CN106862799A - The Ni-based foil solder of iron and its application - Google Patents
The Ni-based foil solder of iron and its application Download PDFInfo
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- CN106862799A CN106862799A CN201710106239.0A CN201710106239A CN106862799A CN 106862799 A CN106862799 A CN 106862799A CN 201710106239 A CN201710106239 A CN 201710106239A CN 106862799 A CN106862799 A CN 106862799A
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- Prior art keywords
- solder
- foil
- iron
- soldering
- stainless steel
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
- B23K2103/04—Steel or steel alloys
- B23K2103/05—Stainless steel
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of Ni-based foil solder of iron, and its chemical composition is by weight percentage：20% 37% Ni, 12% 18% Cr, 1.5% 3.5% Si, 4.5% 7% P, 0.3% 1.2% B, 1% 3% Cu, 1% 2% Mo, 0.3% 1% Zr, balance of Fe.The present invention also provides a kind of iron Ni-based foil, with the Ni-based foil solder of above-mentioned iron as raw material, using cooling mode, is made 0.025 0.04mm strips.The characteristics of solder of the present invention is：Brazing temperature is low, can the soldering at a temperature of 1,050 1100 DEG C, the performance of stainless steel mother metal is not influenceed；Soldering joint strength is high；The antiacid corrosive power of soldered fitting is strong；Solder can be made into foil, is easy to the assembling of large-area brazing part and avoids the shortcoming caused using soldering paste.Solder price is less than nickel-based solder, and good economy performance is particularly well-suited to stainless steel cooler for recycled exhaust gas, the soldering of oil cooler and other heat exchangers.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Ni-based foil solder of iron and its iron nickel-based solder foil of preparation, iron nickel-based solder foil can
For stainless steel soldering, EGR (waste gas recycling) coolers and other heat exchangers are particularly well-suited to, belong to welding field.
Background technology
With the continuous improvement of the increasingly serious and people to environmental consciousness of atmosphere pollution, automobile emission regulation is increasingly received
To the attention of country and government.In order to reach new Abgasgesetz, it is necessary to employ new technology and new equipment, tail gas is carried out at purification
Reason.Cooler for recycled exhaust gas arises at the historic moment, and it can effectively meet purifying vehicle exhaust processing requirement.The effect of cooler for recycled exhaust gas is logical
Cross and a part of waste gas is cooled down in cooler for recycled exhaust gas, and be circulated back in cylinder, for reducing the ignition temperature in cylinder
And oxygen content, thus nitrogen oxides and soot emissions can be substantially reduced, oil consumption can be saved again.Therefore cooler for recycled exhaust gas has turned into
The essential important component of automobile (especially diesel vehicle).
The working environment of cooler for recycled exhaust gas is severe：It is required that high temperature can be born, suppressed and acid corrosion.
Cooler for recycled exhaust gas uses thin-wall stainless steel, is manufactured by vacuum brazing method.
At present, the big multiplex nickel-based solder soldering of cooler for recycled exhaust gas, the joint corrosion resistant of wherein BNi-5 series nickel-based solder solderings
Corrosion is good, and intensity and inoxidizability are also higher, and the reaction to stainless steel mother metal is small.Wherein BNi-5a, BNi-5b can be made into foil,
It is preferable solder.But the fusion temperature of solder is high, brazing temperature is up to more than 1175 DEG C, causes stainless crystalline grain of steel to be grown up；And
And solder nickel content is high, price, therefore in the urgent need to：
1st, the nickel content and reduces cost of solder are reduced for nickel with iron；
2nd, brazing temperature is reduced to less than 1100 DEG C；Reducing energy consumption and cost, and the property of stainless steel mother metal is not influenceed
Energy；
3rd, good brazing property, mechanical property and corrosion resistance；
4th, strip is can be made into, facilitates the manufacture of cooler for recycled exhaust gas, solvent and binding agent in solder paste can be prevented again in heating
When the pollution that is caused to vacuum of volatilization, and soldering paste explosion influence wetting characteristics.
