CN106918053A - Igniter and oilfield exploitation method - Google Patents
Igniter and oilfield exploitation method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106918053A CN106918053A CN201510991997.6A CN201510991997A CN106918053A CN 106918053 A CN106918053 A CN 106918053A CN 201510991997 A CN201510991997 A CN 201510991997A CN 106918053 A CN106918053 A CN 106918053A
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- Prior art keywords
- gas
- igniter
- nozzle
- air duct
- air
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
- F23Q13/00—Igniters not otherwise provided for
- F23Q13/02—Igniters not otherwise provided for using gas burners, e.g. gas pokers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
- E21B43/243—Combustion in situ
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of igniter and oilfield exploitation method.The igniter includes：Gas pipeline, the first air duct, discharge igniting pin and combustion chamber, gas pipeline and the first air duct respectively with combustion chamber, one end of discharge igniting pin is arranged at combustion chamber.By gas pipeline and the first air duct respectively with combustion chamber, this can be such that air and combustion gas only mixes in a combustion chamber, and burnt in the presence of discharge igniting pin, thus the igniter has the advantages that combustion process is easier to control and igniter and can reuse.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of oilfield exploitation, in particular to a kind of igniter and oilfield exploitation method.
Background technology
Xinjiang Oilfield viscous crude production scale is big, and most of block is in the steam injection development later stage, and fireflood is made in exploitation difficulty increase
For development scheme is a kind of effective means.Fireflood production technique is crude oil is reached burning-point by heating stratum, to oil reservoir
Inside it is continuously injected into air；Then using in crude oil 10~15% heavy component as fuel combustion (of oil) insitu, by burning what is produced
Heat, gas, water vapour, gaseous hydrocarbon etc. form various displacement effects and crude oil are driven onto into producing well.Compared with steam drives, fireflood
Adapt to oil reservoir scope wide, heat utilization efficiency is high, energy consumption and CO2Discharge is low, and ultimate recovery is high.
Fireflood is exploited the oil reservoir that successful premise is gas injection ignition well near wellbore zone and is successfully ignited, it is seen that ignition process is fire
One of key technology of drive.At present, domestic fireflood sparking mode mainly has two kinds：Electric ignition and chemic ignition.
Electric ignition is to carry out heat exchange by injecting compressed air in well, making compressed air and downhole electric heater, then will be handed over
Oil reservoir is brought in heat exchange into, oil reservoir is heated up, and is ignited after reaching oil reservoir burning-point, and ignition process is easy to control.But in electric ignition method
The compressed air of injection can not be fully contacted with heater, so that it is uneven easily to cause air to absorb heat, or even cause heater
The phenomenon that temperature is too high and is burned.Meanwhile, this construction technology is complicated, the firing power of igniter can not (below 60KW) too high,
Thus need supporting high-power transformer.And its upper limit temperature of heat tolerance is 500 DEG C (windy city viscous crude burning-point is more than 480 DEG C), should
Used time igniter will work in limiting condition, its reliability it cannot be guaranteed that.Further, since power cable length limitation, cable are sent out
The influence of heat loss, electric ignition technique is higher in the shallow layer thick oil igniting thermal efficiency of below 800m, in deep-layer heavy crude down-firing heat waste
Lose larger.
Chemical point pyrogenic process is the oil reservoir that ignited to the means using heat release, it is most of ignited using slow oxidation or organic species from
Burning-point fires reservoir.Chemic ignition is difficult to control in oil reservoir combustion process, causes chemic ignition technique not to be widely adopted.Chemistry
The shortcoming of igniting is that long, ignition effectiveness is low the time required to oil reservoir is slowly aoxidized.Chemicals is expensive, not easy to maintain simultaneously.
In addition contain hot oxidant in chemicals formula, there is the reasons such as security risk during well is entered, cause chemic ignition technique
It is not widely adopted.
The content of the invention
It is a primary object of the present invention to provide a kind of igniter and oilfield exploitation method, to solve to add in existing ignition method
Hot device is fragile or the uppity problem in oil reservoir combustion process.
To achieve these goals, one aspect of the invention provides a kind of igniter, and igniter includes：Gas pipeline,
First air duct, discharge igniting pin and combustion chamber, gas pipeline and the first air duct respectively with combustion chamber, electric discharge
One end of ignition electrode is arranged at combustion chamber.
