CN106795919B - 用于万向节的圆形轴承端口的盖组件 - Google Patents

用于万向节的圆形轴承端口的盖组件 Download PDF

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CN106795919B
CN106795919B CN201580045676.5A CN201580045676A CN106795919B CN 106795919 B CN106795919 B CN 106795919B CN 201580045676 A CN201580045676 A CN 201580045676A CN 106795919 B CN106795919 B CN 106795919B
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CN106795919A (zh
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P.N.奥斯戈德
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C35/00—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers
    • F16C35/04—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers in the case of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C35/06—Mounting or dismounting of ball or roller bearings; Fixing them onto shaft or in housing
    • F16C35/067—Fixing them in a housing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B35/00—Drives for metal-rolling mills, e.g. hydraulic drives
    • B21B35/14—Couplings, driving spindles, or spindle carriers specially adapted for, or specially arranged in, metal-rolling mills
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B35/00—Drives for metal-rolling mills, e.g. hydraulic drives
    • B21B35/14—Couplings, driving spindles, or spindle carriers specially adapted for, or specially arranged in, metal-rolling mills
    • B21B35/142—Yielding spindle couplings; Universal joints for spindles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/26—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected
    • F16D3/38—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected with a single intermediate member with trunnions or bearings arranged on two axes perpendicular to one another
    • F16D3/382—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected with a single intermediate member with trunnions or bearings arranged on two axes perpendicular to one another constructional details of other than the intermediate member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/26—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected
    • F16D3/38—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected with a single intermediate member with trunnions or bearings arranged on two axes perpendicular to one another
    • F16D3/382—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected with a single intermediate member with trunnions or bearings arranged on two axes perpendicular to one another constructional details of other than the intermediate member
    • F16D3/385—Bearing cup; Bearing construction; Bearing seal; Mounting of bearing on the intermediate member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/26—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected
    • F16D3/38—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected with a single intermediate member with trunnions or bearings arranged on two axes perpendicular to one another
    • F16D3/40—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected with a single intermediate member with trunnions or bearings arranged on two axes perpendicular to one another with intermediate member provided with two pairs of outwardly-directed trunnions on intersecting axes
    • F16D3/41—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected with a single intermediate member with trunnions or bearings arranged on two axes perpendicular to one another with intermediate member provided with two pairs of outwardly-directed trunnions on intersecting axes with ball or roller bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
    • F16C19/24—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for radial load mainly
    • F16C19/28—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for radial load mainly with two or more rows of rollers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C21/00—Combinations of sliding-contact bearings with ball or roller bearings, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C21/005—Combinations of sliding-contact bearings with ball or roller bearings, for exclusively rotary movement the external zone of a bearing with rolling members, e.g. needles, being cup-shaped, with or without a separate thrust-bearing disc or ring, e.g. for universal joints
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2250/00—Manufacturing; Assembly
    • F16D2250/0061—Joining
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/84—Shrouds, e.g. casings, covers; Sealing means specially adapted therefor

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Diaphragms And Bellows (AREA)
  • Closures For Containers (AREA)
  • Snaps, Bayonet Connections, Set Pins, And Snap Rings (AREA)
  • Pressure Vessels And Lids Thereof (AREA)
  • Window Of Vehicle (AREA)

Abstract

用于万向节10'的轭中的圆形轴承端口的盖组件包括多个单独的盖片段26，所述盖片段被构造成并且尺寸被设置成***所述轴承端口，所述盖片段在轴承端口中的位置使得它们彼此协作以封闭所述轴承端口。每个盖片段的外边缘都位于围绕所述轴承端口的内表面的锁定槽中。盖片段26被互连以形成整体圆形盖，并且所述该在相对于所述轭旋转方面被固定。

