CN106802184A - The fast compact noise immunity type optical field imaging full-polarization spectrum detection device of illuminated and method - Google Patents
The fast compact noise immunity type optical field imaging full-polarization spectrum detection device of illuminated and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of compact noise immunity type optical field imaging full-polarization spectrum detection device of fast illuminated and method, and device includes object lens, light field modulating unit, micro optical array, planar array detector and data acquisition process display system；Object lens, light field modulating unit, micro optical array and planar array detector are along incident light to setting gradually；Light field modulating unit is placed in the aperture diaphragm position of object lens, and micro optical array is placed in the image planes position of object lens, and planar array detector is placed on the back focal plane of micro optical array, and is connected with data acquisition process display system；Light field modulating unit includes Polarization Modulation module and spectral filtering chip arrays.Device of the invention is applied to detection dynamic or the fast all-optical information for becoming target, can be effectively prevented from the negative effect that is brought by factors such as object variations, jittering noise or environmental changes, has potential application value in fields such as astronomical observation, space exploration, earth remote sensing, machine vision and biomedical diagnostics.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to optical remote sensing field of detecting, more particularly to a kind of polarization spectrum imaging device.
Background technology
The important remote sensing information such as the space containing target, spectrum and polarization, can be used not only in the electromagnetic wave of object radiation
The characteristics such as the form and physical chemistry of inverting target, moreover it is possible to remove ambient noise provide the surface of high-contrast, pattern, shade and
The information such as roughness.To make space, spectrum and polarization three-dimensional information have complementary advantages, the energy of target in enhancing detection complex background
Power, has arisen at the historic moment and has integrated the new forward position remote sensing that three-dimensional information obtains technical ability：Polarization spectrum imaging technology.
Its data product both can be considered the corresponding multidimensional polarization image of each wavelength, be also considered as the corresponding spectrum picture of each polarization state,
To improve target acquisition, identification and classification efficiency and precision there are certain potentiality, military surveillance, earth resource generaI investigation,
Many necks such as environmental health monitoring and surveilliance, natural calamity forecast, Atmospheric Survey, astronomical observation, the bionical, biomedical diagnostic of machine vision
Domain is all by with important application value and prospect.
Polarization spectrum imaging technology is formed by Polarization Modulation module and the fusion of spectrum module, afterwards both itself work
Feature decides the former characteristic.If dividing in the way of the polarization and spectral information that obtain two-dimensional space target, Polarization Modulation
Module and spectrum module can be divided into sequential keyboard encoder and the major class of fast illuminated two.Currently, most of polarization spectrum imaging technologies are all
The polarization spectrum image of two-dimensional scene is obtained, it is necessary to never using sequence scanning mode (such as Frame projection, push-broom type or window sweep formula)
The multiple image extracting data for obtaining in the same time and the polarization spectrum image for recombinating two-dimensional space target.The technology being related to is main
It is that sequential keyboard encoder Polarization Modulation module is combined with fast illuminated spectrum module, or by sequential keyboard encoder Polarization Modulation module and sequential
Formula spectrum module is combined, or fast illuminated Polarization Modulation module is combined with sequential keyboard encoder spectrum module.Timing acquisition
Technology is unsuitable for dynamic or quick variation targets, and the unstability of air or surrounding environment can also influence image quality, in addition it is also necessary to
Accurate space positioning system.
By contrast, fast illuminated Polarization Modulation module is organically blended with fast illuminated spectrum module, can be quickly real
When detection two-dimensional space target polarization spectrum image, not only increase operating efficiency, can also be prevented effectively from repeatedly measurement when because
Environmental change and the influence that brings, therefore fast illuminated polarization spectrum imaging technology is the Main way of current and future development, tool
There is important application potential.Current fast illuminated full-polarization spectrum imaging device is mainly based upon compression sensing and calculating computed tomography meter
Calculate, not only system complex, in addition it is also necessary to heavy data reconstruction inversion algorithm.Additionally, when optical system receives Gaussian noise or photon
During influence of noise, Stokes polarization parameter images that existing polarization spectrum imaging technology is detected can not realize noise variance most
Smallization, while rear three Stokes parameters (S1, S2, S3) image noise variance it is also different, be unable to fair precise quantification
Weight shared by each Stokes polarization parameters.
