CN106867396A - 隔热材料、包含其的隔热组合物和隔热结构 - Google Patents
隔热材料、包含其的隔热组合物和隔热结构 Download PDFInfo
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- CN106867396A CN106867396A CN201611046160.5A CN201611046160A CN106867396A CN 106867396 A CN106867396 A CN 106867396A CN 201611046160 A CN201611046160 A CN 201611046160A CN 106867396 A CN106867396 A CN 106867396A
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- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960003493 octyltriethoxysilane Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- ZZSIDSMUTXFKNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N perylene red Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=CC(C(C)C)=C1N(C(=O)C=1C2=C3C4=C(OC=5C=CC=CC=5)C=1)C(=O)C2=CC(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)=C3C(C(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)=CC1=C2C(C(N(C=3C(=CC=CC=3C(C)C)C(C)C)C1=O)=O)=C1)=C2C4=C1OC1=CC=CC=C1 ZZSIDSMUTXFKNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D4/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, based on organic non-macromolecular compounds having at least one polymerisable carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond ; Coating compositions, based on monomers of macromolecular compounds of groups C09D183/00 - C09D183/16
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
- B32B27/20—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
- B32B3/02—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions
- B32B3/08—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions characterised by added members at particular parts
- B32B3/085—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions characterised by added members at particular parts spaced apart pieces on the surface of a layer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/004—Reflecting paints; Signal paints
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
- C09D7/61—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
- B32B2307/304—Insulating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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- B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种隔热材料,包括:一平板状材料,以及一颜料层,包覆平板状材料。颜料层包括:由硅氧烷官能基形成的一交联结构,以及颜料粒子,散布于交联结构中。本发明亦提供一种包含前述隔热材料的隔热组合物和一种包含前述隔热材料的隔热结构。
Description
技术领域
本发明是有关于隔热材料及隔热组合物、包含其的隔热组合物和隔热结构。
背景技术
全球暖化效应造成世界各地的气候产生极大改变,节能减碳已成为目前最可能的应对策略。目前隔热材料主要应用于建筑屋顶、外墙与窗户,为重要绿色节能产品。
太阳光约有40%是由屋顶或外墙进入室内,而白色屋顶因为具有较高的太阳光反射率(solar reflectance),故为理想中的的冷屋顶(Cool Roof)。然而,考虑到美观及光害问题,现实中多使用深色屋顶为主。但因为深色隔热材料受限于国外进口,造成其价格昂贵且选择少。此外,目前所形成的深色隔热涂料提供的太阳光反射率及隔热性亦不足。
因此,亟需开发一种改良的隔热材料,符合良好太阳光反射率和隔热性的需求。
发明内容
根据一实施例,本发明提供一种隔热材料,包括:一平板状材料,以及一颜料层,包覆平板状材料。颜料层包括:由硅氧烷官能团形成的一交联结构;以及颜料粒子,散布于交联结构中。
根据另一实施例,本发明提供一种隔热组合物,包括:1重量份前述的隔热材料,以及0.1~300重量份的溶剂。
