CN106895140B - 运行有带次级联接部分流无级传动装置车辆传动系的方法 - Google Patents

运行有带次级联接部分流无级传动装置车辆传动系的方法 Download PDF

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CN106895140B
CN106895140B CN201611151341.4A CN201611151341A CN106895140B CN 106895140 B CN106895140 B CN 106895140B CN 201611151341 A CN201611151341 A CN 201611151341A CN 106895140 B CN106895140 B CN 106895140B
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output
transmission
variator
gear
reversing
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CN106895140A (zh
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扬-弗雷德里克·库恩
马库斯·希默
斯特凡·申纳赫
斯文·比贝尔
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ZF Friedrichshafen AG
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    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
    • B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
    • B60W30/18009—Propelling the vehicle related to particular drive situations
    • B60W30/18054—Propelling the vehicle related to particular drive situations at stand still, e.g. engine in idling state
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • F16H59/60—Inputs being a function of ambient conditions
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Abstract

本发明描述了一种运行有带次级联接部分流无级传动装置(3)车辆传动系(1)的方法。在换向传动装置(5)的换向离合器(5A、5B)的断开的运行状态下，施加在输出端(4)的区域内的转矩能够经由范围传动装置(7)在变化器(8)的区域内得到支持。在存在有用于分开驱动机(2)与输出端(4)之间的动力流的请求时核实的是，车辆是否位于斜坡位置中，其中，在询问结果是肯定的情况下，驱动机(2)与传动装置(3)之间的动力流最晚在输出端(4)的转速达到零时通过断开换向离合器来分开，而经由范围传动装置(7)维持输出端(4)与变化器(8)之间的作用连接。

Description

运行有带次级联接部分流无级传动装置车辆传动系的方法
技术领域
本发明涉用于运行具有带次级联接部的功率分流式无级传动装置的车辆传动系的方法。
背景技术
可移动的做功机械也在表征为陡上坡和陡下坡的工作环境中使用。在此，通过可移动的做功机械例如也在斜坡上对运输车辆进行装载。对运输车辆的装载通常借助轮式装载机来执行，为此，轮式装载机具有相应的做功液压机构。在装载过程期间例如举升填装了装载物的挖斗，以便达到运输车辆的处于一定高度水平上的并且容纳装载物的装载容器。装载伴随着同时低行驶速度下的持续的行驶方向变换，以便分别达到针对轮式装载机的最佳的卸载定位。