, document in 1996【1】A kind of panchromatic light-field camera is reported, the opticator of system contains a primary mirror,
One micro optical array and a set of secondary imaging optical lens.Wherein, micro optical array can be microlens array or dimension
Array of apertures；If the aperture stop position of primary mirror carry out optical modulation just can be formed different performance fast illuminated polarization and
Optical spectrum imaging device, therefore light field modulation element and technology are to realize polarization spectrum imaging key point., document in 2005【2】
Propose document【1】In secondary imaging optical lens removal, the panchromatic light field of hand-held is realized merely with primary mirror and lenticule
Image camera, with simple compact advantageous feature., document in 2009【3】Propose in document【2】Primary mirror aperture light in device
Spectral filtering chip arrays and linear polarization filter array arranged side by side are placed at door screen place, using microaperture arrays obtain linear polarization image with it is many
Spectrum picture；The device can not obtain the information of circularly polarized light, and polarization image is separated with spectrum picture, it is impossible to obtain
The polarization information relevant with wavelength.Then, document【4】Propose document【3】Filter arrays in device change linear gradient into
Spectral filter is used to improve spectral resolution., document in 2010【5】Propose document【4】The micropore diameter battle array of device changes into micro-
Lens array is used to improve luminous flux, this and document【2】The method for using is consistent., document in 2013【6】Propose in document【2】
Linear polarization filter array arranged side by side and linear gradient spectral filter are placed at primary mirror aperture diaphragm in device, obtains separate
Polarization image and high spectrum image., document in 2012【7】Several groups of different spectral filtering chip arrays are devised to be used to improve spectrum
Resolution ratio, and by document【3】With【4】In microaperture arrays replace with microlens array, be used to improve luminous flux.
2012, Chinese invention patent " a kind of fast high-throughout spectrum imaging method of illuminated and optical spectrum imagers " (was authorized
Notification number：CN 102944305B)【8】It is also proposed that by document【3】With【4】In microaperture arrays replace with microlens array, use
To improve luminous flux, this and document【5】Method it is consistent., the Chinese invention patent " imaging side of multispectral light-field camera in 2013
Method " (Authorization Notice No.：CN 103234527B)【9】Propose in a kind of Chinese invention patent " fast high-throughout light spectrum image-forming of illuminated
Method and optical spectrum imagers " (Authorization Notice No.：CN 102944305B)【8】Device behind introduce combination relay lens, will be micro-
The back focal plane secondary transferring of optical array is beneficial to arrangement detector on detector photosurface；But this method can increase
The volume of adding system, is unfavorable for miniaturization；And this secondary imaging method and document【1】In the method one of report in 1996
Sample, document【2】Innovation be that removal document【1】Rearmounted secondary imaging optics realizing system compact.2013
A kind of year Chinese invention patent " fast high-throughout polarization imaging method of illuminated and polarization imager " (Authorization Notice No.：CN
103472592B)【10】Propose at primary mirror place four subregions linear polarization filter arrays (0 °, 45 °, 90 °, 135 °), this
Kind of method is similar to by document【3】With【6】In spectral filter remove, only realize linear polarization be imaged；Chinese invention in 2015
A kind of patent application " polarization calibrating method of light field polarized imaging system " (application publication number：CN 105300523 A)【11】With
A kind of Chinese invention patent application " channel of polarization calibrating method of polarization multi-spectrum imaging system " (application publication number：CN
105890761 A)【12】, it was recently reported that for calibrating Chinese invention patent, " a kind of fast illuminated is high-throughout to polarize image space to one kind
Method and polarization imager " (Authorization Notice No.：CN 103472592B)【10】The method of reported polarized imaging system.
