CN106769422B - Circumferential distributed high-flux durable creep testing machine - Google Patents
Circumferential distributed high-flux durable creep testing machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN106769422B CN106769422B CN201710152445.5A CN201710152445A CN106769422B CN 106769422 B CN106769422 B CN 106769422B CN 201710152445 A CN201710152445 A CN 201710152445A CN 106769422 B CN106769422 B CN 106769422B
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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Abstract
The invention provides a circumference distributed high-flux durable creep testing machine, which comprises a frame, N sets of independent loading systems and a common set of heating devices, wherein the N sets of independent loading systems and the common set of heating devices are arranged in the frame; the frame comprises a base and an upper transverse plate supported by the base; the loading system comprises a lever loading mechanism, an upper pull rod mechanism, a lower pull rod mechanism and a lifting leveling mechanism. The N sets of lever loading mechanisms consist of L sets of first lever loading mechanisms supported on the upper surface of the upper transverse plate and M sets of second lever loading mechanisms suspended on the lower surface of the upper transverse plate; the stress points of the N sets of lever loading mechanisms are uniformly distributed circumferentially, and the corresponding N sets of upper pull rod mechanisms, lower pull rod mechanisms and N samples are uniformly distributed circumferentially; n samples are circumferentially and uniformly distributed in a cylindrical high-temperature furnace of the heating device; n, L and M are integers, N is more than or equal to 2, L is more than or equal to 1, and M is more than or equal to 1. The invention can ensure the accuracy and consistency of test data of a plurality of samples, and simultaneously has the advantages of small occupied area of the testing machine and low testing cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of material testing machines, and particularly relates to a circumferentially distributed high-flux durable creep testing machine.
Background
The mechanical high temperature creep endurance strength tester consists of rack, loading system, temperature measuring system, deformation measuring system, heating device, measuring and controlling system, software system, etc. The frame generally comprises a base, an upper cross plate fixedly supported by the base, a loading system generally comprises a lever loading mechanism arranged on the upper cross plate, a lifting leveling mechanism and a weight loading and unloading mechanism arranged in the base, an upper pull rod mechanism connected with the lever loading mechanism and a lower pull rod mechanism connected with the lifting leveling mechanism, wherein the upper pull rod mechanism and the lower pull rod mechanism are coaxial, and a sample is arranged between the upper pull rod mechanism and the lower pull rod mechanism. Under constant load and temperature conditions, creep test measurements record data of sample deformation over time, thus requiring activation of the deformation measurement system, and endurance tests to determine the duration of time for the sample to fracture, thus not activating the deformation measurement system.
The multi-sample mechanical high-temperature creep rupture strength tester in the prior art has the following defects:
first, existing loading systems typically have been centered and evenly distributed along the upper surface of the upper cross plate, with multiple samples sharing a single high temperature furnace. The high-temperature furnace is generally of a cuboid type, and samples are uniformly distributed in the cuboid type high-temperature furnace. In order to ensure the temperature deviation requirement of the uniform heat belt in the cuboid high-temperature furnace, the technical difficulty of electric control is increased, and the production cost of equipment is correspondingly increased. In order to solve the problem, in the prior art, a cuboid type high-temperature furnace is separated by a partition plate to form independent heating spaces, and each heating space is provided with a technical scheme of an independent heating module and a temperature monitoring module.
And secondly, a plurality of samples are arranged on the same rack, when the samples are tested at the same time, if one or more of the samples are broken, the generated vibration can be directly transmitted to the whole rack, so that the vibration is transmitted to other samples, the testing of other samples is affected, and the accuracy of test data is reduced.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop a novel multi-sample mechanical high-temperature creep testing machine, which has compact structure, small occupied area and low testing cost on the premise of ensuring the accuracy of test data.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a circumference distributed high-flux durable creep testing machine, so as to overcome the problems in the prior art, and the testing machine has a compact structure, small occupied area and low testing cost on the premise of ensuring the accuracy of test data; meanwhile, the shape of the high-temperature furnace of the testing machine is beneficial to controlling the uniformity of the temperature of the soaking belt in the furnace.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a circumference distributing type high flux durable creep testing machine, includes the frame, sets up N sets of independent loading system and a set of heating device of sharing in the frame, the frame includes the base and is by the last diaphragm of base support, loading system includes lever loading mechanism, goes up pull rod mechanism, lower pull rod mechanism and lift leveling mechanism, go up pull rod mechanism and lower pull rod mechanism coaxial, install the sample between the two, wherein:
the N sets of lever loading mechanisms consist of L sets of first lever loading mechanisms supported on the upper surface of the upper transverse plate and M sets of second lever loading mechanisms suspended on the lower surface of the upper transverse plate;
the stress points of the N sets of lever loading mechanisms are uniformly distributed circumferentially, and the corresponding N sets of upper pull rod mechanisms, lower pull rod mechanisms and N samples are uniformly distributed circumferentially;
the heating device comprises a cylindrical high-temperature furnace, and the N samples are circumferentially and uniformly distributed in the high-temperature furnace;
n, L and M are integers, wherein N is more than or equal to 2, L is more than or equal to 1, and M is more than or equal to 1.
