CN106953800B - Self-adaptive vertical routing method and routing unit based on network on chip - Google Patents
Self-adaptive vertical routing method and routing unit based on network on chip Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
- H04L45/02—Topology update or discovery
- H04L45/04—Interdomain routing, e.g. hierarchical routing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
- H04L45/02—Topology update or discovery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
- H04L45/12—Shortest path evaluation
- H04L45/122—Shortest path evaluation by minimising distances, e.g. by selecting a route with minimum of number of hops
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L49/00—Packet switching elements
- H04L49/10—Packet switching elements characterised by the switching fabric construction
- H04L49/109—Integrated on microchip, e.g. switch-on-chip
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Abstract
the invention discloses a self-adaptive vertical routing method and a routing unit based on a network on chip, wherein the routing method comprises the steps that when data are transmitted from a source node to a destination node, the direction of the next transmission node is determined according to the relation between the current node coordinate position of the transmitted data and the destination node coordinate position each time, so that when the source node is at the upper layer position of the destination node, the data are transmitted according to the vertical direction and then transmitted according to the horizontal direction, when the source node is at the lower layer position of the destination node, the data are transmitted according to the horizontal direction and then transmitted according to the vertical direction, and when the source node and the destination node are at the same layer, the data are directly transmitted according to the horizontal direction; the routing unit comprises an input/output interface unit, an input/output selection unit and a direction calculation unit. The invention can realize self-adaptive vertical routing based on the network on chip, and has the advantages of simple realization method, less transmission time, capability of avoiding transmission congestion, realization of temperature control, flexible transmission and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of microprocessor network-on-chip transmission, in particular to a network-on-chip-based self-adaptive vertical routing method and a routing unit.
Background
With the development of modern technologies, the structure of the network-on-chip gradually becomes a hot structure of a very large scale integrated circuit design, but the structure also generates a great deal of temperature problems while increasing the performance, including reducing the length of a global interconnection line for improving the transmission efficiency, providing a larger bandwidth with lower power consumption, shortening the interconnection line, increasing the flow and accelerating the generation of heat and the like; meanwhile, due to the constraint problem of area and time sequence, the arrangement of many cores becomes tighter, the heat dissipation is more difficult due to the stacking of blocks, meanwhile, the heat dissipation paths of different cores are different due to the 3D-NoC structure, and in a general design, the heat dissipation layer is arranged at the bottommost layer, so that the heat dissipation of the bottom layer is relatively better, and the heat dissipation of the top layer is most difficult.
The increase of temperature can further increase the consumption of chip, and then increases the temperature again, causes vicious circle to influence holistic performance, can cause chip irreversible damage even after the temperature reaches certain degree, consequently needs to control the temperature. The temperature control method can adopt various routing algorithms besides basic dynamic temperature management, and the conventional routing algorithm mainly reduces the temperature increase speed or leads the overall temperature to tend to be balanced, thereby being convenient for using various dynamic temperature management measures. The current routing method mainly comprises a dimension order route and a self-adaptive route, wherein the dimension order route is used most frequently and widely, the route has a simple structure, the possibility of deadlock does not exist, the diversity of the route is reduced, and the route is difficult to avoid under the condition of congestion or overheating, so that the local congestion or hot spots and the increase of path delay are caused; the adaptive routing can select different paths according to different parameters, bypass congested or overheated areas, increase the diversity of the paths, make the overall temperature tend to be balanced, reduce congestion and increase throughput rate, but the calculation of the paths is more complex, and the situations of increasing the length of local paths and causing deadlock exist.
aiming at the two situations that the routing mode is mainly divided into an integral route and a horizontal route at present, the integral route is a routing method which is used in the vertical direction and is the same as the routing method used in the horizontal direction, namely, the selection of the upper direction, the lower direction, the west direction and the north direction of the east is based on the same routing algorithm, the situation can cause great resource waste in the vertical direction, the heat dissipation layer is arranged at the bottommost layer of the whole 3D framework, the heat dissipation problem is considered, the number of layers which are generally vertically stacked is 3-5, the horizontal network is much larger, the number of layers can be selected in the vertical direction by adopting a simple method so as to reduce the calculation complexity and the resource waste, and the complex self-adaptive routing is adopted in the horizontal direction so as to increase the throughput and the diversity of paths. Practitioners have proposed completing most horizontal transmissions at the bottom layer to reduce temperature, but at the same time increase congestion and increase path length.
In the current network-on-chip transmission, a dimension sequence routing mode of firstly horizontally and then vertically or firstly vertically and then horizontally transmitting all transmission before congestion is achieved is usually adopted, so that congestion is caused by excessive transmission at the bottom layer, delay is increased due to excessive vertical transmission, and if a source node and a destination node are both at the top layer, the routing mode is adopted for downward routing, a large amount of redundant transmission in the vertical direction is increased, the length of a transmission path is greatly increased, delay is increased, and burden at the bottom is increased; if the source node is on the lower layer and the destination node is on the top layer, the routing mode is adopted to transmit vertically and then horizontally, and the problem of overhigh temperature caused by long heat radiation path at the top layer can occur.
disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a network-on-chip-based adaptive vertical routing method which has the advantages of simple realization method, less transmission time, capability of avoiding transmission congestion and realizing temperature control and flexible transmission, and a routing unit which has the advantages of simple structure, small area and power consumption, high efficiency in routing transmission and capability of realizing temperature control.
in order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
An adaptive vertical routing method based on a network on chip comprises the steps that when data are transmitted from a source node to a destination node, the direction of a next transmission node is determined according to the relation between the current node coordinate position and the destination node coordinate position of the transmission data each time, when the source node is at the upper layer position of the destination node, the source node is transmitted in the vertical direction firstly and then transmitted to the destination node in the horizontal direction, when the source node is at the lower layer position of the destination node, the source node is transmitted in the horizontal direction firstly and then transmitted to the destination node in the vertical direction, and when the source node and the destination node are at the same layer, the source node is directly transmitted to the destination node in the horizontal direction.
