CN106882077B - Electric vehicle quick power conversion system realized based on shared battery and operation method thereof - Google Patents
Electric vehicle quick power conversion system realized based on shared battery and operation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106882077B CN106882077B CN201710303163.0A CN201710303163A CN106882077B CN 106882077 B CN106882077 B CN 106882077B CN 201710303163 A CN201710303163 A CN 201710303163A CN 106882077 B CN106882077 B CN 106882077B
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
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- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 43
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 43
- QELJHCBNGDEXLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel zinc Chemical compound [Ni].[Zn] QELJHCBNGDEXLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 claims description 24
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- BFDHFSHZJLFAMC-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(ii) hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ni+2] BFDHFSHZJLFAMC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cd] OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
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- TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibismuth;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Bi+3].[Bi+3] TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60S—SERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60S5/00—Servicing, maintaining, repairing, or refitting of vehicles
- B60S5/06—Supplying batteries to, or removing batteries from, vehicles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/1393—Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
- B60L2200/24—Personal mobility vehicles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M10/4257—Smart batteries, e.g. electronic circuits inside the housing of the cells or batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/60—Electric or hybrid propulsion means for production processes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an electric vehicle quick power conversion system realized based on a shared battery and an operation method thereof. The electric motor car quick battery replacement system includes: the electric vehicle is provided with a battery compartment for accommodating the shared battery, and the battery can be taken out and put in from the side surface of the electric vehicle; the power exchange station comprises a battery storage chamber for storing full-charge batteries and no-charge batteries and power exchange equipment for rapidly exchanging the no-charge batteries on the electric vehicle into the full-charge batteries; the battery factory, the battery that lacks the electricity from the electric motor car to change is sent to the battery factory and carries on the concentrated charging through the logistics network, the battery that the battery factory finishes charging is sent to each and trades the power station through the logistics network, and the battery factory maintains, retrieves, recreates the battery of question; the power plant transmits electric energy generated by wind, water or light power generation equipment to the battery plant to provide electric energy sources for the battery plant. The electric vehicle rapid power-changing system thoroughly breaks and solves the dilemma of the traditional electric vehicle 'plug-in' charging mode through the industrialized centralized charging mode of rapid 'power-changing'.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an electric vehicle quick power change system based on a shared battery and an operation method of the electric vehicle quick power change system, and belongs to the technical field of electric vehicle battery replacement.
Background
At present, electric vehicles, including pure electric vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles, mostly use lithium batteries to charge in a plug-in manner, and the plug-in charging manner needs to be established based on modes such as 'vehicle-electricity integration', 'one vehicle-one pile', 'long stop charging', 'scattered charging', and the like. In view of the current situation of popularization of electric vehicles, the above-mentioned "plug-in" charging mode has seriously hampered manufacturing and production of electric vehicles, and cannot realize large-scale commercialization, and the reason is that the "plug-in" charging mode mainly has the following drawbacks:
first, the "car-electric" mode, in which the vehicle is tied to the battery, makes it necessary for the vehicle to rely on a "charging stake" when charging.
Second, each vehicle must occupy one charging stake, i.e., "one stake per car" during charging. The installation and arrangement of the charging piles are necessarily provided with fixed parking spaces, which makes it difficult to realize the arrangement of a sufficient number of charging piles in cities with extremely tight land resources and parking space resources and extremely difficult power transformation, and thus the drivers often feel anxiety when the drivers cannot find the charging piles to charge in the driving process.
Third, the problem of "long stop charging" is to stop charging, but also to take up a long time for charging. This can result in the driver having to stop waiting for a lengthy charging process (which can also involve long queuing times) even if he finds the charging stake.
Fourth, the "decentralized charging" means that the driver needs to find the charging pile or install the charging pile with high price by himself or herself to insert the electricity for charging. This way of self-charging operation clearly presents a great potential safety hazard for electricity.