As can be seen that the fast illuminated polarization of the existing compact based on optical field imaging and optical spectrum imaging device or method, only
Can obtain the information of linearly polarized light, and linearly polarized light image and spectrum picture be separate it is incoherent., Chinese invention in 2012
Patent, " interference optical field imaging high spectrum full polarization detection device " (Authorization Notice No.：CN102680101 B)【13】With middle promulgated by the State Council
Bright patent, " synchronous Polarization Modulation interference imaging spectral polarization detecting device and method " (application publication number：CN102680101A)
【14】, propose to receive document using the lateral shear interferometer of imaging type【2】The separation picture point of lenticule back focal plane in device,
And at the aperture diaphragm of primary mirror place four subregions full polarization modulation element, be used to obtain the spectrum of full Stokes polarization parameters
Image；But could obtain the corresponding interference pattern of whole optical path differences, therefore two because lateral shear interferometer needs scanning target
The device of individual patent of invention report is required for using timing acquisition mode, it is impossible to realize that fast illuminated is obtained, and system complex, body
Product is larger.
Bibliography
【1】E.H.Adelson and J.Y.A.Wang,“Single lens stereo with a plenoptic
camera,”IEEE Trans.Pattern Anal.Machine Intell.14,99-106(1992).
【2】R.Ng,M.Levoy,M.Bredif,G.Duval,M.Horowitz,and P Hanrahan,“Light
field photography with a handheld plenoptic camera,”Stanford Tech Report CTSR
2005-02(2005).
【3】R.Horstmeyer,G.Euliss,R.Athale,and M.Levoy,“Flexible multimodal
camera using a light field architecture,”International Conference on
Computational Photography(2009).
【4】R.Horstmeyer,R.Athale,G.Euliss,“Modified light field architecture
for reconfigurable multimode imaging,”SPIE Vol.7468,746804(2009).
【5】Z.L.Zhou,Y Yuan,B Xiangli,“Light field imaging spectrometer:
conceptual design and simulated performance,Front.Opt.,FThM3(2010).
【6】B.D.Bartlett,M.D.Rodriguez,“Snapshot Spectral and Polarimetric
Imaging；Target Identification with Multispectral Video,”SPIE Vol.8743,87430R-
1(2013).
【7】K.Berkner,S.A.Shroff,“Design framework for a spectral mask for a
plenoptic camera,”SPIE Vol.8743,87430R-1(2013).
【8】Chinese invention patent, " a kind of fast high-throughout spectrum imaging method of illuminated and optical spectrum imagers ", Granted publication
Number：CN 102944305B.
【9】Chinese invention patent, " imaging method of multispectral light-field camera ", Authorization Notice No.：CN 103234527B.
【10】Chinese invention patent, " a kind of fast high-throughout polarization imaging method of illuminated and polarization imager " authorizes public
Announcement number：CN 103472592B.
【11】Chinese invention patent application, " a kind of polarization calibrating method of light field polarized imaging system ", application publication number：
CN 105300523 A.
【12】Chinese invention patent application, " a kind of channel of polarization calibrating method of polarization multi-spectrum imaging system ", application
Publication number：CN 105890761A.
【13】Chinese invention patent, " interference optical field imaging high spectrum full polarization detection device ", Authorization Notice No.：
CN102680101B.