As a further improvement of the process of the invention: when the source node is at the upper layer position of the destination node, the source node is specifically transmitted to the layer where the destination node is located from the position of the source node in the vertical direction, and then transmitted to the destination node in the horizontal direction on the layer where the destination node is located; when the source node is at the lower layer position of the destination node, the source node is transmitted to the column where the destination node is located from the source node position in the horizontal direction, and the destination node is transmitted to the destination node in the vertical direction.
As a further improvement of the process of the invention: the specific steps of determining the direction of the next transmission node each time are as follows:
S1, judging whether the Z coordinate of the coordinate position of the current node is smaller than that of the coordinate position of the target node, if so, taking the direction of the next layer of the layer where the current transmission node is positioned as the direction of the next transmission node, and adding 1 to the Z coordinate of the coordinate position of the current node for updating; if not, go to step S2;
s2, judging whether the X, Y coordinate of the current node coordinate position is equal to the X, Y coordinate of the destination node coordinate position, if not, determining the direction of the next transmission node on the current layer according to the X, Y coordinate size relation between the current node coordinate position and the destination node coordinate position, and updating the current node coordinate position; if yes, go to step S3;
s3, comparing the size of the Z coordinate between the current node coordinate position and the destination node coordinate position, if the size of the Z coordinate is larger than the size of the Z coordinate, taking the direction of the previous layer of the layer where the current transmission node is located as the direction of the next transmission node, and subtracting 1 from the Z coordinate of the current node coordinate position to update; and if the two are equal, exiting and completing the routing process.
As a further improvement of the method of the present invention, the specific steps of step S2 are:
s21, judging whether the X coordinate of the coordinate position of the current node is smaller than the X coordinate between the coordinate positions of the target nodes, if so, taking the eastward direction of the layer where the current transmission node is located as the direction of the next transmission node, and adding 1 to the X coordinate of the coordinate position of the current node for updating; otherwise, go to step S22;
S22, comparing the size of a Y coordinate between the coordinate position of the current node and the coordinate position of the destination node, if the size of the Y coordinate is smaller than the size of the Y coordinate, taking the southward direction of the layer where the current transmission node is located as the direction of the next transmission node, and adding 1 to the Y coordinate of the coordinate position of the current node for updating; if the current node coordinate position is larger than the next node coordinate position, taking the northward direction of the layer where the current transmission node is located as the direction of the next transmission node, and subtracting 1 from the Y coordinate of the current node coordinate position to update; if yes, go to step S23;
S23, comparing the size of the X coordinate between the current node coordinate position and the destination node coordinate position, if the size is larger than the size, taking the western direction of the layer where the current transmission node is located as the direction of the next transmission node, and subtracting 1 from the X coordinate of the current node coordinate position to update; if so, execution proceeds to step S3.
The invention further discloses a routing unit for realizing the self-adaptive vertical routing method based on the network on chip, wherein each node in the network on chip is configured with the routing unit for data transmission, the routing unit comprises an input/output interface unit, an input/output selection unit and a direction calculation unit for determining the direction of the next transmission node, which are connected with each other, and the routing units in all directions in the network on chip are connected through the input/output interface unit;
The input/output interface unit receives transmission requests and transmission data of all transmission directions and current node coordinate positions and target node coordinate positions of the transmission data, the input/output selection unit accesses target transmission data, current node coordinate positions and target node coordinate positions corresponding to the target transmission data from corresponding input interfaces in the input/output interface unit according to the received transmission requests, the direction of the next transmission node is determined by the direction calculation unit, and the target transmission requests, the target transmission data, the corresponding current node coordinate positions and the corresponding target node coordinate positions are output through corresponding output interfaces in the input/output interface unit.
as a further improvement of the routing unit of the invention: the input/output interface unit comprises an input interface and an output interface, wherein the input interface comprises a transmission request input interface, a transmission data input interface, a current node coordinate position input interface and a target node coordinate position input interface which correspond to each transmission direction, and the output interface comprises a transmission request output interface, a transmission data output interface, a current node coordinate position output interface and a target node coordinate position output interface which correspond to each transmission direction; the transmission direction includes the north direction, south direction, west direction, east direction, upper direction and lower direction.