According to the invention, N is greater than or equal to 3, L is greater than or equal to 2, M is greater than or equal to 1 or N is greater than or equal to 3, L is greater than or equal to 1, and M is greater than or equal to 2.
According to the invention, the base comprises a base plate and a panel supported on the base plate; the lifting leveling mechanism comprises a first lifting screw rod mechanism and a shockproof mechanism, wherein:
the first lifting screw rod mechanism comprises a first screw rod which upwards penetrates through the panel, and a connecting plate is arranged on the first screw rod at the bottom of the panel;
the vibration prevention mechanism comprises two guide posts fixedly mounted at the bottom of the panel, the guide posts downwards penetrate through holes at two ends of the connecting plate and are sequentially connected with a linear bearing and a first buffer in series, the linear bearing is embedded in the through holes and is fixed with the bottom of the connecting plate, a limiting part is mounted on the guide post below the first buffer, and the linear bearing and the connecting plate move up and down along the guide posts.
According to the invention, the lower end of the guide post extends down to the floor.
According to the invention, the lower end of the guide post passes down through the floor and extends to the ground.
According to the invention, the lever loading mechanism comprises a lever and a weight supporting mechanism arranged at the tail end of the lever, wherein:
the front end of the lever is internally provided with a lever supporting piece, the lever supporting piece is supported by a lever supporting block fixed on the upper surface or the lower surface of the upper transverse plate, the front end surface of the lever is provided with a balance screw rod, and the balance screw rod is provided with a balance weight;
the weight supporting mechanism comprises a connecting rod supporting seat, a connecting rod arranged at the lower end of the connecting rod supporting seat, and a weight tray arranged at the bottom end of the connecting rod, wherein weights are arranged on the weight tray.
According to the invention, the heating device comprises a high temperature furnace, a high temperature furnace lifting mechanism and a positioning and guiding mechanism, wherein:
the high-temperature furnace lifting mechanism comprises a pair of steel wire ropes fixedly connected with the high-temperature furnace, two steel wire rope steering mechanisms fixed at the front end of the top of the upper transverse plate and two steel wire rope winding mechanisms at the rear end;
the positioning guide mechanism comprises a fixed seat fixed on the frame, guide rods fixed at the upper end and the lower end of the fixed seat, and guide seats fixed on the two side walls of the high-temperature furnace, and the guide seats are guided by the guide rods.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
1) According to the circumferentially distributed high-flux durable creep testing machine, the first lever loading mechanism is supported on the upper transverse plate, the second lever loading mechanism is suspended below the upper transverse plate, stress points of the lever loading mechanisms are circumferentially and uniformly distributed, and the front ends of the lever loading mechanisms can be partially overlapped, so that the space occupied by the lever loading mechanisms is greatly reduced, and the test space occupied by the whole testing machine is further reduced.
2) The cylindrical high-temperature furnace is adopted, so that the uniformity of the temperature of the soaking belt in the furnace is controlled; the upper pull rod mechanism, the lower pull rod mechanism and the samples are uniformly distributed circumferentially, and the samples are uniformly distributed circumferentially in the cylindrical high-temperature furnace, so that the heating conditions of a plurality of samples tend to be more consistent, and the accuracy and consistency of test data of the samples are ensured.
3) The circumference radius of the stress point is also reduced, and the radius of the high-temperature furnace is obviously reduced, so that the equipment and heating cost is reduced, meanwhile, the temperature distribution inside the smaller heating furnace is more uniform, and the accuracy of test data of a plurality of samples is further improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a testing machine according to the present invention (n=6).
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the frame of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic top view of the test machine according to the present invention (n=6).