Therefore, the charging mode capable of replacing the plug-in charging mode is designed, so that the electric vehicle is not laborious, time-consuming and mental-consuming in charging, and the charging mode is a problem which needs to be solved urgently at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an electric vehicle quick power-changing system based on a shared battery and an operation method of the electric vehicle quick power-changing system, and the electric vehicle quick power-changing system thoroughly breaks through and solves the dilemma of the traditional electric vehicle 'plug-in' charging mode through the industrialized centralized charging mode of quick power-changing.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an electric vehicle quick power change system based on shared battery is realized, its characterized in that: it comprises the following steps:
the electric vehicle is provided with a battery compartment for accommodating the shared battery, the battery and the electric vehicle are independent and can be separated from each other, and the battery is taken out and put in from the side surface of the electric vehicle;
the battery replacement station comprises a battery storage chamber for storing full-charge batteries and no-charge batteries, and a battery replacement device for quickly replacing the no-charge batteries on the electric vehicle with the full-charge batteries;
the battery factory, the battery that lacks from the electric motor car to change is sent to the battery factory through the logistics network and is charged intensively, the full battery that the battery factory finishes charging is sent to each and trades the electric station through the logistics network, and the battery factory maintains, retrieves, regenerates the battery of question;
a power plant that delivers electrical energy generated by wind, water or photovoltaic power generation equipment to a battery plant, providing a source of electrical energy for the battery plant.
The operation method of the electric vehicle rapid power conversion system based on the shared battery is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the power plant sends self-generated electric energy to the battery factory, the battery factory carries out concentrated charging operation on the electricity-shortage batteries, and then the full-charge batteries are sent to each electricity-conversion station through a logistics network, wherein:
when a driver receives a battery power shortage prompt, driving the vehicle to the power conversion station;
the battery replacement station rapidly replaces a battery which is lack of electricity on the electric vehicle with a full-charge battery by adopting a mode of pushing/pulling the battery from the side face of the vehicle through the battery replacement equipment;
and the electricity-lacking batteries of the electricity-changing station are sent to the battery factory for centralized charging through a logistics network.
The invention has the advantages that:
the invention thoroughly solves various defects caused by 'car electricity integration', 'car one pile', 'long stop charging', 'scattered charging' of the traditional electric car in a 'plug-in' charging mode, based on shared batteries, the batteries with fast 'electricity replacement' are adopted, and are sent to all electricity replacement stations on various road sections established based on low-price electricity replacement equipment through a logistics network in an industrialized centralized charging mode, so that the batteries of the electric car can be quickly replaced at any time and any place, and the relay electricity replacement stations are arranged on the road, thereby achieving the purpose of infinite endurance, realizing the characteristics of 'random electricity replacement', 'quick and equal full replacement', 'instant departure', 'infinite endurance', and enabling the electric car to become a favorite transportation tool of people, and providing a feasible scheme for the development of new energy electric cars.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the composition of the quick power-changing system of the electric vehicle.
Fig. 2 is a graph of discharge capacity of a graphene-free nickel zinc cell versus a graphene nickel zinc cell of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the electric vehicle rapid power conversion system based on the shared battery of the invention comprises:
the electric vehicle 10, the electric vehicle 10 is provided with a battery compartment for placing the shared battery, the battery and the electric vehicle 10 are independent and can be separated from each other, and the battery can be taken out and put in from the side surface of the electric vehicle 10;
the battery exchange station 20, the battery exchange station 20 can be set up reasonably throughout the roadside street corner, the battery exchange station 20 comprises a battery storage room for storing full battery (full-power shared battery) and no-power battery (no-full shared battery), and a battery exchange device for quickly exchanging the no-power battery on the electric vehicle 10 for the full-power battery;
the battery factory 30, the battery that lacks electricity from the electric motor car 10 is sent to the battery factory 30 and concentrated to charge through the logistics network, the full battery that battery factory 30 charges is sent to each and trades the power station 20 through the logistics network, and the battery factory 30 maintains, retrieves, regenerates the problem battery (sharing battery that can not normally use);
the power plant 40, the power plant 40 supplies electric energy (self-generated electricity) generated by wind or water or a photovoltaic power generation device to the battery plant 30, and supplies the battery plant 30 with an electric energy source.
