CN106937348A - Underwater wireless Sensor Network network-building method and underwater wireless sensing net node device - Google Patents
Underwater wireless Sensor Network network-building method and underwater wireless sensing net node device Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
- H04W36/24—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters
- H04W36/30—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by measured or perceived connection quality data
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- H04B10/075—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems using an in-service signal
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- H04B10/0795—Performance monitoring; Measurement of transmission parameters
- H04B10/07953—Monitoring or measuring OSNR, BER or Q
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of underwater wireless Sensor Network network-building method and underwater wireless sensing net node device, the network-building method is comprised the following steps：（1）, first node using sound communication pattern to Section Point send request signal；（2）, after Section Point receives the request signal from first node, clear to send signal is sent with sound communication pattern to other all nodes under water；（3）, light beam training is carried out to each transmitting-receiving face of first node and Section Point；（4）, judge whether signal to noise ratio snr (p, q) reaches optic communication snr threshold；（5）, according to whether reach optic communication snr threshold selection optic communication or sound communication.Network-building method of the invention, when optic communication coverage is unable to reach or channel status can not realize high-speed transfer, the data that sound link is gathered as reserve link with low-speed mode transmission sensor.By training transmitting-receiving face, by the way of orientation optic communication sends, it is possible to increase transmission range.
Description
Technical field
It is to be related to a kind of underwater wireless based on optoacoustic fusion specifically the present invention relates to wireless communication technology field
Sensor Network network-building method and underwater wireless sensing net node device.
Background technology
It is the international overall background of current ocean science development that ocean great power rivalry, strategic resource competition and blueness are enclosed the land.Build
If underwater wireless Sensor Network（Underwater Wireless Sensor Network, abbreviation UWSN）, there is provided high time-space resolution
Rate, the marine exploration data of big spatial and temporal scales are developed for strengthening ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING, marine energy, scientific research of seas
With high-tech development, safeguard national marine rights and interests and safety, promote national economy sustainable development to be significant.
Underwater acoustic communication is presently the most ripe underwater wireless communication and networking technology, but the intrinsic propagation of underwater sound communication
The shortcomings of postponing big, low transmission rate and big power consumption causes that underwater sound wireless sense network can only transmit low capacity data, and can not be high
The Large Volume Datas such as speed transmission video or image.But the sharpest edges of underwater sound communication are to be capable of achieving transmission range and signal can farther out
Broadcast type is propagated, and this is for realizing that networking has great importance under water on a large scale.
Underwater wireless optic communication is a kind of communication mode using light wave as information carrier.Seawater is to 450~550nm wave bands
Interior blue green light attenuation ratio decays much smaller to other optical bands.Wireless light communication is with two-forty, low-power consumption, reduced size and guarantor
Close property is good and famous, and the maximum deficiency of submarine optical communication is shorter transmission range, is not suitable under water networking on a large scale.But it is remote
Distance Transmission and networking are a pair factors for mutually pining down, and are easy to networking using omnidirectional's optical transport but decay under water because of light serious
Cause transmission range to be greatly lowered, using orientation optic communication can increase transmission range but bring networking hardly possible problem, use sound for
Carrier transmission information can increase transmission range, and networking complexity is also low simultaneously, cannot but meet real time high-speed vedio data biography
Defeated demand.