根据又一实施例,本发明提供一种隔热结构,包括:一基板,以及位于基板上的一隔热层。隔热层包括前述的隔热材料,规则地排列于一树脂中,其中隔热材料彼此平行且实质上平行于基板的表面。其中,隔热材料与树脂的重量比介于0.02~10。
附图说明
图1为根据本发明一实施例显示隔热材料的剖面示意图。
图2为根据本发明一实施例显示隔热材料于反应过程的示意图。
图3为根据本发明一实施例显示隔热结构的剖面示意图。
【附图标记说明】
100 隔热材料
102 平板状材料
104 颜料层
106 颜料粒子
200 隔热结构
202 基板
204 隔热层
206 树脂
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明白,以下结合具体实施例,并参照附图,对本发明作进一步的详细说明。
以下依本发明的不同特征举出数个不同的实施例。本发明中特定的组件及安排系为了简化,但本发明并不以这些实施例为限。举例而言,于第二组件上形成第一组件的描述可包括第一组件与第二组件直接接触的实施例,亦包括具有额外的组件形成在第一组件与第二组件之间、使得第一组件与第二组件并未直接接触的实施例。此外,为简明起见,本发明在不同例子中以重复的组件符号及/或字母表示,但不代表所述各实施例及/或结构间具有特定的关系。
隔热涂料优劣主要由隔热涂料的太阳光反射率(例如TSR)决定,一般常用的白色涂料,TSR约90%,所形成的涂膜可反射大部分的红外线。反之,黑色涂料其TSR小于10%,所形成的涂膜反射红外线能力不佳。
根据本发明的实施例,本发明提供一种隔热材料,及包含其的隔热组合物和隔热结构。本发明所述的隔热材料为一种由颜料层包覆平板状材料的结构,其可用于提升所得的隔热组合物和隔热结构的总太阳光反射(total solar relectance;TSR)率并具有较低的L值,可广泛用于建筑、外墙、屋顶、或汽车上。
图1为根据本发明一实施例显示隔热材料100的剖面示意图。如图1所示,在本发明一实施例中,提供一种隔热材料100,包括一平板状材料102以及一颜料层104,且颜料层104包覆平板状材料102。根据一些实施例,本发明所使用的平板状材料102可包括云母(mica)、合成云母(synthetic mica)、湿云母(hygrophilite)、高岭土(kaolin clay)、蒙脱土(montmorillonite)、二氧化硅(silicon dioxide)、片状金属氧化物、片状石板、铝硅酸盐类、或前述的组合。根据一些实施例,本发明所使用的平板状材料102的平均粒径可介于0.1~300μm,例如5~80μm。根据一些实施例,本发明所使用的平板状材料102的平均长径比(长度/厚度之值)可介于10~100,例如20~80。当本发明所使用的平板状材料102的平均长径比过高(即大于100)时,易产生分散不易与涂膜表面粗糙等问题;此外,当本发明所使用的平板状材料102的平均长径比过低(即小于10)时,易产生遮蔽力不佳造成效能不足等问题。
在本发明一实施例中,包覆平板状材料102的颜料层104包括由硅氧烷官能团形成的一交联结构,以及散布于交联结构中的颜料粒子。根据一些实施例,本发明所使用的硅氧烷官能团可具有下列化学式Si(OR)4,其中R可独立地为H或烷基,其中烷基可例如为C1-8的烷基。
前述的硅氧烷官能团可包括:四乙氧基硅烷(Tetraethoxysilane;TEOS)、甲基三乙氧基硅烷(Methyltriethoxysilane;MTES)、正辛基三乙氧基硅烷(n-Octyltriethoxysilane)、或前述的组合。前述硅氧烷官能团经水解后可具有OH基。
根据一些实施例,本发明所使用的颜料粒子可包括黑色颜料粒子、红色颜料粒子、蓝色颜料粒子、绿色颜料粒子、黄色颜料粒子、或前述的组合。各色颜料粒子可单独使用,亦可混合使用。在一实施例中,前述黑色颜料粒子与其他颜色颜料粒子的混合比例(重量比)可介于0.1至5。
本发明所使用的黑色颜料粒子可包括苯胺黑(Aniline Black)、碳黑(CarbonBlack)、硬沥青(Shungite)、灯黑(Lamp black)、藤黑(Vine Black)、骨黑(Bone Black)、石墨(Graphite)、玛斯黑(Mars Black)、铁钛棕尖晶石(Iron Titanium Brown Spinel)、钴黑(Cobalt Black)、锰黑(Manganese Black)、铬绿黑赤铁矿(Chromium Green BlackHematite)、硫化锌(Zinc Sulfide)、矿物黑(Mineral Black)、板岩黑(Slate Black)、锡锑灰(Tin Antimony Gray)、钛钒锑灰(Titanium Vanadium Antimony Gray)、钴镍灰(CobaltNickel Gray)、铁锰黑(Manganese Ferrite Black)、铁钴铬黑(Iron Cobalt ChromiteBlack)、铜铬黑(Copper Chromite Black)、铁钴黑(Iron Cobalt Black)、铬铁镍黑(Chrome Iron Nickel Black)、派力奥根黑(Paliogen Black)、苝黑(Perylene Black)、铁氧化锰(Iron Manganese Oxide)、二硫化钼(Molybdenum Disulfide)、二氧化钛黑(Titanium Dioxide Black)、或前述之组合。本发明所使用的红色颜料粒子可包括甲苯胺红(Toluidine Red)、永固红R(Permanent Red R)、萘酚红DK(Naphthol Red DK)、永固红Y(Permanent Red Y)、萘酚深红AS-TR(Naphthol Crimson Red AS-TR)、永固红F4R(Permanent Red F4R)、萘酚AS红(Naphthol AS Red)、永固枣红TRR(Permanent BordeauxTRR)、甲苯胺紫红(Toluidine Maroon)、永固枣红FGR(Permanent Bordeaux FGR)、永固中紫红(Permanent Maroon Medium)、颜料红17(Pigment Red 17)、芳基紫红(ArylideMaroon)、颜料红21(Pigment Red 21)、萘酚亮红(Naphthol Red Bright)、萘酚深红(Naphthol Red Dark)、萘酚极深红(Naphthol Red Extra Dark)、颜料红32(Pigment