【14】Chinese invention patent, " synchronous Polarization Modulation interference imaging spectral polarization detecting device and method " application is open
Number：CN102680101A.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of fast compact noise immunity type optical field imaging full-polarization spectrum detection dress of illuminated
Put and method, the advantage of picture, compressibility size, later data treatment simple and fast, it is to avoid heavy are modulated into using light field
Data reconstruction algorithm, reduces the Inversion Calculation time, realizes real-time acquisition and the video of the polarization spectrum radiation of two-dimensional space target
Monitoring.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that：
The fast compact noise immunity type optical field imaging full-polarization spectrum detection device of illuminated, including object lens, light field modulating unit,
Micro optical array, planar array detector and data acquisition process display system；Object lens, light field modulating unit, micro optical array and face
Array detector is along incident light to setting gradually；Light field modulating unit is placed in the aperture diaphragm position of object lens, and micro optical array is placed in
The image planes position of object lens, planar array detector is placed on the back focal plane of micro optical array, and with data acquisition process display system phase
Even；Light field modulating unit includes Polarization Modulation module and spectral filtering chip arrays；Polarization Modulation module is included along incident light direction
The four subregion retardation plates and linear polarizer being sequentially placed；Spectral filtering chip arrays include four subregions, with four subregion retardation plates
Each subregion is corresponding.
Further, four subregion retardation plates include the different achromatism retardation plate of four pieces of retardations placed side by side, each
The quick shaft direction of achromatism retardation plate is different from the angle of the polarization direction of linear polarizer；Each subregion in spectral filtering chip arrays
Filter arrays distribution it is identical, all comprising the narrow band pass filter or linear variable filter of multiple difference centre wavelengths.
Further, micro optical array is microlens array, microaperture arrays, low-light fibre array or micro- binary optical battle array
Row.
Further, four subregion retardation plates, linear polarizer and spectral filtering chip arrays are close to and are successively placed.
The detection method of the compact noise immunity type optical field imaging full-polarization spectrum detection device of fast illuminated, including：It is two-dimentional empty
Between any point in target send light beam and enter object lens, after light field modulating unit carries out polarization and spectral modulation, shape
The light beam of different polarization and spectroscopic optics information is carried into all directions, then the light beam converges at the micro-optics battle array at object lens image planes
On row, then continue to transmit through micro optical array, form the separation picture point battle array for carrying different optical information on focal plane behind
Row, the frame of data acquisition process display system control planar array detector snapshot one carries the picture point array of different polarization and spectral information
Image, the space pattern of tested two dimension target, one-dimensional spectrum, full Stokes is obtained by extracting and processing the frame image data inclined
The information of the aspect of parameter of shaking three.
Further, four subregion Polarization Modulations are carried out by Polarization Modulation module first by the light beam of light field modulating unit,
Then the light of each subregion carries out spectral modulation by the corresponding subregion of spectral filtering chip arrays, the emergent ray of last each subregion
With different wavelength and identical Polarization Modulation.
7th, detection method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that when the polarization direction of linear polarizer is along level side
Xiang Shi, the light intensity expression of four subregion emergent rays is respectively：
I1[the S of (λ)=0.50+S1(cos2 2θ1+sin2 2θ1cosδ1)+S2(sin2(δ1/2)sin 4θ1)-S3(sin 2θ1sinδ1)],
I2[the S of (λ)=0.50+S1(cos2 2θ2+sin2 2θ2cosδ2)+S2(sin2(δ2/2)sin 4θ2)-S3(sin 2θ2sinδ2)],
I3[the S of (λ)=0.50+S1(cos2 2θ3+sin2 2θ3cosδ3)+S2(sin2(δ3/2)sin 4θ3)-S3(sin 2θ3sinδ3)],
I4[the S of (λ)=0.50+S1(cos2 2θ4+sin2 2θ4cosδ4)+S2(sin2(δ4/2)sin 4θ4)-S3(sin 2θ4sinδ4)],
In formula, λ is wavelength, S0, S1, S2, S3It is four Stokes polarization parameters, (δ1, δ2, δ3, δ4) it is respectively that four subregions prolong
The retardation of each subregion, (θ in slow plate1, θ2, θ3, θ4) be respectively each subregion in four subregion retardation plates quick shaft direction and line
The angle of the polarization direction of polarizer (213).