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the loading system of the present invention in the front view, wherein the two-dot chain line indicates the frame.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the loading system A-A of FIG. 4.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the elevating leveling mechanism B-B of fig. 4 in a direction.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the lever loading mechanism of the present invention in the front view, wherein the two-dot chain line indicates the upper cross plate.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the pull-up lever mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the drop rod mechanism of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the testing machine with the buffer mechanism.
Fig. 11 is a schematic view of the elevating leveling mechanism in fig. 10 in a front view, wherein a two-dot chain line indicates a panel.
Fig. 12 is an enlarged view of a portion C in fig. 11.
Fig. 13 is a schematic view of the elevating leveling mechanism of fig. 10 in a bottom view.
Fig. 14 is a schematic top view of the elevating leveling mechanism of fig. 10.
Fig. 15 is a schematic view of a heating apparatus of the present invention in a front view, wherein a two-dot chain line indicates a frame.
Fig. 16 is a schematic top view of the heating apparatus of the present invention, wherein the two-dot chain line indicates a frame.
FIG. 17 is an enlarged view of a portion of section V of FIG. 1 in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 18 is a schematic plan view configuration diagram of the present invention when n=2, l=1, and m=1.
Fig. 19 is a schematic plan view configuration diagram of the present invention when n=3, l=2, and m=1.
Fig. 20 is a schematic plan view configuration diagram of the present invention when n=4, l=2, and m=2.
Fig. 21 is a schematic plan view configuration diagram of the present invention when n=5, l=3, and m=2.
FIG. 22 is a schematic structural view of a high throughput permanent creep testing machine with a weight loading and unloading mechanism.
In the figure: 1-rack, 2-loading system, 3-heating device, 4-temperature measuring system, 5-measuring and control system, 6-deformation measuring system, 7-sample, 8-first fixture, 9-second fixture, 10-third fixture, 101-fourth fixture, 11-base, 12-upper cross plate, 13-upright, 14-horizontal inductive switch, 21-loading mechanism, 22-elevating leveling mechanism, 23-upper pull rod mechanism, 24-lower pull rod mechanism, 25-weight loading and unloading mechanism, 21 a-first lever loading mechanism, 21 b-second lever loading mechanism, 211-lever, 212-weight supporting mechanism, 213-lever supporting member, 214-balance screw, 215-balance weight 216-connecting rod supporting seat, 217-connecting rod, 218-weight, 219-weight tray, 121-lever supporting block, 111-bottom plate, 112-connecting column, 113-panel, 114-shockproof adjusting pin, 115-sealing plate, 122-switch bracket, 231-upper pull rod supporting mechanism, 232-first self-aligning device, 233-upper pull rod, 241-force sensor, 242-second self-aligning device, 243-lower pull rod, 220-first lifting screw mechanism, 221-first screw rod, 222-leveling motor reducer, 223-synchronous belt driving mechanism, 224-shockproof mechanism, 225-connecting plate, 226-guide column, 227-linear bearing, 228-first buffer, 229-pretension nut, 2210-base plate, 31-high temperature furnace, 32-high temperature furnace elevating mechanism, 33-positioning guide mechanism, 321-wire rope, 322-wire rope steering mechanism, 323-wire rope winding mechanism, 324-elevating motor reducer, 311-guide holder, 331-fixing seat, 332-guide rod, 41-thermocouple, 61-extensometer, 62-displacement sensor, 251-second elevating screw mechanism, 252-second screw rod, 253-second buffer.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail by specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the following examples are illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, according to one embodiment of the present invention, a circumferentially distributed high-throughput permanent creep testing machine includes a rack 1, six sets of independent loading systems 2 installed in the rack 1 and a set of heating devices 3 shared by the six sets of loading systems 2, six sets of independent measuring and controlling systems 5, a test specimen 7 installed in the loading systems 2, and a temperature measuring system 4 and a deformation measuring system 6 installed on the test specimen 7.
As shown in fig. 2, the frame 1 includes a base 11, a column 13 is fixed on the base 11 by a first fixing member 8 (for example, a bolt, a locknut combination), and an upper end surface of the column 13 is fixedly provided with an upper cross plate 12 by a second fixing member 9 (for example, a bolt, a locknut combination).
As shown in fig. 1, 3 and 4 to 6, the loading system 2 includes a lever loading mechanism 21 supported by the upper cross plate 12, a lift leveling mechanism 22 installed in the base 11, an upper pull rod mechanism 23 coupled to the lever loading mechanism 21, and a lower pull rod mechanism 24 coupled to the lift leveling mechanism 22, the upper pull rod mechanism 23 and the lower pull rod mechanism 24 being coaxial, and the sample 7 being installed therebetween.
