CN106900656A - A kind of cigarette fleahopper industrial production method - Google Patents
A kind of cigarette fleahopper industrial production method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106900656A CN106900656A CN201710065933.2A CN201710065933A CN106900656A CN 106900656 A CN106900656 A CN 106900656A CN 201710065933 A CN201710065933 A CN 201710065933A CN 106900656 A CN106900656 A CN 106900656A
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- cigarette fleahopper
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- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 241000753145 Sitotroga cerealella Species 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 235000021374 legumes Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 240000006677 Vicia faba Species 0.000 claims description 21
- 235000010749 Vicia faba Nutrition 0.000 claims description 21
- 235000002098 Vicia faba var. major Nutrition 0.000 claims description 21
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000819999 Nymphes Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 244000062645 predators Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 16
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 7
- 235000007688 Lycopersicon esculentum Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 240000003768 Solanum lycopersicum Species 0.000 description 7
- 230000017448 oviposition Effects 0.000 description 7
- 241000254127 Bemisia tabaci Species 0.000 description 6
- 241000018137 Trialeurodes vaporariorum Species 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 5
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 210000004681 ovum Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 241000578422 Graphosoma lineatum Species 0.000 description 3
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- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 241000122098 Ephestia kuehniella Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000032669 eclosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- 241000594033 Liriomyza bryoniae Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010054949 Metaplasia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001674048 Phthiraptera Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000061458 Solanum melongena Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002597 Solanum melongena Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 241000344246 Tetranychus cinnabarinus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001454293 Tetranychus urticae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015278 beef Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021336 beef liver Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000002969 egg yolk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000013345 egg yolk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of cigarette fleahopper industrial production method, belong to the technical field of biological control of agricultural pests.Methods described includes go out raw treatment, the raising of cigarette fleahopper and the step of collect of legume crop culture, rice moth egg.The industrial production method of the cigarette fleahopper that the present invention is provided, successfully solve plant source plus animal sources feed combinations, plant spawning material, raise a series of technical barriers such as medium, change cigarette fleahopper and can only on a small scale be raised in laboratory at present, actual production cannot be met in prevent and treat the problem of needs, substantially increase cigarette fleahopper factorial praluction efficiency.Using cigarette fleahopper as predator the large-area applications on vegetables, the access times and usage amount of insecticide can be greatly lowered, protecting agriculture ecological environment improves foodsafety.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of factorial praluction technology of predator-cigarette fleahopper, the biology for belonging to agricultural pests is prevented
Control technical field.
Background technology
Greenhouse whitefly is distributed in Duo Ge provinces and cities of China 20, is the primary pest on open country and greenhouse vegetable, especially Bemisia tabaci
Wildness was caused disaster in the last few years, had a strong impact on China's agricultural production.Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Trialeurodes vaporariorum) and tobacco powder
Lice (Bemisia tabaci) host extensively, can cause harm and more than 30 plant common greenhouse vegetable.Wherein endanger even more serious with Bemisia tabaci,
Bemisia tabaci can also transmitted virus.Meanwhile, greenhouse whitefly can also cause sooty mould, have a strong impact on the photosynthesis of plant leaf blade.Often
Rule preventing and treating chemical pesticide it is long-term, be excessively used, cause aleyrodid to generate different degrees of resistance to various insecticides.It is single
Take chemical agent to be prevented and treated to be difficult to prove effective, to have reduced the use of conventional pesticide, delayed the drug-fast generation of aleyrodid,
Especially want the research and development and application of Efforts To Develop biological prevention.Cigarette fleahopper is the Natural Enemies of Bemisia tabaci and Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood,
With prey ability is strong, strong adaptability, strong mobility the features such as, to adult whitefly and nymph, the ovum of lepidopterous insects or small
The insect such as larva and tetranychid (Tetranychus cinnabarinus, Tetranychus urticae) has very strong predation.Aleyrodid is controlled using cigarette fleahopper
The biological control means of class have the superiority that chemical prevention can not compare, and its environmentally safe and lasting period is long.
During the biological control using cigarette fleahopper pest control, how to obtain substantial amounts of needed for for field adaptability
Cigarette fleahopper, is the key factor for restricting cigarette fleahopper large-area applications.Predatism stinkbug is a critically important class in predator
Group, has the advantages that strong prey ability, strong adaptability, mobility are strong, at present on most of Europe area, north African and Middle East ground
Cigarette fleahopper is produced by viable commercial product metaplasia in area, is widely used in preventing and treating the master such as Bemisia tabaci, trialeurodes vaporariorum, liriomyza bryoniae and tetranychid in greenhouse
Want insect.The country is concentrated mainly on the aspects such as biological characteristics, prey ability, man-made feeds for the achievement in research of cigarette fleahopper,
Do not have systematic artificial indoor rearing's technology also, it is difficult to meet being actually needed for agricultural production.
