CN112904351B - Single-source positioning method based on quantum entanglement light correlation characteristic - Google Patents
Single-source positioning method based on quantum entanglement light correlation characteristic Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- WYOHGPUPVHHUGO-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium;oxygen(2-);titanium(4+);phosphate Chemical compound [O-2].[K+].[Ti+4].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O WYOHGPUPVHHUGO-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005314 correlation function Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005251 gamma ray Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005610 quantum mechanics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S17/08—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
- G01S17/10—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse-modulated waves
- G01S17/14—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse-modulated waves wherein a voltage or current pulse is initiated and terminated in accordance with the pulse transmission and echo reception respectively, e.g. using counters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
- G01S5/16—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a single-source positioning method based on quantum entanglement light correlation characteristics, which realizes high-precision positioning. Firstly, generating pumping light by using a laser, irradiating a periodically polarized potassium titanyl phosphate crystal, and generating reference photons and signal photons with entanglement characteristics through a spontaneous parametric down-conversion process; then, detecting the reference photon left in the local by using a single photon detector, transmitting the signal photon to the target to be positioned, and detecting the photon reflected by the target to be positioned by using another single photon detector; secondly, coincidence counting is carried out on a time tag sequence recorded by utilizing an acquisition circuit to obtain a second-order correlation characteristic curve, and delay corresponding to a peak value of the second-order correlation characteristic curve is the transmission time difference of the two photons, so that the distance from a local access point to a target to be positioned is calculated; and finally, obtaining an included angle between the local access point and the target to be positioned by utilizing the turntable, and realizing target positioning by combining the distance information of the target to be positioned.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of quanta, and particularly relates to a method for positioning by utilizing the correlation characteristic of quanta entangled light, wherein the positioning precision can exceed the classical measurement limit and has good safety.
Background
The distance measurement technology is used as a basic technology for realizing the positioning and navigation of unknown targets, and is closely related to various aspects of people living, national defense construction, aerospace detection and the like. In the daily life of people, the normal operation of various application satellites and spacecrafts in travel traffic, mobile phone positioning, missile guidance and battleship inspection in national military defense, and even near-earth space are closely related to the ranging technology.
In the conventional ranging technology, a ranging signal is transmitted to a target object, the signal is reflected back to a transmitting end through the target object, and the time difference between an echo signal and the transmitting signal is calculated, so that the distance between the target object and the transmitting end can be obtained. Conventional ranging techniques include electromagnetic ranging, ultrasonic ranging, optical ranging, and the like. However, the electromagnetic wave ranging performance is easily limited by classical noise limit, bandwidth and power, the ranging accuracy is generally not high at Yu Mi level, and the problems of easy interception, deception, poor confidentiality and the like exist; the ultrasonic ranging range is usually between 5 meters and 10 meters, the ranging accuracy is greatly influenced by the environment and the transmitting power, and a detection blind area exists; the accuracy of light wave ranging is related to parameters such as the frequency and width of light pulses, typically in the order of centimeters, but is not suitable for long distance ranging and is easily deceived by an attacker. The ranging precision in the traditional ranging technology is limited by a standard quantum limit or a shot noise limit, and the requirements of people on high-precision positioning service cannot be well met. Therefore, new ideas and methods are necessary for further development of positioning technology, so that quantum positioning technology based on quantum mechanics theory and quantum information theory is an emerging direction of future navigation positioning technology.