Description

用于万向节的圆形轴承端口的盖组件
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求了序列号14/817571、2015年8月4日提交的美国发明申请和系列号为62/042315、2014年8月27日提交的美国临时申请的优先权，这两个申请的全部内容和要旨通过引用被并入本文。
背景技术
1. 技术领域
本发明的各方面涉及用于在封闭重工业设备，尤其是轧钢机，中所用类型的万向节的圆形轴承端口中使用的盖组件。
2. 相关技术的描述
图1-4示出了传统的万向节10。该万向节包括四个轭半部组件12a-12d和他们之间的十字组件14。十字组件包括由包含在轴承端口20中的轴承18可旋转地支撑的四个臂16。
在传统的***中，轴承端口20的端部是开放的并且由盖22封闭，所述盖的边沿被螺栓24固定到轭半部上。由于空间有限，这些螺栓必须很小以便装配，因此必须有相当大数量的螺栓。在负载时，轭轴承端口有变形的趋势，这引起了螺栓松脱或断裂。
另一传统的解决方案是使用大卡环来将盖保持在合适位置，但是这些卡环被证明是难以使用的，并且安放这些卡环的窄槽可能导致应力升高。
另一个传统的解决方案是将轴承端口构造成盲孔。这种解决方案的问题是轭在轴承端口上变得非常薄，因此轭可能变成有断开趋势的高应力区域。
由于传统的解决方案的这些局限性，限制了万向节的承载能力，因此需要一种新的解决方案。
发明内容
简要地说，本发明的各方面涉及用来封闭万向节的圆形轴承端口的盖组件。万向节是重工业环境中所采用的类型，尤其是轧钢机。
在本发明的示例性实施例中，用于万向节的轭中的轴承端口的盖组件可包括多个单独的盖片段，所述盖片段被构造成并且其尺寸被设计成用于***到轴承端口中，它们在轴承端口中的位置使得它们彼此协作以封闭该轴承端口。每个盖片段的外边缘都位于围绕轴承端口的内表面的锁定槽中，并且所述盖在相对于所述轭旋转方面是固定的。
整体圆形盖的外直径优选地小于锁定槽的内直径。
盖片段可通过键彼此连接，所述键通过紧固件被固定的每个盖片段上。
盖组件可通过键上的突片在相对于轭旋转方面被固定，所述突片被构造成并且被布置成位于轴承端口的内表面中的防旋转凹口中。
锁定槽可以具有圆底部，并且盖片段的外边缘可具有位于所述锁定槽中的圆肩部。
可在锁定槽的圆底部中设置第二槽，并且可在第二槽中设置O形环。O形环可弹性压缩并且可被构造成并且尺寸被设计成在径向上限制所述整体圆形盖。
盖片段可包括第一片段和第二片段，所述第一片段和第二片段封闭轴承端口的相对两侧同时允许在它们之间留有间隙；以及封闭所述间隙的一部分的第三片段和封闭所述间隙的其余部分的第四片段。
附图说明
图1是万向节的透视图，其轴承端口通过传统盖封闭；
图2是图1中示出的万向节的侧视图；
图3是沿图2中线3-3的剖视图；
图4是图3中示出的圆圈部分的放大局部剖视图；
图5是万向节的透视图，其轴承端口由根据本发明的示例性实施例的盖组件封闭；
图6是图5中示出的万向节的其中一个轭半部的侧视图；
图7是沿图6中的线7-7的剖视图，并且示出了轴承端口的内表面由根据本发明的示例性实施例的锁定槽围绕；
图8和9是图7中的圆圈部分的放大局部剖视图；
图10是构成根据本发明的示例性实施例的盖的部件的放大视图；