Red32)、吡唑啉酮红(Pyrazolone Red)、硫化砷(Arsenic Sulphide)、颜料红47(Pigment Red47)、永固红BB(Permanent Red BB)、永固红BB[FIAT](Permanent Red BB[FIAT])、Irgalite红2BY(Irgalite Red 2BY)、永固红2B(Permanent Red 2B)、立索红LN(LitholRed LN)、钡立索红(Barium Lithol Red)、钙立索红(Calcium Lithol Red)、颜料红52.1(Pigment Red 52.1)、颜料红52.2(Pigment Red 52.2)、色淀红C(Lake Red C)、颜料色淀红C(Pigment Lake Red C)、钠立索宝红(Sodium Lithol Rubine)、立索宝红(LitholRubine)、颜料红57:2(Pigment Red 57:2)、颜料红58:4(Pigment Red 58:4)、永固玫瑰(Permanent Rose)、颜料猩红(Pigment Scarlet)、色淀胭脂红L(Lake Caramine L)、颜料胭脂红3B(Pigment Carmine 3B)、颜料红63(Pigment Red 63)、立索枣红(LitholBordeaux)、立索红GG(Lithol Red GG)、罗丹明6G(Rhodamine 6G)、罗丹明6G[FIAT](Rhodamine 6G[FIAT])、罗丹明YS(Rhodamine YS)、罗丹明YS PTMA(Rhodamine YS PTMA)、茜草红(Alizarin Crimson)、茜素色淀(Alizarin Lake)、印红(Indo Red)、硫靛紫(Thioindigoid Violet)、赛银朱(Vermilionette)、天竺葵色淀(Geranium lake)、颜料红89(Pigment Red 89)、萘酚红AS-D(Naphthol Red AS-D)、(硫化)汞镉红(Mercadium Red)、(硫化)汞镉立德粉红(Mercadium Lithopone Red)、颜料红114(Pigment Red 114)、萘酚红FG(Naphthol Red FG)、萘酚红MEG-DR(Naphthol Red MEG-DR)、喹吖酮红(QuinacridoneRed)、苝猩红(Perylene Scarlet)、偶氮缩合红(Azo Condensation Red)、永固胭脂红(Permanent Carmine)、苝红BX(Perylene Red BX)、颜料红150(Pigment Red 150)、萘酚尿素(Naphthol Carbamide)、蒽醌猩红(Anthradquinone Scarlet)、罗丹明(Rhodamine)、萘酚红AS(Naphthol Red AS)、萘酚红(Naphthol Red)、苯并咪唑酮枣红(BenzimidazoloneBordeaux)、D&C红No.3铝色淀(D&C Red No.3Aluminium Lake)、罗丹明红(RhodamineRed)、颜料红174(Pigment Red 174)、苯并咪唑酮红HFT(Benzimidazolone Red HFT)、苯并咪唑酮胭脂红(Benzimidazolone Carmine)、葱醌红(Anthraquinone Red)、苝紫红(Perylene Maroon)、颜料红4BS(Pigment Red 4BS)、吡咯红(Pyrrole Red)、吡咯猩红(Pyrrole Scarlet)、有机镍紫(Organic Nickel Violet)、、吡咯红宝红(Pyrrole RedRubine)、或前述的组合。
本发明所使用的蓝色颜料粒子可包括维多利亚蓝(Victoria Blue)、维多利亚蓝SMA(Victoria Blue SMA)、颜料蓝9(Pigment Blue 9)、酞菁蓝(Phthalocyanine Blue)、酞菁α蓝(Phthalocyanine Alfa Blue)、Heliogen蓝L 7560(Heliogen Blue L 7560)、酞菁青(Phthalocyanine Cyan)、颜料蓝25(Pigment Blue 25)、普鲁士蓝(Prussian Blue)、钴蓝(Cobalt Blue)、群青蓝(Ultramarine Blue)、碳酸铜(Copper Carbonate)、埃及蓝(Egyptian Blue)、花钳青(Smalt)、锰蓝(Manganese Blue)、硫化铜(Copper sulfide)、天青蓝(Cerulean Blue)、钴铬(Cobalt Chromite)、锌钴铬铝尖晶石(Zinc Cobalt ChromeAluminum Spinel)、射光蓝A5L-G(Reflex Blue A5L-G)、Fastogen蓝5007(Fastogen Blue5007)、钒锆蓝(Zirconium Vanadium Blue)、钴铝锌蓝(Cobalt Zinc Aluminate Blue)、钴硅酸盐蓝(Cobalt Silicate Blue)、、Fastogen蓝10GN(Fastogen Blue 10GN)、铝氯酞菁(Aluminum Chloro-phthalocyanine)、、锡钴铝蓝尖晶石(Cobalt Tin Alumina BlueSpinel)、或前述之组合。
本发明所使用的绿色颜料粒子可包括颜料绿1(Pigment Green 1)、坚牢绿色淀(Fast Green Lake)、3606坚牢绿色淀(3606Fast Green Lake)、酞菁绿BS(PhthalocyanineGreen BS)、亚硝基绿(Nitroso Green)、酞铬绿(Phthalochrome Green)、镉绿(CadmiumGreen)、铬绿(Chrome Green)、锌绿(Zinc Green)、氧化铬绿(Chrome Oxide Green)、铬绿黑赤铁矿(Chromium Green Black Hematite)、铬绿(Viridian)、钴绿(Cobalt Green)、铜绿(Verdigris)、翡翠绿(Emerald Green)、亚砷酸铜(Copper Arsenite)、绿土(GreenEarth)、群绿(Ultramarine Green)、钴铬绿(Cobalt Chromite Green)、酞菁绿YS(Phthalocyanine Green YS)、碱式碳酸铜(Copper Carbonate Hydroxide)、亚铁菁化铜(Copper Ferrocyanide)、铬菁绿(Chromocyanine Green)、维多利亚绿石榴石(VictoriaGreen Garnet)、镍绿橄榄石(Nickel Green Olivine)、或前述的组合。
