CN106879429A - It is a kind of to postpone the ripe cultural method of vinifera - Google Patents
It is a kind of to postpone the ripe cultural method of vinifera Download PDFInfo
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- CN106879429A CN106879429A CN201710051488.4A CN201710051488A CN106879429A CN 106879429 A CN106879429 A CN 106879429A CN 201710051488 A CN201710051488 A CN 201710051488A CN 106879429 A CN106879429 A CN 106879429A
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- vinifera
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/02—Cultivation of hops or vines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to wine-growing field, and in particular to a kind of ripe cultural method of delay vinifera.After autumn vinifera then harvests, fertilising culture is carried out to vinifera tree body, basis is provided for Second Year vinifera tree body carries out two times result；The vinifera tree body of upper one year is worked by dredging fringe in Second Year spring the vinifera tree body before postponing fruit is managed, managed by pinching and sublateral shoot after young sprout grows postpone fruit inspire work；Carry out postponing the harvesting of fruit after the mid-November of Second Year.The present invention proposes the delay fruit concept of vinifera, realize that vinifera fructescence avoids rainy season, reduce the pest and disease damage of vinifera so that the quality of vinifera fruit is greatly improved, such as pol, acidity, color and luster, and brew grape wine using fruit is postponed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to wine-growing field, and in particular to a kind of ripe cultural method of delay vinifera.
Background technology
Under weather conditions of China's rain heat with season, it is many to there is grape growth season illumination deficiency, rainfall in most area
Cause the situation that grape growth is excessive, grape quality is impacted, particularly on vinifera, due to being essentially outdoor plantation,
Vinifera fruit cannot be effectively protected, and be directly exposed under field conditions, under environmental condition of the rain heat with season, grape
Easy introduced disease.Particularly some Early-medium maturing varieties, because illumination is not enough, the temperature difference is small, humidity is high when grape is near ripe, cause
Grape disease is serious, and fruit quality is poor.
Therefore, it is badly in need of can stagger rain heat same season, production high-quality grapes for vinifera, brewages the side of high-quality wine
Method.Grape is available except in the case of normal outcome in the case of temperature and humidity conditions are suitable due to its growth stage division
Sublateral shoot or hibernaculum carry out result again after sprouting.On Table Grape, this characteristic that grape can also be used carries out Table Grape
Rush morning or postponement production, with stagger production peak, increase economic efficiency.
The content of the invention
For prior art normal outcome time vinifera disease is serious, the problem that fruit quality is poor, the present invention is carried
Postpone the ripe cultural method of vinifera for a kind of, be managed by the vinifera tree body before result, postpone then
Vinifera maturation time, reduces harm influence, produces high-quality vinifera raw material.
To achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：
The present invention provides a kind of cultural method for postponing vinifera maturation, and it is characterized in that, in the wine brewing of autumn then Portugal
After grape harvesting, fertilising culture is carried out to vinifera tree body, basis is provided for Second Year vinifera tree body carries out two times result；
The vinifera tree body of upper one year is managed by dredging fringe work to the grape tree body before postponing fruit in Second Year spring,
Young sprout managed by pinching and sublateral shoot after growing postpone fruit inspire work；Postponed after the mid-November of Second Year
The harvesting of fruit.
Further, the ripe cultivation of vinifera is postponed, its concrete operation step is：
Step 1, vinifera tree body culture：After autumn vinifera then harvests, applied fertilizer to vinifera tree immediately, fertilizer
Species is with appropriate amount composite fertilizer and secondary and micro-element fertilizers, it is ensured that the nutritional sufficiency of vinifera tree based on organic fertilizer
2 years vinifera trees postpone fruit and provide basic condition；
Vinifera tree body management before step 2, delay fruit：After Second Year spring vinifera tree rudiment, according to wine brewing Portugal
Grape normal growth periods are managed, in the first tenday period of a month in May, vinifera bloom before 18-22 days, by dredge fringe vinifera is carried out
Yield is controlled, at the end of May to all removing the sublateral shoot below vinifera tree fruit ear at the beginning of 6 months, more than vinifera fruit ear
Sublateral shoot all retains；
Step 3, postpone fruit and inspire：On the basis of step 2, when the young sprout of vinifera tree grows 10-15 piece leaves, to making
Vitis Labrusca L tree carries out pinching, suppresses leading shoot growth and temporarily retains 2 summer bud sublateral shoots under pinching mouthful, delays the hibernaculum on leading shoot
Sprout, promote Inflorescence Differentiation, remaining sublateral shoot all to erase；After after temporarily stored sublateral shoot semi-lignified, then 2 are cut off from base portion
Summer bud sublateral shoot, stimulates the hibernaculum on leading shoot to sprout, and the fruit ear of institute's band is delay fruit after hibernaculum sprouts.