Wherein: the six sets of independent lever loading mechanisms 21 consist of three sets of first lever loading mechanisms 21a and three sets of second lever loading mechanisms 21b, the first lever loading mechanisms 21a are supported on the upper surface of one end of the upper transverse plate 12, the second lever loading mechanisms 21b are suspended on the lower surface of the other end of the upper transverse plate 12, stress points A of the six sets of lever loading mechanisms 21 are uniformly distributed circumferentially, and corresponding upper pull rod mechanisms 23, lower pull rod mechanisms 24 and samples 7 are uniformly distributed circumferentially.
As shown in fig. 14 and 15, the heating device 3 includes a cylindrical high temperature furnace 31, and the samples 7 are circumferentially and uniformly distributed in the high temperature furnace 31.
According to the multi-sample high-flux durable creep testing machine, the first lever loading mechanism 21a is supported on the upper transverse plate 12, the second lever loading mechanism 21b is suspended below the upper transverse plate 12, stress points A of the lever loading mechanisms 21 are uniformly distributed circumferentially, and the front ends of the lever loading mechanisms 21 can be partially overlapped, so that the space occupied by the lever loading mechanisms 21 is greatly reduced, and the test space occupied by the whole testing machine is further reduced.
By adopting the cylindrical high-temperature furnace, compared with a cuboid high-temperature furnace, the uniformity of the temperature of the soaking belt in the furnace is facilitated to be controlled, the internal temperature of the cylindrical high-temperature furnace is more uniform, and the circumferences of the samples are uniformly distributed in the cylindrical high-temperature furnace, so that the heating conditions of a plurality of samples tend to be more consistent, and the accuracy of test data of the samples is ensured.
Meanwhile, as the circumference radius of the stress point A is reduced, the radius of the high-temperature furnace 31 is obviously reduced, and thus, the equipment and heating cost is reduced; in addition, the temperature distribution in the smaller heating furnace is more uniform, and the accuracy of test data of a plurality of samples is further improved.
According to the invention, the number N of loading systems 2 (or lever loading mechanisms 21) is greater than or equal to 2, the number L of first lever loading mechanisms 21a is greater than or equal to 1, and the number M of second lever loading mechanisms 21b is greater than or equal to 1. The number of the lever loading mechanisms 21 and the numbers of the first lever loading mechanisms 21a and the second lever loading mechanisms 21b may be designed according to actual test conditions, for example:
as shown in fig. 18, n=2, l=1, m=1; at this time, the stress points a of the two lever loading mechanisms 21 are circumferentially and uniformly distributed at an included angle of 180 degrees, a first lever loading mechanism 21a is arranged on the upper surface of the upper transverse plate, and a second lever loading mechanism 21b is suspended on the lower surface of the upper transverse plate.
As shown in fig. 19, n=3, l=2, m=1; at this time, the stress points a of the three lever loading mechanisms 21 are circumferentially and uniformly distributed at an included angle of 120 degrees, two first lever loading mechanisms 21a are disposed on the upper surface of the upper transverse plate 12, and one second lever loading mechanism 21b is suspended on the lower surface of the upper transverse plate 12.
As shown in fig. 20, n=4, l=2, m=2; at this time, the stress points a of the four lever loading mechanisms 21 are circumferentially and uniformly distributed at an included angle of 90 degrees, the two first lever loading mechanisms 21a are disposed on the upper surface of the upper transverse plate 12, and the two second lever loading mechanisms 21b are suspended on the lower surface of the upper transverse plate 12.
As shown in fig. 21, n=5, l=3, m=2; at this time, the stress points a of the five lever loading mechanisms 21 are circumferentially and uniformly distributed at an included angle of 72 degrees, three first lever loading mechanisms 21a are disposed on the upper surface of the upper transverse plate 12, and two second lever loading mechanisms 21b are suspended on the lower surface of the upper transverse plate 12.
Preferably, N is greater than or equal to 3, L is greater than or equal to 2, and M is greater than or equal to 1. At this time, at least three samples 7 are heated in the cylindrical heating furnace 31, and the three samples 7 are heated more uniformly when they are uniformly distributed circumferentially.