Patent US4410604 discloses a kind of FeNiCrSiB brazing filler metal alloys earlier, and brazing temperature is between 1150 DEG C -1200
Between DEG C.Patent US4402747 discloses a kind of FeNiCrSiB brazing filler metal alloys, and brazing temperature is up to 1180 DEG C.Patent US2006/
0090820A1 discloses a kind of Fe-Cr-B-Si-Mo (W) brazing filler metal alloy, and the solder can laminate band, but solder liquidus curve
Temperature is higher than 1145 DEG C, and brazing temperature is more much higher.Patent US7455811B2 and EP2937170A1 disclose one kind
The brazing filler metal alloy of FeNiCrMnMoSiPB and trace element, can be made into powder and solder foil, and brazing temperature is 1190 DEG C.Patent
2008/0006676A1 discloses a kind of FeCrNiSiP brazing filler metal alloys, is made powder and paste is used, and brazing temperature is 1176 DEG C.
Patent US2012/0183807A1 and US9193011B2 disclose a kind of FeCrNiCuPSiMn solders, its product designation
F300,1100 DEG C of brazing temperature, but powder and paste can only be made.Patent US2008/0318082A1 and US8951368B2 are disclosed
Two class brazing filler metal alloys；One class is FeNiCrSiBP alloys, can be made into solder foil, and brazing temperature is higher than 1170 DEG C of (commodity boards
Number VZ2099), another kind of is FeNiCrMoCuSiBP alloys, can be made into solder foil, and brazing temperature is higher than 1170 DEG C of (commodity boards
Number VZ2106).Patent CN200880128613.6 discloses a kind of FeCrNiCuPSiMo brazing filler metal alloys, composition and F300 very close to,
1120 DEG C of brazing temperature, the solder can only also be made powder and cream.Patent CN201310541104.9 and CN20131054137.9 are public
Two kinds of FeNiCrSiBCu brazing alloys are opened, brazing temperature is respectively 1110-1140 DEG C and 1090-1100 DEG C, can be made into solder paper tinsel
Band；But solder boron content is high, the tendency that oriented stainless steel intergranular penetrates into is harmful to stainless sheet steel performance, and joint is antiacid
Ability.Patent CN105215574A discloses a kind of brazing filler metal alloy of FeNiCrSiCuPBMoC, and brazing temperature is low by (1050
DEG C), but be difficult to be made solder foil.
The various ferrous alloy weak points that prior art is provided can be summarized as follows：
1st, the brazing temperature of solder is high.According to the data of U.S. material association (ASM) stainless steel handbook, nickel chromium stainless steel exists
There is no Phenomena of Grain Growth at a temperature of less than 1095 DEG C, and the brazing temperature of current most iron-based solders is above this
Temperature, endangers stainless steel mother metal performance.
2nd, many solders can not be made solder foil, can only be used with paste, and the organic matter and solvent in soldering paste are in heating
When volatilization and burst, influence wetting characteristics and influences the vacuum of vacuum drying oven.Solder such as laminates band, that is, be convenient to part
Assembling (especially large-area welding part), can also overcome the shortcoming using soldering paste.
The content of the invention
A kind of Ni-based paper tinsel of iron of offer is provided it is an object of the invention to be directed to above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art
Band solder.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of Ni-based foil solder of iron, and its chemical composition is by weight percentage：
The B of the P of the Si of the Cr of the Ni of 20%-37%, 12%-18%, 1.5%-3.5%, 4.5%-7%, 0.3%-1.2%, 1%-
The Zr of the Mo of 3% Cu, 1%-2%, 0.3%-1%, balance of Fe.
Preferably, the total content of the B and Zr is 1%-1.6%.
The present invention also provides a kind of iron Ni-based foil, with the Ni-based foil solder of above-mentioned iron as raw material, uses cooling mode, system
Into 0.025-0.04mm strips.
Iron-based solder of the invention has following characteristics：
1st, brazing temperature is less than 1100 DEG C, and minimum up to 1050 DEG C, stainless crystalline grain of steel will not occur Phenomena of Grain Growth, because
This does not influence the performance of stainless steel, and energy consumption when can save soldering.