Step 4, the harvesting for postponing fruit：40-50 days more late than normal fruit of the fruit harvesting time of delayed maturity, in 11 months
Carry out postponing the harvesting of fruit after ten days.
Further, when yield control is carried out to vinifera by dredging fringe in step 2, controlled for normal outcome amount
Between 45%-55%.
The present invention is compared with prior art, it is beneficial that：The delay fruit concept of vinifera is proposed, uva is realized
The real maturity period avoids rainy season, and the pest and disease damage of vinifera is reduced so that the quality of vinifera fruit is greatly improved, such as
Pol, acidity, color and luster etc., and grape wine is brewed using fruit is postponed, specific advantage embodies in the following areas：
(1) it is with strong points：Fundamental issue for influence vinifera material quality proposes solution；
(2) it is workable：According to wine grape growth characteristic, the present invention is scientific and effective for most of grape variety of making wine；
(3) it is safe：Do not use any medicine during second fruiting carries out the fruit maturation cycle to vinifera tree
Control, the natural law is made full use of to improve vinifera material quality, in the absence of food-safety problem and with traditional Portugal
Grape raw material production technology compares, and vinifera exposed to pesticides of the invention is less, and materials safety is higher；
（4）It is best in quality：Vinifera quality is improved on the whole, rather than merely from pol, acidity or colourity in terms of certain,
So as to ensure that vinifera Quality of Liquors gets a promotion.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is flow chart of the method for the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In order that the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are clearer, below in conjunction with 1 couple of present invention of accompanying drawing make into
One step ground, describes in detail.
Embodiment 1：
The present invention is scientific and effective for most of grape variety of making wine according to wine grape growth characteristic, by postponing to make wine
The maturation time of grape, improves the quality of vinifera, reduction vinifera and is corroded by pest and disease damage, it is ensured that raw material in wine brewing link
Quality, normally really refer to according to the normal growth periods of vinifera in the present invention, it is ripe at annual autumn 9-10 parts
Fruit, and postpone fruit and refer to using cultural method of the invention, the fruit of annual after ripening mid-November.
After autumn vinifera then harvests, fertilising culture is carried out to vinifera tree body, be Second Year vinifera
Tree body carries out two times result and provides nutrition foundation；Right is worked by dredging fringe to the vinifera tree body of upper one year in Second Year spring
Postpone the vinifera tree body before fruit to be managed, being managed by pinching and sublateral shoot after young sprout grows carries out postponing inspiring for fruit
Work；Carry out postponing the harvesting of fruit after the mid-November of Second Year.
Implementation of the present invention is simple, and the personnel with related vinifera cultivation technique can complete real through simple training
Apply.This method is implemented to be carried out across year, postpones the ripe cultivation concrete operation step of vinifera as follows.
Step 1, vinifera tree body culture：First Year in 9-10 months that is, then, enters in normal outcome grape maturity
Row autumn vinifera harvesting after, immediately give vinifera tree fertilising, fertilizer type based on organic fertilizer, with appropriate amount composite fertilizer
And secondary and micro-element fertilizers, the nutrition of vinifera tree body is supplemented, nutrition foundation is provided for Second Year vinifera tree postpones fruit,
So that tree body is healthy and strong, it is that fruit is ready twice for Second Year vinifera tree body knot.