As shown in fig. 7, according to the present invention, the lever loading mechanism 21 includes a lever 211 and a weight supporting mechanism 212 mounted at the end of the lever 211, the front end of the lever 211 has a lever supporting member 213 inside, the lever supporting member 213 is supported by a lever supporting block 121 fixed at the upper or lower surface of the upper cross plate 12, the front end of the lever 211 is provided with a balance screw 214, and the balance screw is provided with a balance weight 215.
The weight supporting mechanism 212 comprises a connecting rod supporting seat 216, a connecting rod 217 arranged at the lower end of the connecting rod supporting seat 216, and a weight tray 219 arranged at the bottom end of the connecting rod 217, wherein the weight tray 219 is provided with a weight 218.
Further, the lever support 213 is a blade structure, and the lever support block 121 is a blade knife support structure matching the blade structure.
As shown in fig. 2, according to the present invention, the base 11 includes a bottom plate 111, a coupling post 112, and a panel 113, the coupling post 112 is fixed to the bottom plate 111 by a third fixing member 10 (e.g., a bolt, a nut combination), and the panel 113 is fixed to the top end of the coupling post 112 by a fourth fixing member 101 (e.g., a bolt, a nut combination); a sealing plate 115 is installed around the base 11.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, according to the present invention, the lower surface of the base plate 111 is provided with shock-proof adjustment feet 114. The shock-proof adjustment foot 114 may be an encapsulated adjustment foot, which may reduce the impact of vibration generated by sample fracture on other samples.
As shown in fig. 1 and 6, according to the present invention, the elevating leveling mechanism 22 includes a first screw 221 passing upward through the panel 113, and the first screw 221 is driven to move up and down by a leveling motor reducer 222 fixedly installed under the panel 113 through a timing belt transmission mechanism 223.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, according to the present invention, 6 switch brackets 122 are fixedly mounted on the upper transverse plate 12, and the switch brackets 122 and the lever 211 are respectively and correspondingly mounted with a pair of horizontal induction switches 14.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the switch bracket 122 is fixedly mounted on one end of the upper transverse plate 12, the supporting surface of the switch bracket 122 is higher than the upper surface of the upper transverse plate 12, and the pair of horizontal inductive switches 14 are correspondingly mounted on the supporting surface and the lever 211. The switch bracket 122 may be mounted on the upper surface of the upper transverse plate 12, and a door-shaped switch bracket is used, through which the rear end of the lever 211 passes, and the pair of horizontal sensing switches 14 are mounted on both sides of the door-shaped switch bracket 122.
For the second lever loading mechanism 21b, the switch bracket 122 is fixedly mounted on the other end of the upper transverse plate 12, the bearing surface of the switch bracket 122 is lower than the lower surface of the upper transverse plate 12, and the pair of horizontal inductive switches 14 are correspondingly mounted on the bearing surface and the lever. The switch bracket 122 may be mounted on the lower surface of the upper transverse plate 12, a door-shaped switch bracket is used, the rear end of the lever 211 passes through the door-shaped switch bracket 122, and the pair of horizontal sensing switches 14 are mounted on both sides of the door-shaped switch bracket 122.
By applying a loading force to the test specimen 7 by the lever loading mechanism 21, a larger test load can be obtained with a lighter weight. In the test, the lifting leveling mechanism 22 adjusts and controls the horizontal state of the lever 211 to be within the allowable range through the feedback of the horizontal inductive switch 14, thereby ensuring the stability of the loading force.
As shown in fig. 4 and 8, according to the present invention, the upper pull rod mechanism 23 includes an upper pull rod supporting mechanism 231 top-mounted on the lever supporting member 213, a first self-aligning device 232 is installed at a lower end of the upper pull rod supporting mechanism 231, and an upper pull rod 233 is installed at a lower end of the first self-aligning device 232.
The upper rod support mechanism 231 of the first lever loading mechanism 21a is longer than the upper rod support mechanism 231 of the second lever loading mechanism 21b to ensure that the samples 7 are at the same height in the high temperature furnace 31.
As shown in fig. 1, 4 and 9, the pull-down rod mechanism 24 includes a force sensor 241 mounted on the upper end of the first screw rod 221, a second self-centering device 242 is mounted on the upper end of the force sensor 241, a pull-down rod 243 is mounted on the upper end of the second self-centering device 242, and a sample 7 is mounted between the pull-down rod 243 and the pull-up rod 233.