The content of the invention
The present invention is in order to solve existing underwater wireless sensing network communication when the data of big data quantity are transmitted, according to complete
It is easy to networking to optical transport but decays under water because of light seriously cause transmission range to be greatly lowered, can be increased using orientation optic communication
Big transmission range but brings networking hardly possible problem, uses sound to increase transmission range networking complexity simultaneously for carrier transmission information
It is low, cannot but meet the problem of the demand of real time high-speed vedio data transmission, it is proposed that a kind of water based on optoacoustic fusion
Lower wireless sense network network-building method, can solve the above problems.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention is achieved using following technical scheme：
A kind of underwater wireless Sensor Network network-building method based on optoacoustic fusion, the underwater wireless Sensor Network is at least included in control
The heart, aggregation node, mobile node and stationary nodes, the stationary nodes are fixed on seabed, the mobile node suspend or
Float on marine, the stationary nodes or mobile node complete Data Collection and carry out multi-hop to send successively to layer disposed thereon
Other nodes, be eventually sent to the control centre, the node of underwater wireless Sensor Network two is comprised the following steps when communicating：
（1）, first node using sound communication pattern to Section Point send request signal；
（2）, after Section Point receives the request signal from first node, sent out with sound communication pattern to other all nodes under water
Go out clear to send signal, show that the Section Point is ready for ready reception, and other all nodes suspend to the Section Point
Send data；
（3）, after first node receives clear to send signal, each the transmitting-receiving face to first node and Section Point carries out light beam instruction
Practice, obtain the optimal transmitting-receiving face of first node and Section Point, respectively p, q, and obtain optimal transmitting-receiving face p and optimal transmitting-receiving
Signal to noise ratio snr (p, q) when face q communicates；
（4）, judge whether signal to noise ratio snr (p, q) reaches optic communication snr threshold；
（5）If, reach optic communication snr threshold, entered using optical communication modes by optimal transmitting-receiving face p and optimal transmitting-receiving face q
Row valid data communicate, if not up to optic communication snr threshold, valid data communication is carried out using sound communication pattern.
Further, step（5）It is further comprising the steps of afterwards：
（6）, in valid data communication process signal to noise ratio detection is carried out every the set time, if current optic communication signal to noise ratio is less than
Then self adaptation switches to sound communication pattern to optic communication snr threshold, and valid data communication process is being carried out using sound communication pattern
In, continuation switches to optical communication modes every the set time carries out OSNR detection, if current OSNR exceedes optic communication
Then self adaptation rests on optical communication modes to snr threshold, otherwise continues to switch back to sound communication pattern.
Further, step（6）It is further comprising the steps of afterwards：
（7）, be sent when all data frames of packet in first node, and after Section Point is all received, Section Point
Sent with sound communication pattern to other all nodes under water and confirm character signal, notify that first node and other nodes have been received
Finish, this time send reception process and terminate.
Further, also including carrying out list by using three underwater sound receive transducers to all nodes every the set time
The step of base station two-dimensional localization, to obtain the two-dimensional level relative position coordinates relative with control centre, is sensed by Underwater Pressure
Device obtains third dimension vertical coordinate, then the current absolute position of all nodes is obtained according to control centre absolute position, in step
Suddenly（5）In carry out valid data communicate when, first node simultaneously to Section Point send comprising absolute location information spy
Survey data.
Further, step（3）The acquisition methods in the optimal transmitting-receiving face of middle first node and Section Point include following step
Suddenly,
（31）, first node processor control respectively its light path control device by light send face 1, light send face 2, until light send out
Face M directive sending light training sequences are sent, when face transmission light training sequence is sent by each light, the processor control of Section Point
Its light path control device is respectively by light receiving surface 1, light receiving surface 2, until the light that light receiving surface N directional receptions send trains sequence
Row, and the signal to noise ratio snr (i, j) that each light receiving surface receives signal is recorded, wherein, i=1,2 ... M；J=1,2 ... N, represent first segment
Point sends face i and sends by light, and Section Point receives the signal to noise ratio of signal by light receiving surface j, and M, N are the integer more than 1；
（32）, maximum signal to noise ratio SNR (p, q) is found out from signal to noise ratio snr (i, j), and it is corresponding optimal to record maximum signal to noise ratio
Transmitting-receiving face p, q.
When further, using sound communication pattern, signal modulation coded system is compiled using PPM modulation and TURBO channels
Code.
When further, using optical communication modes, modulation coding mode uses QAM modulation and RS channel codings.