Vinifera tree body management before step 2, delay fruit：After Second Year spring vinifera tree rudiment, according to wine
Vitis Labrusca L normal growth periods are managed, 18-22 days before the first tenday period of a month in May, i.e. vinifera bloom, by dredging fringe to wine brewing Portugal
Grape carry out yield control, and it is 1/2 or so of normal growth periods to control the normal outcome amount of Second Year, that is, is controlled in 45%-
Between 55%；
After carrying out dredging fringe work, the sublateral shoot below vinifera tree body fruit ear is all removed at the end of May or at the beginning of 6 months, Portugal of making wine
Sublateral shoot more than grape fruit ear all retains.
Step 3, postpone fruit and inspire：On the basis of step 2, when the young sprout of vinifera tree grows 10-15 piece leaves,
I.e. by the end of June, pinching is carried out to vinifera tree and inspires work, suppressed leading shoot growth and temporarily retain 2 summer buds under pinching mouthful
Sublateral shoot, i.e., remove shoot apex the 2 summer bud sublateral shoots retained under shoot apex, delays the hibernaculum on leading shoot to sprout, and promotes flower
Sequence is broken up, and remaining sublateral shoot is all erased；After after temporarily stored sublateral shoot semi-lignified, then 2 summer bud sublateral shoots are cut off from base portion, pierced
The hibernaculum swashed on leading shoot sprouts, and the fruit ear of institute's band is delay fruit after hibernaculum sprouts.
Step 4, the harvesting for postponing fruit：40-50 days more late than normal fruit of the fruit harvesting time of delayed maturity, in 11 months
Carry out postponing the harvesting of fruit after ten days.
Applied fertilizer to vinifera tree immediately after all plucking normal fruit in the fall every year, the nutrition of supplement vinifera tree body,
Vinifera tree body is respectively carrying out the receipts of normal fruit and second fruit different months every year according to the process of step 1- steps 4
Obtain.Reduced for rainfall after September part, the sunny, temperature difference becomes big vinifera producing region, the cultivation provided by the present invention
Culture method, is especially suitable for producing high-quality vinifera raw material.
In step 2, after the germination of Second Year vinifera, before vinifera blooms, that is, spring vinifera tree
After rudiment, normal production management is carried out, vinifera SPRING WHEAT BEFORE AND AFTER FLOWERING carries out yield control, and such processing method is to ensure just
The key technology means of Chang Guoshi and delay fruit quality, rational yield control both can guarantee that the quality of normal fruit, and can protect
Card postpones the normal mature of fruit.The sublateral shoot control for carrying out at the end of May or at the beginning of 6 months, its main purpose is to inspire the growth for postponing fruit,
Postpone the top that fruit is grown in normal fruit, to ensure fruits nutrition, as far as possible in vinifera frame tolerance range should stay leaf more
Piece, for vinifera fruit provides sufficient nutrition.
In step 3, after delay fruit inspires successfully, normal fruit and delay fruit are grown under identical growing environment,
It is normal ripe really in the state of normal growth periods in the 9-10 months of Second Year, harvesting supply wine brewing can be carried out required
Raw material, and postpone fruit for now also immature, proceed growth, into the stage of step 4, when phase mid-November, prolong
Slow fruit growth and maturity, raw material needed for can carrying out plucking supply wine brewing, realize the second fruiting of vinifera then, and pass through
Yield control to normal fruit, it is ensured that postpone the product and quality of fruit, while not increasing in vinifera tree total result amount
Plus, therefore the damage of excessive production will not be also produced to tree body.
In step 3,1 month or so before the normal fruit predicted mature phase of vinifera, should start to normal fruit
Maturity tracking and monitoring is carried out, to determine the normal fruit harvesting time.
In step 4, after normal fruit harvesting, start to be monitored to postponing fruit, and determined according to wine brewing demand
Optimal collecting time.
Under cultural method in the present invention, normal picking fruit is more due to mature period rainfall, vinifera fruit
Pest and disease damage situation is heavier, and normal year production loss is 20% or so.Vinifera fruit pol is usually no more than 200g/L, acid
Degree 6g/L or so, and fruit colour is shallower.Postpone fruit due to rainy season of having staggered, vinifera fruit pest and disease damage is less, normally
Time production loss is no more than 5%, vinifera fruit pol in more than 220g/L, acidity 8g/L or so, fruit colour depth, product
It is of fine quality good.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that the invention is not restricted to the details of above-mentioned one exemplary embodiment, Er Qie
In the case of without departing substantially from spirit or essential attributes of the invention, the present invention can be in other specific forms realized.Therefore, no matter
From the point of view of which point, embodiment all should be regarded as exemplary, and be nonrestrictive, the scope of the present invention is by appended power
Profit requires to be limited rather than described above, it is intended that all in the implication and scope of the equivalency of claim by falling
Change is included in the present invention.