Further, combustion chamber also includes burner, and burner is provided with gas nozzle and air nozzle, gas nozzle and combustion gas
Pipeline is connected, and air nozzle is connected with the first air duct.
Further, gas nozzle and the quantity ratio of air nozzle are 1：2~1：6.
Further, gas nozzle and the quantity ratio of air nozzle are 1：2~1：4.
Further, centered on gas nozzle, air nozzle is distributed in around gas nozzle.
Further, air nozzle includes：First opening, is disposed in proximity to the first air duct, and the second opening is arranged at remote
From the first air duct and positioned at combustion chamber, the sectional area of the sectional area more than the second opening of the first opening.
Further, air nozzle is taper type structure, and axis institute section in the plane is the first section to air nozzle wherein,
And first section for trapezoidal, the angle between two side walls in the first section is a, wherein, 60≤a≤150 °.
Further, 60≤a≤80 °.
Further, the first air duct is set in the outside of gas pipeline, and gas pipeline and the first air duct are entering combustion
It is isolated from each other before burning room.
Further, combustion chamber is provided with exhanst gas outlet, and igniter also includes the second air duct, and the second air duct is arranged
In the outside of combustion chamber, exhanst gas outlet is connected with the second air duct.
Further, combustion chamber is provided with steady flame device, for continuous heating gas nozzle.
Further, igniter also include lubricator, lubricator respectively with gas pipeline, the first air duct and the second air
Pipeline is connected.
Further, igniter also includes temperature measuring unit, and temperature measuring unit extends inside gas pipeline, and temperature measuring unit with put
The other end connection of electric ignition pin.
Further, temperature measuring unit includes combustion gas thermal detector, burner inlet thermal detector and burner outlet thermal detector.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a kind of oilfield exploitation method, in oilfield exploitation method, is carried out using above-mentioned igniter
Igniting.
Further, the gas being passed through in the gas pipeline of igniter is the flammable liquid of imflammable gas or atomization state.
Further, imflammable gas be selected from natural gas, hydrogen or propane in one or more, flammable liquid be selected from gasoline,
One or more in diesel oil or kerosene.
Apply the technical scheme of the present invention, gas pipeline and the first air duct respectively with combustion chamber, thus this can make
Air and combustion gas only mix in a combustion chamber, are then burnt in the presence of discharge igniting pin, thus above-mentioned combustion process compared with
It is easily controlled and igniter can be reused.
Brief description of the drawings
The Figure of description for constituting the part of the application is used for providing a further understanding of the present invention, schematic reality of the invention
Apply example and its illustrate, for explaining the present invention, not constitute inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 shows the structural representation of the igniter that a kind of typical implementation method of the invention is provided；And
Fig. 2 shows a kind of structural representation of the burner for preferred embodiment providing of the present invention.
Wherein, above-mentioned accompanying drawing is marked including the following drawings：
100th, combustion gas storage tank；200th, ground instrument control device；10th, gas pipeline；20th, the first air duct；30th, put
Electric ignition pin；40th, combustion chamber；401st, exhanst gas outlet；50th, burner；501st, gas nozzle；502nd, air nozzle；60、
Second air duct；70th, steady flame device；80th, lubricator；90th, temperature measuring unit.
Specific embodiment
It should be noted that in the case where not conflicting, the feature in embodiment and embodiment in the application can be mutually combined.
Describe the present invention in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.
As described by background technology, exist in existing ignition method igniter it is fragile or in oil reservoir combustion process not
Manageable problem.In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the invention provides a kind of igniter, as shown in figure 1, above-mentioned point
Fiery device includes：Gas pipeline 10, the first air duct 20, discharge igniting pin 30 and combustion chamber 40, gas pipeline 10 and
One air duct 20 is connected with combustion chamber 40 respectively, and one end of discharge igniting pin 30 is arranged inside combustion chamber 40.