As a further improvement of the routing unit of the invention: the input and output selection unit comprises an input selection module and an output selection module, the input selection module inputs transmission requests and transmission data of each transmission direction and each group of current node coordinate positions and destination node coordinate positions accessed through each input interface, and outputs a group of current node coordinate positions and destination node coordinate positions which are effective in the transmission direction corresponding to the transmission request, and the transmission request is formed by an identifier which indicates whether the transmission request corresponding to each transmission direction is effective or not; the output selection module is accessed to the direction of the next transmission node output by the direction calculation unit and the updated current node coordinate position, and outputs a target transmission request, target transmission data, the updated current node coordinate position and a target node coordinate position to a corresponding output interface.
as a further improvement of the routing unit of the present invention, the direction calculating unit includes:
the first calculation unit is used for judging whether the Z coordinate of the current node coordinate position is smaller than that of the destination node coordinate position or not, if so, taking the direction of the next layer of the layer where the current transmission node is positioned as the direction of the next transmission node, and adding 1 to the Z coordinate of the current node coordinate position for updating; if not, the second computing unit is executed;
the second calculation unit is used for judging whether the X, Y coordinate of the current node coordinate position is equal to the X, Y coordinate of the destination node coordinate position, if not, the direction of the next transmission node is determined in the current layer according to the X, Y coordinate size relation between the current node coordinate position and the destination node coordinate position, and the current node coordinate position is updated; if yes, switching to a third calculation unit;
the third calculation unit is used for comparing the size of the Z coordinate between the current node coordinate position and the destination node coordinate position, if the size of the Z coordinate is larger than the size of the Z coordinate, the direction of the previous layer of the layer where the current transmission node is located is taken as the direction of the next transmission node, and the Z coordinate of the current node coordinate position is subtracted by 1 to be updated; and if the two are equal, exiting, and finishing the route transmission process.
as a further improvement of the routing unit of the present invention, the second calculating unit specifically includes:
The first X-direction calculating unit is used for judging whether the X coordinate of the current node coordinate position is smaller than the X coordinate between the destination node coordinate positions or not, if so, taking the eastern direction of the layer where the current transmission node is positioned as the direction of the next transmission node, and adding 1 to the X coordinate of the current node coordinate position for updating; otherwise, switching to the execution of the Y-direction calculation unit;
The Y direction calculation unit is used for comparing the size of a Y coordinate between the current node coordinate position and the destination node coordinate position, if the size of the Y coordinate is smaller than the size of the Y coordinate, the southward direction of the layer where the current transmission node is located is taken as the direction of the next transmission node, and the Y coordinate of the current node coordinate position is updated by adding 1; if the current node coordinate position is larger than the next node coordinate position, taking the northward direction of the layer where the current transmission node is located as the direction of the next transmission node, and subtracting 1 from the Y coordinate of the current node coordinate position to update; if the X direction and the Y direction are equal, the second X direction calculation unit is executed;
The second X-direction calculating unit is used for comparing the size of the X coordinate between the current node coordinate position and the destination node coordinate position, if the size of the X coordinate is larger than the size of the X coordinate, the western direction of the layer where the current transmission node is located is taken as the direction of the next transmission node, and the X coordinate of the current node coordinate position is subtracted by 1 to be updated; and if the two are equal, the third calculation unit is executed.
Compared with the prior art, the self-adaptive vertical routing method based on the network on chip has the advantages that:
1) The invention relates to a self-adaptive vertical routing method based on a network on chip, which comprehensively considers the problems of approaching a heat dissipation layer and reducing the length of a transmission path, carries out transmission by comparing the relation between the coordinate position of a current node and the coordinate position of a target node, directly carries out horizontal transmission during transmission between nodes on the same layer, and does not need vertical transmission first; when the transmission is vertical, the vertical transmission is performed first and then the horizontal transmission is performed; when the transmission is carried out from bottom to top, the horizontal transmission and then the vertical transmission are executed, so that the horizontal transmission mode and the vertical transmission mode are flexibly controlled by combining the positions of a source node and a destination node, the routing is simple to realize, compared with the traditional dimension sequence routing, the transmission can be closer to a bottom layer, and the problems of congestion caused by excessive transmission of the bottom layer, delay increase caused by excessive vertical transmission and the like are avoided, so that the transmission delay is small, and the effective temperature control can be realized;
2) according to the self-adaptive vertical routing method based on the network on chip, if the source node and the destination node are on the top layer, horizontal transmission is directly carried out, compared with the traditional method that downward routing is needed, a large amount of redundant transmission in the vertical direction can be reduced, the length of a transmission path is greatly reduced, and the transmission load at the bottom is reduced while the transmission delay is reduced; if the source node is on the lower layer and the destination node is on the top layer, the source node is transmitted to the column position of the destination node on the current layer in the horizontal direction, and then transmitted to the destination node in the vertical direction, and if the source node is on the top layer and the destination node is on the lower layer, the source node is transmitted to the layer position of the destination node in the vertical direction, and then transmitted to the destination node in the horizontal direction, so that the transmission on the top layer can be reduced, the heat dissipation path of the top layer is shortened, the overhigh temperature of the top layer is avoided, and the temperature control is realized.
compared with the prior art, the routing unit of the invention has the advantages that: the routing unit of the invention has simple structure, the self-adaptive vertical routing method of the network on chip can reduce the area and power consumption of the routing part and waste of transmission time, has simple programming realization and small module area, can be suitable for various microprocessors, and can assist in finishing temperature control of a chip, increasing the stability of the chip and reducing leakage power consumption.
drawings
fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an implementation of the network-on-chip based adaptive vertical routing method according to the present embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a routing unit structure for implementing the network-on-chip based adaptive vertical routing method according to the present embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an interface structure of the input/output interface unit in this embodiment.