The quantum positioning technology utilizes the second-order correlation characteristic of entangled photon pairs through transmitting and receiving, performs coincidence counting on two paths of entangled photons collected in a certain time, and extracts an arrival time difference by combining the Einstein time synchronization method and the strong correlation of a quantum entangled source, so that the absolute time difference precision reaches the picosecond level, and the positioning precision reaches the centimeter level. At present, related researches indicate that the precision limit of the existing measurement system can be broken through by utilizing quantum entanglement and quantum unclonable principles in quantum technology, and the positioning precision, image resolution, anti-interference and anti-deception performances, detection distance and sensitivity are greatly improved, so that the requirements of people are better met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a single-source positioning method based on quantum entanglement light correlation characteristics. Compared with the traditional positioning method, the quantum entanglement characteristic and the second-order correlation characteristic of entangled photons are utilized to count two paths of entangled photons acquired in a certain time, so that picosecond time synchronization error precision can be achieved, and positioning precision is further improved.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that: and a quantum entanglement source receiving and transmitting detection device is utilized, and is placed on a turntable to rotate, so that a target to be positioned is positioned. The method comprises the following specific steps:
step one: generating high-quality pump light by using a semiconductor laser with a wavelength of 405 nm;
step two: a telescope system is formed by lenses with focal lengths of 300mm and 75mm respectively, pumping light generated by a laser is subjected to optical field compression, stray light contained in the pumping light is filtered by a high-pass filter with the wavelength of 810nm, and pure pumping light is obtained;
step three: the method comprises the steps of (1) incidence of pumping light into a periodically polarized potassium titanyl phosphate (Periodically Poled KTP, PPKTP) crystal, and parametric down-conversion of photons in a light beam occurs at a certain probability to obtain entangled two-photon pairs;
step four: reflecting the unconverted pump light through a high-pass total reflection mirror with a reflection wavelength of 405nm and separating entangled photon pairs with a polarizing beam splitter allowing passage of 810 nm;
step five: filtering interference light in the environment by using an interference filter with the wavelength of 810nm, and collecting entangled photons by using an optical fiber coupler;
step six: dividing the entangled photon into a reference photon and a signal photon by using a polarization beam splitter, transmitting the signal photon to a target to be positioned through a space channel, and reserving the reference photon locally;
step seven: detecting signal photons returned by the target to be positioned by using a single photon detector 1, and detecting reference photons left locally by using a single photon detector 2;
step eight: coincidence measurement is carried out on two paths of photons detected by the single photon detectors 1 and 2, a coincidence counting maximum value is found, and the distance between a target to be positioned and a quantum entanglement source receiving and transmitting detection device (namely a local access point) is obtained according to the flight time of the photons;
step nine: and obtaining an included angle between the target to be positioned and the local access point by utilizing the turntable, and realizing target positioning by combining the distance information of the target to be positioned.
The step eight comprises the following steps:
step eight (one): in the acquisition time T, carrying out data acquisition on two paths of level pulse signals with a certain delay time to obtain two paths of time sequences, and calibrating a reference light path CH1 and a signal light path CH2 according to different marker bits;
step eight (two): taking a signal light path CH2 as a basic sequence, and adding a given delay value tau to each time sequence point of another path of data CH 1;
step eight (three): in a given coincidence gate width delta, coincidence counting is carried out on two paths of sequences CH1 and CH2 once, and coincidence counting value n (tau) generated by the delay tau is recorded;
step eight (four): and obtaining a new delay time tau 'according to the set delay increasing step s, wherein tau' =tau+s. Returning to the eighth step (II) to obtain a current coincidence count value n (tau');
step eight (fifth): when a given maximum number of cycles n is reached max When the coincidence counting is finished;
step eight (six): converting the coincidence count values obtained in all the cycle times into normalized second-order correlation function values to obtain normalized second-order correlation function values g corresponding to different delays tau (2) Discrete points (τ, g) of (τ) (2) (τ))；
Step eight (seven): using least squares algorithm, the discrete points (τ, g (2) (τ)) is fitted to the curve, and the abscissa delay value Δτ corresponding to the peak of the curve is the arrival time difference between the two entangled photons. The distance L of the local access point to the target to be located can be expressed as:
wherein c is the speed of light;
the step nine comprises the following steps:
step nine (one): the quantum entanglement source receiving and transmitting detection device is placed on the turntable, and the 0-degree direction of the turntable is defined as the reference direction of the turntable. Continuously emitting signal photons to detect a target in the rotating process of the turntable, and recording the angle between the emitting direction of the signal photons and the reference direction when the count value reaches the maximum value, and taking the angle as an included angle theta between the target to be positioned and the local access point;
step nine (two): setting the position coordinates of the target to be positioned and the local access point to be (x, y) and (x) 0 ,y 0 ) The following set of positioning equations is established:
solving the equation set to obtain the estimated position of the target to be positioned:
drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a quantum entanglement light source preparation embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the quantum ranging principle of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of coincidence counting in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a coincidence counting flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a one-time coincidence counting flow chart of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of the target goniometer of the present invention.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures:
the method comprises the following specific steps:
step one: generating high-quality pump light by using a semiconductor laser with a wavelength of 405 nm;
step two: a telescope system is formed by lenses with focal lengths of 300mm and 75mm respectively, pumping light generated by a laser is subjected to optical field compression, stray light contained in the pumping light is filtered by a high-pass filter with the wavelength of 810nm, and pure pumping light is obtained;
step three: the method comprises the steps of (1) incidence of pumping light into a periodically polarized potassium titanyl phosphate (Periodically Poled KTP, PPKTP) crystal, and parametric down-conversion of photons in a light beam occurs at a certain probability to obtain entangled two-photon pairs;
step four: reflecting the unconverted pump light through a high-pass total reflection mirror with a reflection wavelength of 405nm and separating entangled photon pairs with a polarizing beam splitter allowing passage of light with a wavelength of 810 nm;
step five: filtering interference light in the environment by using an interference filter with the wavelength of 810nm, and collecting entangled photons by using an optical fiber coupler;
step six: dividing the entangled photon into a reference photon and a signal photon by using a polarization beam splitter, transmitting the signal photon to a target to be positioned through a space channel, and keeping the reference photon in a local place, wherein the signal photon and the reference photon have the same light intensity I and satisfy the following conditions:
wherein, symbol "≡indicates that d is proportional to the crystal length, c is the speed of light, and Δk is the phase mismatch amount, satisfying:
wherein k is p Representing the pump light wave vector, k i Representing the reference wave vector, k s Representing a signal light wave vector, wherein Λ is a polarization period, and 2pi/Λ is a grating wave vector;
step seven: detecting signal photons returned by the target to be positioned by using a single photon detector 1, and detecting reference photons left locally by using a single photon detector 2;
step eight: and carrying out coincidence measurement on the two paths of photons detected by the single photon detectors 1 and 2, and finding out a coincidence counting maximum value. Setting the acquisition time T as 10ms, carrying out data acquisition on two paths of level pulse signals with a certain delay time to obtain two paths of time sequences, marking a reference light path CH1 and a signal light path CH2 according to different marker bits, taking the signal light path CH2 as a basic sequence, and adding a given delay value tau to each time sequence point of the other path of data CH 1.
Step nine: the two paths of sequences CH1 and CH2 are subjected to coincidence counting once under the condition of time delay tau, the coincidence gate width parameter delta is set to be 0.2ns, and when the coincidence gate width delta is far smaller than the coherence time tau of the optical field to be detected c I.e. satisfying delta < tau c In this case, the count value n (τ) and the ideal second-order correlation function g are satisfied once 2 (τ) satisfies the following relationship:
wherein R is 1 And R is 2 Photon count rates for single photon detectors 1 and 2, respectively; gamma ray 1 And gamma 2 The sum of the dark count rate and the ambient noise induced count rate of the single photon detectors 1 and 2, respectively. G is obtainable from the above (2) The expression of (τ) is:
when R is i ＞＞γ i When (i=1, 2), the relation between the normalized second-order correlation function and the coincidence count value can be simplified to obtain:
by means of
Converting the coincidence count n (tau) value obtained in all the circulation times into a normalized second-order correlation function g (2) (τ) value.
Step ten: using a least squares fitting algorithm, the discrete points (τ, g (2) (τ)) is fitted to the curve, and the peak value of the curve corresponds toThe abscissa delay value delta tau is the time difference of arrival between two entangled photons. The distance L of the local access point to the target can be expressed as:
step eleven: and obtaining an included angle between the target to be positioned and the local access point by utilizing the turntable, and realizing target positioning by combining the distance information of the target to be positioned.
The eleventh step comprises the following steps:
step eleven (one): the quantum entanglement source receiving and transmitting detection device is placed on the turntable, and the 0-degree direction of the turntable is defined as the reference direction of the turntable. Continuously emitting signal photons to detect a target in the rotating process of the turntable, and recording the angle between the emitting direction of the signal photons and the reference direction when the count value reaches the maximum value, and taking the angle as an included angle theta between the target to be positioned and the local access point;
step eleven (two): setting the position coordinates of the target to be positioned and the local access point to be (x, y) and (x) 0 ,y 0 ) The following set of positioning equations is established:
solving the equation set to obtain the estimated position of the target to be positioned:
Claims (1)
1. a single source positioning method based on quantum entanglement light association characteristics is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one: generating high-quality pump light by using a semiconductor laser with a wavelength of 405 nm;
step two: a telescope system is formed by lenses with focal lengths of 300mm and 75mm respectively, pumping light generated by a laser is subjected to optical field compression, stray light contained in the pumping light is filtered by a high-pass filter with the wavelength of 810nm, and pure pumping light is obtained;