In practical application, a plurality of power exchange stations 20 are reasonably arranged at the street corner of the city roadside according to the city power exchange requirement, and at least one battery factory 30 and at least one power plant 40 are arranged at the periphery of the city. The cost of the power exchange station 20 is mainly battery storage room and power exchange equipment, and the construction and operation cost is thousands yuan, so that the power exchange station can be widely popularized, and the reasonable design of the number of the power exchange stations is one of key factors for the operation of the quick power exchange system of the electric vehicle.
In actual practice, the electric vehicle 10 is sold without a battery itself, but the battery is provided to the vehicle owner for free in the form of deposit, in other words, the vehicle owner spends only the deposit fee of the battery and the charged electricity fee.
In the present invention, the shared battery may be a lithium series battery (such as a ternary lithium battery, a lithium iron phosphate battery, etc.) or a lead-acid battery or a nickel-hydrogen battery or a nickel-cadmium battery or a nickel-zinc battery, preferably a graphene nickel-zinc battery, although other types of batteries are also possible.
Further, the graphene nickel-zinc battery comprises a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate, wherein the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate are made of electrode plate materials produced by an electrode plate material preparation process, and the electrode plate materials are prepared from the following components in percentage by weight: the preparation process of the electrode plate material comprises the following steps:
1) Mixing an electrode plate active material with graphene, and then adding the obtained mixed material into distilled water to dilute and stir uniformly;
2) Putting the diluted mixed material into a ball mill to prepare a bin;
3) And circularly carrying out variable-speed ball milling treatment for a plurality of times under the condition of vacuumizing a preparation bin and keeping constant temperature, wherein: the rotational speed is increased step by step and then is reduced step by step to be a period (namely, the rotational speed is increased step by step and then is reduced step by step to be a variable speed ball milling treatment process), and the speed change times of the step-by-step speed increasing process are the same as or different from the speed change times of the step-by-step speed reducing process;
4) And dehydrating and drying a product obtained by variable-speed ball milling treatment to obtain a composite electrode plate material with uniform graphene and fully coated with active materials, wherein the composite electrode plate material is used for manufacturing an electrode plate.
In the present invention, stepwise means that the rotation speed is stepwise increased or decreased in steps in accordance with a plurality of steps (each step corresponds to a predetermined rotation speed range) which are set.
In the actual preparation: when preparing a positive electrode plate material, the electrode plate active material comprises nickel hydroxide; when preparing the negative electrode plate material, the electrode plate active material includes zinc oxide.
In the field of batteries, in addition to nickel hydroxide which is a main material, auxiliary materials such as cobalt oxide (CoO), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and the like can be added into an electrode plate active material for preparing a positive electrode plate material, and the auxiliary materials can be reasonably selected according to actual preparation requirements and are not limited. Similarly, the electrode plate active material for preparing the negative electrode plate material can be added with auxiliary materials such as bismuth oxide, lead oxide, calcium hydroxide, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and the like besides the main material zinc oxide, and the auxiliary materials can be reasonably selected according to actual preparation requirements without limitation.
For mixed materials: when preparing the positive electrode plate material, the electrode plate active material accounts for 95-98.5% of the total weight of the mixture, and the graphene accounts for 5-1.5% of the total weight of the mixture; when the negative electrode plate material is prepared, the electrode plate active material accounts for 97% -98.5% of the total weight of the mixture, and the graphene accounts for 3% -1.5% of the total weight of the mixture.
Illustrating:
when preparing the positive electrode plate material: the electrode plate active material and the graphene respectively account for 95 percent and 5 percent of the total weight of the mixture, or the electrode plate active material and the graphene respectively account for 98.5 percent and 1.5 percent of the total weight of the mixture, or the electrode plate active material and the graphene respectively account for 96 percent and 4 percent of the total weight of the mixture, or the electrode plate active material and the graphene respectively account for 97.5 percent and 2.5 percent of the total weight of the mixture.
When preparing the negative electrode plate material: the electrode plate active material and the graphene respectively account for 97 percent and 3 percent of the total weight of the mixture, or the electrode plate active material and the graphene respectively account for 98.5 percent and 1.5 percent of the total weight of the mixture, or the electrode plate active material and the graphene respectively account for 98 percent and 2 percent of the total weight of the mixture.