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an interface structure of the input selection module according to this embodiment.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an interface structure of the output selection module according to this embodiment.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of the direction calculating unit of the present embodiment.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating an implementation principle of the overall routing network transmission in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
the invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and specific preferred embodiments of the description, without thereby limiting the scope of protection of the invention.
the invention discloses a self-adaptive vertical routing method based on a network on chip, which comprises the steps that when data are transmitted from a source node to a destination node, the direction of the next transmission node is determined according to the relation between the current node coordinate position of the transmitted data and the destination node coordinate position each time, so that when the source node is at the upper layer position of the destination node, the source node is transmitted to the destination node in the vertical direction firstly and then transmitted to the destination node in the horizontal direction secondly, when the source node is at the lower layer position of the destination node, the source node is transmitted to the destination node in the horizontal direction firstly and then transmitted to the destination node in the vertical direction secondly, and when the source node and the destination node are at the same layer, the source node is directly transmitted to the destination node in the horizontal direction.
the invention comprehensively considers the problems of approaching a heat dissipation layer and reducing the length of a transmission path, the transmission is carried out by comparing the relation between the coordinate position of the current node and the coordinate position of the destination node, and the transmission between nodes on the same layer is directly and horizontally transmitted without first vertical transmission; when the transmission is vertical, the vertical transmission is performed first and then the horizontal transmission is performed; during the transmission from bottom to top, horizontal transmission is firstly carried out and then vertical transmission is carried out, so that the flexible control level and vertical transmission modes of the positions of a source node and a destination node are combined, the self-adaptive routing in the vertical direction is realized, the routing realization is simple, compared with the traditional dimension sequence routing which carries out all transmission on the bottom layer before reaching congestion and is fixed, namely horizontal transmission is firstly carried out and then vertical transmission or vertical transmission is firstly carried out and then horizontal transmission is carried out, the transmission can be enabled to be closer to the bottom layer, the problems of congestion caused by too much transmission on the bottom layer and delay increase caused by too much vertical transmission are avoided, the transmission delay is small, and effective temperature control can be realized.
By adopting the routing method, if the source node and the destination node are on the top layer, horizontal transmission is directly carried out, compared with the traditional downward routing, the method can reduce a large amount of redundant transmission in the vertical direction, greatly reduce the length of a transmission path, thereby reducing the transmission delay and reducing the transmission burden at the bottom; if the source node is on the lower layer and the destination node is on the top layer, the source node is transmitted to the column position of the destination node on the current layer in the horizontal direction, and then transmitted to the destination node in the vertical direction, and if the source node is on the top layer and the destination node is on the lower layer, the source node is transmitted to the layer position of the destination node in the vertical direction, and then transmitted to the destination node in the horizontal direction, so that the transmission on the top layer can be reduced, the heat dissipation path of the top layer is shortened, the overhigh temperature of the top layer is avoided, and the temperature control is realized.
As shown in fig. 1, in the adaptive vertical routing method based on the network on chip in this embodiment, routing is specifically performed by comparing the Z coordinate size of the current node coordinate position and the destination coordinate position in the vertical direction to determine whether horizontal transmission or vertical transmission is performed first, and if the Z coordinate Zsrc of the source node is smaller than the destination node Zdst, the source node is transmitted to the layer (destination layer) where the destination node is located in the vertical direction, and then the destination node is transmitted to the layer where the destination node is located in the horizontal direction; otherwise, the data is transmitted to the row (destination row) where the destination node is located according to the horizontal direction, whether the Z coordinate Zsrc of the source node is equal to the destination node Zdst or not is judged after the data reaches the row where the destination node is located, if the Z coordinate Zsrc is not equal to the destination node Zdst, the data is transmitted to the destination node from the row where the destination node is located according to the vertical direction, and the routing transmission process is completed; if the two are equal, namely the corresponding source node and the destination node are in the same layer, the destination node is reached currently, and the route transmission process is completed.
In this embodiment, the specific steps of determining the direction of the next transmission node each time include:
s1, judging whether the Z coordinate of the coordinate position of the current node is smaller than that of the coordinate position of the target node, if so, taking the direction of the next layer of the layer where the current transmission node is positioned as the direction of the next transmission node, and adding 1 to the Z coordinate of the coordinate position of the current node for updating; if not, go to step S2;
S2, judging whether the X, Y coordinate of the current node coordinate position is equal to the X, Y coordinate of the destination node coordinate position, if not, determining the direction of the next transmission node on the current layer according to the X, Y coordinate size relation between the current node coordinate position and the destination node coordinate position, and updating the current node coordinate position; if yes, go to step S3;
S3, comparing the size of the Z coordinate between the current node coordinate position and the destination node coordinate position, if the size of the Z coordinate is larger than the size of the Z coordinate, taking the direction of the previous layer of the layer where the current transmission node is located as the direction of the next transmission node, and subtracting 1 from the Z coordinate of the current node coordinate position to update; and if the two are equal, exiting and completing the routing process.
Through the steps, Z, X, Y coordinate sizes between the current node and the destination node are sequentially compared to determine the direction of the next transmission node during each transmission, and the position relationship between the current node and the destination node can be combined, so that when the source node is at the upper layer position of the destination node, the source node is transmitted in the vertical direction and then in the horizontal direction; when the source node is at the lower layer position of the destination node, the source node transmits in the horizontal direction and then transmits in the vertical direction; when the source node and the destination node are on the same layer, the transmission is directly and horizontally transmitted, so that the transmission is closer to the bottom layer, the transmission delay and the transmission congestion are reduced, and the temperature control of the bottom layer and the top layer is realized.