Based on above-mentioned underwater wireless Sensor Network network-building method, the present invention proposes a kind of underwater wireless Sensor Network section simultaneously
Point device, including shell and the processor being arranged in the shell, the acoustic communication circuit, the light that are connected with the processor respectively
Telecommunication circuit, underwater sensor information collecting interface circuit, electric power management circuit, the acoustic communication circuit include that the underwater sound sends and change
Energy device, underwater sound receive transducer, sound encoder circuit, sound decoding circuit, the sound encoder are electrically connected to the processor and institute
State the underwater sound send transducer between, the sound decoding circuit be connected to the underwater sound receive transducer and the process circuit it
Between, the optical communication circuit includes optical transmitter, optical receiver, optical modulator, optical demodulator, light path control device, pumped FIR laser electricity
Road, optical decoding circuit, the pumped FIR laser circuit are connected with the processor, described optical modulator one end and the pumped FIR laser circuit
Connection, other end is connected with the light path control device, and the optical decoding circuit is connected with the processor, the optical demodulator
It is connected between the light path control device and the optical decoding circuit, there are several light to receive and dispatch face, the light on the shell
Road controller is used for the one of light transmitting-receiving face of control selections carries out optical signal transceiver, is communicated between two sensing net node devices
When comprise the following steps：
（1）, first node using sound communication pattern to Section Point send request signal；
（2）, after Section Point receives the request signal from first node, sent out with sound communication pattern to other all nodes under water
Go out clear to send signal, show that the Section Point is ready for ready reception, and other all nodes suspend to the Section Point
Send data；
（3）, after first node receives clear to send signal, each the transmitting-receiving face to first node and Section Point carries out light beam instruction
Practice, obtain the optimal transmitting-receiving face of first node and Section Point, respectively p, q, and obtain optimal transmitting-receiving face p and optimal transmitting-receiving
Signal to noise ratio snr (p, q) when face q communicates；
（4）, judge whether signal to noise ratio snr (p, q) reaches optic communication snr threshold；
（5）If, reach optic communication snr threshold, entered using optical communication modes by optimal transmitting-receiving face p and optimal transmitting-receiving face q
Row valid data communicate, if not up to optic communication snr threshold, valid data communication is carried out using sound communication pattern.
Further, several light transmitting-receiving face is uniformly laid in the case surface, constitutes regular polygon structure, respectively
Light is provided with lens on transmitting-receiving face, is sent for light aggregation and light assembles reception.
Further, the underwater sound receive transducer has three, fixed for this node apparatus to be carried out with single base station two dimension
Position obtains the third dimension and vertically sits to obtain the two-dimensional level relative position coordinates at relation control center, by Underwater Pressure sensor
Mark.
Compared with prior art, advantages and positive effects of the present invention are：It is of the invention based on optoacoustic fusion under water without
Line Sensor Network network-building method, first, using tree topology, the group of control centre is uploaded to using bottom layer node data multi-hop
Net strategy, stationary nodes or mobile node complete Data Collection and reach upper strata mobile node, and then layering reaches convergence section
Point is processed by control centre.Secondly, optical link is used for closely mass data high speed radio transmission（Such as video, image）, sound chain
Road is used to transmit control command and node locating.When optic communication coverage be unable to reach or channel status can not realize at a high speed pass
When defeated, the data that sound link is gathered as reserve link with low-speed mode transmission sensor.Again, by training transmitting-receiving face, light
During communication by the way of directive sending, it is possible to increase transmission range.