The mixing ratio of the materials in the electrode plate active materials in the preparation of the positive and negative electrode plates is a well-known technology in the art, and the ratio relationship between the main material and the auxiliary material is not limited as required.
When the electrode plate active material is mixed with graphene, the main material and the auxiliary material of the electrode plate active material are added with distilled water together with the graphene to be uniformly mixed.
In step 3), a period may be defined as:
the method comprises the steps of running for T1 time at a critical rotation speed of A1%, running for T2 time at a critical rotation speed of A2%, running for T3 time at a critical rotation speed of A3%, running for T4 time at a critical rotation speed of A4%, completing a step-by-step speed increasing process, running for T5 time at a critical rotation speed of B1%, running for T6 time at a critical rotation speed of B2%, running for T7 time at a critical rotation speed of B3%, and running for T8 time at a critical rotation speed of B4%, and completing a step-by-step speed decreasing process;
wherein:
a1, A2, A3, A4, B1, B2, B3, B4 are positive real numbers larger than 0 and smaller than 100, A1 < A2 < A3 < A4, B1 > B2 > B3 > B4, in actual implementation, A1, A2, A3, A4, B1, B2, B3, B4 can be equal or unequal, A1 and B4, A2 and B3, A3 and B2, A4 and B1 can be equal or unequal,
t1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8 are positive real numbers greater than 0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8 can be equal or unequal, and T1 and T8, T2 and T7, T3 and T6, T4 and T5 can be equal or unequal.
In practical design, the preferred settings are as follows: a1 The operations and control are convenient because of the values of =b4, a2=b3, a3=b2, a4=b1, t1=t8, t2=t7, t3=t6, and t4=t5, and the time period of the variable-speed ball milling process is preferably set to about 30 minutes, and is preferably set to 4 to 8 hours.
In the present invention, the critical rotation speed is an intrinsic parameter of the ball mill of a well-known device, and therefore, the description thereof is omitted here.
Illustrating: preferably, a period may be set as follows: the step-up process is completed by running at 15% critical speed for 30 minutes, then at 30% critical speed for 30 minutes, then at 50% critical speed for 30 minutes, and finally at 70% critical speed for 30 minutes, and the step-down process is completed by running at 70% critical speed for 30 minutes, then at 50% critical speed for 30 minutes, then at 30% critical speed for 30 minutes, and finally at 15% critical speed for 30 minutes.
It should be noted that, preferably, the magnitude of each speed increase during the gradual speed increase is the same, and likewise, the magnitude of each speed decrease during the gradual speed decrease is the same. And further preferably, for the same level in the stepwise increasing and decreasing process, the speed increasing amplitude of each level is the same as the speed decreasing amplitude at the same level.
In the present invention, the temperature of the preparation chamber is between 40 degrees and 50 degrees, preferably kept at 48 degrees.
The following table lists various properties of the graphene nickel zinc battery manufactured by the electrode plate material prepared by the electrode plate material preparation process, wherein the following variable speed ball milling treatment process (cycle) is circularly performed twice: 15% critical rotation speed for 30 minutes, 30% critical rotation speed for 30 minutes, 50% critical rotation speed for 30 minutes, 70% critical rotation speed for 30 minutes, 50% critical rotation speed for 30 minutes, 30% critical rotation speed for 30 minutes, and 15% critical rotation speed for 30 minutes.
Performance comparison table for surface nickel zinc battery and graphene nickel zinc battery
From the above table, it can be seen that the graphene nickel-zinc battery has excellent performance in terms of specific energy, specific power, charging speed, discharge rate, discharge capacity, cycle life and the like, compared with the nickel-zinc battery without graphene. The energy density of the graphene nickel zinc battery can reach 90 Wh/Kg-110 Wh/Kg, and the cycle service life is not less than 1000 times.
In addition, fig. 2 shows a graph of discharge capacity of a nickel zinc battery without graphene versus a graphene nickel zinc battery. As can be seen from fig. 2, the graphene nickel-zinc battery has significantly increased discharge capacity, longer discharge duration, and significantly improved battery performance compared with the nickel-zinc battery without graphene.