图11A-11E是描述安装根据本发明的示例性实施例的盖组件的顺序步骤的示意图示；
图12A-12B是根据本发明的示例性实施例的盖片段的外边缘被安放到锁定槽中并抵靠O形环的放大剖视图；以及
图13A和13B是根据本发明的示例性实施例的改进的盖片段的正视透视图和后视透视图，所述改进的盖片段被构造成与其他的盖片段互相连接并且旋转固定盖组件。
具体实施方式
为了方便理解本发明的实施例、原理和特征，下面参照说明性实施例中的实施方式对其进行解释。尤其是，在作为重载万向节的圆形轴承端口的盖的上下文中对其进行描述。
但是本发明的实施例不限于在所描述的工业应用中的使用。
下面描述的构成各种实施例的部件和材料仅是用于说明目的而非限制目的。会执行与本文描述的材料相同或相似功能的许多合适部件和材料都落入本发明的实施例的范围内。
图5说明了万向节10'，它也包括四个轭半部组件12a'-12d'，并且轭组件的轴承端口都由根据本发明的实施例的盖组件26封闭。
参见图10，盖组件26优选地包括O形环28、第一和第二盖片段30a、30b、第三盖片段30c、第四盖片段30d、键32、和典型地由34指示的多个紧固件。盖片段30a-30d的外边缘形成有圆肩部31。
如图6-9所示，每个轭半部组件都具有端部开放的圆形轴承端口36，轴承端口的内表面由锁定槽38围绕。锁定槽具有圆底部38a，圆底部38a被第二槽40中断。在一个位置处，如图9所示，槽38与防旋转凹口42相交。
通过下列顺序步骤实现盖组件26的安装：
将O形环28安放在第二槽40内。
如图11A所示，将第一盖片段30a定位在轴承端口的一侧上。
如图11B所示，将第二盖片段30b定位在轴承端口的相对侧上。第一和第二盖片段被构造成并且尺寸被设计成在它们之间限定间隙44。
如图11C所示，将第三盖片段30c定位成封闭所述间隙44的一部分。
如图11D所示，将第四盖片段30d定位成封闭所述间隙44的其余部分。
如图11E所示，然后将键32固定到所有的盖片段，由此将它们互连成一个整体盖。键32包括突片33，突片33被构造成并且被布置成安放在防旋转凹口42内，因此在相对于轭半部旋转方面固定所述盖组件。
如图12a和12b最佳所示，在盖片段30a-30d的外边缘上的圆肩部31被接收在锁定槽38内。整体盖的外直径优选地略微小于所述锁定槽38的内边缘。
O形环28从锁定槽38的圆底部38a径向地向内伸出。整体盖的外圆形边缘与O形环接触，因此在径向上由O形环28支撑并限制。O形环的可弹性压缩性允许整体盖在径向上相对于轭半部“浮动”，由此使将键32固定到每个盖片段的紧固件34与由负载下的轴承端口的扭曲变形所引起的破坏性应力隔离开。
现在参照图13A和13B，可以看到第四盖片段30d'可以设有开口阵列，所述开口阵列容纳紧固件以将第四盖片段固定到其它的盖片段，并且还设有突片33'，所述突片33'被构造成并且被布置成接收在防旋转凹口42内。利用这种布置，第四盖片段也起到键的作用。
鉴于前述内容，本领域技术人员应该理解，在不脱离权利要求所限定的本发明范围的情况下，可以对本文公开的示例性实施例进行改进。例如，整体盖可以由不同数量的不同构造的盖片段构成，并且整体盖可设有基本上等于锁定槽的内直径的外直径。