Further, the corresponding separation picture point battle array of lower four pairs of differences (δ, the θ) value of phase co-wavelength for being obtained to planar array detector
Row carry out equation solution, obtain impact point full Stokes polarization parameters image at that wavelength；Similar is all done to each wavelength
Treatment, obtains the full Stokes polarization parameters spectrum picture of impact point；Separation picture point array corresponding to all impact points all does
Identical treatment, obtains the full Stokes polarization parameters spectrum picture of two-dimensional space target.
Further, photon influence of noise is received when optical system is influenceed by Gaussian noise and photon noise simultaneously or only
When, take [δ1=102 °, θ1=72 °], [δ2=102 °, θ2=-72 °], [δ3=142 °, θ4=35 °], [δ4=142 °, θ4=-
35 °] when or each value left and right deviation when being less than 1 degree so that all Stokes polarization parameters for detecting have minimum making an uproar
Sound variance；When optical system by Gaussian noise by only being influenceed, [δ is taken1=132 °, θ1=51.2 °], [δ2=132 °, θ2=-
51.7 °], [δ3=132 °, θ4=15.1 °], [δ4=132 °, θ4=-15.1 °] when or each value left and right deviation be less than 1 degree
When so that all Stokes polarization parameters for detecting have minimum noise variance.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the advantages that：
1st, a two field picture of snapshot two-dimensional space target, you can obtain the polarization spectrum information of each target element, while retaining
The spatial information of each target element, temporal resolution is high, it is to avoid the influence brought by environmental change during multiple measurement, two dimension is empty
Between data correlation effectively, high working efficiency.
The 2nd, light field modulating unit is only set at primary mirror aperture location, there is no rearmounted secondary imaging device, with simple
The superiority of compact.
3rd, data recombination treatment is simple lucid and lively, and target can be monitored in real time on a monitor.
4th, acquired Stokes polarization parameters have minimum noise variance, while rear three Stokes parameters (S1, S2,
S3) there is the noise variance of approximate equivalent, be conducive to the weight shared by each Stokes polarization parameters of fair precise quantification.
The present invention relative to the picture type using timing acquisition pattern, push away the type of sweeping or window sweeps type polarization spectrum imaging device
For, without rotation, tuning or step-scan device and related precision positioning device, with the real-time superior spy for obtaining
Levy.Filled relative to the compression sensing using the heavy algorithm for reconstructing of large amount of complex or the fast illuminated polarization spectrum imaging of calculating computed tomography type
For putting, with the real-time advantageous feature rebuild.Device of the invention is applied to detection dynamic or the fast full light for becoming target
Information, the negative effect that is brought by factors such as object variations, jittering noise or environmental changes can be effectively prevented from, in astronomy
The fields such as observation, space exploration, earth remote sensing, machine vision and biomedical diagnostic have potential application value.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the compact noise immunity type optical field imaging full-polarization spectrum detection device of fast illuminated of the invention
Figure.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the light field modulating unit in Fig. 1.
In figure, 1 is object lens, 2 is light field modulating unit, 3 is micro optical array, 4 is planar array detector, 5 is data acquisition
Treatment display system, 21 is Polarization Modulation module, and 22 is spectral filtering chip arrays, and 211 is four subregion retardation plates, and 213 is that line is inclined
Shake device.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
A kind of such as Fig. 1, fast compact noise immunity type optical field imaging full-polarization spectrum detection device of illuminated of the present invention, is entered by edge
Light is penetrated to be shown to the object lens 1, light field modulating unit 2, micro optical array 3, planar array detector 4, data acquisition process that set gradually
System 5 is constituted；Wherein, light field modulating unit 2 is placed in the aperture diaphragm position of object lens 1, and micro optical array 3 is placed in the picture of object lens 1
Face position, planar array detector 4 is placed on the back focal plane of micro optical array 3, and is connected with data acquisition process display system 5；Light
Field modulating unit 2 includes Polarization Modulation module 21 and spectral filtering chip arrays 22；Polarization Modulation module is included along incident light direction
The four subregion retardation plates 211 and linear polarizer 213 being sequentially placed；Spectral filtering chip arrays 22 include four subregions, with four subregions
Each subregion of retardation plate 211 is corresponding；Four subregion retardation plates 211 prolong comprising four pieces of different achromatisms of the retardation placed side by side
Slow plate, the quick shaft direction of each achromatism retardation plate is different from the angle of the polarization direction of linear polarizer 213；Spectral filter battle array
The filter arrays distribution of each subregion is identical in row 22, all comprising the narrow band pass filter or linear of multiple difference centre wavelengths
Gradual filter；Micro optical array 3 is microlens array or microaperture arrays or low-light fibre array or micro- binary optical
Array；
Such as Fig. 1, object lens 1 are telephotolens, microcobjective or common object lens.