在可移动的做功机械中，行驶方向预设通常借助所谓的转向柱开关来进行，其具有用于前进行驶和后退行驶以及用于这样的做功机械的车辆传动系的所谓的空挡运行状态的至少三个卡止位。在请求空挡运行状态时，分开了驱动机与可移动的做功机械的输出端之间的动力流。
通常，与空挡运行状态相对应的卡止位被设置在用于前进行驶和后退行驶的卡止位之间。这导致的结果是，从用于前进行驶或后退行驶的卡止位朝用于后退行驶或前进行驶的卡止位的方向来操作转向柱开关会经过用于空挡运行状态的转向柱开关的卡止位。如果低于转向柱开关的限定的操作速度并且由此造成转向开关在用于空挡运行状态的卡止位置中停留时间过长，那么驾驶员就有意或无意地朝可移动的做功机械的车辆传动系的传动装置发出请求空挡运行状态的命令并且通过在传动装置的区域内对传动装置的相应操作分开了驱动机与可移动的做功机械的输出端之间的动力流。
如果当做功机械处于斜坡位置时得到了这样的空挡要求或者说得到了用于调整可移动的做功机械的车辆传动系的空挡运行状态的请求，那么车辆或可移动的做功机械就有可能发生溜车，这在做功液压机构举升填装好的挖斗时限制了可移动的做功机械的工作效率并且因此是不期望的。
由DE 10 2013 200 392 A1公知了一种用于运行具有驱动机、功率分流式无级传动装置和输出端的车辆传动系的方法。传动装置由换向传动装置、行星传动装置以及范围传动装置(Bereichsgetriebe)构成。换向传动装置包括换向离合器，利用换向离合器来切换传动装置的转动方向并且与范围离合器(Bereichskupplung)一起建立驱动机与输出端之间的动力流。在行星传动装置的区域中，来自驱动机的动力流或功率流被划分成机械功率部分和静液压功率部分。经由范围传动装置能够提高最大输出转速，并且建立变化器(Variator)与输出端之间的以及输出端与换向传动装置之间的功率流。
当存在用于表现空挡运行状态的请求时，换向传动装置的换向离合器和范围传动装置的切换元件都被转变到断开的运行状态中，以便分开驱动机与传动装置输入端之间的并且还有变化器与输出端之间的区域中的动力流。
然而，该做法会以不利的方式导致的是，当驾驶员不同时操作做功机械的行车制动器时，实施有功率分流式无级传动装置的可移动的做功机械在斜坡位置中尤其是在不期望的范围内存在有用于挂入空挡运行状态的无意的请求的情况下发生溜车。
发明内容
因此，本发明的任务是，提供一种用于运行具有功率分流式无级传动装置的车辆传动系的方法，借助该方法避免在斜坡位置中进行行驶方向变换期间发生不期望的溜车。
根据本发明，该任务以如下描述的方法来解决：
在根据本发明的用于运行具有带次级联接部的功率分流式无级传动装置的车辆传动系的方法中，传动装置包括换向传动装置、行星传动装置、范围传动装置和变化器，经由换向传动装置的换向离合器能够调整传动装置的转动方向并且能够建立传动装置与驱动机之间的动力流。在行星传动装置中，由驱动机提供的转矩能够经由第一功率路径和具有变化器的第二功率路径以及经由范围传动装置的切换元件施加在车辆传动系的与传动装置连接的输出端的区域内。当在范围传动装置中经由范围离合器建立输出端与变化器之间的动力流时，在换向传动装置的换向离合器的断开的运行状态下，施予在输出端的区域内的转矩能够经由范围传动装置在变化器的区域内得到支持。
根据本发明，在存在有用于分开车辆传动系中的在驱动机与输出端之间的动力流的请求时核实的是，实施有车辆传动系的车辆是否位于斜坡位置中。在询问结果是肯定的情况下，驱动机与传动装置之间的动力流最晚在输出端的转速达到零时通过断开换向离合器来分开，而经由范围传动装置维持输出端与变化器之间的作用连接。
借助根据本发明的做法，以简单的方式和方法避免了实施有前述的车辆传动系的可移动的做功机械在已识别的斜坡位置的情况下并且同时在分开了驱动机与输出端之间的动力流且同时请求了车辆传动系或传动装置的空挡运行状态的情况下发生溜车，其方法是：驱动机在换向传动装置中与输出端脱开，并且同时通过相应地操作范围传动装置来维持输出端与变化器之间的抗相对转动地(drehfest)保持住输出端的作用连接。