Claims (15)

1.一种用于万向节的轭中的圆形轴承端口的盖组件，
所述盖组件包括：
多个单独的盖片段，所述盖片段被构造成并且尺寸被设计成***所述轴承端口内，所述盖片段在轴承端口内的位置使得它们彼此协作以封闭所述轴承端口，
所述盖片段中的每一个的外边缘都位于围绕所述轴承端口的内表面的锁定槽中；
用于将所述盖片段互连以由此形成整体圆形盖的装置；以及
用于在相对于所述轭旋转方面固定所述整体圆形盖的装置。
2.如权利要求1所述的盖组件，其中所述整体圆形盖的外直径小于所述锁定槽的内直径。
3.如权利要求1所述的盖组件，其中用于互连所述盖片段的所述装置包括由紧固件固定到每个盖片段上的键。
4.如权利要求3所述的盖组件，其中用于旋转地固定所述整体圆形盖的所述装置包括在所述键上的突片，所述突片被构造成并且被布置成安放在所述轴承端口的所述内表面中的防旋转凹口内。
5.如权利要求2所述的盖组件，其中所述锁定槽具有圆底部，并且其中所述盖片段的外边缘都具有位于所述锁定槽内的圆肩部。
6.如权利要求5所述的盖组件，还包括在所述锁定槽的圆底部中的第二槽，和位于所述第二槽内的O形环，所述O形环可弹性压缩并且被构造成并且尺寸被设计成在径向上限制所述整体圆形盖。
7.如权利要求1所述的盖组件，其中所述整体圆形盖包括：
第一盖片段和第二盖片段，所述第一盖片段和第二盖片段封闭所述轴承端口的相对两侧，所述第一盖片段和第二盖片段被构造成并且尺寸被设计成在它们之间限定间隙；
封闭所述间隙的一部分的第三盖片段；以及
封闭所述间隙的其余部分的第四盖片段。
8.如权利要求3所述的盖组件，其中所述键构成所述盖片段中的其中一个的必不可少部分。
9.一种封闭万向节的轭中的圆形轴承端口的方法，所述方法包括：
提供围绕所述轴承端口的内表面的锁定槽；将多个盖片段***所述轴承端口内，所述盖片段在轴承端口中的位置使得它们彼此协作以封闭所述轴承端口，所述盖片段中的每一个的外边缘都位于所述锁定槽内；
将所述盖片段互连以由此形成整体圆形盖；以及
在相对于所述轭旋转方面固定所述整体圆形盖。
10.如权利要求9所述的方法，其中所述整体圆形盖通过将键紧固到所述盖片段而形成。
11.如权利要求10所述的方法，其中通过将所述键上的突片放置到所述轴承端口的内表面中的防旋转凹口内来将所述整体圆形盖旋转固定到所述轭。
12.如权利要求9所述的方法，还包括使所述整体圆形盖的外直径小于所述锁定槽的内直径。
13.如权利要求12所述的方法，还包括给所述锁定槽提供圆底部并且给所述盖片段的外边缘提供圆肩部，所述圆肩部位于所述锁定槽的圆底部中。
14.如权利要求13所述的方法，还包括给所述锁定槽的圆底部提供第二槽，所述第二槽包含可弹性压缩的O形环，所述O形环在径向上限制所述整体圆形盖。
15.如权利要求9所述的方法，其中所述盖片段按如下顺序被***到所述轴承端口中：
第一盖片段封闭所述轴承端口的一侧；
第二盖片段封闭所述轴承端口的相对侧，所述第一盖片段和所述第二盖片段被构造成并且尺寸被设置成在它们之间限定间隙；
第三盖片段封闭所述间隙的一部分；以及
第四盖片段封闭所述间隙的其余部分。
CN201580045676.5A 2014-08-27 2015-08-25 用于万向节的圆形轴承端口的盖组件 Expired - Fee Related CN106795919B (zh)

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US201462042315P 2014-08-27 2014-08-27
US62/042315 2014-08-27
US14/817,571 US10125823B2 (en) 2014-08-27 2015-08-04 Cover assembly for the circular bearing port of a universal joint
US14/817571 2015-08-04
PCT/US2015/046723 WO2016033062A1 (en) 2014-08-27 2015-08-25 Cover assembly for the circular bearing port of a universal joint

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JPH10281173A (ja) * 1997-03-31 1998-10-20 Dana Corp 自在継手の軸受キャップ装着・位置決めツール
CN1651776A (zh) * 2004-02-02 2005-08-10 丰田自动车株式会社 十字接头

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US20160061272A1 (en) 2016-03-03

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