本发明所使用的黄色颜料粒子可包括汉沙黄G(Hansa Yellow G)、Monolite黄G(Monolite Yellow G)、汉沙黄GR(Hansa Yellow GR)、汉沙黄10G(Hansa Yellow 10G)、芳基化物黄13G(Arylide Yellow 13G)、汉沙黄5G(Hansa Yellow 5G)、汉沙黄3G(HansaYellow 3G)、偶氮黄2GX(Azo Yellow 2GX)、汉沙黄R(Hansa Yellow R)、联苯胺黄G(Benzidine Yellow G)、联苯胺黄GR(Benzidine Yellow GR)、二芳基化物黄AAOT(Diarylide Yellow AAOT)、永久黄NCG(Permanent Yellow NCG)、二芳基化物黄17(Dairylide Yellow 17)、C.I.颜料黄21(C.I.Pigment Yellow 21)、氧氯化铅(LeadOxychloride)、铬酸钡(Barium Chromate)、铬酸锶(Strontium Chromate)、铬酸钙(Calcium Chromate)、铬酸铅(Lead Chromate)、具有硫酸铅的铬酸铅(Lead Chromatewith Lead sulfate)、镉黄(Cadmium Yellow)、镉立德粉黄(Cadmium lithopone Yellow)、锌黄(Zinc Yellow)、碱式锌黄(Basic Zinc Yellow)、镉钡深黄(Cadmium-Barium YellowDeep)、硫化锡(Tin Sulphide)、雌黄(Orpiment)、雄黄(Realgar)、钴黄(Aureoline)、那不勒斯黄(Naples Yellow)、黄色氧化铁(Yellow Iron Oxide)、天然黄色氧化铁(NaturalYellow Iron Oxide)、碱式铬酸镉(Basic cadmium chromate)、铬酸铁(Iron Chromate)、黄丹铅黄(Massicot Litharge)、钛酸铅(Lead Titanate)、氰氨化铅(Lead Cyanamide)、镍锑钛黄金红石(Nickel Antimony Titanium Yellow Rutile)、二芳基化物黄AAPT(Diarylide Yellow AAPT)、颜料黄61(Pigment Yellow 61)、颜料黄62(Pigment Yellow62)、颜料黄62:1(Pigment Yellow 62:1)、汉沙黄65(Hansa yellow 65)、芳基化物黄GX(Arylide Yellow GX)、芳基化物黄5GX(Arylide Yellow 5GX)、芳基化物黄(ArylideYellow)、双偶氮缩合黄(Disazo Condensation Yellow)、二芳基化物黄H10G(DiarylideYellow H10G)、二芳基化物黄HR(Diarylide Yellow HR)、二芳基化物黄1285(DiarylideYellow 1285)、双偶氮黄3G(Disazo Yellow 3G)、固美透黄6G(Cromophtal Yellow 6G)、双偶氮黄GR(Disazo Yellow GR)、二芳基化物黄FGL(Diarylide Yellow FGL)、二芳基化物黄(Diarylide Yellow)、柠檬黄色淀(Tartrazine Lake)、Lumogen黄(Lumogen Yellow)、FD&C黄6(FD&C Yellow 6)、D&C黄No.10色淀(D&C Yellow No.10lake)、蒽素嘧啶黄(Anthrapyrimidine Yellow)、异吲哚黄(Isoindole Yellow)、异吲哚啉酮黄(Isoindolinone Yellow)、汉沙亮黄(Hansa Brilliant Yellow)、阴士丹林黄(Flavanthrone Yellow)、双偶氮黄10HG(Disazo Yellow 10HG)、D&C黄10(D&C Yellow10)、Helio坚牢黄ER(Helio Fast Yellow ER)、Paliotol黄(Paliotol Yellow)、铬钛黄(Chromium Titan Yellow)、锌铁黄(Zinc Iron Yellow)、PV坚牢黄H2G(PV Fast YellowH2G)、二芳基化物黄DGR(Diarylide Yellow DGR)、联苯胺黄GRL(Benzidine Yellow GRL)、DCC二芳基化物黄(DCC Diarylide Yellow)、偶氮缩合黄(Azo Condensation Yellow)、Irgazin黄(Irgazin Yellow)、颜料黄130(Pigment Yellow 130)、颜料黄133(PigmentYellow 133)、颜料黄134(Pigment Yellow 134)、颜料黄136(Pigment Yellow 136)、异吲哚啉黄(Isoindoline Yellow)、喹酞酮黄(Quinophthalone Yellow)、颜料黄147(PigmentYellow 147)、镍偶氮黄(Nickel Azo Yellow)、苯并咪唑酮黄H4G(BenzimidazoloneYellow H4G)、二芳基化物黄152(Diarylide Yellow 152)、镍二肟黄(Nickel DioximeYellow)、苯并咪唑酮黄154(Benzimidazolone Yellow 154)、苯并咪唑酮黄155(Benzimidazolone Yellow 155)、苯并咪唑酮黄156(Benzimidazolone Yellow 156)、锡钒黄(Tin Vanadium Yellow)、锆钒黄(Zirconium Vanadium Yellow)、镍铌钛黄(NickelNiobium Titanium Yellow)、铬铌钛浅黄金红石(Chrome Niobium Titanium