如果在驱动机与输出端之间存在有动力流时，在询问结果是肯定的情况下或者说在获知实施有车辆传动系的可移动的做功机械在斜坡位置的情况下，通过调节变化器的传动比来使输出端的转速朝零的方向引导，并且在输出端的转速小于限定的阈值的情况下，通过操作换向传动装置的换向离合器来分开驱动机与输出端之间的动力流，而变化器与输出端之间的动力流经由范围传动装置来维持，首先通过始终与输出端作用连接的驱动机来支持朝车辆停车的方向对输出端的制动并且以简单的方式和方法避免在变化器的区域内的不允许的转速。
在根据本发明的方法的有利的变型方案中，调节变化器的传动比直至输出端的转速小于阈值，借此可靠地避免了实施有车辆传动系的且处于斜坡位置中的可移动的做功机械发生溜车。
如果输出端的转速的阈值至少近似等于零，那么出现在变化器的区域内的负载最小。
在根据本发明的方法的在特征在于操作花费小的变型方案中，在询问结果是肯定的情况下，通过操作换向传动装置的换向离合器来分开驱动机与输出端之间的动力流，而通过调节变化器的传动比使输出端的转速朝零的方向引导并且经由范围传动装置维持变化器与输出端之间的动力流。
在检查实施有车辆传动系的车辆是否处于斜坡位置的询问结果是否定的情况下，在根据本发明的方法的使变化器在较小的范围内受载的另外的有利的变型方案中，不仅在换向传动装置的区域内分开了驱动机与输出端之间的动力流而且在范围传动装置的区域内分开了输出端与变化器之间的动力流。
为了确定斜坡位置，在根据本发明的方法的另外的能简单地执行的变型方案中，对倾斜传感器，如加速度传感器、角速率传感器或它们的组合的信号进行评估。
在根据本发明的主题的下面的实施例中说明的特征分别单独地或以彼此任意的组合适合地进一步形成根据本发明的主题。
附图说明
根据本发明的主题的另外的优点和有利的实施方式由下面参照附图地按照原理描述的实施例得到。其中：
图1示出可移动的做功机械的车辆传动系的框图；
图2示出根据图1的车辆传动系的更详细化的图示；
图3示出根据图1或图2的车辆传动系的电子控制***的框图；
图4示出在操作根据图1或图2的车辆传动系期间的功能性的顺序图的框图图示；
图5示出根据本发明的方法的第一变型方案的流程图；并且
图6示出根据本发明的方法的第二变型方案的流程图。
具体实施方式
图1示出了优选实施为可移动的做功机械的车辆的车辆传动系1的框图，该车辆传动系具有驱动机2、带次级联接部的功率分流式无级传动装置3和输出端4。传动装置3包括换向传动装置5、行星传动装置6、范围传动装置7和变化器8，变化器在当前被实施为液压调节器(Hydrostat)。
图2示出了具有车辆传动系1的图1中所示的结构的车辆传动系1的更详细化的图示，其中，由根据图2的图示获知，换向传动装置5实施有两个被构造为摩擦锁合的切换元件的换向离合器5A、5B。驱动机2在当前被实施为内燃机，优选实施为柴油内燃机，并且在车辆传动系1的另外的实施方式中也可以被构造为电机或被构造为由任意类型的内燃机和电机构成的组合。
换向传动装置5的换向离合器5A和5B分别实施为行驶方向离合器。在此，在闭合摩擦锁合的切换元件5A的情况下，驱动装置2的驱动转动运动以如下这种转动方向被引入到传动装置3中，即，沿前进行驶方向驱动实施有车辆传动系1的车辆。然而如果闭合摩擦锁合的切换元件5B并同时断开摩擦锁合的切换元件5A的话，驱动装置2的驱动转动方向就以相反的转动方向被引入到传动装置3中，并且沿后退行驶方向运行实施有车辆传动系1的车辆。
传动装置3的轴50与车辆传动系1的输出端4作用连接，经由该输出端能够给能受驱动的车桥9加载以转矩。在功率分流式无级传动装置3的区域内通过接通和切断传动装置3中的不同的机械的功率路径能够表现出多个传动比范围，在这些传动比范围之内，传动装置3的传动比能够通过对传动装置3的液压的功率路径的液压的变化器8的液压机械23、28的工作容积进行调节来再次进行无级地改变。