Cigarette fleahopper is a kind of omnivorousness stinkbug, and it needs simultaneously, and feeding plant juice and aleyrodid, lepidopteran insect larvae etc. are small
Type insect completes to grow, and in food source plant and live body prey are indispensable.Meanwhile, cigarette fleahopper breed when need by
Ovum is originated in fresh plant tissue, and this is also that cigarette fleahopper is carried out manually as a kind of omnivorousness natural enemy with huge applications potentiality
The characteristics of captive breeding difficulty is larger.Cigarette fleahopper is raised using Mediterranean flour moth and tomato branches and leaves more than external biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion worker,
But Mediterranean flour moth feeding cost is higher, and is not distributed in China.Also scholar uses beef liver, beef, sucrose solution, dimension life
Artificial " larva " (without any plant component) that the mixtures such as element, egg yolk are made raises fleahopper, raises for 5 generations continuous
It is later discovered that, nymph polypide is smaller, and development time is also long, it is impossible to reach factory farming level.
The content of the invention
The present invention is a kind of industrial production method as predatism stinkbug-cigarette fleahopper, it is possible to achieve the factory of cigarette fleahopper
Change is bred, and meets aleyrodid, tetranychid, aphid, the biological control demand of lepidoptera pest in agricultural production.The cigarette that the present invention is provided is blind
The industrial production method of stinkbug, successfully solves plant source plus animal sources feed combinations, plant spawning material, raises medium etc.
Series technique problem, change cigarette fleahopper can only on a small scale be raised in laboratory at present, actual production cannot be met in prevent and treat need
The problem wanted, substantially increases cigarette fleahopper factorial praluction efficiency.In recent years succeed using cigarette fleahopper as predator in north
Large-area applications on the facilities vegetable in capital area, considerably reduce the access times and usage amount of insecticide, protect agricultural
Ecological environment, improves foodsafety.
The people as this omnivorousness natural enemy of cigarette fleahopper such as rice moth egg, legume crop tender stem by the use of artificial breeding of the invention
Work feed carries out batch production high-volume and breeds.
The industrial production method of cigarette fleahopper of the invention, comprises the following steps that:
Step one, carry out legume crop culture.
The raw treatment of going out of step 2, rice moth egg.
Step 3, raising box prepare.Described raising box has air-vent, and using gauze sealing.
Step 4, the raising and collection of cigarette fleahopper.
The advantage of the invention is that:
(1) overcome bred in conventional cigarette fleahopper room middle application tomato branches and leaves as spawning material cost it is high, be difficult plantation
Problem.The present invention utilizes the characteristics of beans is easily planted, growth cycle is short, and cigarette fleahopper egg laying amount and the product on tomato branches and leaves
Ovum amount no significant difference, beans tender stem turns into the optimal vegetable material for the spawning of cigarette fleahopper.
(2) solve conventional cigarette fleahopper and breed the middle uncertain problem of animal fodder species, with foreign applications Mediterranean powder
Ovum feeding cost is high compares for phycitid (Ephestia kuhniella Zeller), and present invention application rice moth egg is raised, and advantage embodies
High in China's breeding technology in rice moth, feeding cost is low, and rice moth egg can be obtained largely, and rice moth egg treatment technology is simple.
(3) production fleahopper class natural enemy can only be raised on live body host plant during the present invention changes country's patent of invention in the past
Support, operation difficulty is big, output is uncertain, the difficult limitation collected of commercial insect, devises distinctive breathable plastics and raises box,
Oviposition plant, animal fodder, medium and cigarette fleahopper kind worm are put in raising box simultaneously, beneficial to batch production, normalizing operation,
Raising and the collection efficiency of cigarette fleahopper are greatly improved, the fleahopper class natural enemy factorial praluction technology of China is realized huge dashing forward
It is broken.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 provides the industrial production method flow chart of cigarette fleahopper for the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The present invention provides a kind of industrial production method of cigarette fleahopper, and flow as shown in Figure 1 is comprised the following steps that:
Step one, carry out legume crop culture:
Broad bean seed is placed in clear water under a, normal temperature is soaked 24 hours, wait broad bean seed bubble to remove water after rising, then
Continuation vernalization is covered with wet towel, it is each once that the period daily morning, noon and afternoon eluriate broad bean seed.