Because a plurality of samples are tested on the same testing machine, vibration generated by breaking of one sample can be directly transmitted to the rack, so that the testing accuracy of other samples is indirectly influenced, and the following further improvement scheme is adopted for solving the problem.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 11 to 14, the elevating leveling mechanism 22 includes a first elevating screw mechanism 220 and a vibration prevention mechanism 224, wherein: the first lifting screw rod mechanism 220 comprises a first screw rod 221 penetrating through the panel 113 upwards, a connecting plate 225 is arranged on the first screw rod 221 at the bottom of the panel 113, and the first screw rod 221 is driven to move up and down by a leveling motor reducer 222 fixedly installed under the panel 113 through a synchronous belt transmission mechanism 223.
The shockproof mechanism 224 comprises two guide posts 226 fixedly mounted at the bottom of the panel 113, the guide posts 226 penetrate through the connecting plate 225 downwards and are sequentially connected with a linear bearing 227 and a first buffer 228 in series, the linear bearing 227 is embedded in through holes at two ends of the connecting plate 225 and is fixedly connected with the bottom of the connecting plate 225, a pre-tightening nut 229 is mounted on the guide posts 226 below the first buffer 228, and the linear bearing 227 and the connecting plate 225 move up and down along the guide posts 226. The upper and lower surfaces of the first buffer 228 are provided with pads 2210.
In this embodiment, the pre-tightening nut 229 may be a stopper that may be fixed to the guide post 226 in the prior art to prevent the first buffer 228 from falling, where the first buffer 228 is a polyurethane buffer.
When a plurality of samples are tested simultaneously, when one of the samples breaks, the other samples are also in a state of being broken under the same conditions. If one sample breaks, causing the frame to vibrate and be transferred to the other sample through the frame, this can have a significant impact on the accuracy of the test data for the other sample. By adopting the technical scheme, the vibration generated when one sample is broken is downwards transmitted to the first lifting screw rod mechanism 220 through the first screw rod 221, the connecting plate 225 and the linear bearing 227 are driven to move up and down, the vibration is transmitted to the first buffer 228, and the vibration is absorbed by the first buffer 228, so that the influence of the breakage of one sample on other samples can be reduced, and the accuracy of real test data is improved.
Further, according to the present invention, the lower ends of the guide posts 226 extend downward to the bottom plate 111. When the first buffer 229 is insufficient to absorb vibration generated by breaking the sample and affects the test of other samples, the lower end of the guide post is extended downwards to the bottom plate, so that vibration energy which cannot be absorbed by the first buffer 228 is transferred to the bottom plate and is absorbed by the rack, and the influence of the vibration on the sample is further reduced.
Further, according to the present invention, the lower end of the guide post 226 passes downward through the bottom plate 111 and extends to the ground. When the lower end of the guide post 226 transfers the vibration energy which cannot be absorbed by the first buffer 228 to the bottom plate, and the vibration energy cannot be completely absorbed, and the test of other samples is also affected, the lower end of the guide post 226 is penetrated through the bottom plate and extends to the ground, and the vibration is transferred to the ground, so that the influence of the vibration on the samples is further reduced.
As shown in fig. 15 and 16, according to the present invention, the heating apparatus 3 further includes a high temperature furnace elevating mechanism 32 and a positioning guide mechanism 33, wherein:
the high temperature furnace lifting mechanism 32 comprises a pair of steel wire ropes 321 fixedly connected with the top of the high temperature furnace 31, two steel wire rope steering mechanisms 322 fixed at the front end of the top of the upper transverse plate 12 and two steel wire rope winding mechanisms 323 fixed at the rear end, the steel wire rope winding mechanisms 323 are driven by transmission shafts arranged on lifting motor reducers 324, the lifting motor reducers 324 are arranged on the upper transverse plate 12, and the steel wire ropes 321 are vertically moved by the high temperature furnace lifting mechanism 32.
The positioning guide mechanism 33 comprises a fixed seat 331 fixed on the upright post 13, a guide rod 332 with upper and lower ends fixed by the fixed seat 331, a guide seat 311 is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the high temperature furnace 31, and the high temperature furnace 31 is guided by the guide rod 332 through the guide seat 311.
The high-temperature furnace of the existing mechanical high-temperature creep-strength testing machine is usually fixed on a rack, the front surface of the high-temperature furnace 31 is provided with a furnace door, the furnace door is required to be opened when a test piece is installed and detached, the operation is performed in a small independent space, the operation is very inconvenient, the installation precision of the test piece can be affected, and the accuracy of a subsequent test is further affected. In addition, after the test is finished, the temperature of the sample 7 and the upper and lower pull rods 233 and 243 of the loaded test piece is reduced in the high-temperature furnace 31, and the temperature reduction time is long due to the heat preservation effect of the high-temperature furnace, so that the test efficiency is further reduced.