驱动装置2与输出端4之间的动力流在摩擦锁合的切换元件5A的或摩擦锁合的切换元件5B的区域中能够通过相应地调整切换元件5A、5B的传递能力来建立。在存在起动请求的情况下，在传动装置3的区域中调整起动传动比，并且一旦至少部分地建立了动力流，驱动力矩就从驱动装置2出发以相应地转换的方式朝输出端4的或能受驱动的车桥9的方向经由传动装置3进一步传导。
传动装置3的传动装置输入轴10与驱动装置2抗相对转动地连接。传动装置输入轴10经由固定轮11和固定轮12驱动动力输出装置13和摩擦锁合的切换元件5A和5B的第一切换元件半体。摩擦锁合的切换元件5A同轴于传动装置输入轴10地布置，而摩擦锁合的切换元件5B或者说用于后退行驶的行驶方向离合器定位在动力输出装置13的同轴于传动装置输入轴10地布置的轴上。在摩擦锁合的切换元件5A或者用于前进行驶的行驶方向离合器的闭合的操作状态下，传动装置输入轴10经由以能转动的方式布置在传动装置输入轴10上的空转轮14驱动与表现出功率分流单元的行星传动装置6的行星架16抗相对转动地联接的空转轮15。在摩擦锁合的切换元件5B的闭合的运行状态下，传动装置输入轴10经由空转轮17驱动空转轮15。
在行星架16上以能转动的方式支承有多个双行星轮18。双行星轮18与第一太阳轮19和第二太阳轮20以及齿圈21啮合。第一太阳轮19与变化器8的第一液压机械23的轴22抗相对转动地连接。齿圈21经由固定轮25和固定轮26与变化器或者说液压调节器单元8的第二液压机械28的轴27作用连接。
传动装置3的轴50能够经由同轴于轴50布置的用于传动装置3的第一传动比范围的摩擦锁合的切换元件29、空转轮30和固定轮31与变化器8或者说液压调节器单元的第二轴27连接，其中，最后描述的具有固定轮26和与该固定轮咬合的固定轮25以及齿圈21的齿轮链表示传动装置中的第一机械的功率路径并且是范围传动装置7的一部分。此外，轴50经由固定轮32、固定轮33和另外的摩擦锁合的切换元件34或者说用于传动装置3的第二传动比范围的范围传动装置7的范围离合器以及空转轮35和固定轮36能够与第二太阳轮20联接，其中，该齿轮链相应于传动装置3的第二机械的功率路径。
固定轮36同轴于第二太阳轮20地布置，而固定轮33、用于第二行驶范围的摩擦锁合的切换动元件34和空转轮35彼此同轴地布置。固定轮32、用于第一行驶范围的摩擦锁合的切换元件29和空转轮30再次同轴于轴50地设置。附加地，固定轮32与固定轮33和传动装置输出轴37的固定轮36A咬合，该传动装置输出轴能与能受驱动的车桥9或与车辆传动系1的多个能受驱动的车桥9连接。
行驶方向离合器5A和5B在当前实施为湿式离合器，它们不仅被设置成用于建立驱动装置2与输出端4之间的动力流，而且同时在前述的范围内也确定了行驶方向。根据图2的车辆传动系1的摩擦锁合的切换元件5A和5B根据其电容式的设计(kapazitive Auslegung)也能作为起动元件使用。这发生在由驾驶员从传动装置3的空挡运行状态起(在空挡运行状态时范围离合器或者说切换元件29和34是断开的)挂入一个行驶方向并同时操作油门来发送出速度期望时的情况时。摩擦锁合的切换元件5A和5B在当前以如下方式设计，即，经由它们也能够实现从较高的行驶速度起朝前进行驶方向和后退行驶方向进行的行驶方向变换或所谓的逆向过程。
在这样的逆向过程期间，车速首先从当前的车速起朝零的方向降低，其中，为此，不仅摩擦锁合的切换元件5A的传递能力而且摩擦锁合的切换元件5B的传递能力都在相应的范围内进行调整。这两个摩擦锁合的切换元件5A和5B在逆向过程期间主要滑动地运行。如果车速基本上等于零，那么两个切换元件5A和5B的传递能力就以如下方式调整，即，车辆逆着之前所运行的行驶方向地朝相反的行驶方向起动，直至达到所请求的车速。
原则上，在图2中所示的传动装置3中，驱动机2的转矩经由功率分流单元或者说行星传动装置6一部分经由范围传动装置7的当前用来表现出所挂入的第一或第二传动比范围而接通的机械的功率路径地并且另一部分经由传动装置3的液压的功率路径地朝输出端4的方向引导。在此，液压的功率路径包括第一太阳轮19、变化器8的第一轴22、变化器8和变化器8的第二轴27。
