary silk in fiber barrel, primary silk carries out three-level drawing by creel
Stretch, total draw ratio is 3 times, wherein level-one draw ratio shared is the 85% of toatl proportion, secondary drawing multiple it is shared for always than
The 10% of example, shared three-level draw ratio is the 5% of toatl proportion, and draft temperature is 120 DEG C, while carrying out nervous thermal finalization, tightly
Opening heat setting temperature is 160 DEG C, and 56 fiber of polyamide after stretching enters crimping machine, crimping machine temperature by steam heating box preheating
Degree is 118 DEG C, and 56 fiber of polyamide after curling carries out relaxation heat setting, and relaxation heat setting temperature is 120 DEG C, is finally cut
The short fibre of polyamide 56 described in disconnected the present embodiment.
Each parameter of the preparation method of this comparative example is as shown in table 1, the properties of the short fibre of gained polyamide 56 such as 2 institute of table
Show.
Comparative example six to ten:
By polyamide product made from comparative example one to five, sewing is made according to the method for embodiment ten to embodiment 18
Line.
The performance indexes of sewing thread obtained is as shown in table 3.
The parameter list of the preparation method of 1 the embodiment of the present invention of table and comparative example
The parameter list of 2 the embodiment of the present invention of table and the products obtained therefrom of comparative example
The parameter list of 3 the embodiment of the present invention of table and the products obtained therefrom of comparative example
This hair can be understood and used the above description of the embodiments is intended to facilitate those skilled in the art
It is bright.Person skilled in the art obviously easily can make various modifications to these embodiments, and described herein
General Principle is applied in other embodiments without having to go through creative labor.Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments,
Those skilled in the art's announcement according to the present invention, improvement and modification made without departing from the scope of the present invention all should be in this hairs
Within bright protection scope.
Claims (43)
1. a kind of short fibre of polyamide 5X, it is characterised in that: the raw materials for production of the short fibre of polyamide 5X include at least: 1,5 penta 2
Amine and dicarboxylic acids；Or, with 1,5- pentanediamine and dicarboxylic acids are the polyamide 5X that monomer polymerization obtains；The polyamide 5X is short
Fine breaking strength is 6.0-10.0cN/dtex, and the elongation at break of the short fibre of polyamide 5X is 10%-20%, described poly-
The dry-hot shrinkage of the short fibre of amide 5X is 1.0%-7.0%；
The short fibre of polyamide 5X is prepared as follows method and obtains:
(1), 1,5 pentanediamine and dicarboxylic acids are polymerize, forms polyamide 5X melt；Or, polyamide 5X is heated to molten
State forms polyamide 5X melt；
(2), the polyamide 5X melt is subjected to spinning, forms spun filament；
(3), the short fibre of polyamide 5X is obtained after handling the spun filament；
In step (3), the processing includes the following steps: to stretch spun filament obtained by step (2), nervous thermal finalization, roll up
It is cut off after bent, relaxation heat setting, obtains the short fibre of polyamide 5X；
Wherein, the process of the stretching is to draw the spun filament after oiling to creel by feeding roller to stretch, total to draw
Stretching multiple is 2.5-6.5 times；
It is described to be stretched as three-level stretching or level Four stretching or Pyatyi stretching or six grades of stretchings；
The ratio of the total draw ratio of level-one draw ratio Zhan is 80-90%, remaining total draw ratio of draw ratio summation Zhan at different levels
Ratio be 10-20%；
Temperature when the anxiety thermal finalization is 150-230 DEG C.
2. the short fibre of polyamide 5X according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: 1, the 5- pentanediamine is led to by organism-based raw material
Everfermentation method or enzyme transforming process are prepared.
3. the short fibre of polyamide 5X according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the carbon atom number of the dicarboxylic acids is 4-
18。
4. the short fibre of polyamide 5X according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the dicarboxylic acids includes succinic acid, penta 2
Acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, decanedioic acid, eleven carbon diacids, dodecanedicarboxylic acid, tridecanyldicarboxylic acid,
Tetradecane diacid, pentadecane binary acid, 16-dicarboxylic acid, seventeen carbon diacids, octadecane diacid, maleic acid and Δ9-
One of 1,18 octadecylene binary acid are a variety of.
5. the short fibre of polyamide 5X according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the polyamide 5X includes polyamide 56；
The polyamide 56 is to obtain using 1,5- pentanediamine and adipic acid as polymerizable raw material.
6. the short fibre of polyamide 5X according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the raw materials for production of the short fibre of polyamide 5X are also
Including comonomer and/or additive.