In the igniter that the present invention is provided, combustion gas and air are injected separately into burner 50 by different pipelines, and fired
Gas and air are burnt after mixing in burner 50, after air is heated to above crude oil burning-point by the heat for producing that burns, will
Air after heating together injects oil reservoir with combustion product gases makes burning crude oil.Gas ignition temperature is high up to 1000 DEG C, and igniting work(
Rate is larger up to more than 200KW.Gas pipeline 10 is connected with combustion chamber 40 respectively with the first air duct 20, thus this
Air and combustion gas can be made to mix only in combustion chamber 40, then burnt in the presence of discharge igniting pin 30, thus on
State combustion process and be easier to control, and igniter can be reused.In addition above-mentioned igniter is no special to the depth of oil reservoir
Do not require, shallow-layer and deep-layer heavy crude igniting can be applied.Therefore, the development of above-mentioned igniter is for exploitation super-viscous oil and middle depth
Layer viscous crude provides technical support, and improves ignition process.
In actual use, igniter can use all-metal construction, and this advantageously reduces the cost of igniter.The
One air duct 20 is preferably 1 cun 9 of pipeline, and gas pipeline 10 is preferably 27/ 8 pipeline.
In the present embodiment, combustion chamber 40 also includes burner 50, and burner 50 is provided with gas nozzle 501 and air nozzle
502, gas nozzle 501 is connected with gas pipeline 10, and air nozzle 502 is connected with the first air duct 20.
In the present embodiment, gas nozzle 501 and the quantity ratio of air nozzle 502 are 1：2~1：6.By gas nozzle 501 with
The quantity of air nozzle 502 is limited within the above range, is conducive to improving the efficiency of combustion of combustion gas, and then improves the point of igniter
Fiery power.Preferably, gas nozzle 501 and the quantity ratio of air nozzle 502 are 1：2~1：4.
In the present embodiment, centered on gas nozzle 501, air nozzle 502 is distributed in around gas nozzle 501.
In the present embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2 air nozzle 502 includes：First opening, is disposed in proximity to the first air duct
20, the second opening is arranged at away from the first air duct 20 and inside combustion chamber 40, and the sectional area of the first opening is more than
The sectional area of the second opening.Air nozzle 502 is arranged to said structure, is conducive to further making combustion gas and air mixing after-burning
Burn effect more abundant.
In the present embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2 air nozzle 502 is taper type structure, the axis institute wherein of air nozzle 502
Section in the plane is the first section, and the first section is trapezoidal, and the angle between two side walls in the first section is a, wherein,
60≤a≤150°.Angle between two intersections that the tube wall of the first section and air nozzle 502 is formed is limited within the above range,
Be conducive to further making combustion gas and the mixed combustion efficiency of air, its temperature can reach 628 DEG C of 450 DEG C or so of firing temperatures.
More preferably 60≤a≤80 °.The structure of gas nozzle can also be identical with the structure of air nozzle in actual fabrication process.
In the present embodiment, the first air duct 20 is set in the outside of gas pipeline 10, and the air of gas pipeline 10 and first
Pipeline 20 is isolated from each other before combustion chamber 40 is entered.
Combustion gas and air mix and are easily caused blast and produce before combustion, thus the air duct 20 of gas pipeline 10 and first are existed
It is isolated from each other before burning and is conducive to the security for improving the igniter that the application is provided.Above-mentioned ignition device structure is simple simultaneously,
This is conducive to the maintenance in later stage.Simultaneously compared to fixed electric ignition, its fee of material is only the 10% of electric ignition expense, thus is made
Cost advantageously reduced with above-mentioned igniter, increased economic efficiency, and promote the popularization and application of fireflood technology.
In the present embodiment, combustion chamber 40 is provided with exhanst gas outlet 401, and igniter also includes the second air duct 60, second
Air duct 60 is set in outside combustion chamber 40, and exhanst gas outlet 401 is connected with the second air duct 60.
Exhanst gas outlet 401 is set, and exhanst gas outlet 401 connects with the second air duct 60, this is conducive to the on combustion chamber 40
The air that is once passed through and fuel gas buring it is insufficient when, air is passed through by the second air duct 60, make above-mentioned unreacted complete
Combustion gas proceed burning with heated oil reservoir, and then improve the utilization rate of combustion gas.It is passed through by the second air duct 60 simultaneously
Air may also function as cooling down the effect of the first air duct 20 and gas pipeline 10, and be conducive to the gas produced after suppressing to burn
Against the flow direction flowing of combustion gas.