为了能够在较短的运行时间内并且基本上无延迟地表现出从车辆停车和传动装置3的空挡运行状态起的起动过程，闭合切换元件29或者说传动装置3的第一传动比范围的范围离合器，并且附加地依赖于各自当前的用于前进或后退行驶的驾驶员期望地将切换元件5A或切换元件5B转变到其闭合的运行状态下。在接通切换元件29和切换元件5A或5B期间，液压机械23和28经由能调节的磁轭38以如下方式进行调节，即，在传动装置3的区域内调整出所期望的起动传动比。在此，摩擦锁合的切换元件5A或5B的传递能力在调整传动装置3的起动传动比期间被调整到大于零的值，以便使实施有根据图2的车辆传动系1的车辆在摩擦锁合的切换元件5A或5B的闭合过程期间就已经能够起动。
在车辆传动系1的这样的起动过程期间，该车辆传动系处于牵引运行中，在此时，第一液压机械23作为泵运行，而第二液压机械28作为马达运行。通过下面的对磁轭38的详细描述的操作，以如下方式调节液压机械23和28的轴线39、40用来对实施有车辆传动系1的车辆进行加速，即，减小传动装置3的传动比并且增加输出速度。随着轴线39和40的枢转角度朝在当前约为44°的最大枢转角度的方向增加地，并且在持续不断的在驾驶员侧请求对车辆进一步加速或者说车速进一步增加的情况下，为了进一步在传动装置3的区域内无级地改变传动装置3的传动比而挂入第二传动比范围。为此，切断切换元件29并且将另外的摩擦锁合的切换变速元件34转变到其闭合的运行状态下。在轴线39和40的限定的摆动角度下，摩擦锁合的切换动元件29和34基本上同时位于同步运行状态下，由此，基本上能够牵引力不中断地表现出第一传动比范围与第二传动比范围之间的变换。
如果在传动装置3中挂入第二传动比范围，为此闭合摩擦锁合的切换元件34并断开摩擦锁合的切换元件29，那么第一液压机械23作为马达运行，而第二液压机械28作为泵运行。液压机械23的28的两个轴线39和40经由磁轭38一起从当前的摆动位置，也就是说最大的摆动角度起向回朝在开始起动过程时的初始位置枢转回来，其中，通过液压调节器单元8的枢转走过了第二传动比范围的完整的传动比范围。这导致的是，实施有车辆传动系1的车辆的速度被进一步提升，直至达到最大车速。
根据图1或根据图2的车辆传动系1的传动装置3拥有如下特性，即，在范围传动装置7被闭合，也就是说在摩擦锁合的切换元件29或34被接通，然而在同时断开切换元件5A和5B而处于断开的运行状态下的换向传动装置5被断开的情况下，虽然中断了驱动机2与输出端4之间的功率流，然而，输出端4却可以在变化器8的区域内得到支持。在此，当经由变化器8的轴27或轴22引入输出转矩时，提高了被构造为轴向活塞机构的液压调节器8的高压油线路与低压油线路之间的压力。除了变化器8泄漏之外，当例如通过处在斜坡上的车辆引入输出力矩时，在范围传动装置7的这样的离合器接合的情况下，使传动装置输出轴37或与之作用连接的输出轴不运动。
换向传动装置5的换向离合器5A和5B和范围传动装置7的范围离合器29和34的接线通过控制电流来实现，控制电流由图3中所示的电子控制器60在微机61，如微型控制器，DSP(数字信号处理器)、FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array，现场可编程门阵列)或类似设备中获知。微机61将额定电流进一步传导到末级62上，末级其本身接驳执行器，执行器将换向离合器5A和5B以及范围离合器29和34转变到断开的、闭合的或滑动的运行状态下。附加地，在微机61的区域内获知，变化器或液压调节器单元8枢转到哪个位置中。因此可以改变传动装置输出轴37的或与之连接的输出轴的转速以及车速。
图4示出了根据图1或图2的车辆传动系1的功能性的顺序图，经由该顺序图以下面将详细描述的方法和方式避免了实施有车辆传动系1的可移动的做功机械在如下情况下发生不期望的溜车，即，请求表现出传动装置3的空挡运行状态而同时在可移动的做功机械处于斜坡位置时的情况。
经由操作元件65，如行驶开关、操纵杆、控制板或类似元件，针对可移动的做功机械的驾驶员存在有如下可行方案，即，请求表现出车辆传动系的运行状态，如前进行驶、后退行驶或空挡运行状态的驾驶员期望预设，其中，前进行驶和后退行驶能够以不同的车速来请求。