The high-temperature furnace is connected with the high-temperature furnace lifting mechanism through the steel wire rope, free ascending and descending can be realized, the installation and disassembly space of the sample is large, the operation is convenient, the installation accuracy of the sample is improved, the accuracy of test data is further ensured, and the high-temperature furnace is guided by the guide rod, so that the installation stability of the structure is good. A plurality of samples are tested simultaneously, the samples are uniformly distributed and share one high-temperature furnace, the working efficiency and the heat utilization rate are improved in a multiplied way, the energy consumption is greatly reduced, the occupied area of equipment is reduced, and the economic benefit is improved.
As shown in fig. 1 and 17, according to the present invention, the temperature measuring system 4 includes a thermocouple 41 fixed on the surface of the sample, the thermocouple 41 converting the temperature into an electrical signal, and inputting the electrical signal to the measuring and control system 5; the deformation measuring system 6 comprises extensometers 61 clamped at the upper end and the lower end of the sample, displacement sensors 62 are arranged on the extensometers 61, and the displacement sensors 62 transmit signals to the measuring and controlling system 5.
The whole testing machine is controlled by a software system arranged in a control room, a sample loading and unloading working area is provided for workers in front and back, and a weight loading and unloading working area is provided for workers in left and right.
As shown in fig. 3, according to the present invention, when n=6, the upper cross plate 12 is 1.22m long and 0.8m wide, and the circumferential diameter of the stress point a is 0.41m. The panel 113 is 2.5m long and 0.8m wide.
The specific dimensions of the upper cross plate 12 and base 11 may vary depending on the specific number of loading systems N.
Further, as shown in fig. 22, the loading system 2 further includes a weight loading and unloading mechanism 25 provided in the base 11, the weight loading and unloading mechanism 25 includes a second elevating screw mechanism 251 mounted on a lower surface of the panel 113, a second screw 252 of the second elevating screw mechanism 251 is passed upward through the panel 113, and a second buffer 253 is mounted on an upper end thereof, and the second elevating screw mechanism 251 is driven by a motor. The weight loading and unloading mechanism 25 is a known technique in the art and is not described in detail herein.
In the test process, when a certain sample breaks, the rear end of the lever 211 rapidly descends at the weight supporting mechanism 212, the weight tray impacts the second buffer 253 with larger impact, and the impact and the vibration of the rack are reduced through the supporting and buffering effects of the second buffer 253.
According to the present invention, a third damper (not shown) is provided on the upper cross plate 12 immediately below the rear end of the lever 211 of the first lever loading mechanism 21 a. The third buffer may be a polyurethane buffer.
When a certain sample breaks, the end of the lever 21 is rapidly lowered by the weight gravity (loading force), but can be supported and buffered by the third buffer therebelow, so that the impact and vibration to the rack can be reduced.
When the circumference distributed high-flux durable creep testing machine is used, the method comprises the following steps:
starting a power supply, starting a high-temperature furnace lifting mechanism, raising the temperature to a proper position, adjusting a lower pull rod to a proper height, installing a plurality of samples in sequence from left to right, and then lowering the high-temperature furnace; the temperature of the high-temperature furnace is controlled to reach the test temperature, and the temperature in the furnace is ensured to be uniform and stable through an electrical control system, so that the heating conditions of a plurality of samples are ensured to be the same. Then, a constant test load is applied to each sample by a lever loading mechanism, and deformation or fracture of the sample is observed within a prescribed period of time.
The testing machine measures the temperature on the sample through the thermocouple, and the measuring and controlling system monitors and adjusts the temperature. During creep test, deformation of a sample is measured through an extensometer of a deformation measuring system, and a displacement sensor on the extensometer transmits signals to a measuring and controlling system.
After the test is completed, the power supply of the high-temperature furnace is turned off, the high-temperature furnace is lifted to a proper position, after the upper pull rod, the lower pull rod and the sample are cooled to the normal temperature, the weight is taken down, and the sample is detached.
