CN106821409A - Pile-up events processing method and processing device - Google Patents
Pile-up events processing method and processing device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Include the invention discloses a kind of pile-up events processing method and processing device, the step of method：Obtain the electric signal of pet detector output；Carry out digital integration real-time sampling to electric signal, each moment is with energy value that real-time sampling value is the event of moment first；Monitor the real-time sampling value of electric signal rising edge；When the electric signal continuous saltus step of generation is monitored, pile-up events generation is determined with；After pile-up events occur, the real-time sampling value at each moment carries out Function Fitting before being occurred based on pile-up events, energy value of each moment after pile-up events generation using Function Fitting value as the event of moment first.The present invention effectively pile-up events can be precisely separating with treatment, such that it is able to improve crystal recognition accuracy, energy correction accuracy etc..
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of medical equipment, more particularly to a kind of pile-up events processing method and processing device.
Background technology
Positron emission tomography imaging-computed tomography (Positron Emission Tomography-
Computed Tomography, PET-CT) equipment and single photon emission computerized tomography (Single-Photon
Emission Computed Tomography, SPECT) equipment is all current typical medical imaging device.These equipment master
To be carried out using γ photons produced after the positive electron and electron annihilation released in detectable radionuclide decay process
Meet judgement.
The detection of γ photons, is usually transformed into visible ray, then by photomultiplier transit by γ photons by scintillator
The pipe light such as (photomultiplier tube, PMT) or silicon photomultiplier (Silicon photomultiplier, SIPM)
Electric detector will be seen that light is converted into electric signal and is detected.During actual measurement operation, first allow gamma-rays to hit crystal, produce
Visible ray, recycles photomultiplier or silicon photomultiplier etc. to will be seen that light is converted into electric signal, and then electric signal is carried out
Thin interbed and time calibrating are measured, so as to obtain energy value to recognize crystal positions and impact time, and are scattered school
Just.
Only one of which event, hits crystal in the ideal situation unit interval, only produces an electric signal, deals with and compares
Simply.But often there are two gamma-rays in reality in a detection cycle while hitting a feelings for detector crystal
Condition, we are commonly referred to as this phenomenon for pile-up events, i.e. Pileup.The event occurred in pile-up events, according to time sequencing successively
It is named as the first event, second event.In this case, the temporal information and energy information of the event how is recognized accurately
Just become highly difficult.
Prior art, what is had is not processed pile-up events, simple to abandon, and can reduce system sensitivity and noise equivalent
The key technical index such as counting；The circuit realiration by complexity having, causes cost of implementation and circuit scale huge.
The content of the invention
In view of this, the present invention proposes a kind of pile-up events processing method and processing device to solve above-mentioned technical problem.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：
The first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a kind of pile-up events processing method, for PET system, including such as
Lower step：
Obtain the electric signal of pet detector output；
Carry out digital integration real-time sampling to electric signal, each moment is with energy that real-time sampling value is the event of moment first
Value；
Monitor the real-time sampling value of electric signal rising edge；
When the electric signal continuous saltus step of generation is monitored, pile-up events generation is determined with；
After pile-up events occur, the real-time sampling value at each moment carries out Function Fitting before being occurred based on pile-up events, piles up
Event occur after energy value of each moment using Function Fitting value as the event of moment first.
Preferably, after pile-up events occur, the real-time sampling value at each moment is entered line function and is intended before being occurred based on pile-up events
Close, since the previous moment that saltus step first occurs, energy value of each moment using Function Fitting value as the moment.
Preferably, when carrying out Function Fitting, the function for using is exponential function.
Second aspect according to embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a kind of pile-up events processing unit, for PET system, bag
Include：
Electric signal acquisition module, obtains the electric signal of pet detector output；
Integration sampling module, carries out digital integration real-time sampling to electric signal, each moment with real-time sampling value be the moment
The energy value of the first event；
Monitoring module, monitors the real-time sampling value of electric signal rising edge；
Judge module, when the electric signal continuous saltus step of generation is monitored, is determined with pile-up events generation；
Function Fitting module, after pile-up events occur, the real-time sampling value at each moment is carried out before being occurred based on pile-up events
Function Fitting, pile-up events occur after energy value of each moment using Function Fitting value as the event of moment first.