经由这样的操作元件65发送出的驾驶员期望借助控制软件66的第一模块67读入。随后，借助倾斜传感器，如加速度传感器、角速率传感器或这些传感器的组合来获知可移动的做功机械的周围环境条件。在此，借助控制软件66的第二模块68确定的是，可移动的做功机械例如是否位于斜坡位置中。
如果可移动的做功机械位于斜坡位置中，那么在进一步的步骤期间决定的是，在存在有用来表现空挡运行状态的请求的情况下是否不是断开传动装置3的所有离合器，也就是是否不是断开所有换向或范围离合器5A、5B、29、34，而是只断开换向离合器5A和5B。该决定借助第三模块69取得。根据经由第三模块69取得的决定，借助控制软件66的第四模块70产生用于换向离合器5A、5B、变化器8和范围离合器29、34的控制命令。
图5示出了基于根据图4的功能性的顺序图的用于避免可移动的做功机械在所获知的斜坡位置中发生溜车的做法的第一变型方案的流程图。
在第一检查步骤S1期间检查的是，是否存在用于表现传动装置3的空挡运行状态的驾驶员侧的期望预设。在第一检查步骤S1的询问结果是否定的情况下，分流到功能块F1并且让车辆传动系1留在当前的运行状态下。在检查步骤S1的询问结果是肯定的情况下，分流到另外的检查步骤S2，借助该另外的检查步骤核实的是，可移动的做功机械是否位于斜坡位置中。在第二检查步骤S2的询问结果是否定的情况下，分流到第二功能块F2并且立即断开传动装置3的换向传动装置5的换向离合器5A、5B和传动装置3的范围传动装置7的范围离合器29、34，借此，使车辆传动系1处于空挡运行状态中并且驱动机2在换向传动装置的区域内与输出端分开。附加地，输出端4经由断开的范围传动装置7与变化器8脱开，并且因此能自由转动。
与此不同地，在检查步骤S2的询问结果是肯定的情况下，分流到第三功能块F3并且变化器8进行枢转或者以如下方式调节变化器的传动比，即，使得输出端4的转速向零的方向引导。
基于在第三功能块F3期间执行对变化器8的调节，在第三检查步骤S3期间循环地核实的是，输出端4的转速的数值是否小于限定的阈值，该阈值优选基本上至少近似等于零。在第三检查步骤S3的询问结果是否定的情况下，向回分流到第三功能块F3之前，并且继续调节变化器8。而如果在第三检查步骤S3期间获知输出端4的转速小于限定的阈值，那么就分流到第四功能块F4并且立即断开换向离合器5A和5B，而范围离合器29保持在闭合的运行状态下，以便使输出端4经由变化器8抗相对转动地保持以及可靠地避免可移动的做功机械在斜坡位置中发生不期望的溜车。
图6示出了图4所述的做法的第二变型方案，其在相同的范围中包括两个图5中所述的检查步骤S1和S2以及在两个功能块F1和F2期间执行的流程。与图5所述的第一变型方案不同地，在第二变型方案中，在第二检查步骤S2的询问结果是肯定的情况下分流到第五功能块F5，经由该第五功能块立即断开换向离合器5A和5B，而范围离合器29保持在闭合的运行状态下。附加地，通过相应地调节或枢转变化器8，在换向离合器5A和5B的断开过程期间，输出端4的转速已经被向零的方向引导。这意味着，在根据图6的第二变型方案中，立即断开换向离合器5A和5B，并且随后才将变化器8枢转到用于表现车辆停车所请求的位置中。
根据图4的做法的图5所述的第一变型方案相对于图6所述的第二变型方案具有的优点是，通过驱动机2与输出端联接直至达到车辆停车，使得以简单的方式和方法避免了在变化器8的区域内的由于高转速所导致的不允许的负载。
附图标记列表
1 车辆传动系
2 驱动机
3 传动装置
4 输出端
5 换向传动装置
5A、5B 换向离合器
6 行星传动装置
7 范围传动装置
8 变化器、液压调节器单元
9 能受驱动的车桥
10 传动装置输入轴
11 固定轮
12 固定轮
13 动力输出装置
14 空转轮
15 空转轮
16 行星架
17 空转轮
18 双行星轮
19 第一太阳轮
20 第二太阳轮
21 齿圈
22 轴
23 第一液压机械
25 固定轮
26 固定轮
27 轴
28 第二液压机械
29 摩擦锁合的切换元件
30 空转轮
31 固定轮
32 固定轮
33 固定轮