B, whne bean sprout growth length be 0.5~1cm when, bean sprouts is planted in turf:Vermiculite:Perlite=1:1:1 (volume
Than) Nutrition Soil in, nutrition soil thickness be 2~3cm, beans kind seeding row spacing be 2 × 2cm, then irrigated with water.It is long Deng broad bean young plant
It is stand-by to 20~30cm.
The raw treatment of going out of step 2, rice moth egg:
Fresh rice moth egg is placed under 40 watts of uviol lamps and irradiates life of going out in 12 hours, in 5 DEG C of preservations, the holding time is no more than
7 days.
Step 3, raising box prepare:
The raising box standard being applied in this method for breeding is happy button box of plastics of 40cm* long 25cm* wide 40cm high,
Two walls of box make 2 air-vents of diameter 9cm respectively, are sealed with the gauze of 60 mesh.Box disinfects in alcohol rear standby.
Step 4, the raising and collection of cigarette fleahopper:
A, daily raising:Raising the thick vermiculites of cassette bottom portion 1~2cm of layer overlay, the fresh broad bean seedling 2~3 of clip
Be placed on vermiculite, be sprinkled into 0.5ml go out it is raw after rice moth egg, access each 20 of the cigarette fleahopper female male worm of kind worm of field acquisition, cover
Box top cover is raised, Light To Dark Ratio 16 is placed in:8th, the growth cabinet or receptacle of 25 ± 1 DEG C of temperature, relative humidity 55%~65%
Interior raising.Interval addition in 2~3 days fresh broad bean seedling 2-3 roots (10~15cm is long) and rice moth egg (0.5ml), being spaced 10 days will
The bean seedlings of exsiccation are removed.
B, the numerous raising of expansion:After the cigarette fleahopper of daily raising is raised 20 days, cigarette fleahopper worm amount in box of raising increase by 500 with
On, raised in the cigarette fleahopper of activity on the broad bean seedling in original raising box and broad bean seedling being moved into new raising box, it is beneficial to
Population expands.Cigarette fleahopper in original raising box is normally raised.Described new raising box the inside added vermiculite, rice moth egg,
Broad bean seedling, wherein, 1~2cm of vermiculite is thick, broad bean seedling 2~3, and every 10~15cm is long, the rice moth egg 0.5ml after life of going out.
C, cigarette fleahopper are collected:After cigarette fleahopper expands numerous raising 20 days in new raising box, worm amount can increase to 5 times in box, i.e.,
Can collecting packing.
Cigarette fleahopper is put into medium-sized air blower together with vermiculite and is separated and is purified, by the cigarette fleahopper nymph after purification and
Adult is carried out after a series of inspection of indexs such as sex ration, survival rate, in being put into equipped with the packing box that wood chip is medium, is carried out
Turn into natural enemy insect product after the packaging of different worm states and quantity specifications, used for agricultural production.
Embodiment 1:Cigarette fleahopper different egg plant lays eggs the influence of situation to it
1. materials and methods:
1.1 worm sources:According to (25~29 DEG C of optimum rearing after field acquisition;RH:55~65%, L: D=16: 8) numerous
The cigarette fleahopper for educating.
1.2 methods:After cigarette fleahopper adult feeding rice moth egg and tobacco leaf that field acquisition is arrived, by F2 for first emerging adult 1
To in the Clear glass bottles and jars for accessing 20*10cm, adding feed, while being put into treatment 1~3, then sealed with transparent gauze and rubber band
Bottleneck is closed, feed and oviposition plant are changed daily.The oviposition plant that will be changed is put into teat glass, and nymph is observed daily
Hatching situation, often processes 20 repetitions, finally counts every group of adult eclosion number.
Oviposition plant treatment:It is shown in Table 1.
Table 1:Adult worms producting eggs plant variety
Sequence number | Treatment |
Treatment 1 | Tomato branches and leaves |
Treatment 2 | Tobacco leaf branches and leaves |
Treatment 3 | Beans tender stem |
2. result such as table 2:
The result of the test of table 2
Contrasted by the cigarette fleahopper adult eclosion number under being raised to different egg material, find beans tender stem and tomato
Spray effect is better than tobacco leaf, and the cigarette fleahopper quantity highest of future generation that cigarette fleahopper obtains after being laid eggs in beans tender stem can reach
76.2.The spawning effect of tomato spray and beans tender stem no significant difference, but cultivated into as oviposition plant with tomato spray
This is higher, is unfavorable for batch production mass rearing, therefore final determination beans tender stem (the broad bean seedling i.e. in the present invention) as cigarette
The optimal oviposition plant of fleahopper.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of cigarette fleahopper industrial production method, it is characterised in that:Methods described comprises the following steps that,
Step one, carry out legume crop culture;
The raw treatment of going out of step 2, rice moth egg;
Step 3, raising box prepare;Described raising box has air-vent, and using gauze sealing;
Step 4, the raising and collection of cigarette fleahopper.