After the detailed description of embodiment of the present invention is read in conjunction with the figure, the other features and advantages of the invention will become more
Plus it is clear.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing
The accompanying drawing to be used needed for having technology description is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only this
Some embodiments of invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can be with
Other accompanying drawings are obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is two node self-adapting optoacoustics under the underwater wireless Sensor Network reclaimed water based on optoacoustic fusion proposed by the invention
Switch a kind of embodiment flow chart of communication；
Fig. 2 is a kind of embodiment functional-block diagram of underwater wireless sensing net node device proposed by the invention；
Fig. 3 be underwater wireless sensing net node device proposed by the invention a kind of embodiment in profile structural representation；
Fig. 4 be underwater wireless sensing net node device proposed by the invention a kind of embodiment in light transmitting-receiving face communication illustrate
Figure；
Fig. 5 is that a kind of of the underwater wireless Sensor Network network-building method based on optoacoustic fusion proposed by the invention implements interior joint point
Cloth schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation is described, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is every other that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made
Embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment one
The present embodiment proposes a kind of underwater wireless Sensor Network network-building method based on optoacoustic fusion, and this method uses tree topology
Structure, the networks trategy of control centre is uploaded to using bottom layer node data multi-hop.As shown in figure 5, underwater wireless Sensor Network is extremely
Include control centre 20, aggregation node 21, mobile node 22 and stationary nodes 23 less, stationary nodes are fixed on seabed, it is mobile
Node suspends or floats on marine, and stationary nodes or mobile node complete Data Collection and then be layered to reach layer disposed thereon
Other nodes and aggregation node, be eventually sent to control centre and processed, in view of submarine optical communication speed high power consumption is small
The characteristics of underwater sensing net closely mass data high speed radio transmission is used for using optic communication（Such as video, image）, in view of water
Lower sound communication transmission range is long, signal can wide area propagate characteristic water under Sensor Network using sound communication be used for transmit control command and
Node locating.When optic communication coverage is unable to reach or channel status can not realize high-speed optical transmission, sound link is used as standby
The data gathered with low-speed mode transmission sensor with link.This method will make Underwater Optical sound communication it is each to the greatest extent the chief, be under water without
Line Sensor Network field provides new technological approaches and theoretical method.In the present embodiment, as shown in figure 1, underwater wireless Sensor Network two
Node is comprised the following steps when communicating：
S1, first node send request signal using sound communication pattern to Section Point；Because request signal data volume is small, can be with
Make full use of that underwater acoustic communication transmission range is long, signal can the characteristic propagated of wide area, using sound communication pattern transfer request signal.
After S2, Section Point receive the request signal from first node, to other all nodes under water with sound communication mould
Formula sends clear to send signal, shows that the Section Point is ready for ready reception, and other all nodes suspend to described second
Node sends data；In order to improve the stability that signal is transmitted in water, a preferably a pair of transmission a, that is to say, that reception
Node can only be received and come from the signal that a transmitting node sends simultaneously.
After S3, first node receive clear to send signal, each the transmitting-receiving face to first node and Section Point carries out light
Shu Xunlian, obtains the optimal transmitting-receiving face of first node and Section Point, respectively p, q, and obtains optimal transmitting-receiving face p and optimal
Signal to noise ratio snr (p, q) when transmitting-receiving face q communicates；By training transmitting-receiving face, during optic communication by the way of directive sending, can increase
Big transmission range.
S4, judge whether signal to noise ratio snr (p, q) reaches optic communication snr threshold；
If S5, reaching optic communication snr threshold, entered using optical communication modes by optimal transmitting-receiving face p and optimal transmitting-receiving face q
Row valid data communicate, if not up to optic communication snr threshold, valid data communication is carried out using sound communication pattern.Light chain
Road is used for closely mass data high speed radio transmission（Such as video, image）, sound link is used to transmit control command and node is fixed
Position.When optic communication coverage is unable to reach or channel status can not realize high-speed transfer, sound link as reserve link with
The data of low-speed mode transmission sensor collection.Make full use of submarine optical communication speed high power consumption small and underwater acoustic communication transmission
Distance, signal can wide area propagate advantage.
When using optic communication, high-speed data acquisition（Video and view data）It is preferred that it is the communication of carrier to use blue green light
Mode.