34 摩擦锁合的切换元件
35 空转轮
36 固定轮
36A 固定轮
37 传动装置输出轴
38 可调节的磁轭
39、40 轴线
50 轴
60 控制器
61 微机
62 末级
65 操作元件
66 控制软件
67 第一模块
68 第二模块
69 第三模块
S1-S3 检查步骤
F1-F5 功能块

Claims (7)

1.一种用于运行具有带次级联接部的功率分流式无级传动装置(3)的车辆传动系(1)的方法，所述传动装置包括换向传动装置(5)、行星传动装置(6)、范围传动装置(7)和变化器(8)，其中，经由所述换向传动装置(5)的换向离合器(5A、5B)能够调整所述传动装置(3)的转动方向并且能够建立所述传动装置(3)与驱动机(2)之间的动力流，而在行星传动装置(6)中，由所述驱动机(2)提供的转矩能够经由第一功率路径和具有所述变化器(8)的第二功率路径以及经由所述范围传动装置(7)的切换元件(29、34)施加在所述车辆传动系(1)的与所述传动装置(3)连接的输出端(4)的区域内，并且其中，当在所述范围传动装置(7)中经由范围离合器建立所述输出端(4)与所述变化器(8)之间的动力流时，在所述换向传动装置(5)的换向离合器(5A、5B)的断开的运行状态下，施予在所述输出端(4)上的转矩能够经由所述范围传动装置(7)在所述变化器(8)上被支持，其特征在于，在存在有用于分开车辆传动系(1)中在所述驱动机(2)与所述输出端(4)之间的动力流的请求时检查实施有所述车辆传动系(1)的车辆是否位于斜坡位置中，其中，当所述实施有所述车辆传动系(1)的车辆位于斜坡位置中时，所述驱动机(2)与所述传动装置(3)之间的动力流最晚在所述输出端的转速达到零时通过断开所述换向离合器(5A、5B)来分开，而经由所述范围传动装置(7)维持所述输出端(4)与所述变化器(8)之间的作用连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述驱动机(2)与所述输出端(4)之间存在有动力流时，当所述实施有所述车辆传动系(1)的车辆位于斜坡位置中时，通过调节所述变化器(8)的传动比来使所述输出端(4)的转速向零的方向引导，并且在所述输出端(4)的转速小于限定的阈值的情况下，通过操作所述换向传动装置(5)的换向离合器(5A、5B)来分开所述驱动机(2)与所述输出端(4)之间的动力流，而所述变化器(8)与所述输出端(4)之间的动力流经由所述范围传动装置(7)来维持。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，调节所述变化器(8)的传动比直至所述输出端(4)的转速小于所述阈值。
4.根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述输出端(4)的转速的所述阈值接近为零或等于零。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，当所述实施有所述车辆传动系(1)的车辆位于斜坡位置中时，通过操作所述换向传动装置(5)的换向离合器(5A、5B)来分开所述驱动机(2)与所述输出端(4)之间的动力流，而通过调节所述变化器(8)的传动比来使所述输出端(4)的转速朝零的方向引导并且经由所述范围传动装置(7)维持所述变化器(8)与所述输出端(4)之间的动力流。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，当所述实施有所述车辆传动系(1)的车辆并不位于斜坡位置中时，不仅在所述换向传动装置(5)的区域内分开所述驱动机(2)与所述输出端(4)之间的动力流，而且在所述范围传动装置(7)的区域内分开所述输出端(4)与所述变化器(8)之间的动力流。
7.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，为了确定斜坡位置，对倾斜传感器的信号进行分析。
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