The above description of the specific embodiments of the present invention has been given by way of example only, and the present invention is not limited to the above described specific embodiments. Any equivalent modifications and substitutions for this practical use will also occur to those skilled in the art, and are within the scope of the present invention. Accordingly, equivalent changes and modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope thereof.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a circumference distributing type high flux durable creep testing machine, includes the frame, sets up N sets of independent loading system and a set of heating device of sharing in the frame, the frame includes base and by the last diaphragm of base support, loading system includes lever loading mechanism, goes up pull rod mechanism, lower pull rod mechanism and lift leveling mechanism, go up pull rod mechanism and lower pull rod mechanism coaxial, install the sample between the two, its characterized in that:
the N sets of lever loading mechanisms consist of L sets of first lever loading mechanisms supported on the upper surface of the upper transverse plate and M sets of second lever loading mechanisms suspended on the lower surface of the upper transverse plate;
the stress points of the N sets of lever loading mechanisms are uniformly distributed circumferentially, and the corresponding N sets of upper pull rod mechanisms, lower pull rod mechanisms and N samples are uniformly distributed circumferentially;
the heating device comprises a cylindrical high-temperature furnace, and the N samples are circumferentially and uniformly distributed in the high-temperature furnace;
n, L and M are integers, wherein N is more than or equal to 2, L is more than or equal to 1, and M is more than or equal to 1.
2. The machine of claim 1, wherein N is greater than or equal to 3, L is greater than or equal to 2, M is greater than or equal to 1 or N is greater than or equal to 3, L is greater than or equal to 1, and M is greater than or equal to 2.
3. The machine of claim 1, wherein the base includes a base plate and a panel supported on the base plate; the lifting leveling mechanism comprises a first lifting screw rod mechanism and a shockproof mechanism, wherein:
the first lifting screw rod mechanism comprises a first screw rod which upwards penetrates through the panel, and a connecting plate is arranged on the first screw rod at the bottom of the panel;
the vibration prevention mechanism comprises two guide posts fixedly mounted at the bottom of the panel, the guide posts downwards penetrate through holes at two ends of the connecting plate and are sequentially connected with a linear bearing and a first buffer in series, the linear bearing is embedded in the through holes and is fixed with the bottom of the connecting plate, a limiting part is mounted on the guide post below the first buffer, and the linear bearing and the connecting plate move up and down along the guide posts.
4. A testing machine according to claim 3, wherein the lower ends of the guide posts extend downwardly to the floor.
5. A testing machine according to claim 3, wherein the lower end of the guide post extends downwardly through the floor and to the ground.
6. The machine of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the lever loading mechanism comprises a lever and a weight support mechanism mounted at a distal end of the lever, wherein:
the front end of the lever is internally provided with a lever supporting piece, the lever supporting piece is supported by a lever supporting block fixed on the upper surface or the lower surface of the upper transverse plate, the front end surface of the lever is provided with a balance screw rod, and the balance screw rod is provided with a balance weight;
the weight supporting mechanism comprises a connecting rod supporting seat, a connecting rod arranged at the lower end of the connecting rod supporting seat, and a weight tray arranged at the bottom end of the connecting rod, wherein weights are arranged on the weight tray.
7. The machine of claim 1, wherein the heating device comprises a high temperature furnace, a high temperature furnace lifting mechanism, and a positioning guide mechanism, wherein:
the high-temperature furnace lifting mechanism comprises a pair of steel wire ropes fixedly connected with the high-temperature furnace, two steel wire rope steering mechanisms fixed at the front end of the top of the upper transverse plate and two steel wire rope winding mechanisms at the rear end;
the positioning guide mechanism comprises a fixed seat fixed on the frame, guide rods fixed at the upper end and the lower end of the fixed seat, and guide seats fixed on the two side walls of the high-temperature furnace, and the guide seats are guided by the guide rods.
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| CN108489824B (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2024-02-13 | 上海凯尔孚应力腐蚀试验设备有限公司 | Multiaxial loading stress corrosion test equipment |
| CN109115615B (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2019-12-03 | 中国矿业大学 | Mining annular wire rope load-carrying properties test device and method |
| CN109187223A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-01-11 | 石家庄铁道大学 | Test the testing equipment and test method of Creep of Geosynthetics performance |
| CN111272573A (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2020-06-12 | 于重久 | Multi-head creep endurance testing machine |
| CN111272572A (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2020-06-12 | 于重久 | Multi-head tensile testing machine |
| CN112284920A (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2021-01-29 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Rock high-temperature compression test device and test method |
| CN113155868B (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2022-01-14 | 中国科学院近代物理研究所 | Online irradiation creep sample stage based on wafer sample ejection technology |
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