CN106950557A - A kind of single photon ranging ambient noise filtering method and single photon range unit modulated based on photon trajectory angular momentum - Google Patents
A kind of single photon ranging ambient noise filtering method and single photon range unit modulated based on photon trajectory angular momentum Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of single photon ranging ambient noise filtering method and single photon range unit modulated based on photon trajectory angular momentum, is related to technical field of laser detection, in order to solve the problem of existing method can not eliminate the ambient noise in single photon detection well.The orbital angular momentum of transmission signal is modulated to m ranks, m by the present invention in transmitting terminal using spiral phase plate>>1；In receiving terminal, the orbital angular momentum of the docking collection of letters number carries out the inverse modulation of m ranks, the ambient noise received in signal after inverse modulation is filtered using aperture diaphragm.Present invention utilizes the high-order orbital angular momentum signal photon signal not having in nature, high-order orbital angular momentum modulation is carried out to transmitting laser pulse signal, can effectively distinguishing signal and ambient noise, realize filtering completely for noise, remove the interference of ambient noise, it is effective to improve sensitivity and detection range, realize thousand kilometers of detection ranges.And this method does not need the extra time to be post-processed, real-time is good.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of laser detection.
Background technology
Development and the demand of various application backgrounds along with science and technology, the requirement to laser ranging detection range are more next
It is higher.The developing history of whole laser ranging is made a general survey of, Photodetection system is based primarily upon PIN and CCD detection at the beginning, it is responded
Sensitivity is 10-7W or so, it is gradual to occur as application field is to detection range and the requirement more and more higher of detectivity
Sensitivity higher APD and ICCD detectors, their sensitivity is generally 10-8W or so.These traditional detectors are also all
It is intensity detector, they can distinguish noise according to signal peak amplitude, but as people are further to sensitivity
Pursue, occur in that the single-photon detectors such as Gm-APD, this detector is different from conventional strength detector, and they are 0/1 two-values
Output, can only the presence or absence of response signal, it is impossible to response signal intensity.As long as the response of this single-photon detector, it is impossible to which resolution is
Echo signal or ambient noise, although the sensitivity of single photon device can reach single photon response sensitivity 10-11W~10-12W.But due to inevitable ambient noise in practical application, for example, 1064nm wave bands use 5~8nm narrow-band-filter
Piece, the narrow visual field angle of tens microradians, the ambient noise that the ambient noise on sunny daytime still has 1MHz is responded, and this will cause greatly
The false-alarm of amount, causes signal pulse to be submerged in a large amount of false-alarms, although single-photon detector has high response sensitivity, but
It can not be embodied well due to ambient noise.Therefore the method for most intractable at present, maximally effective increase detection range is just intended to
Method eliminates the ambient noise in single photon detection.Magruder L A et al. once use edge detection method Canny Edge
Detection (CED), probability-distribution function method Probability Distribution Function (PDF) and angle reflection method
Local Angle Mapping Technique (LAMT), these three modes can have certain rule according to number of targets strong point
Rule property and carry out filtering for signal post-processing the characteristics of noise spot mixed and disorderly random distribution.But these methods need the extra time
Follow-up signal processing is carried out, and the accuracy extracted can not also ensure, and only the object effect to rule is preferable.
The content of the invention
The invention aims to solve existing method not eliminating ambient noise in single photon detection well
Problem, proposes a kind of single photon ranging ambient noise filtering method modulated based on photon trajectory angular momentum and single photon ranging dress
Put.
A kind of single photon ranging ambient noise filtering method modulated based on photon trajectory angular momentum of the present invention, should
Method is：
The orbital angular momentum of transmission signal is modulated to m ranks, m>>1；
The inverse modulation of the orbital angular momentum progress-m ranks of the docking collection of letters number；
The ambient noise received in signal after inverse modulation is filtered using aperture diaphragm.
A kind of single photon range unit based on the modulation of photon trajectory angular momentum of the present invention includes Synchronization Control mould
Block (1), pulse laser (2), 4F optical systems (3), spiral phase plate (4), optical transmitting system (5), receiving optics
(6), reflective spatial light modulator (7), completely reflecting mirror (8), aperture diaphragm (9), single-photon detector (10), timing circuit
And signal processing module (12) (11)；
The synchronization control module (1) is used to produce two-way identical signal, is sent out all the way for pulse laser (2)
Laser pulse signal is penetrated, another road inputs to timing circuit (11) as timing initial signal；
The laser pulse signal of pulse laser (2) transmitting sequentially passes through 4F optical systems (3) and spiral phase plate (4)
Afterwards, emitted optical system (5) is launched；
The optical signals reflective spatial light modulator (7) that receiving optics (6) is received is demodulated, after demodulation
Optical signal is sequentially passed through after the reflection and aperture diaphragm (9) optical filtering of completely reflecting mirror (8), into single-photon detector (10)；
The timer expiration signal that single-photon detector (10) is produced is sent to timing circuit (11), timing circuit (11) output
Timing result be sent to signal processing module (12), signal processing module (12) is handled the timing result, and will place
Reason result feeds back to synchronization control module (1).