Such as Fig. 1, micro optical array 3 is microlens array, microaperture arrays, low-light fibre array, micro- binary optical array, and
It is placed in the image planes of object lens 1；
Such as Fig. 1, planar array detector 4 is placed on the back focal plane of micro optical array 3, and with data acquisition process display system 5
It is connected；
Such as Fig. 2, the receiving terminal of light field modulating unit 2 is four subregion retardation plates 211, and exit end is spectral filtering chip arrays
22, it is placed on the aperture diaphragm of object lens 1.
Such as Fig. 2, Polarization Modulation module 21 includes four subregion retardation plates 211 and linear polarizer 213.
Such as Fig. 2, the retardation of four subregion retardation plate 211 each subregion is different, the quick shaft direction and linear polarization of each subregion
The polarization direction angle of device 213 is different.
The detection method of the compact noise immunity type optical field imaging full-polarization spectrum detection device of illuminated of the invention fast is：Two dimension
Any point in extraterrestrial target sends light beam into object lens 1, is polarized by light field modulating unit 2 and spectral modulation
Afterwards, the light beam that all directions carry different polarization and spectroscopic optics information is formed, then the light beam converges at micro- at the image planes of object lens 1
On optical array 3, then pass through micro optical array 3 and continue to transmit, formed on focal plane carry dividing for different optical information behind
From picture point array, the frame of 4 snapshot of the control planar array detector of data acquisition process display system 5 one carries different polarization and spectral information
Picture point array image, the space pattern of tested two dimension target, one-dimensional can be obtained by extracting and process the frame image data
The information of spectrum, the aspect of full Stokes polarization parameters three；Wherein by the light beam of light field modulating unit 2 first by Polarization Modulation mould
Block 21 carries out four subregion Polarization Modulations, and then the light of each subregion carries out spectrum tune by the corresponding subregion of spectral filtering chip arrays 22
System, the emergent ray of last each subregion has different wavelength and identical Polarization Modulations；When the polarization side of linear polarizer 213
To in the horizontal direction when, the light intensity expression of four subregion emergent rays is respectively：
I1[the S of (λ)=0.50+S1(cos2 2θ1+sin2 2θ1cosδ1)+S2(sin2(δ1/2)sin 4θ1)-S3(sin 2θ1sinδ1)],
I2[the S of (λ)=0.50+S1(cos2 2θ2+sin2 2θ2cosδ2)+S2(sin2(δ2/2)sin 4θ2)-S3(sin 2θ2sinδ2)],
I3[the S of (λ)=0.50+S1(cos2 2θ3+sin2 2θ3cosδ3)+S2(sin2(δ3/2)sin 4θ3)-S3(sin 2θ3sinδ3)],
I1[the S of (λ)=0.50+S1(cos2 2θ4+sin2 2θ4cosδ4)+S2(sin2(δ4/2)sin 4θ4)-S3(sin 2θ4sinδ4)],
In formula, λ is wavelength, S0, S1, S2, S3It is four Stokes polarization parameters, δ1, δ2, δ3, δ4It is respectively that four subregions postpone
The retardation of each subregion, θ in plate 2111, θ2, θ3, θ4Be respectively each subregion in four subregion retardation plates 211 quick shaft direction with
The angle of the polarization direction of linear polarizer 212；Lower four pairs of differences (δ, θ) value correspondence of phase co-wavelength obtained to planar array detector 4
Separation picture point array carry out simple equation solution, you can obtain impact point full Stokes polarization parameters figure at that wavelength
Picture；Similar treatment is all done to each wavelength, you can obtain the full Stokes polarization parameters spectrum picture of impact point；To all targets