step three: the method comprises the steps of (1) incidence of pumping light into a periodically polarized potassium titanyl phosphate (Periodically Poled KTP, PPKTP) crystal, and parametric down-conversion of photons in a light beam occurs at a certain probability to obtain entangled two-photon pairs;
step four: reflecting the unconverted pump light through a high-pass total reflection mirror with a reflection wavelength of 405nm and separating entangled photon pairs with a polarizing beam splitter allowing passage of 810 nm;
step five: filtering interference light in the environment by using an interference filter with the wavelength of 810nm, and collecting entangled photons by using an optical fiber coupler;
step six: dividing the entangled photon into a reference photon and a signal photon by using a polarization beam splitter, transmitting the signal photon to a target to be positioned through a space channel, and reserving the reference photon locally;
step seven: detecting signal photons returned by the target to be positioned by using a single photon detector 1, and detecting reference photons left locally by using a single photon detector 2;
step eight: carrying out coincidence measurement on two paths of photons detected by the single photon detectors 1 and 2, finding a coincidence counting maximum value, and acquiring the distance between a target to be positioned and a quantum entanglement source receiving and transmitting detection device according to the flight time of the photons;
step nine: obtaining an included angle between a target to be positioned and a local access point by utilizing a turntable, and combining distance information of the target to be positioned to realize target positioning;
the step eight comprises the following steps:
step eight (one): in the acquisition time T, carrying out data acquisition on two paths of level pulse signals with a certain delay time to obtain two paths of time sequences, and calibrating a reference light path CH1 and a signal light path CH2 according to different marker bits;
step eight (two): taking a signal light path CH2 as a basic sequence, and adding a given delay value tau to each time sequence point of another path of data CH 1;
step eight (three): in a given coincidence gate width delta, coincidence counting is carried out on two paths of sequences CH1 and CH2 once, and coincidence counting value n (tau) generated by the delay tau is recorded;
step eight (four): obtaining new delay time tau ' according to the set delay increasing step s, wherein tau ' =tau+s, and returning to the step eight (two) to obtain the current coincidence count value n (tau ');
step eight (fifth): when a given maximum number of cycles n is reached max When the coincidence counting is finished;
step eight (six): converting the coincidence count values obtained in all the cycle times into normalized second-order correlation function values to obtain normalized second-order correlation function values g corresponding to different delays tau (2) Discrete points (τ, g) of (τ) (2) (τ))；
Step eight (seven): using least squares algorithm, the discrete points (τ, g (2) (τ)) to perform curve fitting, where the abscissa delay value Δτ corresponding to the curve peak is the arrival time difference between two entangled photons, and where the distance L from the local access point to the target to be located can be expressed as:
wherein c is the speed of light;
the step nine comprises the following steps:
step nine (one): the quantum entanglement source receiving and transmitting detection device is placed on a turntable, the 0-degree direction of the turntable is defined as the reference direction of the turntable, signal photons are continuously emitted to detect a target in the rotation process of the turntable, and when the count value reaches the maximum value, the angle between the emission direction of the signal photons and the reference direction at the moment is recorded and is used as an included angle theta between the target to be positioned and a local access point;
step nine (two): setting the position coordinates of the target to be positioned and the local access point to be (x, y) and (y) respectively(x 0 ,y 0 ) The following set of positioning equations is established:
solving the equation set to obtain the estimated position of the target to be positioned:
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| CN101937072A (en) * | 2010-07-30 | 2011-01-05 | 西安电子科技大学 | Global positioning system and method based on quantum characteristics |
| CN103675801A (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2014-03-26 | 上海交通大学 | Navigation and distance measurement system on basis of quantum entanglement light and method for implementing navigation and distance measurement system |
| CN108646257A (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-10-12 | 中国科学技术大学 | Satellite-based quantum ranging based on three quantum satellites and an earth station and positioning system |
| CN110187349A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2019-08-30 | 中国科学技术大学 | Ranging and positioning system based on star base unit weight subsatellite |
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| US7375802B2 (en) * | 2005-08-04 | 2008-05-20 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Radar systems and methods using entangled quantum particles |
| GB2470069A (en) * | 2009-05-08 | 2010-11-10 | Hewlett Packard Development Co | Quantum Repeater and System and Method for Creating Extended Entanglements |
| EP3361516B1 (en) * | 2017-02-08 | 2019-12-18 | Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC) | Device for emitting single photons or entangled photon pairs |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101937072A (en) * | 2010-07-30 | 2011-01-05 | 西安电子科技大学 | Global positioning system and method based on quantum characteristics |
| CN103675801A (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2014-03-26 | 上海交通大学 | Navigation and distance measurement system on basis of quantum entanglement light and method for implementing navigation and distance measurement system |
| CN108646257A (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-10-12 | 中国科学技术大学 | Satellite-based quantum ranging based on three quantum satellites and an earth station and positioning system |
| CN110187349A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2019-08-30 | 中国科学技术大学 | Ranging and positioning system based on star base unit weight subsatellite |
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