Present invention utilizes the high-order orbital angular momentum signal photon signal not having in nature, to transmitting laser pulse letter
Number carry out high-order orbital angular momentum modulation, can effectively distinguishing signal and ambient noise, realize filtering completely for noise, remove and carry on the back
The interference of scape noise, it is effective to improve sensitivity and detection range, realize thousand kilometers of detection ranges.And this method does not need volume
The outer time is post-processed, and real-time is good.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the orbital angular momentum signal schematic representation in embodiment one；
Fig. 2 is filters the principle schematic of noise using orbital angular momentum in embodiment one, wherein 15 represent to be reflected
The noise fallen；
In Fig. 3, (a) is signal hot spot pattern, and (b) is noise hot spot pattern, and (c) is echo-signal cross sectional strength normalizing
The curve of change；
Fig. 4 is a kind of principle of single photon range unit modulated based on photon trajectory angular momentum described in embodiment three
Block diagram.
Embodiment
Embodiment one：Illustrate present embodiment with reference to Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, one kind described in present embodiment is based on light
Sub-track angular momentum modulation single photon ranging ambient noise filtering method be：
The orbital angular momentum of transmission signal is modulated to m ranks, m>>1；
The inverse modulation of the orbital angular momentum progress-m ranks of the docking collection of letters number；
The ambient noise received in signal after inverse modulation is filtered using aperture diaphragm.
General monochromatic light field expression formula：
E=E0exp(-ikz) (1)
In formula, E0For amplitude, k is wave number, and z is propagation distance.
For the orbital angular momentum light beam that topological charge values are l, its light field expression formula is：
E=E0exp(-ikz)exp(imθ) (2)
Contrast equation (1) and formula (2) can be evident that orbital angular momentum light field and common light field are only poor
One phase factor exp (im θ), this illustrates that all properties that orbital angular momentum light field is different from planar light are all by this
What phase factor was caused.Phase factor gives expression to orbital angular momentum light field and forms helicon wave along the propagation of z directions, and easily
Obtaining surrounding the cycle anteposition of optical axis one, mutually change value is that 2 π m, m turn into orbital angular momentum quantum number (or as topological charge number).
Fig. 1 gives orbital angular momentum signal schematic representation, it can be seen that the only light of m=0 orbital angular momentum
Center is bright, and other are all dark.Detection method is exactly, as shown in Fig. 2 receiver known signal is the rail that carry m ranks
Road angular momentum, therefore inverse modulation of-m rank orbital angular momentums is carried out to it, the orbital angular momentum of signal is modulated to 0, so believed
Number be it is middle it is bright around dark point hot spot；Simultaneously noise be low order (0, ± 1) become high-order rail after-m inverse modulation
Road angular momentum (- m ,-m ± 1), such noise is exactly the bright ring-shaped light spot of middle dark surrounding, the radius size of this ring-shaped light spot
It is relevant with m, the ring-type hot spot of the point hot spot of signal and noise can be separated by selecting sufficiently large m, so as to use aperture
Diaphragm can just limit the noise of outer reticle circle.
Illustrate how to determine the pore size of space diaphragm below to realize the optimal separation of signal and noise.Carry rail
The transverse intensity distribution of light beam of the light beam of road angular momentum can be expressed as
Wherein, r, φ are the polar radius in cross section and azimuth, w respectively0It is the light beam on reception system focal plane
Waist radius, m turns into orbital angular momentum quantum number (or as topological charge number).Better than echo-signal and the track angle of ambient noise
Momentum is different, after echo is demodulated, and the orbital angular momentum of signal will be 0 rank, and ambient noise is then demodulated into (- m ,-m
±1)。
As shown in figure 3, the orbital angular momentum that+10 ranks are carried out to transmission signal is modulated, such echo-signal carries+10
Orbital angular momentum, reception system carries out the inverse modulation of -10 ranks to echo-signal, and the signal of so+10 ranks becomes 0 rank, such as Fig. 3
(a) it is the bright hot spot in a centre shown in；And ambient noise is originally 0 or ± 1 rank, become by the inverse modulation of -10 ranks (-
9, -10, -11) etc. high-order, be dark annular hot spot in the middle of one shown in such as Fig. 3 (b).Fig. 3 (c) gives signal in (a), (b)
13 (signal here refers to the useful signal for needing to retain in echo-signal) and the normalized song of cross sectional strength of noise 14
Line, can be very good to find out that signal and noise are separated well in spatial distribution from this curve, at this moment chooses appropriate hole
Footpath diaphragm radius is equal to the focus of two curves, thus the ambient noise of periphery is blocked can completely.