BuffRutile)、铬钨钛浅黄(Chromium Tungsten Titanium Buff)、锰锑钛浅黄金红石(Manganese Antimony Titanium Buff Rutile)、偶氮黄168(Azo Yellow 168)、雷奥诺尔黄K-2R(Lionol Yellow K-2R)、颜料黄FRN(Pigment Yellow FRN)、雷奥诺尔黄NBK(LionolYellow NBK)、Irgalite黄LBT(Irgalite Yellow LBT)、苯并咪唑酮黄H6G(Benzimidazolone Yellow H6G)、二芳基黄(Diaryl Yellow)、颜料黄179(Pigment Yellow179)、苯并咪唑酮黄(Benzimidazolone Yellow)、苯并咪唑金(Benzimidazo Golden)、山道林黄(Sandorin Yellow)、Paliotol黄K227(Paliotol Yellow K227)、钒酸铋黄(BismuthVanadate Yellow)、Irgalite黄(Irgalite Yellow)、镍钛(Nickel Titanate)、颜料亮黄HGR(Pigment Brilliant Yellow HGR)、固美透黄(Cromophtal Yellow)、山道费尔黄(Sandofil Yellow)、葱醌黄(Anthraquinone Yellow)、阳光黄(Sunglow Yellow)、颜料黄204(Pigment Yellow 204)、Solaplex黄(Solaplex Yellow)、钛锌锑锡酸盐(TitaniumZinc Antimony Stannate)、或前述的组合。
在本发明的一实施例中,颜料层104通过硅氧烷官能团与平板状材料102形成一化学键结,例如Si-O-Si键结。此外,颜料粒子与交联结构之间具有一作用力,故颜料粒子可借由此作用力附着于交联结构上,并散布于交联结构中。因此,通过上述化学键结及作用力,由颜料粒子与交联结构所形成的颜料层104能够较完整、稳定地包覆平板状材料102,以帮助所形成的隔热组合物和隔热结构提升其总太阳光反射率(TSR)。
本发明所提供的隔热材料100可借由实施溶胶凝胶(sol-gel)法形成。例如,可先混合硅氧烷官能团、酸、平板状材料、及颜料粒子进行反应,接着,对前述混合物进行一加热处理以形成本发明前述之隔热材料100。为达解释的目的,以下叙述将列举特定实施例进行说明,但本发明并不以此为限。在一实施例中,前述硅氧烷官能团可具有下列化学式:Si(OR)4,其中R可独立为H或烷基。
在本发明一实施例中,混合四乙氧基硅烷(TEOS)、酸、平板状材料102、及颜料粒子106进行反应,接着,对前述混合物进行一加热处理以形成隔热材料100。于反应过程中,四乙氧基硅烷(TEOS)先与酸进行反应,使得与硅相连的四个OR基水解成四个OH基。此时,OH基的其中之一将与平板状材料102表面的OH基反应形成氢键,而其他三个OH基则与颜料粒子106产生作用力,使颜料粒子吸附于OH基上,如图2所示。接着,进行一加热处理,使硅氧烷官能团的Si-OH之间进行缩合反应而产生Si-O-Si键结,以形成一交联结构。吸附在OH基上的颜料粒子106被撷取(trapped)且散布在硅氧烷官能团所形成的交联结构中。此时,交联结构和散布于其中的颜料粒子106形成一颜料层104,包覆平板状材料102。此外,在进行溶胶凝胶(sol-gel)反应的过程中,平板状材料102的表面与硅氧烷官能团之间也会产生Si-O-Si键结。因此,通过此化学键结,颜料层104可以完整、稳定地包覆平板状材料102,以帮助所形成的隔热组合物和隔热结构提升其总太阳光反射率(TSR)。
在一实施例中,本发明所使用的硅氧烷官能团亦可为甲基三乙氧基硅烷(Methyltriethoxysilane;MTES)、正辛基三乙氧基硅烷(n-Octyltriethoxysilane)、或前述之组合。根据一些实施例,溶胶凝胶(sol-gel)反应中所使用的酸可包括盐酸、硝酸、醋酸、硫酸或前述之组合。根据一些实施例,平板状材料102可包括云母(mica)、合成云母(synthetic mica)、湿云母(hygrophilite)、高岭土(kaolin clay)、蒙脱土(montmorillonite)、二氧化硅(silicon dioxide)、片状金属氧化物、片状石板、铝硅酸盐类、或前述的组合。然而,本发明所使用的平板状材料102不限于此,只要平均长径比介于10~100的平板状材料皆可应用于本发明。根据一些实施例,颜料粒子106可包括黑色颜料粒子、红色颜料粒子、蓝色颜料粒子、绿色颜料粒子、黄色颜料粒子、或前述的组合。各色颜料粒子可单独使用,亦可混合使用。以黑色颜料粒子为例,例如:苯胺黑(Aniline Black)、碳黑(Carbon Black)、硬沥青(Shungite)、灯黑(Lamp black)、藤黑(Vine Black)、骨黑(BoneBlack)、石墨(Graphite)、玛斯黑(Mars Black)、铁钛棕尖晶石(Iron Titanium BrownSpinel)、钴黑(Cobalt Black)、锰黑(Manganese Black)、铬绿黑赤铁矿(Chromium GreenBlack Hematite)、硫化锌(Zinc Sulfide)、矿物黑(Mineral Black)、板岩黑(SlateBlack)、锡锑灰(Tin Antimony Gray)、钛钒锑灰(Titanium Vanadium Antimony Gray)、钴镍灰(Cobalt Nickel Gray)、铁锰黑(Manganese Ferrite Black)、铁钴铬黑(Iron CobaltChromite Black)、铜铬黑(Copper Chromite Black)、铁钴黑(Iron Cobalt Black)、铬铁镍黑(Chrome Iron Nickel Black)、派力奥根黑(Paliogen Black)、苝黑(PeryleneBlack)、铁氧化锰(Iron Manganese Oxide)、二硫化钼(Molybdenum Disulfide)、二氧化钛黑(Titanium Dioxide Black)、或前述的组合。应注意的是,这些例子仅为说明之用,本发明的范畴并不以此为限。