In this embodiment, the specific step of performing horizontal transmission in step S2 is:
s21, judging whether the X coordinate of the coordinate position of the current node is smaller than the X coordinate between the coordinate positions of the target nodes, if so, taking the eastward direction of the layer where the current transmission node is located as the direction of the next transmission node, and adding 1 to the X coordinate of the coordinate position of the current node for updating; otherwise, go to step S22;
S22, comparing the size of a Y coordinate between the coordinate position of the current node and the coordinate position of the destination node, if the size of the Y coordinate is smaller than the size of the Y coordinate, taking the southward direction of the layer where the current transmission node is located as the direction of the next transmission node, and adding 1 to the Y coordinate of the coordinate position of the current node for updating; if the current node coordinate position is larger than the next node coordinate position, taking the northward direction of the layer where the current transmission node is located as the direction of the next transmission node, and subtracting 1 from the Y coordinate of the current node coordinate position to update; if yes, go to step S23;
S23, comparing the size of the X coordinate between the current node coordinate position and the destination node coordinate position, if the size is larger than the size, taking the western direction of the layer where the current transmission node is located as the direction of the next transmission node, and subtracting 1 from the X coordinate of the current node coordinate position to update; if so, execution proceeds to step S3.
In this embodiment, the transmission in the horizontal direction is performed by the X-Y dimensional sequential routing, which is simple to implement, and in other embodiments, other horizontal transmission modes may be adopted according to actual requirements.
As shown in fig. 2, a routing unit for implementing the above-mentioned adaptive vertical routing method based on a network on chip in this embodiment is configured in each node in the network on chip to perform data transmission, where the routing unit includes an input/output interface unit, an input/output selection unit, and a direction calculation unit for determining a direction of a next transmission node, and the routing units in each direction in the network on chip are connected through the input/output interface unit; the input and output interface unit receives transmission requests and transmission data of all transmission directions and current node coordinate positions and target node coordinate positions of the transmission data, the input and output selection unit accesses target transmission data, current node coordinate positions and target node coordinate positions corresponding to the target transmission data from corresponding input interfaces in the input and output interface unit according to the received transmission requests, the direction of the next transmission node is determined by the direction calculation unit, and the target transmission requests and the target transmission data and the corresponding current node coordinate positions and the corresponding target node coordinate positions are output through corresponding output interfaces in the input and output interface unit.
as shown in fig. 3, the input/output interface unit in this embodiment includes an input interface and an output interface, where the input interface includes a transmission request input interface, a transmission data input interface, and a current node coordinate position input interface and a target node coordinate position input interface corresponding to each transmission direction, and the output interface includes a transmission request output interface, a transmission data output interface, and a current node coordinate position output interface and a target node coordinate position output interface corresponding to each transmission direction; the transmission directions include the north direction of the layer, the south direction of the layer, the west direction of the layer, the east direction of the layer, the upper direction and the lower direction of the layer.
referring to fig. 3, the access data of the input interface of the routing unit in this embodiment specifically includes a transmission data resultant value data _ rx [6:0], a transmission request resultant value req _ rx [6:0], a current coordinate value current _ id _ not/east/source/west/up/down [7:0] obtained from the routing and local processing unit (PE) in the east, west, south, up, and down directions, a target coordinate value dst _ id _ not/east/west/up/down [7:0] corresponding to each direction, and a current node coordinate value current _ id _ local [7:0] and a target node coordinate value dst _ id _ local [7:0] transmitted by the local PE; the output data of the output interface comprises a transmission request resultant value req _ tx [5:0] transmitted to six directions, a transmission data resultant value data _ tx [5:0], and a new _ id _ not/east/south/west/up/down [7:0] and a destination coordinate value dst _ id _ not/east/south/up/down [7:0] which are transmitted to each direction after being updated.
In this embodiment, the input/output selection unit includes an input selection module and an output selection module, where the input selection module inputs transmission requests and transmission data in each transmission direction and sets of current node coordinate positions and destination node coordinate positions accessed through each input interface, and outputs a set of current node coordinate positions and destination node coordinate positions valid in the corresponding transmission direction, where the transmission request is composed of an identifier indicating whether the transmission request corresponding to each transmission direction is valid. The input selection module of the present embodiment specifically selects one of the output 7 sets of current coordinates and destination coordinates according to the number of bits of the input reception request signal.
as shown in fig. 4, the input selection module of this embodiment is specifically a selector, and selects input data, a current node coordinate value and a destination node coordinate value in corresponding directions according to a transmission request resultant value req _ rx [6:0], where seven bits from low to high in the transmission request resultant value req _ rx sequentially represent input requests received from seven directions of normal, east, south, west, up, down and local, respectively, when the corresponding value is high, first, data in the corresponding direction (transmission request signal is high level) is selected from the transmission data resultant value data _ rx [6:0] and sent to the output interface, then, a current node coordinate value in the corresponding direction is selected and sent to current _ id [7:0], and a corresponding destination node coordinate value is selected and sent to dst _ id [7:0 ]. The input selection module selects current node coordinate value current _ id [7:0] and target node coordinate value dst _ id [7:0], then carries out split processing respectively to obtain coordinate values on each axis corresponding to the current node coordinate value and the target node coordinate value, wherein the high 2 bit is Z coordinate value, the middle 3 bit is Y coordinate value, and the low 3 bit is X coordinate value, and outputs current _ id _ X, current _ id _ Y, current _ id _ Z, dst _ id _ X, dst _ id _ Y and dst _ id _ Z.