Embodiment two：Present embodiment is that one kind described in embodiment one is adjusted based on photon trajectory angular momentum
In the further restriction of the single photon ranging ambient noise filtering method of system, present embodiment, it will be launched using spiral phase plate 4
The orbital angular momentum of signal is modulated to m ranks.
Embodiment three：Illustrate present embodiment with reference to Fig. 4, one kind described in present embodiment is based on photon trajectory
The single photon range unit of angular momentum modulation includes synchronization control module (1), pulse laser (2), 4F optical systems (3), spiral shell
Revolve phase-plate (4), optical transmitting system (5), receiving optics (6), reflective spatial light modulator (7), completely reflecting mirror
(8), aperture diaphragm (9), single-photon detector (10), timing circuit (11) and signal processing module (12)；
The synchronization control module (1) is used to produce two-way identical signal, is sent out all the way for pulse laser (2)
Laser pulse signal is penetrated, another road inputs to timing circuit (11) as timing initial signal；
The laser pulse signal of pulse laser (2) transmitting sequentially passes through 4F optical systems (3) and spiral phase plate (4)
Afterwards, emitted optical system (5) is launched；
The optical signals reflective spatial light modulator (7) that receiving optics (6) is received is demodulated, after demodulation
Optical signal is sequentially passed through after the reflection and aperture diaphragm (9) optical filtering of completely reflecting mirror (8), into single-photon detector (10)；
The timer expiration signal that single-photon detector (10) is produced is sent to timing circuit (11), timing circuit (11) output
Timing result be sent to signal processing module (12), signal processing module (12) is handled the timing result, and will place
Reason result feeds back to synchronization control module (1).
In present embodiment, synchronizing signal module (1) produces initial signal electric pulse, all the way pulse laser (2)
Launch laser pulse signal, another road inputs to timing circuit as initial signal.The laser pulse of pulse laser (2) transmitting
Signal enters the screening of row mode by 4F optical systems (3), it is therefore an objective to which pure zlasing mode can improve orbital angular momentum
Modulation efficiency, then laser pulse signal is by spiral phase plate (4) progress high-order orbital angular momentum modulation.Carry high-order track
The laser pulse signal of angular momentum is launched by the collimator and extender of optical transmitting system (5).By the transmitting of target, echo
Signal carries out convergence collection by receiving optics (6) and enters reception system.Here receiving optics still ensures that very little
The angle of visual field, and including narrow band filter slice, spatial domain that the method for this patent can be traditional with these, time domain, frequency domain filter the back of the body
The method of scape noise is used in combination.Echo-signal subsequently into receiver incides reflective spatial light modulator (7) progress
Demodulation, demodulated signal is shone on a suitable diaphragm of pore size (9) by completely reflecting mirror (8), here with signal and the back of the body
The orbital angular momentum difference of scape noise generates the difference of signal space distribution, so as to be isolated using aperture diaphragm (9), believes
It number can pass through diaphragm and be irradiated to single-photon detector, and noise is then fallen by diaphragm gear, so that wiping out background noise.Echo
Signal triggering single-photon detector (10) produces timer expiration signal and inputs to timing circuit (11), last signal processing module
(12) post processing judgement is carried out to signal, and will determine that result feeds back to the measurement of synchronizing signal module progress next time.
The parameter of each several part is as follows in said apparatus：
Pulse laser (2)：Operation wavelength is 532nm, single pulse energy 20mJ, pulse width 10ns, repetition rate
1000Hz, the beam quality M side factor is better than 1.1；
Spiral phase plate (4)：Consider high power laser Energy device bears problem, optical transmitting system orbital angular momentum
Modulation uses spiral phase plate, modulation efficiency more than 90%；
Optical transmitting system (5)：Using the lens of 2-3 pieces of quartz glass materials, 532nm anti-reflection film is plated, launches optics
System transmitance is 80%, and the angle of departure is controlled in 0.2mrad；
Receiving optics (6)：Using Cassegrain's receiving optics, its advantage is that its reflective design can be with
Ensure higher optical efficiency, receiving optics (6) includes the 532nm narrow band pass filters of 8nm bandwidth, for ambient noise
Tentatively filtered；
Reflective spatial light modulator (7)：Using reflective spatial light modulator, pixel is 1920 × 1080, phase model
Enclose for 0 to 2 π, the rank of gray scale 256, modulating speed is not less than 60Hz, fill factor, curve factor is more than 80%；
Single-photon detector (10)：Si base Gm-APD single-photon detectors are selected, quantum efficiency is better than 60%@532nm, secretly
Count 50Hz, dead time 50ns.