2. a kind of cigarette fleahopper industrial production method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The detailed process of step one
For:
Broad bean seed is placed in clear water under a, normal temperature is soaked 24 hours, wait broad bean seed bubble to remove water after rising, then with wet
Towel covers continuation vernalization, and it is each once that the period daily morning, noon and afternoon eluriate broad bean seed;
B, whne bean sprout growth length be 0.5~1cm when, bean sprouts is planted in Nutrition Soil, nutrition soil thickness be 2~3cm, beans kind
Seeding row spacing is 2 × 2cm, is then irrigated with water;It is stand-by 20~30cm to be grown to Deng broad bean young plant;In described Nutrition Soil, according to body
Product ratio has:Turf:Vermiculite:Perlite=1:1:1.
3. a kind of cigarette fleahopper industrial production method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Going out described in step 2
Raw treatment refers to that fresh rice moth egg is placed under 40 watts of uviol lamps to irradiate life of going out in 12 hours, in 5 DEG C of preservations.
4. a kind of cigarette fleahopper industrial production method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Feeding described in step 4
Support and collection is specially:
A, daily raising:Raising the thick vermiculites of cassette bottom portion 1~2cm of layer overlay, 10~15cm of clip fresh broad bean seedlings 2 long
~3 are placed on vermiculite, be sprinkled into 0.5ml go out it is raw after rice moth egg, access each 20 of the cigarette fleahopper female male worm of kind worm of field acquisition,
Raising box top cover is covered, Light To Dark Ratio 16 is placed in:8th, 25 ± 1 DEG C of temperature, the growth cabinet of relative humidity 55%~65% or feeding
Support indoor feeding;The fresh broad bean seedling 2~3 and rice moth egg 0.5ml of interval addition in 2~3 days, the bean seedlings that interval will be dried for 10 days
Remove;
B, the numerous raising of expansion:After the cigarette fleahopper of daily raising is raised 20 days, cigarette fleahopper worm amount in box of raising increases by 500 the above, will
The cigarette fleahopper of activity is raised in moving into new raising box on broad bean seedling and broad bean seedling in original raising box;
C, cigarette fleahopper are collected:After cigarette fleahopper expands numerous raising 20 days in new raising box, worm amount can increase to 5 times in box, you can receive
Collection packaging.
5. a kind of cigarette fleahopper industrial production method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:Described new raising box
Vermiculite, rice moth egg, broad bean seedling have been added in the inside, wherein, 1~2cm of vermiculite is thick, broad bean seedling 2~3, and every 10~15cm is long, goes out
Rice moth egg 0.5ml after life.
6. a kind of cigarette fleahopper industrial production method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:Described cigarette fleahopper is collected
Refer to be put into medium-sized air blower cigarette fleahopper together with vermiculite to be separated and purified, by cigarette fleahopper nymph and adult after purification
Carry out after sex ration, the inspection of survival rate index, in being put into equipped with the packing box that wood chip is medium, carry out different worm state sums
The packaging of gauge lattice.
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Cited By (5)
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CN110447604A (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2019-11-15 | 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 | A method of addition Hosts plant improves Candle-sticks stinkbug feeding effect |
CN111264473A (en) * | 2020-02-18 | 2020-06-12 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Method for breeding Exorista bigelovii by utilizing galleria mellonella |
CN113439712A (en) * | 2020-03-24 | 2021-09-28 | 北京市农林科学院 | Large-scale breeding method of orius sauteri with simple operation |
CN114271240A (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2022-04-05 | 北京市农林科学院 | Breeding method of adelphocoris suturalis |
CN115281157A (en) * | 2022-08-12 | 2022-11-04 | 云南省烟草公司楚雄州公司 | New application of hermetia illucens, food source of hermetia illucens Li Chun, artificial feeding method of hermetia illucens Li Chun and industrial production method of hermetia illucens |
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CN113439712A (en) * | 2020-03-24 | 2021-09-28 | 北京市农林科学院 | Large-scale breeding method of orius sauteri with simple operation |
CN114271240A (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2022-04-05 | 北京市农林科学院 | Breeding method of adelphocoris suturalis |
CN115281157A (en) * | 2022-08-12 | 2022-11-04 | 云南省烟草公司楚雄州公司 | New application of hermetia illucens, food source of hermetia illucens Li Chun, artificial feeding method of hermetia illucens Li Chun and industrial production method of hermetia illucens |
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