in this embodiment, the direction calculation unit compares the current node coordinate position with the destination node coordinate position to obtain the direction of the next transmission node, updates the current node coordinate value of the data to be transmitted according to the direction of the next transmission node, and outputs the updated current node coordinate value to the next transmission node. As shown in fig. 5, the direction calculating unit of the present embodiment specifically includes:
The first calculating unit is used for judging whether the Z coordinate of the current node coordinate position is smaller than that of the destination node coordinate position or not, if so, taking the direction of the next layer of the layer where the current transmission node is positioned as the direction of the next transmission node, adding 1 to the Z coordinate of the current node coordinate position for updating, and returning to execute the first calculating unit; if not, the second computing unit is executed;
the second calculating unit is used for judging whether the X, Y coordinate of the current node coordinate position is equal to the X, Y coordinate of the destination node coordinate position, if not, the direction of the next transmission node is determined in the current layer according to the X, Y coordinate size relation between the current node coordinate position and the destination node coordinate position, the current node coordinate position is updated, and the second calculating unit is returned to be executed; if yes, switching to a third calculation unit;
The third calculating unit is used for comparing the size of the Z coordinate between the current node coordinate position and the destination node coordinate position, if the size is larger than the first calculating unit, the direction of the previous layer of the layer where the current transmission node is located is taken as the direction of the next transmission node, the Z coordinate of the current node coordinate position is reduced by 1 to be updated, and the third calculating unit is returned to be executed; and if the two are equal, exiting and completing the routing process.
In this embodiment, the second calculating unit specifically includes:
The first X-direction calculating unit is used for judging whether the X coordinate of the current node coordinate position is smaller than the X coordinate between the destination node coordinate positions or not, if so, taking the eastward direction of the layer where the current transmission node is positioned as the direction of the next transmission node, adding 1 to the X coordinate of the current node coordinate position for updating, and returning to execute the first X-direction calculating unit; otherwise, switching to the execution of the Y-direction calculation unit;
the Y direction calculating unit is used for comparing the size of a Y coordinate between the current node coordinate position and the destination node coordinate position, if the size of the Y coordinate is smaller than the size of the Y coordinate, the south direction of the layer where the current transmission node is located is taken as the direction of the next transmission node, 1 is added to the Y coordinate of the current node coordinate position for updating, and the Y direction calculating unit is returned to be executed; if the current transmission node is larger than the current transmission node, taking the northward direction of the layer where the current transmission node is located as the direction of the next transmission node, subtracting 1 from the Y coordinate of the coordinate position of the current node for updating, and returning to the execution of the Y-direction calculation unit; if the X direction and the Y direction are equal, the second X direction calculation unit is executed;
the second X-direction calculating unit is used for comparing the size of the X coordinate between the current node coordinate position and the destination node coordinate position, if the size of the X coordinate is larger than the size of the X coordinate, the western direction of the layer where the current transmission node is located is taken as the direction of the next transmission node, the X coordinate of the current node coordinate position is reduced by 1 to be updated, and the second X-direction calculating unit is returned to be executed; and if the two are equal, the third calculation unit is executed.
When the direction calculation unit executes calculation, the Z coordinate of the current node coordinate value is compared with the Z coordinate of the destination node coordinate value, when the Z coordinate of the destination node coordinate value is larger, a downward direction is output, and the Z coordinate of the current node coordinate value is added with 1 and sent to the updated Z coordinate; otherwise, comparing the X coordinate, outputting the direction to the east when the X coordinate of the destination node coordinate value is larger, adding 1 to the X coordinate of the current node coordinate value, and sending the updated X coordinate; otherwise, comparing the Y coordinate, when the Y coordinate of the destination node coordinate value is larger, outputting the south direction, adding 1 to the Y coordinate value of the current node coordinate value and sending the Y coordinate to the updated Y coordinate, when the Y coordinate of the destination node coordinate value is smaller, outputting the north direction, subtracting 1 from the Y coordinate value of the current node coordinate value and sending the Y coordinate to the updated Y coordinate; when the Y coordinates are equal, comparing the X coordinates, when the X coordinate of the destination node coordinate value is smaller, outputting the western direction, and subtracting 1 from the X coordinate value of the current node coordinate value to send the updated X coordinate; when the X coordinates are equal, comparing the Z coordinates, when the Z coordinate of the destination node coordinate value is smaller, outputting an upward direction, and subtracting 1 from the Z coordinate value of the current node coordinate value to send to the updated Z coordinate; when the Z coordinates are the same, outputting the local direction; and finally, updating and outputting direction signals direction [6:0] according to the output direction, and sending the coordinate values to corresponding output interfaces, wherein the coordinate values are unchanged except the coordinate values updated according to the direction. If the current node coordinate value is the same as the destination node coordinate value after updating, outputting the local direction, namely transmitting the local direction to the current PE, deleting the coordinate value, and ending the route transmission process.