本发明添加硅氧烷官能团和酸至反应中以增加OH基数目,使得颜料粒子能够与更多的OH基反应。经实验发现,若在没有添加酸的条件下直接混合平板状材料、硅氧烷官能团、和颜料粒子,由于水解不易产生,则不会进行溶胶-凝胶反应。颜料粒子虽与平板状材料表面的OH基产生作用力,但是由于硅氧烷官能团造成立体障碍,因此颜料粒子吸附在平板状材料表面的数量并不多。相反的,在添加酸的条件下混合平板状材料、硅氧烷官能团、和颜料粒子,由于水解速度较快,会进行溶胶-凝胶反应。在尚未形成Si-O-Si键结前,硅氧烷官能团经水解后造成的立体障碍小,故颜料粒子易与平板状材料表面的OH基产生作用力,使颜料粒子吸附上去。除此之外,如前所述,硅氧烷官能团经水解后除了与平板状材料表面的OH基产生氢键之外,其余的OH基皆可与颜料粒子产生作用力,使颜料粒子吸附上去。这样一来,在添加酸的条件下,颜料粒子能够与更多的OH基反应,也因而能够更完整的包覆平板状材料。
在本发明另一实施例中,提供一种隔热组合物。在本发明中,可根据需要调整隔热组合物各成份的比例,以得到具有所需性质的隔热组合物。例如,可利用1重量份前述的隔热材料100以及0.1~300重量份的溶剂形成隔热组合物。或者,可利用1重量份前述的隔热材料100以及1~1000重量份的溶剂形成隔热组合物。根据一些实施例,本发明所使用的溶剂可包括甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇、甲乙酮、丙酮、环己酮、甲基乙基酮、甲基第三丁基酮、***、乙二醇二甲醚、乙二醇醚、乙二醇***、四氢呋喃(THF)、乙酸丙二醇甲酯(PGMEA)、乙基-2-乙氧基乙醇乙酸酯、3-乙氧基丙酸乙酯、乙酸異戊酯、醋酸乙酯、乙酸正丁酯、氯仿(chloroform)、戊烷、正己烷、环己烷、庚烷、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、或前述的组合。
隔热组合物可进一步包括树脂,可根据需要调整树脂的用量,以得到具有所需性质的隔热组合物及其形成的涂层厚度,例如0.1~60重量份,或1~45重量份。本发明所使用的树脂可包括聚酯、聚酰亚胺树脂、亚克力树脂、环氧树脂、硅酮类树脂(silicone resin)、苯氧基树脂(phenoxy resin)、聚氨酯树脂(urethane resin)、尿素树脂、丙烯睛-丁二烯-苯乙烯树脂(ABS resin)、聚乙烯丁醛树脂(PVB resin)、聚醚树脂、含氟树脂、聚酯、聚碳酸酯、聚苯乙烯、聚酰胺、淀粉、纤维素、前述之共聚物、或前述之混合物。此外,可视情况于上述隔热组合物中添加0.1~3重量份,例如0.5~2重量份之分散剂,以帮助提升所形成的隔热组合物的总太阳光反射率(TSR)。其中,分散剂可为高分子型分散剂,例如:乙烯醋酸乙烯酯共聚物、乙烯醋酸乙烯酯共聚混合物、乙烯丙烯酸共聚物、聚酰胺/氧化聚乙烯共聚混合物、聚乙烯共聚物、或前述的组合。
应注意的是,未添加分散剂的隔热组合物已具有优于目前市售深色隔热材料的总太阳光反射率(TSR),然而,添加分散剂可进一步提升隔热组合物的总太阳光反射率(TSR),推论此应与在分散剂存在下,隔热材料易产生单一方向的规则排列有关。
图3为根据本发明一实施例显示隔热结构200的剖面示意图。如图3所示,在本发明一实施例中,提供一种隔热结构200,包括一基板202,以及位于基板202上之一隔热层204。隔热层204包括前述之隔热材料100,规则地排列于一树脂206中。隔热材料100与树脂206的重量比介于0.02~10。其中,隔热材料100彼此平行且实质上平行于基板202的表面。应注意的是,本发明中所述隔热材料100实质上平行于基板202的表面,可包括隔热材料100的平面方向与基板202表面之间的角度不超过10度的情形。
根据一些实施例,本发明所使用的基板202可为任何固态基材,例如刚性(rigid)基板,包括如:金属、铁板、钢板、镀锌钢板、铝合金、镁合金、锂合金、半导体、玻璃、陶瓷、水泥、屋瓦、硅基材,或例如可挠性(flexible)基板,包括如:塑料基板,如聚醚砜(polyethersulfone;PES)、聚萘二甲酸(polyethylenenaphthalate;PEN)、聚乙烯(Polyethylene;PE)、聚酰亚胺(polyimide;PI)、聚氯乙烯(polyvinyl chloride;PVC)、聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(polyethylene terephthalate;PET)、树脂、或前述之组合。本发明所使用的树脂206可包括聚酯、聚酰亚胺树脂、亚克力树脂、环氧树脂、硅酮类树脂(siliconeresin)、苯氧基树脂(phenoxy resin)、聚氨酯树脂(urethane resin)、尿素树脂、丙烯睛-丁二烯-苯乙烯树脂(ABS resin)、聚乙烯丁醛树脂(PVB resin)、聚醚树脂、含氟树脂、聚酯、聚碳酸酯、聚苯乙烯、聚酰胺、淀粉、纤维素、前述之共聚物、或前述的混合物。
于本发明中,可根据不同的应用调整隔热层204的厚度,以得到具有所需性质的隔热结构。例如,隔热层204的厚度可介于50~1000nm、或200~600nm。此外,可视情况于隔热层204中添加一分散剂,以帮助提升所形成之隔热层204的总太阳光反射率(TSR)。其中,分散剂可为高分子型分散剂,例如:乙烯醋酸乙烯酯共聚物、乙烯醋酸乙烯酯共聚混合物、乙烯丙烯酸共聚物、聚乙烯共聚物、或前述的组合。隔热材料100与分散剂的重量比可介于0.3~10,例如0.5~5。
值得注意的是,由于本发明的隔热材料100为二维构造,因此可利用特定的涂布制程将隔热层204涂布于基板202上,以使得隔热材料100于基板202上呈现规则排列。例如,规则排列涂布制程可包括刮刀涂布(blade coating)、棒状涂布(bar coating)、线棒涂布(wire bar coating)、刷涂(brush coating)、滚筒涂布(roller coating)、喷射涂布(spray coating)、流动涂布(flow coating)、其他可应用的规则排列涂布制程、或前述之组合。在本发明一实施例中,所形成的隔热结构200的L值可小于30,例如小于25、或小于20。在本发明一实施例中,所形成的隔热结构200的总太阳光反射率(TSR)可大于20%,例如:大于30%、大于35%、大于40%、或大于45%。