Because underwater environment may change at any time, accordingly, it would be desirable to channel status test periodically is carried out, to be adapted
Adjustment flashlight or sound communication pattern, to ensure communication quality, reduce the bit error rate of signal transmission.
It is further comprising the steps of after step S5：
S6, in valid data communication process signal to noise ratio detection is carried out every the set time, if current optic communication signal to noise ratio is less than
Then self adaptation switches to sound communication pattern to optic communication snr threshold, and valid data communication process is being carried out using sound communication pattern
In, continuation switches to optical communication modes every the set time carries out OSNR detection, if OSNR exceedes optic communication noise
Than threshold value, then self adaptation rests on optical communication modes, otherwise continues to switch back to sound communication pattern.
It is further comprising the steps of after step S6：
S7, be sent when all data frames of packet in first node, and after Section Point is all received, Section Point to
Other all nodes are sent with sound communication pattern and confirm character signal under water, notify that first node and other nodes are received,
Reception process is this time sent to terminate.
By the various data that node is gathered have more valuable Research Significance when its positional information is combined, due to
Drive marine reason, mobile node can with ocean current occur change in location, therefore, also including every the set time to all nodes
The step of carrying out single architecture, obtains the current absolute position of all nodes, when carrying out valid data communication in step s 5,
First node is sent including the detection data including its absolute location information to Section Point simultaneously.In the present embodiment, save under water
Point location sends part and sends using the aggregation node sound of node under water, single architecture strategy that three sound reception parts are received
Obtain node two dimension relative position information, with reference to Underwater Pressure sensor obtain vertical position information after according to control centre position
Put acquisition node absolute position under water.Control centre should possess GPS or BEI-DOU position system, to obtain the absolute position of control centre
Confidence ceases, and then for being positioned according to relative position information to other nodes.
Single base station two-dimensional localization is carried out by using three underwater sound receive transducers to all nodes every the set time
Step obtains the third dimension and hangs down to obtain the two-dimensional level relative position coordinates relative with control centre, by Underwater Pressure sensor
Straight coordinate, then obtains the current absolute position of all nodes according to control centre absolute position, carries out in step s 5 effectively
During data communication, first node sends its detection data for including absolute location information to Section Point simultaneously.
This method interior joint device, preferably receives and dispatches the near-spherical polyhedral structure in face, the transmitting-receiving of each light with several light
Face realizes that light aggregation is sent and aggregation is received comprising lens, directional beam can be sent by specifying light to receive and dispatch face, in step S3
The acquisition methods in the optimal transmitting-receiving face of first node and Section Point are comprised the following steps：
S31, the processor of first node control its light path control device by light transmission face 1, light transmission face 2, until light is sent out respectively
Face M directive sending light training sequences are sent, when face transmission light training sequence is sent by each light, the processor control of Section Point
Its light path control device is respectively by light receiving surface 1, light receiving surface 2, until the light that light receiving surface N directional receptions send trains sequence
Row, and the signal to noise ratio snr (i, j) that each light receiving surface receives signal is recorded, wherein, i=1,2 ... M；J=1,2 ... N, represent first segment
Point sends face i and sends by light, and Section Point receives the signal to noise ratio of signal by light receiving surface j, and M, N are the integer more than 1；
S32, maximum signal to noise ratio SNR (p, q) is found out from signal to noise ratio snr (i, j), and record the corresponding optimal receipts of maximum signal to noise ratio
Fermentation p, q.
PSK is modulated namely phase-shift keying (PSK) modulation, with energy transmission efficiency is high, strong antijamming capability the features such as, using PSK
Modulation can increase communication distance.TURBO yards, close to random code, there is a good range performance, thus have stronger antidamping and
Antijamming capability.The TURBO yards of performance after ideal intertexture in additive white Gaussian noise channel has several points compared with uncoded
The gain of shellfish, as long as receiving function detects which frequency is interfered, and deletion error-correcting decoding is carried out to signal, then can obtain
To other yard of unapproachable performance, thus it is particularly suitable for adverse circumstances and telecommunication.During using sound communication pattern,
Signal modulation coded system uses PPM modulation and TURBO channel codings, and system transfer rate surpasses up to 4kbps, communication distance
Cross 50 meters.