In the present embodiment, combustion chamber 40 is internally provided with steady flame device 70, for continuous heating gas nozzle 501.Steady flame dress
The setting for putting 70 can play a part of continuous heating to gas nozzle 501, and this is conducive to suppressing the temperature at gas nozzle 501
Burning is influenceed less than firing temperature.
In the present embodiment, igniter also include lubricator 80, lubricator 80 respectively with gas pipeline 10, the first air hose
The air duct 60 of road 20 and second is connected.
In the present embodiment, igniter also includes temperature measuring unit 90, and temperature measuring unit 90 extends inside gas pipeline 10, and
Temperature measuring unit 90 is connected with the other end of discharge igniting pin 30.Discharge igniting pin 30 and thermometric pipeline are integrated in above-mentioned igniter
It is integrated, thus power cable need not be used in said apparatus, but using temperature measuring unit 90 and discharge igniting pin 30 as again
Close cable.The cable diameter is thinner, well up to 1000 DEG C of temperature tolerance, so it is simpler than electric ignition to enter work progress under tubing string.
In the present embodiment, temperature measuring unit 90 includes combustion gas thermal detector, burner inlet thermal detector and burner outlet thermal detector.
This is conducive to the temperature of real-time monitoring gas pipeline 10, burner inlet and burner outlet.Preferably, combustion gas thermal detector,
Burner inlet thermal detector and burner outlet thermal detector are thermocouple.
Preferably, ratio adjusting valve, pressure-reducing valve, pressure gauge and flowmeter are provided with the flow in pipes of gas pipeline 10, this has
Beneficial to control and the size of regulating gas injection rate, while when being returned on the too high gas of downhole temperature, ball-and-seat is conducive to suppressing gas
Returned on body, and then be conducive to avoiding burning igniter and cable.
Preferably, be provided with the flow in pipes of the first air duct 20 and the second air duct 60 pressure gauge, stop valve,
Flowmeter, choke valve and ball-and-seat.This is conducive to controlling and adjusting the injection rate of air.When the outlet temperature of burner 50 be less than or
During higher than firing temperature, the injection rate of air in the second air duct 60 can be suitably adjusted.
In actual use, gas pipeline 10 is preferably connected with combustion gas storage tank 100, and operator in oil extraction process
The operation of above-mentioned igniter is controlled by ground instrument control device 200.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a kind of oilfield exploitation method lighted a fire using above-mentioned igniter.
When carrying out oilfield exploitation using above-mentioned igniter, gas ignition temperature is high up to 1000 DEG C, and firing power is larger reachable
More than 200KW, this is conducive to improving oilfield exploitation efficiency.Said apparatus have the advantages that simple structure and repeatable utilization simultaneously,
Thus advantageously reduce the maintenance cost and device build cost of oilfield exploitation.Simultaneously using the oilfield exploitation side of above-mentioned igniter
Method can be applied to super-viscous oil and mid-deep strata thickened oil recovery, thus be easy in field of oilfield exploitation large-scale promotion.
In the present embodiment, the gas being passed through in the gas pipeline 10 of igniter is the flammable liquid of imflammable gas or atomization state
Body.
In the present embodiment, imflammable gas includes but is not limited to one or more in natural gas, hydrogen or propane, flammable
Liquid includes but is not limited to one or more in gasoline, diesel oil or kerosene.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, is not intended to limit the invention, for those skilled in the art
For, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.All any modifications within the spirit and principles in the present invention, made, etc.
With replacement, improvement etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (17)
1. a kind of igniter, it is characterised in that the igniter includes：
Gas pipeline (10), the first air duct (20) discharge igniting pin (30) and combustion chamber (40), the combustion gas
Pipeline (10) and first air duct (20) are connected with the combustion chamber (40) respectively, the discharge igniting
It is internal that one end of pin (30) is arranged at the combustion chamber (40).
2. igniter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the combustion chamber (40) also includes burner (50),
The burner (50) is provided with gas nozzle (501) and air nozzle (502), the gas nozzle (501) with
The gas pipeline (10) is connected, and the air nozzle (502) is connected with first air duct (20).