In this embodiment, the output selection module accesses the direction of the next transmission node and the updated current node coordinate position output by the direction calculation unit, and outputs the target transmission request, the target transmission data, the updated current node coordinate position, and the target node coordinate position to the corresponding output interface. As shown in fig. 6, the output selection module of this embodiment is specifically an output selector, and first synthesizes updated XYZ coordinate values into an updated coordinate value new _ id according to the arrangement sequence of ZYX, selects a corresponding valid direction updated coordinate value through the direction signal direction [6:0], outputs the updated coordinate value new _ id [7:0] of each transmission direction, and at the same time, sets an output request of a corresponding transmission direction in the transmission request signal req _ tx [6:0] output according to the value of the direction signal direction [6:0] to be valid, obtains a target transmission request, and combines the data signal input to the selection module to obtain a corresponding output target transmission data signal data _ tx [6:0 ].
In the specific embodiment of the present invention, the transmission in the multiprocessor routing network by using the routing method is shown in fig. 7, where the transmission structure is 8 × 4, only a portion of a 4 × 3 structure diagram is shown in the drawing, and the horizontal direction is exemplified by adopting an XY dimensional sequence routing transmission mode; in the graph (a), corresponding to the situation that the source node S and the destination node D are both in the top-level lay0, the source node S and the destination node D are directly transmitted to the destination node D according to the horizontal direction, and the conventional transmission in the vertical direction is not required, so that a large amount of redundant transmission in the vertical direction is avoided; in the graph (b), corresponding to the situation that the source node S is on the upper layer of the destination node D, that is, downward transmission, the source node S is firstly transmitted to the lay2 where the destination node D is located according to the vertical direction, and then is transmitted to the destination node D according to the horizontal direction on the lay2 layer, so that the transmission is closer to the bottom layer, and meanwhile, excessive transmission on the bottom layer is avoided; the graph (c) corresponds to the situation that the source node S is on the lower layer of the destination node D, that is, upward transmission is performed, the source node S is transmitted to the row of the destination node D in the horizontal direction and then vertically transmitted to the destination node, instead of the conventional vertical and horizontal transmission, transmission can be closer to the bottom layer, transmission on the top layer is avoided, and temperature control on the top layer is realized.
In this embodiment, network-on-chip adaptive vertical routing is realized based on a hardware layer by the routing units, the structure is simple, each routing unit performs routing selection according to the position relationship between the current node coordinate and the destination node coordinate, the area and power consumption of the routing part can be reduced, the waste of transmission time is reduced, programming is simple to realize, the module area is small, and the routing unit can be applied to various microprocessors (digital chips).
the foregoing is considered as illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way. Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the technical scheme of the present invention, unless the technical spirit of the present invention departs from the content of the technical scheme of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An adaptive vertical routing method based on a network on chip is characterized in that when data are transmitted from a source node to a destination node, the direction of a next transmission node is determined according to the relation between the coordinate position of the current node of the transmitted data and the coordinate position of the destination node each time, so that when the source node is at the upper layer position of the destination node, the data are transmitted from the source node in the vertical direction and then transmitted to the destination node in the horizontal direction, when the source node is at the lower layer position of the destination node, the data are transmitted from the source node in the horizontal direction and then transmitted to the destination node in the vertical direction, and when the source node and the destination node are at the same layer, the data are directly transmitted from the source node to the destination node in the horizontal direction.
2. The network-on-chip-based adaptive vertical routing method according to claim 1, wherein the specific step of determining the direction of the next transmission node each time is:
S1, judging whether the Z coordinate of the coordinate position of the current node is larger than that of the coordinate position of the target node, if so, taking the lower layer direction of the layer where the current transmission node is positioned as the direction of the next transmission node, and adding 1 to the Z coordinate of the coordinate position of the current node for updating; if not, go to step S2;
S2, judging whether the X, Y coordinate of the current node coordinate position is equal to the X, Y coordinate of the destination node coordinate position, if not, determining the direction of the next transmission node on the current layer according to the X, Y coordinate size relation between the current node coordinate position and the destination node coordinate position, and updating the current node coordinate position; if yes, go to step S3;
s3, comparing the size of the Z coordinate between the coordinate position of the current node and the coordinate position of the destination node, if the size of the Z coordinate is smaller than the size of the Z coordinate, taking the upper layer direction of the layer where the current transmission node is located as the direction of the next transmission node, and subtracting 1 from the Z coordinate of the coordinate position of the current node for updating; and if the two are equal, exiting and completing the routing process.
3. the network-on-chip-based adaptive vertical routing method according to claim 2, wherein the step S2 specifically comprises the steps of:
S21, judging whether the X coordinate of the coordinate position of the current node is smaller than the X coordinate between the coordinate positions of the target nodes, if so, taking the eastward direction of the layer where the current transmission node is located as the direction of the next transmission node, and adding 1 to the X coordinate of the coordinate position of the current node for updating; otherwise, go to step S22;
S22, comparing the size of a Y coordinate between the coordinate position of the current node and the coordinate position of the destination node, if the size of the Y coordinate is smaller than the size of the Y coordinate, taking the southward direction of the layer where the current transmission node is located as the direction of the next transmission node, and adding 1 to the Y coordinate of the coordinate position of the current node for updating; if the current node coordinate position is larger than the next node coordinate position, taking the northward direction of the layer where the current transmission node is located as the direction of the next transmission node, and subtracting 1 from the Y coordinate of the current node coordinate position to update; if yes, go to step S23;
S23, comparing the size of the X coordinate between the current node coordinate position and the destination node coordinate position, if the size is larger than the size, taking the western direction of the layer where the current transmission node is located as the direction of the next transmission node, and subtracting 1 from the X coordinate of the current node coordinate position to update; if so, execution proceeds to step S3.