QAM（Quadrature Amplitude Modulation, QAM）Modulation namely quadrature amplitude modulation, by phase
Jointly control with amplitude and obtain higher frequency spectrum efficiency, so that the data of transmitted in band higher rate can be being limited.RS yards
（Reed-solomon codes, RS yard）Error-correcting performance is moderate, also has very much preferable error-correcting performance and RS yards hard in short-term in code length
Part is realized relatively easy, and in short-range communication, error rate of system is relatively low.Consider system and realize difficulty and hardware resource
Expenditure Levels, RS yards is selected in optic communication as channel coding method.During using optical communication modes, preferred modulating-coding
Mode uses QAM modulation and RS channel codings.
Embodiment two
Based on the underwater wireless Sensor Network network-building method in embodiment one, the present embodiment proposes a kind of underwater wireless Sensor Network section
Point device, as shown in Fig. 2 being node apparatus internal structure functional-block diagram, including shell（Not shown in Fig. 2）With setting outside
Processor in shell, the acoustic communication circuit being connected with processor respectively, optical communication circuit, underwater sensor information collecting interface electricity
Road, electric power management circuit, acoustic communication circuit include that the underwater sound sends transducer, underwater sound receive transducer, sound encoder circuit, sound decoding
Circuit, sound encoder is electrically connected between processor and underwater sound transmission transducer, and sound decoding circuit is connected to the underwater sound and receives transducing
Between device and process circuit, optical communication circuit includes optical transmitter, optical receiver, optical modulator, optical demodulator, light path control
Device, pumped FIR laser circuit, optical decoding circuit, pumped FIR laser circuit are connected with the processor, optical modulator one end and pumped FIR laser circuit
Connection, other end is connected with light path control device, and optical decoding circuit is connected with processor, and optical demodulator is connected to light path control device
There are several light to receive and dispatch face between optical decoding circuit, on shell, light path control device is used for the one of light of control selections and receives
Fermentation carries out optical signal transceiver, is comprised the following steps when being communicated between two sensing net node devices：
S1, first node send request signal using sound communication pattern to Section Point；
After S2, Section Point receive the request signal from first node, sent out with sound communication pattern to other all nodes under water
Go out clear to send signal, show that the Section Point is ready for ready reception, and other all nodes suspend to the Section Point
Send data；
After S3, first node receive clear to send signal, each the transmitting-receiving face to first node and Section Point carries out light beam instruction
Practice, obtain the optimal transmitting-receiving face of first node and Section Point, respectively p, q, and obtain optimal transmitting-receiving face p and optimal transmitting-receiving
Signal to noise ratio snr (p, q) when face q communicates；
S4, judge whether signal to noise ratio snr (p, q) reaches optic communication snr threshold；
If S5, reaching optic communication snr threshold, entered using optical communication modes by optimal transmitting-receiving face p and optimal transmitting-receiving face q
Row valid data communicate, if not up to optic communication snr threshold, valid data communication is carried out using sound communication pattern.
As shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, several light transmitting-receiving face is uniformly laid in the surface of shell 10, constitutes regular polygon structure, respectively
Lens 11 are provided with light transmitting-receiving face, are sent for light aggregation and light is assembled reception, light path control device can control to specify light to receive
Fermentation carries out optical signal transceiver, by comparing the signal to noise ratio of two nodes plane two-by-two, finds out two optimal transmitting-receivings of node
Face, enters traveling optical signal directional transmissions.