Moreover, it will be appreciated that although the present specification is described in terms of embodiments, not each implementation method is included
One independent technical scheme, this narrating mode of specification is only that for clarity, those skilled in the art should be by
Used as an entirety, technical scheme in each embodiment can also be through appropriately combined, and forming those skilled in the art can for specification
With the other embodiment for understanding.
Claims (3)
- It is 1. a kind of to postpone the ripe cultural method of vinifera, it is characterised in that：After autumn vinifera then harvests, to making Vitis Labrusca L tree body carries out fertilising culture, and basis is provided for Second Year vinifera tree body carries out two times result；In Second Year spring Vinifera tree body to upper one year is managed by dredging fringe work to postponing the vinifera tree body before fruit, is grown in young sprout Managed by pinching and sublateral shoot afterwards postpone fruit inspire work；Carry out postponing adopting for fruit after the mid-November of Second Year Receive.
- It is 2. a kind of as claimed in claim 1 to postpone the ripe cultural method of vinifera, it is characterised in that：Postpone vinifera Ripe cultivation, its concrete operation step is：Step 1, vinifera tree body culture：After autumn vinifera then harvests, applied fertilizer to vinifera tree immediately, it is ensured that The nutritional sufficiency of vinifera tree, basic condition is provided for Second Year vinifera tree postpones fruit；Vinifera tree body management before step 2, delay fruit：After Second Year spring vinifera tree rudiment, according to wine brewing Portugal Grape normal growth periods are managed, in the first tenday period of a month in May, vinifera bloom before 18-22 days, by dredge fringe vinifera is carried out Yield is controlled, and the sublateral shoot below vinifera tree fruit ear is all removed, and sublateral shoot more than vinifera fruit ear all retains；Step 3, postpone fruit and inspire：On the basis of step 2, when the young sprout of vinifera tree grows 10-15 piece leaves, to making Vitis Labrusca L tree carries out pinching, suppresses leading shoot growth and temporarily retains 2 summer bud sublateral shoots under pinching mouthful, delays the hibernaculum on leading shoot Sprout, promote Inflorescence Differentiation, remaining sublateral shoot all to erase；After after temporarily stored sublateral shoot semi-lignified, then 2 are cut off from base portion Summer bud sublateral shoot, stimulates the hibernaculum on leading shoot to sprout, and the fruit ear of institute's band is delay fruit after hibernaculum sprouts；Step 4, the harvesting for postponing fruit：40-50 days more late than normal fruit of the fruit harvesting time of delayed maturity, early November with Carry out postponing the harvesting of fruit afterwards.
- It is 3. a kind of as claimed in claim 2 to postpone the ripe cultural method of vinifera, it is characterised in that：Lead in step 2 Cross dredge fringe vinifera is carried out yield control when, for normal outcome amount control between 45%-55%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710051488.4A CN106879429A (en) | 2017-01-23 | 2017-01-23 | It is a kind of to postpone the ripe cultural method of vinifera |
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| CN201710051488.4A CN106879429A (en) | 2017-01-23 | 2017-01-23 | It is a kind of to postpone the ripe cultural method of vinifera |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108401779A (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2018-08-17 | 李军 | A kind of implantation methods for capableing of frost protection Arid Desert Area vinifera |
| CN110521485A (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2019-12-03 | 云南藏地天香酒业有限公司 | A kind of growing nursery and culture method of high-quality Riesling white grape |
| CN112568049A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-03-30 | 山东省农业科学院农产品研究所 | Method for adjusting phenological period and improving quality of wine grape chardonnay |
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| CN112568049A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-03-30 | 山东省农业科学院农产品研究所 | Method for adjusting phenological period and improving quality of wine grape chardonnay |
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Application publication date: 20170623 |