2nd, solder can be made into the foil of 0.025-0.040mm.
3rd, the strength character of soldered fitting is good.
4th, soldered fitting is high to the corrosion resistance of acid.
The present invention is especially suitable for the manufacture of the various heat exchangers such as cooler for recycled exhaust gas.
The characteristics of prior art：1. or the fusing point of solder is met, and sacrifice the mouldability of the solder foil of solder
(such as F300 solders).2. or the mouldability of solder foil is met, and sacrifice the low melting point (such as VAC2106) of solder.
Solder proposed by the present invention can solve this contradiction.
The performance and amorphous mouldability of solder are relevant with alloying element.
The present invention is the solder with Fe-Ni-Cr as matrix.Ni can improve the intensity and corrosion resistance of solder, and Ni is again in addition
Advantageously form the ability of foil.Therefore Ni additions can not be less than 20 percentage by weights.
After Cr can improve the corrosion resistance and inoxidizability of solder, but Cr contents are more than 20 percentage by weights, it is difficult to be made
Foil.Brazing filler metal melts temperature is also significantly improved.Plus Cr amounts should be controlled below 20 percentage by weights.
B, Si, P are the melting point depressants of solder, and solder fusing point is reduced using B, Si, P is added in iron-based solder.Especially
It is that B can not only reduce solder fusing point, and B is to promote to form the important element of foil.But boron content brazing filler metal alloy high is in pricker
Occurring to be penetrated into stainless steel intergranular during weldering influences, and influences stainless Steel Properties and makes that soldered fitting is anticorrosive to degenerate.Plus boron amount should
Less than 1.2 percentage by weights.
Si and P can reduce the fusing point of solder, the band though Si more than discovery 3.5 percentage by weights of addition can laminate, but
Solder is crisp to have no value for use.The excessive phosphorus of addition, more than 7 percentage by weights, will make brazed seam embrittlement, intensity decreases.Phosphorus is to paper tinsel
Band shaping does not have much affect.
Key of the invention is a small amount of Zr of addition.Zr is to form element of the Non Crystalline Foil with alloy strongly, and a small amount of Zr is
Contribute to the formation of solder foil.Although Zr is high-melting-point element (1852 DEG C of fusing point), but according to Fe-Zr and Ni-Zr state diagrams,
A small amount of zirconium can reduce the fusing point of Fe and Ni.It is just highly beneficial that Zr additions compare foil shaping less than 1 weight percent.
Mo and Cu are the corrosion resistance and intensity for improving soldered fitting.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, specific embodiment of the invention is further described.Following examples are only used for more
Plus technical scheme is clearly demonstrated, and can not be limited the scope of the invention with this.
Table 1 lists solder composition and the percentage by weight composition of 12 embodiments of the invention.
The manufacture method of above-mentioned solder embodiment is as follows：
1st, 99.5% high-purity Fe, Ni, Cr, Cu, Mo element are not less than from purity.The units such as the P in solder, B, Si, Zr
Element is added with Fe-P, Fe-B, Fe-Si, Fe-Zr intermediate alloy pattern.It is to reduce these elements to exist using the purpose of intermediate alloy
Loss in fusion process, it is ensured that the correctness of brazing filler metal alloy composition.
2nd, weighed by the composition proportion.
3rd, using protective gas induction heating melting smelting method, each element is smelted into brazing filler metal alloy ingot.
4th, foil solder, a diameter of 300mm of beryllium copper roller, rotary speed are made using single roller chilling legal system under a shielding gas
Between 500-2000rpm, the cooling velocity for melting solder is more than 105k/s.
Using the solder of the embodiment 1-12 compositions shown in table 1, laminate band, and they are complete at a temperature of 1050-1070 DEG C
Running down.Therefore, 20min is incubated at a temperature of 1080 DEG C carries out soldering to SUS304 stainless steels, obtains good soldered fitting.