Present embodiment using do not have in nature high-order orbital angular momentum signal photon (in nature only it is wired partially and
Circle is inclined, and orbital angular momentum is 0 and ± 1 respectively, without higher order ± 2, the photon signal of ± 3 ... orbital angular momentums) to transmitting
Laser pulse signal carries out high-order orbital angular momentum modulation, effective distinguishing signal and ambient noise, so as to be carried out to ambient noise
Complete inhibition.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of single photon ranging ambient noise filtering method modulated based on photon trajectory angular momentum, it is characterised in that：
The orbital angular momentum of transmission signal is modulated to m ranks, m>>1；
The inverse modulation of the orbital angular momentum progress-m ranks of the docking collection of letters number；
The ambient noise received in signal after inverse modulation is filtered using aperture diaphragm.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Using spiral phase plate by the orbital angular momentum of transmission signal
It is modulated to m ranks.
3. a kind of single photon range unit modulated based on photon trajectory angular momentum, it is characterised in that including synchronization control module
(1), pulse laser (2), 4F optical systems (3), spiral phase plate (4), optical transmitting system (5), receiving optics
(6), reflective spatial light modulator (7), completely reflecting mirror (8), aperture diaphragm (9), single-photon detector (10), timing circuit
And signal processing module (12) (11)；
The synchronization control module (1) is used to produce two-way identical signal, swashs all the way for pulse laser (2) transmitting
Light pulse signal, another road inputs to timing circuit (11) as timing initial signal；
The laser pulse signal of pulse laser (2) transmitting is sequentially passed through after 4F optical systems (3) and spiral phase plate (4), is passed through
Optical transmitting system (5) is launched；
The optical signals reflective spatial light modulator (7) that receiving optics (6) is received is demodulated, the light letter after demodulation
After the reflection and aperture diaphragm (9) for number sequentially passing through completely reflecting mirror (8) filter, into single-photon detector (10)；
The timer expiration signal that single-photon detector (10) is produced is sent to timing circuit (11), the meter of timing circuit (11) output
When result be sent to signal processing module (12), signal processing module (12) is handled the timing result, and will processing knot
Fruit feeds back to synchronization control module (1).
4. device according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Receiving optics (6) is connect using Cassegrain antenna formula
Optical system is received, and including narrow band pass filter.
5. the device according to claim 3 or 4, it is characterised in that：Single-photon detector (10) is mono- using Si bases Gm-APD
Photon detector.
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| CN109375233A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-02-22 | 江苏蓝缕机电液体化科技有限公司 | A kind of laser range finder based on light track angular momentum spatial reuse |
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| CN109375233A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-02-22 | 江苏蓝缕机电液体化科技有限公司 | A kind of laser range finder based on light track angular momentum spatial reuse |
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| CN111435161A (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2020-07-21 | 深圳市光鉴科技有限公司 | Laser radar system and optical system thereof |
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| CN110824433A (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2020-02-21 | 清华大学 | Electromagnetic wave quantum state orbital angular momentum radar detection and method |
| CN110824433B (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2021-11-23 | 清华大学 | Electromagnetic wave quantum state orbital angular momentum radar detection and method |
| CN112327279A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-02-05 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Anti-cloud-and-mist backscattering laser detection system based on orbital angular momentum modulation |
| CN112327279B (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2023-10-10 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Anti-cloud-and-fog back scattering laser detection system based on orbital angular momentum modulation |
| CN112946667A (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2021-06-11 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Noise filtering system for improving detection signal-to-noise ratio of laser radar based on photon orbital angular momentum |
| CN112859099A (en) * | 2021-02-25 | 2021-05-28 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | High-precision distance measuring system based on real-time compensation of annular separator in cloud and mist environment |
| CN112859099B (en) * | 2021-02-25 | 2023-11-10 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | High-precision ranging system based on real-time compensation of annular separator in cloud and fog environment |
| CN117047307A (en) * | 2023-08-31 | 2023-11-14 | 广东宏石激光技术股份有限公司 | Dynamic light spot cutting adjusting device and cutting method based on vortex light beams |
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