Mention may be made of: the application of the graphene in the field of batteries is based on various characteristics of the graphene, such as good electric conductivity and heat conductivity, and the electric conductivity can reach 10 8 Omega/m, surface resistance of about 31 omega/sq (310 omega/m) 2 ) Lower than copper or silver, is the most conductive material at room temperature, has a large specific surface area (2630 m 2 The battery made of the material has good capacitance performance, can realize quick charge), and has thermal conductivity (5000 W.m. at room temperature -1 ·K -1 ) Is 36 times of silicon, 20 times of gallium arsenide, ten times of copper (401 W.m.K at room temperature), has extremely high strength and flexibility, good optical properties and is widely used in physics and materials.
The graphene nickel-zinc battery is developed based on a nickel-zinc battery, has the advantages of quick charge, good deep discharge, high discharge rate, long cycle service life (realized by the conductivity of graphene) and the like, and is lower in cost than a nickel-zinc material.
However, just because graphene has good strength and flexibility, how to make graphene realize effective, uniform and full coating on nickel hydroxide and zinc oxide electrode plate materials is a difficult problem, which needs to uniformly and fully disperse the graphene materials, and the electrode plate material preparation process well solves the difficult problem.
The graphene nickel zinc battery has the advantages of being extremely safe, pollution-free, low in manufacturing cost, high in recovery rate, high in power density, long in circulating service life and the like, so that the rapid power-changing industrialized centralized charging mode constructed by the invention can be effectively and reasonably implemented.
Further, for the power exchange station 20, the power exchange device may include a movable battery loading and unloading platform with height adjustment, on which a push-pull mechanism is disposed, and the push-pull mechanism performs a battery replacement operation on a plurality of batteries disposed in the battery compartment of the electric vehicle 10, where the battery replacement operation is to simultaneously execute a power-shortage battery taking out and a full-power battery putting in, where: the battery with no electricity is taken out by pushing or pulling, and the battery with full electricity is put in by pulling or pushing.
It should be noted that the adoption of the power conversion device enables quick power conversion, and the power conversion can be completed within a few minutes or even 1 minute, so that time and labor are saved.
For a specific structure of the battery replacing device, refer to the disclosure in chinese patent No. 201310164242.X, entitled "an electric vehicle with a battery replacing device and a battery replacing device by lateral linkage at a vehicle bottom".
Preferably, the self-electricity generation can be realized by using the generator disclosed in China patent No. 200910210773.1 and entitled "multistage impeller wind driven generator", and the multistage impeller wind driven generator can run to generate electricity under breeze with wind speed of 2m/s, can safely generate electricity under strong wind, has extremely high adaptability and can be installed and used according to the condition of a power plant.
As shown in fig. 1, the electric vehicle rapid power conversion system of the present invention further includes an internet information platform 50, where the internet information platform 50 communicates with a vehicle-mounted monitoring device set in the electric vehicle 10, a power conversion monitoring device set in the power conversion station 20, a factory monitoring system set in the battery factory 30, and a power transmission monitoring system set in the power plant 40, respectively, where:
an intelligent chip for monitoring the performance (electric quantity, temperature and the like) of the battery can be arranged in the battery, and the intelligent chip is communicated with the vehicle-mounted monitoring equipment; the vehicle-mounted monitoring equipment displays the electric quantity of the battery and reminds that the battery is out of charge;
through the Internet information platform 50, the vehicle-mounted monitoring equipment displays and navigates the power conversion station 20 meeting the requirements of drivers;
after a driver confirms the power change through a card swiping operation or a mobile terminal (such as a mobile phone) APP program, the power change monitoring equipment of the power change station 20 starts the power change equipment to execute battery change operation, or station staff starts the power change equipment to execute battery change operation through the power change monitoring equipment, and after the battery is changed, the power charge settlement is completed for the driver through the Internet information platform 50;
after the factory monitoring system of the battery factory 30 determines the full battery to run out or the battery replacement station 20 to be about to run out through the internet information platform 50, the battery factory 30 sends the full battery to the battery replacement station 20 through a logistics network and sends the lack battery back to the battery factory 30 for centralized charging;
the plant monitoring system of the battery plant 30 counts the battery replacement conditions of all the battery replacement sites 20 through the internet information platform 50, so as to request the transmission monitoring system of the power plant 40 to transmit the self-generated electric energy through the internet information platform 50, and arrange the battery charging operation.