The intensity of 304 stainless steel soldering banjo fixing butt jointings, when gap is 0.05mm, reaches 210-232MPa, stainless steel banjo fixing butt jointing it is anti-
Tensile strength numerical stability, and the not reduction with the gap increase of joint, this can substantially reduce the requirement to workpiece assembling.With auspicious
Allusion quotationThe F300 iron-baseds paste solder (the iron-based solder of better performances, but the band that can not laminate) of company's supply, soldering
SUS304 stainless steel banjo fixing butt jointings tensile strength (gap 0.05mm) be 200-225MPa.The wherein alloying component of embodiment 3
Solder vacuum brazing at a temperature of 1050 DEG C.Good stainless steel soldered fitting can be obtained.
Corrosion resistance experiment has been carried out to embodiments of the invention alloy, by taking the foil solder of embodiment alloy 3,7,8 as an example,
Vacuum brazing 2mm+2mm thick SUS304 stainless steel plate lap joints, are then cut into 5x5mm at a temperature of 1080 DEG C2Sample,
Be immersed in 10%H2SO4,10%HCl and
In 10%HNO3 solution, corrosion resistance test is carried out.The solder of embodiments of the invention 3,7,8 and comparative example F300 prickers
The result of the test example of material is in table 2.
The antiacid result of the test of table 2
Coupon results show, each embodiment solder has a good antiacid corrosive power, and swedish company F300 pastes
Solder is suitable.
Table 3 lists the composition and performance of some comparative example brazing filler metal alloys.
The comparative example brazing filler metal alloy composition of table 3
Comparative example 1-- can not form foil, high because being measured containing Cr.
Comparative example 2-- can form foil, but very crisp, because si content is high.
Comparative example 3-- can not form foil, because without Zr.
Comparative example 4-- can form foil, but because of phosphorous height, soldered fitting is crisp, low intensity.
Comparative example 5-- can form foil, but brazing temperature is higher than 1100 DEG C, because phosphorus content is low.
Comparative example 6-- can form foil, but brazing temperature is higher than 1100 DEG C, because silicon content is low.
Comparative example 7-- foils are crisp, and soldering joint strength is low, because nickel content is low.
Comparative example 8-- can form foil, but B penetrates into phenomenon than more serious to stainless steel intergranular.
Because the composition range of comparative example solder has disengaged from composition range of the invention, the shaping of solder foil or soldering are connect
Head performance has undesirable effect.
In summary it is described, the Ni-based foil solder of iron of the invention, because nickel content is low, good economy performance；Brazing temperature is low,
The performance of nickel chromium stainless steel is not influenceed；Soldered fitting tensile strength is good, and stability is high；The antiacid corruption of stainless steel soldered fitting
Corrosion is good, is particularly well-suited to soldering cooler for recycled exhaust gas, it can also be used to oil cooler, and other heat exchangers etc. soldering.
Claims (3)
1. the Ni-based foil solder of iron, it is characterised in that its chemical composition is by weight percentage：The Ni of 20%-37%, 12%-
The Mo of the Cu of the B of the P of the Si of 18% Cr, 1.5%-3.5%, 4.5%-7%, 0.3%-1.2%, 1%-3%, 1%-2%,
The Zr of 0.3%-1%, balance of Fe.
2. the Ni-based foil solder of iron according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the total content of the B and Zr is 1%-
1.6%.
3. the Ni-based foil of iron, it is characterised in that with the Ni-based foil solder of iron described in claim 1 or 2 as raw material, using chilling side
Formula, is made 0.025-0.04mm strips.
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| CN201710106239.0A CN106862799A (en) | 2017-02-27 | 2017-02-27 | The Ni-based foil solder of iron and its application |
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| CN201710106239.0A CN106862799A (en) | 2017-02-27 | 2017-02-27 | The Ni-based foil solder of iron and its application |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114514087A (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2022-05-17 | 欧瑞康美科（美国）公司 | Low melting point iron-based brazing filler metals for heat exchanger applications |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114514087A (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2022-05-17 | 欧瑞康美科（美国）公司 | Low melting point iron-based brazing filler metals for heat exchanger applications |
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