本发明所提供的隔热材料是在单一步骤中以硅氧烷官能团、酸、平板状材料、及颜料粒子进行溶胶-凝胶(sol-gel)反应形成,故制程较容易,不需将包含颜料粒子的涂料涂布于内部材料上,再进行固化等步骤。并且,本发明形成的隔热材料,除了使颜料层能够更完整、稳定地包覆平板状材料之外,所得的隔热结构还具有高总太阳光反射率(TSR>20%)、高隔热性能、低L值(L<30),解决了目前深色隔热材料的总太阳光反射率(TSR)及隔热性能不足的问题。
为了让本发明的上述和其他目的、特征,及优点能更明显易懂,下文特举各实施例与比较例,做详细说明如下:
实施例1
取四乙氧基硅烷(Tetraethoxysilane;TEOS)1公克、云母(Mica M)(平均粒径5.72μm、平均长径比23.83)1公克、黑色颜料粒子(BASF Paliogen S0084)1公克,加入100mL异丙醇(Isopropanol;IPA)均匀混合后,再加入0.5mL、0.1N的盐酸,然后常温(25℃)进行溶胶-凝胶(sol-gel)反应3小时后,升温至80℃,继续反应3小时,形成隔热材料。
实施例2
取四乙氧基硅烷(Tetraethoxysilane;TEOS)1公克、云母(Mica M)(平均粒径5.72μm、平均长径比23.83)1公克、黑色颜料粒子(BASF Paliogen S0084)0.05公克、红色颜料粒子(Pigment Red 224)0.05公克,加入100mL异丙醇(Isopropanol;IPA)均匀混合后,再加入0.5mL、0.1N的盐酸,然后常温(25℃)进行溶胶-凝胶(sol-gel)反应3小时后,升温至80℃,继续反应6小时,形成隔热材料。
比较例1
制程同实施例1,惟其中将云母(Mica M)以平均粒径为0.45μm的球状二氧化钛(TiO2)微米粒子取代。
比较例2
以市售的隔热纳米粒子(球状粒子,Shepherd 10C909A)作为比较例2。
利用ISO 9050建筑玻璃─可见光穿透率、太阳光直接穿透率、总太阳光穿透率、紫外线穿透率及相关系数测定方法,测量实施例1和比较例1所制得的隔热材料、以及比较例2的市售隔热纳米粒子的总太阳光反射率(TSR)。利用ASTM D1003规范测量实施例1和比较例1所制得的隔热材料、以及比较例2的市售隔热纳米粒子的雾度,并计算其L值。L值介于0至100,用以代表颜色的明度。L值越大,代表颜色越亮;L值越小,代表颜色越暗。上述测量所得总太阳光反射率(TSR)和L值的结果如表1所示。
表1:不同隔热材料之比较
平板状材料 | TSR(%) | L值 | |
实施例1 | 云母(Mica M) | 47.2 | 24.8 |
实施例2 | 云母(Mica M) | 39.1 | 28.7 |
比较例1 | 46.7 | 36.8 | |
比较例2 | 市售隔热纳米粒子 | 21.3 | 25.7 |
由表1可知,使用片状材料云母(Mica M)作为平板状材料时,所形成的隔热材料具有最高的总太阳光反射率(TSR)及最低的L值。TiO2微米粒子与云母(Mica M)具有相似的尺寸及颜色(白色),虽然两者所形成的隔热材料具有接近的总太阳光反射率(TSR),但是使用片状材料云母(Mica M)所形成的隔热材料的L值明显较低。与市售隔热纳米粒子相比,使用片状材料云母(Mica M)所形成的隔热材料的总太阳光反射率(TSR)也明显较高。
实施例3
制备方法同实施例1,惟其中将云母(Mica M)以合成云母(synthetic mica)取代。
实施例4
制程制备方法同实施例1,惟其中将云母(Mica M)以湿云母(hygrophilite)取代。
表2:不同平均长径比平板状材料所形成之隔热材料比较
由表2可知,利用平均长径比23.83、70.55、74.12的平板状材料形成的隔热材料,其总太阳光反射率(TSR)都大于40%,甚至大于45%,且其L值均小于30,甚至小于25。
以下实施例5、6利用不同的硅氧烷官能团制备隔热材料,并利用ISO 9050测定方法测量其总太阳光反射率(TSR),利用ASTM D1003规范计算其L值。表3显示实施例1与实施例5、6比较的结果。
实施例5
制程同实施例1,惟其中将四乙氧基硅烷(TEOS)以甲基三乙氧基硅烷(Methyltriethoxysilane;MTES)(厂商:Momentive;型号:A162)取代。
实施例6
制程同实施例1,惟其中将四乙氧基硅烷(TEOS)以正辛基三乙氧基硅烷(n-Octyltriethoxysilane)(厂商:Momentive;型号:A137)取代。
表3:不同硅氧烷官能团所形成之隔热材料比较
硅氧烷官能团 | TSR(%) | L值 | |
实施例1 | TEOS | 47.2 | 24.8 |
实施例5 | MTES | 41.1 | 26.3 |
实施例6 | n-Octyltriethoxysilane | 27.2 | 24.8 |
由表3可知,利用不同硅氧烷官能团的平板状材料形成的隔热材料,其总太阳光反射率(TSR)都大于20。利用四乙氧基硅烷(TEOS)和甲基三乙氧基硅烷(MTES)形成的隔热材料,其总太阳光反射率(TSR)大于40%。并且,利用不同硅氧烷官能团的平板状材料形成的隔热材料,其L值均小于30,甚至小于25。
实施例7
取实施例1所制得的隔热材料1公克与亚克力树脂(厂商:长兴化工;型号:ETERAC7132-2-M-20)5公克均匀混合,以刮刀涂布(blade coating)方式涂布于金属基板上,在100℃下烘干10分钟,以形成隔热结构。利用ISO 9050测定方法测量其总太阳光反射率(TSR),利用ASTM D1003规范计算其L值。
实施例8
取实施例1所制得的隔热材料1公克与分散剂(厂商:DISPARLON;型号:4200-10)1公克均匀混合,再加入亚克力树脂(厂商:长兴化工;型号:ETERAC 7132-2-M-20)5公克均匀混合后,以刮刀涂布(blade coating)方式涂布于镀锌钢板上,在100℃下烘干10分钟,以形成隔热结构。利用ISO 9050测定方法测量其总太阳光反射率(TSR),利用ASTM D1003规范计算其L值。
比较例3
以市售的碳黑(Cabot ML)1公克与亚克力树脂(厂商:长兴化工;型号:ETERAC7132-2-M-20)5公克均匀混合,以刮刀涂布(blade coating)方式涂布于镀锌钢板上,在100℃下烘干10分钟,以形成隔热结构。利用ISO 9050测定方法测量其总太阳光反射率(TSR),利用ASTM D1003规范计算其L值。
表4显示实施例7与实施例8、比较例3所测得之总太阳光反射率(TSR)和L值比较的结果,其中实施例7、实施例8、比较例3的隔热结构具有相同厚度的隔热层。