7. the short fibre of polyamide 5X according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the comonomer includes: aliphatic dicarboxyl
Acid, ester ring type dicarboxylic acids, aromatic dicarboxylic acid, ethylenediamine, hexamethylene diamine, cyclohexanediamine, benzene dimethylamine, 6-aminocaprolc acid, 11- ammonia
It is any in base hendecanoic acid, 12 amino dodecanoic acid, p-aminomethylbenzoic acid, epsilon-caprolactams and omega-lauric lactam
It is one or more of.
8. the short fibre of polyamide 5X according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the additive be include: delustering agent, it is fire-retardant
It is any in agent, antioxidant, ultraviolet absorbing agent, infrared absorbent, crystallization nucleating agent, fluorescent whitening agent and antistatic agent
It is one or more of.
9. the short fibre of polyamide 5X according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: the additive amount of the additive accounts for raw materials for production
The 0.001-10% of total weight.
10. the short fibre of polyamide 5X according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the relative viscosity of the short fibre of polyamide 5X
For 2.7-3.7.
11. the short fibre of polyamide 5X according to claim 10, it is characterised in that: the xeothermic contraction of the short fibre of polyamide 5X
Rate is 3.0%-6.0%.
12. the short fibre of polyamide 5X according to claim 11, it is characterised in that: the crystallinity of the short fibre of polyamide 5X is
60-80%.
13. the short fibre of polyamide 5X according to claim 12, it is characterised in that: the degree of orientation of the short fibre of polyamide 5X is
80-90%.
14. the short fibre of polyamide 5X according to claim 13, it is characterised in that: the length of the short fibre of the polyamide 56 is 5-
150mm。
15. a kind of preparation method of such as short fibre of the described in any item polyamide 5X of claim 1 to 14, it is characterised in that: described
Preparation method includes the following steps:
(1), 1,5 pentanediamine and dicarboxylic acids are polymerize, forms polyamide 5X melt；Or, polyamide 5X is heated to molten
State forms polyamide 5X melt；
(2), the polyamide 5X melt is subjected to spinning, forms spun filament；
(3), the short fibre of polyamide 5X is obtained after handling the spun filament；
In step (3), the processing includes the following steps: to stretch spun filament obtained by step (2), nervous thermal finalization, roll up
It is cut off after bent, relaxation heat setting, obtains the short fibre of polyamide 5X；
Wherein, the process of the stretching is to draw the spun filament after oiling to creel by feeding roller to stretch, total to draw
Stretching multiple is 2.5-6.5 times；
It is described to be stretched as three-level stretching or level Four stretching or Pyatyi stretching or six grades of stretchings；
The ratio of the total draw ratio of level-one draw ratio Zhan is 80-90%, remaining total draw ratio of draw ratio summation Zhan at different levels
Ratio be 10-20%；
Temperature when the anxiety thermal finalization is 150-230 DEG C.
16. preparation method according to claim 15, it is characterised in that:
In step (1), it is described polymerization the following steps are included:
(a) under condition of nitrogen gas, 1,5- pentanediamine, dicarboxylic acids and water are uniformly mixed, the salting liquid of polyamide is made；Wherein,
The molar ratio of the 1,5- pentanediamine and dicarboxylic acids is (1-1.05): 1；
(b) salting liquid of polyamide is heated, pressure rises to 0.3-2.0Mpa in reaction system, be vented, pressure maintaining, then be depressured make it is anti-
Pressure in system is answered to be down to 0-0.2MPa, the pressure is gauge pressure, is evacuated to vacuum degree -0.01~-0.08Mpa, the pressure
Power is gauge pressure, to obtain polyamide 5X melt.
17. preparation method according to claim 16, it is characterised in that: the temperature of reaction system is at the end of the pressure maintaining
232-265℃。
18. preparation method according to claim 17, it is characterised in that: the temperature of reaction system is after the decompression
245-280℃。
19. preparation method according to claim 18, it is characterised in that: it is described vacuumize after temperature be 260-280 DEG C.
20. preparation method according to claim 19, it is characterised in that: in step (1), the polyamide 5X is polyamide
5X resin slicer.
21. preparation method according to claim 20, it is characterised in that: before step (1) heats polyamide 5X, further include
The step of polyamide 5X is dried.
22. preparation method according to claim 21, it is characterised in that: the temperature of the drying is 100-150 DEG C.
23. preparation method according to claim 22, it is characterised in that: the time of the drying is 10-30 hours.
24. preparation method according to claim 23, it is characterised in that: after the drying, the polyamide 5X's is aqueous
Rate is 50-1500ppm.
25. preparation method according to claim 24, it is characterised in that: after the drying, the polyamide 5X's is aqueous
Rate is 200-800ppm.
26. preparation method according to claim 25, it is characterised in that: after the drying, the polyamide 5X's is aqueous
Rate is 300-700ppm.