In actual design, the intelligent chip on the battery can also design the functions of tracking, positioning, detecting and feeding back the working condition of the battery and the like according to actual requirements.
The invention also provides an operation method aiming at the electric vehicle rapid power conversion system, which comprises the following steps:
the power plant 40 sends self-generated electric energy to the battery plant 30, the battery plant 30 performs centralized charging operation on the lack batteries, and then sends full-charged batteries to each power exchange station 20 through a logistics network, wherein:
when the driver receives the battery shortage reminding, driving the vehicle to a certain power exchange station 20;
the power exchange station 20 rapidly exchanges the battery which is lack of power on the electric vehicle 10 for a full-power battery by adopting a mode of pushing/pulling the battery from the side of the vehicle through power exchange equipment;
the battery of the battery exchange station 20 is sent to the battery factory 30 for concentrated charging through a logistics network.
Thereby forming an energy-saving environment-friendly self-circulation energy supply nascent state.
In actual practice, the driver can search and navigate through the internet information platform 50 to reach the battery exchange site 20 that meets his own needs (e.g., closest to the battery exchange site). And an intelligent chip for monitoring the performance (electric quantity, temperature and the like) of the battery can be arranged in the battery so as to send out a battery power shortage reminding to a driver.
In practical implementation, after the driver confirms the battery replacement through the card swiping operation or the APP program of the mobile terminal (such as a mobile phone), the battery replacement operation can be started immediately by the battery replacement equipment, and after the battery replacement is completed, the driver can finish the electric charge settlement through the card swiping operation or the APP program operation of the mobile terminal.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the invention thoroughly solves various defects caused by 'vehicle-electricity integration', 'one vehicle-one pile', 'long stop charging', 'scattered charging' of the traditional electric vehicle in a 'plug-in' charging mode, realizes the quick battery replacement of the electric vehicle at any time and any place by adopting an industrialized centralized charging mode of quick 'power replacement' based on shared batteries, achieves the purpose of infinite endurance, and has no requirement on one-time charging driving mileage.
1) "vehicle-to-electricity separation". The shared battery used in the invention is a battery which can be separated from the electric vehicle, and all electric vehicles or electric vehicles of all brands can share the battery together.
2) In the invention, the sharing is completed by freely replacing at the power exchange station, namely, the electric vehicle finds the power exchange station required by the electric vehicle under the guidance of information provided by an Internet information platform, and the power exchange equipment is used for rapidly replacing the power failure battery and the full-charge battery so as to realize the unlimited endurance mileage. The method for replacing the battery at the power exchange station does not need to use one car for one pile, and relieves the current situation that the land resources and parking space resources are extremely tense.
3) "stand waiting for full charge" replaces "long stop charging". The battery replacement charging mode and the quick power replacement measure by adopting the power replacement equipment can finish the power replacement within a few minutes or even within 1 minute, thereby greatly bringing convenience to drivers and saving time and labor.
4) The concentrated charging replaces the scattered charging, avoids the potential safety hazard of electricity consumption existing in the automatic charging operation of the vehicle owner, can effectively ensure the charging efficiency of the battery, and prolongs the service life of the battery.
2. The invention constructs and realizes a self-circulation business mode of electricity generation, charging and electricity conversion, and has the novel ecological characteristics of low cost, high benefit, large scale and marketization compared with the existing pure electric vehicle market.
In the invention, in order to reduce the production cost, the self-generating electricity generated by generating equipment such as wind, water, light and the like is used, and the self-generating electricity has the advantages of being a complete clean energy source, enabling a quick electricity changing system of the electric vehicle to be more environment-friendly and having the advantages of energy saving and emission reduction.
In addition, the invention establishes a battery factory, ensures that the battery can be charged, maintained, recovered, reproduced, manufactured and the like with high efficiency, low cost and guaranteed quality.