表4
隔热材料 | TSR(%) | L值 | |
实施例7 | 实施例1 | 35.1 | 29.3 |
实施例8 | 实施例1+分散剂 | 42.6 | 29.8 |
比较例3 | 市售碳黑 | <5 | <10 |
由表4可知,利用实施例1的隔热材料无论是否添加分散剂,其所形成之隔热结构的总太阳光反射率(TSR)都大于由市售碳黑所形成的隔热结构,且L值皆小于30。差别在于,实施例1的隔热材料未添加分散剂时,其所形成之隔热结构的总太阳光反射率(TSR)为35.1%,而实施例1的隔热材料添加分散剂后,其所形成的隔热结构的总太阳光反射率(TSR)提升为42.6%。比起未添加分散剂时,提升了约7.5%的总太阳光反射率(TSR)。
对实施例7、8的隔热结构进行环境耐候测试(QUV),发现经过1000小时的QUV照射后,隔热结构的总太阳光反射率(TSR)仍能够维持。依照ASTM G154测试标准可知,上述隔热结构的使用年限可长达5年。
本发明所提供的隔热材料为颜料层完整且稳定地包覆平板状材料的结构,有助于提升总太阳光反射效能。此外,通过此隔热材料所形成的隔热结构具有总太阳光反射率佳(TSR>40%)、L值低(L<30)、耐候性佳(QUV照射约1000小时)等优点,可广泛用于建筑、外墙、屋顶、或汽车上。
以上所述的具体实施例,对本发明的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明,应理解的是,以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (22)
1.一种隔热材料,包括:
一平板状材料;以及
一颜料层,包覆该平板状材料,其中该颜料层包括:
由硅氧烷官能团形成的一交联结构;以及
颜料粒子,散布于该交联结构中。
2.根据权利要求1所述的隔热材料,其中该颜料层通过这些硅氧烷官能团与该平板状材料形成一化学键结。
3.根据权利要求1所述的隔热材料,其中这些颜料粒子与该交联结构之间具有一作用力。
4.根据权利要求1所述的隔热材料,其中该平板状材料的平均粒径介于0.1~300μm。
5.根据权利要求1所述的隔热材料,其中该平板状材料的平均长径比介于10~100。
6.根据权利要求1所述的隔热材料,其中该平板状材料包括云母(mica)、合成云母(synthetic mica)、湿云母(hygrophilite)、高岭土(kaolin clay)、蒙脱土(montmorillonite)、二氧化硅(silicon dioxide)、片状金属氧化物、片状石板、铝硅酸盐类、或前述的组合。
7.根据权利要求1所述的隔热材料,其中这些硅氧烷官能团选自具有化学式Si(OR)4的化合物,其中R可独立为H或烷基。
8.根据权利要求7所述的隔热材料,其中这些硅氧烷官能团选自包括四乙氧基硅烷(Tetraethoxysilane;TEOS)、甲基三乙氧基硅烷(Methyltriethoxysilane;MTES)、正辛基三乙氧基硅烷(n-Octyltriethoxysilane)、或前述的组合。
9.根据权利要求1所述的隔热材料,其中这些颜料粒子包括黑色颜料粒子、红色颜料粒子、蓝色颜料粒子、绿色颜料粒子、黄色颜料粒子、或前述的组合。
10.一种隔热组合物,包括:
1重量份的如权利要求1~9任一项所述的隔热材料;以及
0.1~300重量份的溶剂。
11.根据权利要求10所述的隔热组合物,其中该溶剂包括甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇、甲乙酮、丙酮、环己酮、甲基乙基酮、甲基第三丁基酮、***、乙二醇二甲醚、乙二醇醚、乙二醇***、四氢呋喃(THF)、乙酸丙二醇甲酯(PGMEA)、乙基-2-乙氧基乙醇乙酸酯、3-乙氧基丙酸乙酯、乙酸異戊酯、醋酸乙酯、乙酸正丁酯、氯仿(chloroform)、戊烷、正己烷、环己烷、庚烷、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、或前述的组合。
12.根据权利要求10所述的隔热组合物,更包括0.1~60重量份的树脂。
13.根据权利要求12所述的隔热组合物,其中该树脂包括聚酯、聚酰亚胺树脂、亚克力树脂、环氧树脂、硅酮类树脂(silicone resin)、苯氧基树脂(phenoxy resin)、聚氨酯树脂(urethane resin)、尿素树脂、丙烯睛-丁二烯-苯乙烯树脂(ABS resin)、聚乙烯丁醛树脂(PVB resin)、聚醚树脂、含氟树脂、聚碳酸酯、聚苯乙烯、聚酰胺、淀粉、纤维素、或前述的组合。
14.根据权利要求10所述的隔热组合物,更包括0.1~3重量份的分散剂。
15.根据权利要求14所述的隔热组合物,其中该分散剂包括高分子型分散剂,其中该高分子型分散剂包括乙烯醋酸乙烯酯共聚物、乙烯醋酸乙烯酯共聚混合物、乙烯丙烯酸共聚物、聚酰胺/氧化聚乙烯共聚混合物、聚乙烯共聚物、或前述的组合。
16.一种隔热结构,包括:
一基板;以及
一隔热层,位于该基板上,其中该隔热层包括如权利要求1~9任一项所述的隔热材料,规则地排列于一树脂中,其中这些隔热材料彼此平行且实质上平行于该基板的表面;
其中这些隔热材料与该树脂的重量比介于0.02~10。
17.根据权利要求16所述的隔热结构,其中该基板包括刚性(rigid)基板或可挠性(flexible)基板。
18.根据权利要求16所述的隔热结构,其中该树脂包括聚酯、聚酰亚胺树脂、亚克力树脂、环氧树脂、硅酮类树脂(silicone resin)、苯氧基树脂(phenoxy resin)、聚氨酯树脂(urethane resin)、尿素树脂、丙烯睛-丁二烯-苯乙烯树脂(ABS resin)、聚乙烯丁醛树脂(PVB resin)、聚醚树脂、含氟树脂、聚碳酸酯、聚苯乙烯、聚酰胺、淀粉、纤维素、或前述的组合。
19.根据权利要求16所述的隔热结构,更包括一分散剂,且这些隔热材料与该分散剂的重量比介于0.3~10。
20.根据权利要求19所述的隔热结构,其中该分散剂包括高分子型分散剂,其中该高分子型分散剂包括乙烯醋酸乙烯酯共聚物、乙烯醋酸乙烯酯共聚混合物、乙烯丙烯酸共聚物、聚酰胺/氧化聚乙烯共聚混合物、聚乙烯共聚物、或前述的组合。
21.根据权利要求16所述的隔热结构,其中该隔热结构的L值<30。
22.根据权利要求16所述的隔热结构,其中该隔热结构的TSR值>20%。
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