Underwater sound receive transducer has three, for carrying out single architecture to this node apparatus.Stationary nodes are deployed in
Seabed, stationary nodes and mobile node send part, three sound reception parts comprising sound（X-axis, Y-axis phase are obtained for positioning
To coordinate）, optical transmitter and optical receiver, camera（For gathering video and image）, pressure sensor（For obtaining Z axis
Depth）And for obtaining the various sensors of the ocean environment parameters such as temperature, humidity, salinity, section flow.The underwater sound receives transducing
Device is used to carry out this node apparatus single base station two-dimensional localization to obtain the two-dimensional level relative position coordinates at relation control center,
Third dimension vertical coordinate is obtained by Underwater Pressure sensor.
Certainly, described above is not limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is also not limited to the example above, this technology neck
Change, remodeling, addition or replacement that the those of ordinary skill in domain is made in essential scope of the invention, should also belong to this hair
Bright protection domain.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of underwater wireless Sensor Network network-building method, it is characterised in that the underwater wireless Sensor Network is at least included in control
The heart, aggregation node, mobile node and stationary nodes, the stationary nodes are fixed on seabed, the mobile node suspend or
Float on marine, the stationary nodes or mobile node complete Data Collection and carry out multi-hop to send successively to layer disposed thereon
Other nodes, be eventually sent to the control centre, in the underwater wireless Sensor Network two nodes communicate when include following step
Suddenly：
（1）, first node using sound communication pattern to Section Point send request signal；
（2）, after Section Point receives the request signal from first node, sent out with sound communication pattern to other all nodes under water
Go out clear to send signal, show that the Section Point is ready for ready reception, and other all nodes suspend to the Section Point
Send data；
（3）, after first node receives clear to send signal, each the transmitting-receiving face to first node and Section Point carries out light beam instruction
Practice, obtain the optimal transmitting-receiving face of first node and Section Point, respectively p, q, and obtain optimal transmitting-receiving face p and optimal transmitting-receiving
Signal to noise ratio snr (p, q) when face q communicates；
（4）, judge whether signal to noise ratio snr (p, q) reaches optic communication snr threshold；
（5）If, reach optic communication snr threshold, entered using optical communication modes by optimal transmitting-receiving face p and optimal transmitting-receiving face q
Row valid data communicate, if not up to optic communication snr threshold, valid data communication is carried out using sound communication pattern.
2. underwater wireless Sensor Network network-building method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（5）Also include afterwards
Following steps：
（6）, in valid data communication process signal to noise ratio detection is carried out every the set time, if current optic communication signal to noise ratio is less than
Then self adaptation switches to sound communication pattern to optic communication snr threshold, and valid data communication process is being carried out using sound communication pattern
In, continuation switches to optical communication modes every the set time carries out OSNR detection, if OSNR exceedes optic communication noise
Than threshold value, then self adaptation rests on optical communication modes, otherwise continues to switch back to sound communication pattern.
3. underwater wireless Sensor Network network-building method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that step（6）Also include afterwards
Following steps：
（7）, be sent when all data frames of packet in first node, and after Section Point is all received, Section Point
Sent with sound communication pattern to other all nodes under water and confirm character signal, notify that first node and other nodes have been received
Finish, this time send reception process and terminate.
4. underwater wireless Sensor Network network-building method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also including every the set time
The step of carrying out single base station two-dimensional localization by using three underwater sound receive transducers to all nodes is obtaining and control centre
Relative two-dimensional level relative position coordinates, obtain third dimension vertical coordinate, then according to control by Underwater Pressure sensor
Center absolute position obtains the current absolute position of all nodes, in step（5）In carry out valid data communicate when, first node
Simultaneously its detection data for including absolute location information is sent to Section Point.