The corresponding separation picture point array of point all does identical treatment, you can obtain the full Stokes polarization parameters spectrum of two-dimensional space target
Image.When optical system being influenceed by Gaussian noise and photon noise simultaneously or only by photon influence of noise, [δ is taken1=
102°,θ1=72 °], [δ2=102 °, θ2=-72 °], [δ3=142 °, θ4=35 °], [δ4=142 °, θ4=-35 °] when or
When each value left and right deviation is less than 1 degree, may be such that all Stokes polarization parameters for detecting have minimum noise variance, together
Shi Housan Stokes parameters (S1, S2, S3) there is the noise variance of approximate equivalent, it is inclined for each Stokes of fair precise quantification
The weight of parameter of shaking.When optical system by Gaussian noise by only being influenceed, [δ is taken1=132 °, θ1=51.2 °], [δ2=132 °,
θ2=-51.7 °], [δ3=132 °, θ4=15.1 °], [δ4=132 °, θ4=-15.1 °] when or each value left and right deviation be less than 1
When spending, may be such that all Stokes polarization parameters for detecting have minimum noise variance, while rear three Stokes parameters
(S1, S2, S3) there is the noise variance of approximate equivalent, for the weight of each Stokes polarization parameters of fair precise quantification.
Claims (9)
1. the compact noise immunity type optical field imaging full-polarization spectrum detection device of fast illuminated, it is characterised in that including object lens (1),
Light field modulating unit (2), micro optical array (3), planar array detector (4) and data acquisition process display system (5)；
Object lens (1), light field modulating unit (2), micro optical array (3) and planar array detector (4) are along incident light to setting gradually；
Light field modulating unit (2) is placed in the aperture diaphragm position of object lens (1), and micro optical array (3) is placed in the image planes position of object lens (1)
Put, planar array detector (4) is placed on the back focal plane of micro optical array (3), and be connected with data acquisition process display system (5)；
Light field modulating unit (2) includes Polarization Modulation module (21) and spectral filtering chip arrays (22)；Polarization Modulation module is included
Along four subregion retardation plates (211) and linear polarizer (213) that incident light direction is sequentially placed；Spectral filtering chip arrays (22) are included
Four subregions, each subregion with four subregion retardation plates (211) is corresponding.
2. the compact noise immunity type optical field imaging full-polarization spectrum detection device of fast illuminated according to claim 1, it is special
Levy and be, four subregion retardation plates (211) include the different achromatism retardation plate of four pieces of retardations placed side by side, each achromatism
The quick shaft direction of retardation plate is different from the angle of the polarization direction of linear polarizer (213)；In spectral filtering chip arrays (22) each
The filter arrays distribution of subregion is identical, and the narrow band pass filter or linear gradient all comprising multiple difference centre wavelengths filter
Piece.
3. the compact noise immunity type optical field imaging full-polarization spectrum detection device of fast illuminated according to claim 1, it is special
Levy and be, micro optical array (3) is microlens array, microaperture arrays, low-light fibre array or micro- binary optical array.
4. the compact noise immunity type optical field imaging full-polarization spectrum detection device of fast illuminated according to claim 1, it is special
Levy and be, four subregion retardation plates (211), linear polarizer (213) and spectral filtering chip arrays (22) are close to successively placement.