Preferably, described Function Fitting module, is used for, after pile-up events occur, when each before being occurred based on pile-up events
The real-time sampling value at quarter carries out Function Fitting, and since the previous moment that saltus step first occurs, each moment is made with Function Fitting value
It is the energy value at the moment.
Preferably, when carrying out Function Fitting, the function for using is exponential function.
Compared with prior art, the present invention effectively pile-up events event can be precisely separating with treatment so that
Crystal recognition accuracy, energy correction accuracy etc. can be improved.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic flow sheet of pile-up events processing method of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of signal waveform schematic diagram in pile-up events processing method of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is a kind of structured flowchart of pile-up events processing unit of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is a kind of structured flowchart of the front-end processing circuit used in pile-up events processing method of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to specific embodiment shown in the drawings, the present invention will be described in detail.But these implementation methods are simultaneously
The present invention is not limited, structure that one of ordinary skill in the art is made according to these implementation methods, method or functionally
Conversion is all contained in protection scope of the present invention.
It is the purpose only merely for description specific embodiment in terminology used in the present invention, and is not intended to be limiting the present invention.
" one kind ", " described " and " being somebody's turn to do " of singulative used in the present invention and appended claims is also intended to include majority
Form, unless context clearly shows that other implications.It is also understood that term "and/or" used herein refers to and wraps
May be combined containing one or more associated any or all of project listed.
As shown in figure 1, a kind of pile-up events processing method, for PET system, comprises the following steps.
Step 100, obtains the electric signal of pet detector output.The telecommunications that pet detector is exported is obtained by amplifying circuit
Number, and enhanced processing.
Step 101, carries out digital integration real-time sampling to electric signal, each moment with real-time sampling value be the thing of moment first
The energy value of part.
After single gamma-rays hits crystal, the electric signal to pet detector output carries out digital integration real-time sampling.Due to
Pile-up events are a probability events, and probability of happening is directly proportional to measured target activity, it is unknown whether occur when, by normal
The digital integration method of rule carries out real-time sampling to the electric signal that pet detector is exported.
Step 102, monitors the real-time sampling value of electric signal rising edge.
In digital integration sampling process, the situation of change of each moment real-time sampling value of monitor in real time.
Step 103, when the electric signal continuous saltus step of generation is monitored, is determined with pile-up events generation.
Due to the presence of noise, it is normal that sampled value occurs saltus step, but the sampled value at continuous two moment occurs saltus step
It is improper, that is, continuous saltus step occurs, is the typical characteristics that pile-up events occur.As shown in Fig. 2 ti-2To tiMoment, sampling
Value there occurs continuous saltus step, and big amplitude variations occurs in the waveform that decay is tended to originally.If not existing continuous saltus step always,
Proceed digital integration sampling, obtain the energy value of the first event.
Step 104, after pile-up events occur, the real-time sampling value at each moment is entered line function and is intended before being occurred based on pile-up events
Close, using the Function Fitting value at each moment as the energy value of the event of moment first.
After pile-up events occur, the actual energy value being upsampled to of digital integration has not been that real single γ is penetrated
Line hits the energy value of crystal, but gamma-rays twice or more than twice hits the superposition of energy value produced by crystal.Now,
If sampled with gravity model appoach, crystal mistake in computation is directly resulted in, so as to influence picture quality；One-to-one sampling is used, due to energy
Contaminated, collection result cannot also carry out effective energy correction.Therefore, energy value of the present invention before pile-up events generation is obtained
Take and use real-time sampling, the energy value acquisition after pile-up events occur uses Function Fitting, can effectively peel off contaminated
Energy, reduces the energy value after true single incident hits to greatest extent.Function Fitting is until the decay completely of the first event
Complete, obtain each moment energy value of the first event after pile-up events occur.
Step 105, obtains the energy information of the first event.
The real-time sampling value before Function Fitting value and pile-up events generation after pile-up events generation, collectively forms the first thing
The energy value of part, that is, obtain the energy information of the first event.So as to, when pile-up events occur, the energy information of the first event
Effectively reduced, such that it is able to carry out the operation such as crystal positions calculating, energy correction, crystal recognition accuracy, energy can be improved
Amount calibration accuracy, the sensitivity of system and noise equivalent count value etc..