5. the underwater wireless Sensor Network network-building method according to claim any one of 1-4, it is characterised in that step（3）In
The acquisition methods in the optimal transmitting-receiving face of first node and Section Point are comprised the following steps,
（31）, first node processor control respectively its light path control device by light send face 1, light send face 2, until light send out
Face M directive sending light training sequences are sent, when face transmission light training sequence is sent by each light, the processor control of Section Point
Its light path control device is respectively by light receiving surface 1, light receiving surface 2, until the light that light receiving surface N directional receptions send trains sequence
Row, and the signal to noise ratio snr (i, j) that each light receiving surface receives signal is recorded, wherein, i=1,2 ... M；J=1,2 ... N, represent first segment
Point sends face i and sends by light, and Section Point receives the signal to noise ratio of signal by light receiving surface j, and M, N are the integer more than 1；
（32）, maximum signal to noise ratio SNR (p, q) is found out from signal to noise ratio snr (i, j), and it is corresponding optimal to record maximum signal to noise ratio
Transmitting-receiving face p, q.
6. the underwater wireless Sensor Network network-building method according to claim any one of 1-4, it is characterised in that use sound communication
During pattern, signal modulation coded system uses PPM modulation and TURBO channel codings.
7. the underwater wireless Sensor Network network-building method according to claim any one of 1-4, it is characterised in that use optic communication
During pattern, modulation coding mode uses QAM modulation and RS channel codings.
8. a kind of underwater wireless sensing net node device, it is characterised in that including shell and the treatment being arranged in the shell
Device, the acoustic communication circuit being connected with the processor respectively, optical communication circuit, underwater sensor information collecting interface circuit, electricity
Power management circuits, the acoustic communication circuit includes that the underwater sound sends transducer, underwater sound receive transducer, sound encoder circuit, sound decoding
Circuit, the sound encoder is electrically connected between the processor and underwater sound transmission transducer, and the sound decoding circuit connects
Be connected between the underwater sound receive transducer and the process circuit, the optical communication circuit include optical transmitter, optical receiver,
Optical modulator, optical demodulator, light path control device, pumped FIR laser circuit, optical decoding circuit, the pumped FIR laser circuit and the processor
Connection, described optical modulator one end is connected with the pumped FIR laser circuit, and other end is connected with the light path control device, the light
Decoding circuit is connected with the processor, the optical demodulator be connected to the light path control device and the optical decoding circuit it
Between, there are several light to receive and dispatch face on the shell, the light path control device is used for the one of light transmitting-receiving face of control selections and enters
Traveling optical signal is received and dispatched, and is comprised the following steps when being communicated between two sensing net node devices：
（1）, first node using sound communication pattern to Section Point send request signal；
（2）, after Section Point receives the request signal from first node, sent out with sound communication pattern to other all nodes under water
Go out clear to send signal, show that the Section Point is ready for ready reception, and other all nodes suspend to the Section Point
Send data；
（3）, after first node receives clear to send signal, each the transmitting-receiving face to first node and Section Point carries out light beam instruction
Practice, obtain the optimal transmitting-receiving face of first node and Section Point, respectively p, q, and obtain optimal transmitting-receiving face p and optimal transmitting-receiving
Signal to noise ratio snr (p, q) when face q communicates；
（4）, judge whether signal to noise ratio snr (p, q) reaches optic communication snr threshold；
（5）If, reach optic communication snr threshold, entered using optical communication modes by optimal transmitting-receiving face p and optimal transmitting-receiving face q
Row valid data communicate, if not up to optic communication snr threshold, valid data communication is carried out using sound communication pattern.
9. underwater wireless sensing net node device according to claim 8, it is characterised in that described several light receive and dispatch face
The case surface is uniformly laid in, regular polygon structure is constituted, lens are provided with each light transmitting-receiving face, assembled for light and send
Assemble with light and receive.
10. underwater wireless sensing net node device according to claim 8 or claim 9, it is characterised in that the underwater sound is received and changed
Energy utensil has three, for this node apparatus to be carried out with single base station two-dimensional localization to obtain the two-dimensional level phase at relation control center
To position coordinates, third dimension vertical coordinate is obtained by Underwater Pressure sensor.
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