3. In the invention, the electric vehicle is not provided with a battery when purchasing, but the battery is not purchased by a vehicle owner, and is completely provided for the vehicle owner for free. In practical implementations, however, certain battery deposits may be collected in order to avoid problems such as battery loss, damage, or sub-charge, counterfeit or the like.
4. The invention adopts the graphene nickel-zinc battery with the advantages of extremely safety, no pollution, low manufacturing cost, high recovery rate, high power density, long service life of circulation and the like, and the graphene nickel-zinc battery enables the industrialized centralized charging mode of rapid power change to be effectively and reasonably implemented and operated. The recovery and reconstruction rate of the graphene nickel-zinc battery can reach more than 95%, and the manufacturing cost of the graphene nickel-zinc battery is only one third of that of a lithium series battery, and the recovery and reconstruction rate of the lithium series battery is only 15%.
5. The battery compartment on the electric vehicle can realize the functions of battery placement and quick replacement so as to realize quick power replacement.
6. The Internet information platform enables informatization and intellectualization to become souls and brains of the rapid power-changing industrialized centralized charging mode, and can monitor, control and operate the whole system in real time so as to ensure normal and stable operation of the whole system.
The foregoing is a description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles applied thereto, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that any modifications, equivalent changes, simple substitutions and the like based on the technical scheme of the present invention can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An electric vehicle quick power change system based on shared battery is realized, its characterized in that: it comprises the following steps:
the electric vehicle is provided with a battery compartment for accommodating the shared battery, the battery and the electric vehicle are independent and can be separated from each other, and the battery is taken out and put in from the side surface of the electric vehicle;
the battery replacement station comprises a battery storage chamber for storing full-charge batteries and battery replacement equipment for quickly replacing the full-charge batteries with the full-charge batteries on the electric vehicle, wherein based on an internet information platform, after a driver confirms the battery replacement through a card swiping operation or a mobile terminal APP program, the battery replacement monitoring equipment of the battery replacement station starts the battery replacement equipment to execute battery replacement operation, the battery replacement operation is to simultaneously execute the taking-out of the full-charge batteries and the putting-in of the full-charge batteries, the taking-out of the full-charge batteries is carried out in a push or pull mode, and the putting-in of the full-charge batteries is carried out in a pull or push mode;
the battery factory, the battery that lacks from the electric motor car to change is sent to the battery factory through the logistics network and is charged intensively, the full battery that the battery factory finishes charging is sent to each and trades the electric station through the logistics network, and the battery factory maintains, retrieves, regenerates the battery of question;
a power plant that delivers electric energy generated by wind, water or a photovoltaic power generation device to a battery plant, providing a source of electric energy for the battery plant;
the battery is a graphene nickel-zinc battery, the graphene nickel-zinc battery comprises a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate, the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate are made of electrode plate materials produced through an electrode plate material preparation process, wherein: the preparation process of the electrode plate material comprises the following steps:
1) Mixing the electrode plate active material with graphene, and adding the mixture into distilled water to dilute and stir uniformly;
2) Putting the diluted mixed material into a preparation bin of a ball mill;
3) And (3) vacuumizing a preparation bin, and circularly performing variable-speed ball milling treatment for a plurality of times under the condition of keeping constant temperature, wherein: the rotating speed is increased step by step and then is reduced step by step to be a period, and the speed change times of the step-by-step speed increasing process are the same as or different from the speed change times of the step-by-step speed reducing process;
4) And dehydrating and drying a product obtained by variable-speed ball milling treatment to obtain the composite electrode plate material with uniform graphene and fully coated with the active material.
2. The electric vehicle quick change system based on shared battery implementation as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the electric vehicle is sold without the battery, but the battery is provided to the vehicle owner in a deposit form for free.
3. The electric vehicle quick change system based on shared battery implementation as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
when the positive electrode plate material is prepared by the electrode plate material preparation process, the electrode plate active material comprises nickel hydroxide, the electrode plate active material accounts for 95-98.5% of the total weight of the mixture, and the graphene accounts for 5-1.5% of the total weight of the mixture;
when the negative electrode plate material is prepared by the electrode plate material preparation process, the electrode plate active material comprises zinc oxide, the electrode plate active material accounts for 97% -98.5% of the total weight of the mixture, and the graphene accounts for 3% -1.5% of the total weight of the mixture.