5. the compact noise immunity type optical field imaging full-polarization spectrum detection dress of fast illuminated any one of Claims 1-4
The detection method put, it is characterised in that including：Any point in two-dimensional space target sends light beam into object lens (1), warp
After crossing light field modulating unit (2) and carrying out polarization and spectral modulation, form all directions and carry different polarization and spectroscopic optics information
Light beam, then the light beam converge on the micro optical array (3) at object lens (1) image planes, then through micro optical array (3) continue
Transmission, forms the separation picture point array for carrying different optical information, data acquisition process display system (5) control behind on focal plane
The frame of planar array detector (4) snapshot one processed carries the picture point array image of different polarization and spectral information, should by extracting and processing
Frame image data obtains space pattern, one-dimensional spectrum, the information of the aspect of full Stokes polarization parameters three of tested two dimension target.
6. detection method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that by light field modulating unit (2) light beam first by
Polarization Modulation module (21) carries out four subregion Polarization Modulations, and then the light of each subregion is by the correspondence of spectral filtering chip arrays (22)
Subregion carries out spectral modulation, and the emergent ray of last each subregion has different wavelength and identical Polarization Modulations.
7. detection method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that when the polarization direction of linear polarizer (213) is along level
During direction, the light intensity expression of four subregion emergent rays is respectively：
I1[the S of (λ)=0.50+S1(cos2 2θ1+sin2 2θ1cosδ1)+S2(sin2(δ1/2)sin 4θ1)-S3(sin 2θ1 sin
δ1)],
I2[the S of (λ)=0.50+S1(cos2 2θ2+sin2 2θ2cosδ2)+S2(sin2(δ2/2)sin 4θ2)-S3(sin 2θ2 sin
δ2)],
I3[the S of (λ)=0.50+S1(cos2 2θ3+sin2 2θ3cosδ3)+S2(sin2(δ3/2)sin 4θ3)-S3(sin 2θ3 sin
δ3)],
I4[the S of (λ)=0.50+S1(cos2 2θ4+sin2 2θ4cosδ4)+S2(sin2(δ4/2)sin 4θ4)-S3(sin 2θ4 sin
δ4)],
In formula, λ is wavelength, S0, S1, S2, S3It is four Stokes polarization parameters, (δ1, δ2, δ3, δ4) it is respectively four subregion retardation plates
(211) retardation of each subregion, (θ in1, θ2, θ3, θ4) be respectively each subregion in four subregion retardation plates (211) fast axle side
To the angle with the polarization direction of linear polarizer (213).
8. detection method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that under the phase co-wavelength obtained to planar array detector (4)
The corresponding picture point array that separates of four pairs of difference (δ, the θ) values carries out equation solution, obtains impact point full Stokes at that wavelength
Polarization parameter image；Similar treatment is all done to each wavelength, the full Stokes polarization parameters spectrum picture of impact point is obtained；To institute
There is the corresponding picture point array that separates of impact point all to do identical treatment, obtain the full Stokes polarization parameters light of two-dimensional space target
Spectrogram picture.
9. detection method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that when simultaneously optical system is made an uproar by Gaussian noise and photon
When sound shadow being rung or only by photon influence of noise, [δ is taken1=102 °, θ1=72 °], [δ2=102 °, θ2=-72 °], [δ3=
142°,θ4=35 °], [δ4=142 °, θ4=-35 °] when or each value left and right deviation be less than 1 degree when so that the institute for detecting
Having Stokes polarization parameters has minimum noise variance；When optical system by Gaussian noise by only being influenceed, [δ is taken1=
132°,θ1=51.2 °], [δ2=132 °, θ2=-51.7 °], [δ3=132 °, θ4=15.1 °], [δ4=132 °, θ4=-
15.1 °] when or each value left and right deviation when being less than 1 degree so that all Stokes polarization parameters for detecting have minimum
Noise variance.
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