4. A routing unit for implementing the network-on-chip-based adaptive vertical routing method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein each node in the network-on-chip is configured with the routing unit for data transmission, and the routing unit includes an input/output interface unit, an input/output selection unit, and a direction calculation unit for determining a direction of a next transmission node, which are connected to each other, and the routing units in each direction in the network-on-chip are connected through the input/output interface unit;
the input/output interface unit receives transmission requests and transmission data of all transmission directions and current node coordinate positions and target node coordinate positions of the transmission data, the input/output selection unit accesses target transmission data, current node coordinate positions and target node coordinate positions corresponding to the target transmission data from corresponding input interfaces in the input/output interface unit according to the received transmission requests, the direction of the next transmission node is determined by the direction calculation unit, and the target transmission requests, the target transmission data, the corresponding current node coordinate positions and the corresponding target node coordinate positions are output through corresponding output interfaces in the input/output interface unit.
5. the routing unit of claim 4, wherein: the input/output interface unit comprises an input interface and an output interface, wherein the input interface comprises a transmission request input interface, a transmission data input interface, a current node coordinate position input interface and a target node coordinate position input interface which correspond to each transmission direction, and the output interface comprises a transmission request output interface, a transmission data output interface, a current node coordinate position output interface and a target node coordinate position output interface which correspond to each transmission direction; the transmission direction includes the north direction, south direction, west direction, east direction, upper direction and lower direction.
6. The routing unit of claim 5, wherein: the input and output selection unit comprises an input selection module and an output selection module, the input selection module inputs transmission requests and transmission data of each transmission direction and each group of current node coordinate positions and destination node coordinate positions accessed through each input interface, and outputs a group of current node coordinate positions and destination node coordinate positions which are effective in the transmission direction corresponding to the transmission request, and the transmission request is formed by an identifier which indicates whether the transmission request corresponding to each transmission direction is effective or not; the output selection module is accessed to the direction of the next transmission node output by the direction calculation unit and the updated current node coordinate position, and outputs a target transmission request, target transmission data, the updated current node coordinate position and a target node coordinate position to a corresponding output interface.
7. the routing unit according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the direction calculation unit comprises:
the first calculation unit is used for judging whether the Z coordinate of the current node coordinate position is larger than the Z coordinate of the destination node coordinate position, if so, taking the lower layer direction of the layer where the current transmission node is positioned as the direction of the next transmission node, and adding 1 to the Z coordinate of the current node coordinate position for updating; if not, the second computing unit is executed;
the second calculation unit is used for judging whether the X, Y coordinate of the current node coordinate position is equal to the X, Y coordinate of the destination node coordinate position, if not, the direction of the next transmission node is determined in the current layer according to the X, Y coordinate size relation between the current node coordinate position and the destination node coordinate position, and the current node coordinate position is updated; if yes, switching to a third calculation unit;
the third calculation unit is used for comparing the size of the Z coordinate between the current node coordinate position and the destination node coordinate position, if the size of the Z coordinate is smaller than the size of the Z coordinate, the upper layer direction of the layer where the current transmission node is located is taken as the direction of the next transmission node, and the Z coordinate of the current node coordinate position is subtracted by 1 to be updated; and if the two are equal, exiting, and finishing the route transmission process.
8. The routing unit according to claim 7, wherein the second computing unit specifically includes:
The first X-direction calculating unit is used for judging whether the X coordinate of the current node coordinate position is smaller than the X coordinate between the destination node coordinate positions or not, if so, taking the eastern direction of the layer where the current transmission node is positioned as the direction of the next transmission node, and adding 1 to the X coordinate of the current node coordinate position for updating; otherwise, switching to the execution of the Y-direction calculation unit;
The Y direction calculation unit is used for comparing the size of a Y coordinate between the current node coordinate position and the destination node coordinate position, if the size of the Y coordinate is smaller than the size of the Y coordinate, the southward direction of the layer where the current transmission node is located is taken as the direction of the next transmission node, and the Y coordinate of the current node coordinate position is updated by adding 1; if the current node coordinate position is larger than the next node coordinate position, taking the northward direction of the layer where the current transmission node is located as the direction of the next transmission node, and subtracting 1 from the Y coordinate of the current node coordinate position to update; if the X direction and the Y direction are equal, the second X direction calculation unit is executed;
The second X-direction calculating unit is used for comparing the size of the X coordinate between the current node coordinate position and the destination node coordinate position, if the size of the X coordinate is larger than the size of the X coordinate, the western direction of the layer where the current transmission node is located is taken as the direction of the next transmission node, and the X coordinate of the current node coordinate position is subtracted by 1 to be updated; and if the two are equal, the third calculation unit is executed.
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| CN110460523B (en) * | 2019-08-15 | 2021-06-11 | 电子科技大学 | Routing control unit for realizing network-on-chip cross-layer routing mechanism |
| CN114448862A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-05-06 | 山东云海国创云计算装备产业创新中心有限公司 | Data transmission method, device, equipment and medium based on 3D network on chip |
| CN114745345B (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2023-10-20 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Efficient routing method and device for dynamic back pressure adjustment of network on chip |
| CN116405555B (en) * | 2023-03-08 | 2024-01-09 | 阿里巴巴（中国）有限公司 | Data transmission method, routing node, processing unit and system on chip |
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