3. igniter according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the gas nozzle (501) and the air nozzle (502)
Quantity ratio be 1：2~1：6.
4. igniter according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the gas nozzle (501) and the air nozzle (502)
Quantity ratio be 1：2~1：4.
5. the igniter according to Claims 2 or 3, it is characterised in that centered on the gas nozzle (501), institute
Air nozzle (502) is stated to be distributed in around the gas nozzle (501).
6. igniter according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the air nozzle (502) includes：
First opening, is disposed in proximity to first air duct (20),
Second opening, is arranged at away from first air duct (20) and internal, the institute positioned at the combustion chamber (40)
State the sectional area of the sectional area more than the described second opening of the first opening.
7. igniter according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the air nozzle (502) is taper type structure, institute
State air nozzle (502) the axis of the air nozzle (502) section in the plane be the first section, and
First section is trapezoidal, and the angle between two side walls in first section is a, wherein, 60≤a≤150 °.
8. igniter according to claim 7, it is characterised in that 60≤a≤80 °.
9. the igniter according to claim 1 or 6, it is characterised in that first air duct (20) is set in institute
State the outside of gas pipeline (10), and the gas pipeline (10) with first air duct (20) entering
It is isolated from each other before stating combustion chamber (40).
10. igniter according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the combustion chamber (40) is provided with exhanst gas outlet (401),
The igniter also includes the second air duct (60), and second air duct (60) is set in the combustion chamber (40)
Outside, the exhanst gas outlet (401) connects with second air duct (60).
11. igniters according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the combustion chamber (40) is internally provided with steady flame device
(70), for gas nozzle described in continuous heating (501).
12. igniters according to claim 10, it is characterised in that the igniter also includes lubricator (80), institute
State lubricator (80) respectively with the gas pipeline (10), first air duct (20) and second air hose
Road (60) is connected.
13. igniters according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the igniter also includes temperature measuring unit (90), institute
Temperature measuring unit (90) is stated to extend inside the gas pipeline (10), and the temperature measuring unit (90) and the electric discharge
The other end connection of ignition electrode (30).
14. igniters according to claim 13, it is characterised in that the temperature measuring unit (90) including combustion gas thermal detector,
Burner inlet thermal detector and burner outlet thermal detector.
A kind of 15. oilfield exploitation methods, it is characterised in that in the oilfield exploitation method, it is any in usage right requirement 1 to 14
Igniter described in is lighted a fire.
16. methods according to claim 15, it is characterised in that the gas being passed through in the gas pipeline (10) of the igniter
Body is the flammable liquid of imflammable gas or atomization state.
17. methods according to claim 16, it is characterised in that the imflammable gas is selected from natural gas, hydrogen or propane
One or more, the flammable liquid be selected from gasoline, diesel oil or kerosene in one or more.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510991997.6A CN106918053B (en) | 2015-12-24 | 2015-12-24 | Ignition device for oil field exploitation and oil field exploitation method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510991997.6A CN106918053B (en) | 2015-12-24 | 2015-12-24 | Ignition device for oil field exploitation and oil field exploitation method |
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| CN106918053A true CN106918053A (en) | 2017-07-04 |
| CN106918053B CN106918053B (en) | 2022-12-02 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107120680A (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2017-09-01 | 陕西延长石油（集团）有限责任公司 | Igniter and ignition method under a kind of high inert atmosphere with pressure |
| CN110043235A (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2019-07-23 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of thick oil filling vaporization method burnt using underground supercritical water |
| CN112796726A (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2021-05-14 | 西南石油大学 | Underground blasting device and method for reservoir fracture expansion of coal-bed gas well |
| CN114856522A (en) * | 2022-06-08 | 2022-08-05 | 西南石油大学 | Shale oil reservoir air injection fracturing and fireflood development integrated method |
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| CN107120680B (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2023-09-29 | 陕西延长石油（集团）有限责任公司 | Ignition device and ignition method under high-pressure inert atmosphere |
| CN110043235A (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2019-07-23 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of thick oil filling vaporization method burnt using underground supercritical water |
| CN112796726A (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2021-05-14 | 西南石油大学 | Underground blasting device and method for reservoir fracture expansion of coal-bed gas well |
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