4. The electric vehicle quick change system based on shared battery implementation as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the period is defined as:
the method comprises the steps of operating for T1 time at a critical rotation speed of A1%, then operating for T2 time at a critical rotation speed of A2%, then operating for T3 time at a critical rotation speed of A3%, and finally operating for T4 time at a critical rotation speed of A4%, so as to complete a gradual speed increasing process;
the method comprises the steps of operating for T5 time at a critical rotation speed of B1%, then operating for T6 time at a critical rotation speed of B2%, then operating for T7 time at a critical rotation speed of B3%, and finally operating for T8 time at a critical rotation speed of B4%, so as to complete a gradual speed reduction process;
wherein: a1, A2, A3, A4, B1, B2, B3, B4 are positive real numbers greater than 0 and less than 100, A1 < A2 < A3 < A4, B1 > B2 > B3 > B4, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8 are positive real numbers.
5. The electric vehicle quick change system based on shared battery implementation as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the battery replacement equipment comprises a movable battery loading and unloading platform which can walk and adjust the height, a push-pull mechanism is arranged on the battery loading and unloading platform, and the push-pull mechanism carries out battery replacement operation on a plurality of batteries arranged in the battery compartment of the electric vehicle.
6. The electric vehicle quick change architecture based on shared battery implementation as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein:
the internet information platform is respectively communicated with vehicle-mounted monitoring equipment arranged in the electric vehicle, power conversion monitoring equipment arranged in the power conversion station, a factory monitoring system arranged in a battery factory and a power transmission monitoring system arranged in a power plant, wherein:
an intelligent chip for monitoring the performance of the battery is arranged in the battery, and the intelligent chip is communicated with the vehicle-mounted monitoring equipment; the vehicle-mounted monitoring equipment displays the electric quantity of the battery and reminds that the battery is out of charge;
the vehicle-mounted monitoring equipment displays and navigates the power exchange station meeting the requirements of drivers through the Internet information platform;
after the battery is replaced, finishing the electricity charge settlement for the driver through the Internet information platform;
after the battery factory determines the full-power battery is used up or the power conversion station which is about to be used up through the internet information platform, the full-power battery is sent to the power conversion station through a logistics network, and the power-shortage battery is sent back to the battery factory for centralized charging;
and the battery factory counts the battery replacement conditions of all the battery replacement stations through the Internet information platform so as to request the power plant to transmit self-generated electric energy through the Internet information platform, thereby arranging battery charging operation.
7. A method of operating a shared battery-based electric vehicle quick change architecture as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it comprises the steps of:
the power plant sends self-generated electric energy to the battery factory, the battery factory carries out concentrated charging operation on the electricity-shortage batteries, and then the full-charge batteries are sent to each electricity-conversion station through a logistics network, wherein:
when a driver receives a battery power shortage prompt, driving the vehicle to the power conversion station;
the battery replacement station rapidly replaces a battery which is lack of electricity on the electric vehicle with a full-charge battery by adopting a mode of pushing/pulling the battery from the side face of the vehicle through the battery replacement equipment;
and the electricity-lacking batteries of the electricity-changing station are sent to the battery factory for centralized charging through a logistics network.
8. The method for operating the electric vehicle rapid battery-changing system based on the shared battery implementation of claim 7, wherein:
the driver searches and navigates to reach the power conversion site meeting the requirement of the driver through the Internet information platform;
an intelligent chip for monitoring the performance of the battery is arranged in the battery so as to send out a battery power shortage reminding to a driver.
9. The method for operating the electric vehicle rapid battery-changing system based on the shared battery implementation of claim 7, wherein:
after a driver confirms the power change through a card swiping operation or a mobile terminal APP program, the power change equipment starts a battery change operation; after the battery is replaced, the electricity fee settlement is completed through card swiping or APP program operation of the mobile terminal.
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