27. preparation method according to claim 26, it is characterised in that: after the drying, the polyamide 5X's is aqueous
Rate is 400-600ppm.
28. preparation method according to claim 20, it is characterised in that: the relative viscosity of the polyamide 5X resin is
2.7-3.6。
29. preparation method according to claim 15, it is characterised in that: when the short fibre of the polyamide 5X raw materials for production also
Including comonomer and/or when additive, the comonomer and/or additive are added in step (1).
30. preparation method according to claim 15, it is characterised in that: in step (2), the spinning includes following step
It is rapid:
It is cooling after the polyamide 5X melt is sprayed by the spinneret orifice of spinneret, form the spun filament.
31. preparation method according to claim 30, it is characterised in that: the number of the spinneret orifice in the spinneret is
800-3500f。
32. preparation method according to claim 31, it is characterised in that: the number of the spinneret orifice in the spinneret is
1000-3000f。
33. preparation method according to claim 32, it is characterised in that: the aperture of the spinneret orifice is 0.1-1.0mm.
34. preparation method according to claim 33, it is characterised in that: the spinneret draft ratio of the spinneret is 80-
200。
35. preparation method according to claim 34, it is characterised in that: the spinneret draft ratio of the spinneret is 100-
150。
36. preparation method according to claim 35, it is characterised in that: the cooling is cooled down by circular blow wind；Institute
The wind for stating circular blow wind is 15-32 DEG C, and the wind speed of the circular blow wind is 0.2-0.8m/s.
37. preparation method according to claim 15, it is characterised in that: described to be stretched as three-level stretching, wherein level-one is drawn
The ratio for stretching the total draw ratio of multiple Zhan is 80-90%, and the draw ratio summation that secondary drawing and three-level stretch is 10-20%.
38. the preparation method according to claim 37, it is characterised in that: the temperature when stretching is 80-150 DEG C.
39. the preparation method according to claim 38, it is characterised in that: the temperature when curling is 50-150 DEG C.
40. preparation method according to claim 39, it is characterised in that: the temperature when relaxation heat setting is 60-150
℃。
41. preparing the application in sewing thread to 14 described in any item short fibres of polyamide 5X according to claim 1.
42. a kind of sewing thread comprising such as the short fibre of the described in any item polyamide 5X of claim 1 to 14 or claim 15-
The short fibre of polyamide 5X made from preparation method described in any one of 40.
43. sewing thread according to claim 42, it is characterised in that: the sewing thread includes: cellulosics, animal fibre
Dimension, fire retardant polyester fiber, FR nylon fiber, aromatic polyamides fiber, para-aramid fiber, modacrylic are fine
One or more of dimension, phenolic fibre, melamine fiber, polyvinyl chloride fibre, pbo fiber, PBI fiber.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109957854A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2019-07-02 | 凯赛(乌苏)生物材料有限公司 | A kind of polyamide blended fiber and its preparation method and application |
| CN109930240B (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2021-09-07 | 上海凯赛生物技术股份有限公司 | Filament and preparation method thereof |
| CN109503829B (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2021-07-09 | 华峰集团有限公司 | Spinning-grade polyamide 66 resin for bright profiled yarn and preparation method thereof |
| CN111269564B (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2023-01-24 | 上海凯赛生物技术股份有限公司 | Polyamide 5X abrasive wire and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112779622A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2021-05-11 | 上海凯赛生物技术股份有限公司 | Polyamide 56 industrial yarn and preparation method and application thereof |
| US20230051716A1 (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2023-02-16 | Cathay Biotech Inc. | Polyamide 5x fiber, preparation method thereof, and use thereof |
| CN111378121B (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2023-03-10 | 上海凯赛生物技术股份有限公司 | High-viscosity polyamide 56 resin, high-strength polyamide 56 industrial yarn and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112095160B (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2022-03-22 | 军事科学院***工程研究院军需工程技术研究所 | Preparation method of functionalized polyamide 56 short fiber |
| CN114411280B (en) * | 2022-01-29 | 2023-12-15 | 优纤科技（丹东）有限公司 | Preparation method of nylon 56 short fiber with low shrinkage |
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| CN104562271A (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2015-04-29 | 上海凯赛生物技术研发中心有限公司 | Nylon fibers and preparation method thereof |
| CN106147223A (en) * | 2015-05-12 | 2016-11-23 | 上海凯赛生物技术研发中心有限公司 | Polyamide 5X is as the application of fire proofing |
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| CN104562271A (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2015-04-29 | 上海凯赛生物技术研发中心有限公司 | Nylon fibers and preparation method thereof |
| CN106147223A (en) * | 2015-05-12 | 2016-11-23 | 上海凯赛生物技术研发中心有限公司 | Polyamide 5X is as the application of fire proofing |
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