Further, in order that result of calculation is more accurate, when there are pile-up events to occur, Function Fitting is carried out, it is first from occurring
The previous moment of secondary saltus step starts, energy value of each moment using Function Fitting value as the moment.Because, it is necessary to recognizing continuous
Saltus step twice, can just determine whether that pile-up events occur, thus the moment that pile-up events really occur should be occur it is first
The previous moment of secondary saltus step.
Specifically, because the visible light signal that gamma-rays hits crystal generation is converted into the rising edge after electric signal in typical case
Exponential curve, the fitting function used when Function Fitting is carried out can be exponential function.
In an alternative embodiment of the invention, described exponential function formula isWherein, t
It it is the time, y (t) is the energy value of t, K1It is the proportionality coefficient of exponential curve, K2It is the damped expoential of exponential curve, ratio
COEFFICIENT K1, damped expoential K2It is constant.Here, time t is in units of the sampling period of AD conversion chip, such as AD conversion chip
Sample frequency be 200M, then the sampling period is 5ns, and the t of time shaft is incremented by units of 5ns.As shown in Fig. 2 tiTo pile up
Event identified moment, ti-2It is the moment that pile-up events really occur, ti+nThe first event is complete after occurring for pile-up events
Decay the moment for completing.
In the function formula, constant K1、K2The real-time sampling value generation at any two moment before by the way that pile-up events are occurred
Enter function formula and calculate acquisition, two selected moment can be respectively the 1/3rd position and 2/3 position that gathered the moment；
Constant K1、K2Approximation can also be calculated by having gathered the Wave data at moment.
The front-end processing circuit used in specific steps, can be with as shown in figure 4, including amplifying circuit 410, AD sample circuits
420 electrically connect with control circuit 430, the output end of the amplifying circuit 410 with the input of the AD sample circuits 420, institute
The output end for stating AD sample circuits 420 is electrically connected with the input of the control circuit 430.
Wherein, described amplifying circuit 410 is used to receive the electric signal of pet detector output and be amplified, described
Electric signal after AD sample circuits 420 pairs amplify carries out digital integration, and described control circuit 430 is adopted for obtaining digital integration
The energy value for collecting, the generation of simultaneous real-time monitoring pile-up events is simultaneously processed.Described control circuit 430 can be FPGA cores
Piece.
Above-mentioned front-end processing circuit, is actually used conventional configuration, without adding extra circuit.
Embodiment with foregoing pile-up events processing method is corresponding, and the disclosure additionally provides pile-up events processing unit
Embodiment.
It is one embodiment block diagram of pile-up events processing unit of the present invention referring to Fig. 3, the device can be using PET systems
On system, the device includes：
Electric signal acquisition module 300, obtains the electric signal of pet detector output；
Integration sampling module 310, digital integration real-time sampling is carried out to electric signal, and the real-time sampling value with each moment is
The energy value of the event of moment first；
Monitoring module 320, monitors the real-time sampling value of electric signal rising edge；
Judge module 330, when the electric signal continuous saltus step of generation is monitored, is determined with pile-up events generation；
Function Fitting module 340, after pile-up events occur, the real-time sampling value at each moment is entered before being occurred based on pile-up events
Line function is fitted, energy value of each moment after pile-up events generation using Function Fitting value as the event of moment first.
Further, in order that result of calculation is more accurate, described Function Fitting module 340 is used for, and has pile-up events to send out
After life, the real-time sampling value at each moment carries out Function Fitting before being occurred based on pile-up events, from occur saltus step first it is previous when
Quarter, energy value of each moment using function value as the moment.
Specifically, because the visible light signal that gamma-rays hits crystal generation is converted into the rising edge after electric signal in typical case
Exponential curve, the fitting function used when Function Fitting is carried out can be exponential function.
In an alternative embodiment of the invention, described exponential function formula isWherein, t
It it is the time, y (t) is the energy value of t, K1It is the proportionality coefficient of exponential curve, K2It is the damped expoential of exponential curve, ratio
COEFFICIENT K1, damped expoential K2It is constant.
In the function formula, constant K1、K2Any two real-time sampling value generation at moment before by the way that pile-up events are occurred
Enter function formula and calculate acquisition, two selected moment can be respectively the 1/3rd position and 2/3 position that gathered the moment；
Constant K1、K2Approximation can also be calculated by having gathered the Wave data at moment.
On the device in above-described embodiment, wherein modules perform the concrete mode of operation in relevant the method
Embodiment in be described in detail, explanation will be not set forth in detail herein.
For device embodiment, because it corresponds essentially to embodiment of the method, so related part is referring to method reality
Apply the part explanation of example.Device embodiment described above is only schematical, can be selected according to the actual needs
Some or all of module therein is selected to realize the purpose of disclosure scheme.Those of ordinary skill in the art are not paying creation
Property work in the case of, you can to understand and implement.
Those skilled in the art considering specification and after putting into practice invention disclosed herein, will readily occur to it is of the invention its
Its embodiment.The application is intended to any modification of the invention, purposes or adaptations, these modifications, purposes or
Person's adaptations follow general principle of the invention and including undocumented common knowledge in the art of the invention
Or conventional techniques.Description and embodiments are considered only as exemplary, and true scope and spirit of the invention are by the application
Claim point out.
It should be appreciated that the invention is not limited in the precision architecture being described above and be shown in the drawings, and
And can without departing from the scope carry out various modifications and changes.The scope of the present invention is only limited by appended claim.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of pile-up events processing method, for PET system, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Obtain the electric signal of pet detector output；
Carry out digital integration real-time sampling to electric signal, each moment is with energy value that real-time sampling value is the event of moment first；
Monitor the real-time sampling value of electric signal rising edge；
When the electric signal continuous saltus step of generation is monitored, pile-up events generation is determined with；
After pile-up events occur, the real-time sampling value at each moment carries out Function Fitting, pile-up events before being occurred based on pile-up events
The energy value of each moment after generation using Function Fitting value as the event of moment first.
2. pile-up events processing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that after pile-up events occur, based on accumulation
The real-time sampling value that event occurs preceding each moment carries out Function Fitting, since the previous moment that saltus step first occurs, each moment
Using Function Fitting value as the energy value at the moment.
3. pile-up events processing method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that when carrying out Function Fitting, use
Function is exponential function.
4. a kind of pile-up events processing unit, for PET system, it is characterised in that including：
Electric signal acquisition module, obtains the electric signal of pet detector output；
Integration sampling module, digital integration real-time sampling is carried out to electric signal, and the real-time sampling value with each moment is the moment
The energy value of the first event；
Monitoring module, monitors the real-time sampling value of electric signal rising edge；
Judge module, when the electric signal continuous saltus step of generation is monitored, is determined with pile-up events generation；
Function Fitting module, after pile-up events occur, the real-time sampling value at each moment enters line function before being occurred based on pile-up events
It is fitted, energy value of each moment after pile-up events generation using Function Fitting value as the event of moment first.
5. pile-up events processing unit according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described Function Fitting module, is used for,
When thering is Pileup to occur, Function Fitting is carried out, since the previous moment that saltus step first occurs, with the Function Fitting at each moment
It is worth as the energy value at the moment.
6. the pile-up events processing unit according to claim 4 or 5, it is characterised in that when carrying out Function Fitting, use
Function is exponential function.
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Address after: 110167 No. 177-1 Innovation Road, Hunnan District, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province Applicant after: Shenyang Neusoft Medical Systems Co.,Ltd. Address before: Hunnan New Century Road 110179 Shenyang city of Liaoning Province, No. 16 Applicant before: SHENYANG NEUSOFT MEDICAL SYSTEMS Co.,Ltd. |
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Effective date of registration: 20230412 Address after: Room 308, No. 177-2 Chuangxin Road, Hunnan District, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, 110167 Patentee after: Shenyang Zhihe Medical Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 110167 No. 177-1 Innovation Road, Hunnan District, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province Patentee before: Shenyang Neusoft Medical Systems Co.,Ltd. |