CN106756513A - A kind of spring steel for possessing low decarburization, high intensity and high-ductility performance - Google Patents
A kind of spring steel for possessing low decarburization, high intensity and high-ductility performance Download PDFInfo
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- CN106756513A CN106756513A CN201710027795.9A CN201710027795A CN106756513A CN 106756513 A CN106756513 A CN 106756513A CN 201710027795 A CN201710027795 A CN 201710027795A CN 106756513 A CN106756513 A CN 106756513A
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- spring steel
- decarburization
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/26—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with niobium or tantalum
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of spring steel for possessing low decarburization, high intensity and high-ductility performance, belong to thermal pressure processing purposes spring steel.Its chemical analysis and weight percent proportioning are：C0.42 0.52%, Si0.70 1.10%, Mn0.50 1.10%, Cr0.50 1.1%, V0.01 0.05%, Nb0.005 0.009%, P≤0.025%, S≤0.025%, ［ O ］ 5 ~ 25ppm, its balance of Fe and inevitable impurity.Described spring material has the technical performance of low decarburization, high intensity and high-ductility, and alloy content is low, it is the excellent material for manufacturing medium-heavy automobile big-wire diameter suspension helical spring, car suspension helical spring, automobile torsion bar spring and stabiliser bar are can also be used for, is also the excellent raw material of high strength spring steel wire and oil-temper spring steel wire.Present invention tool has been widely used, suitably in the industry cycle popularization and application.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to thermal pressure processing purposes spring steel, and in particular to a kind of high performance spring material and preparation side
Method.
Background technology
Medium-heavy automobile lightweight is the important trend of development of automobile, and lightweight will be largely used in light-weight design
Few flat spring.Therefore, high intensity, high-ductility, low decarburization and the requirement of low cost are proposed to spring material, to meet light weight
Change the high-performance and feasibility demand high of few leaf spring.
Existing spring material is difficult to meet the composite request of low decarburization, high intensity, high-ductility, low-alloy and low cost,
Can only meet in one aspect as far as possible.For example, 51CrV4 spring steel can meet the requirement of low decarburization, but it is unsatisfactory for high-strength
The requirement of degree and high-ductility.54SiCr6 has high intensity and high-ductility quality, but decarburization is serious.
Si is the important alloying element for improving spring material intensity, and aboundresources, use cost are low, but can increase steel
Decarburizing tendency and cause the formation of Fully decarburized layer, the beneficial effect of this raising intensity is with the harm for forming Fully decarburized layer simultaneously
In the presence of.So far, the Fully decarburized layer problem containing Si high-strength spring steels is difficult to properly settle.South Korea Pu spring steel（Chinese patent
94191328.7 disclosures) reduce Fully decarburized layer by adding Ni（Ferrite lamellae）Depth, " formation of decarburized layer deepness be subject to very
Big degree suppresses ", but Fully decarburized layer is solved the problems, such as by the method for this dilute noble alloy element of addition, necessarily cause material
Cost significantly lifted, therefore, it is difficult to receive.
Applicant is matched by experimental study and analysis for many years by adjusting component, can be produced spring material decarburization
Raw Fully decarburized layer is obtained the effect of low decarburization with this, and then solves spring material decarburization and produced in heated middle natural removal
Raw Fully decarburized layer problem.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide a kind of spring for possessing low decarburization, high intensity and high-ductility performance
Steel, by scientific and reasonable composition proportion, makes Fully decarburized layer produced by spring material decarburization in heated middle natural removal, with
The effect of low decarburization is obtained, so as to solve the problems, such as the Fully decarburized layer produced by spring material decarburization；Second of present invention solution
Technical problem is, by carbon formula in use, rationally to utilize composite alloying and dilute noble alloy element Microalloying Effect, while
The intensity and plasticity of material are improved, production cost is effectively reduced, scarce resource is protected.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is：One kind is provided and possesses low decarburization, high intensity and height
The spring steel of plastic property, it is characterised in that according to quality very than including following component：
C 0.42-0.52%；
Si 0.7-1.1%；
Mn 0.5-1.10%；
Cr 0.5-1.10%；
V 0.01-0.05%；
Nb 0.005-0.009%；
Wherein P≤0.025%, S≤0.025%, ［ O ］ 5-25ppm；
Its balance of Fe and inevitable impurity.
Spring steel of the present invention, it is characterised in that heat treatment step is comprised the technical steps that：Quenching temperature
900±10℃；390 ± 10 DEG C of temperature.
The present invention is matched by adjusting component, Fully decarburized layer produced by spring material decarburization middle is gone naturally heated
Remove, to obtain the effect of low decarburization, so as to solve the problems, such as the Fully decarburized layer produced by spring material decarburization.In technology structure as above
Under think of, the spring material that the present invention is provided solves the problems, such as that thermal pressure processes purposes high-strength spring material Fully decarburized layer.
The spring material is suitable to high temperature autoxidation process removal Fully decarburized layer.The component that high temperature autoxidation process passes through material
With the inoxidizability that proportioning selection reduces material, material is set easily to be oxidized at high operating temperatures and form oxide skin, so that work
Fully decarburized layer during skill produced by decarburization is oxidized to oxide skin simultaneously, thus eliminates naturally complete produced by decarburization
Decarburized layer, therefore the low decarburization effect without Fully decarburized layer is obtained, solve the Fully decarburized layer produced by the decarburizing tendency high of material
Problem.Oxide skin is the frangible unconsolidated material very low with material cohesion, can prevent further decarburization and shield.This
The spring material for providing is invented, with the notable technical advantage without Fully decarburized layer.
Spring material of the present invention, possesses high intensity, high-ductility and low-alloy performance, while solving Fully decarburized layer again
Problem.Core technology thinking of the invention be matched by middle carbon, composite alloying and dilute noble alloy element microalloying, fully
The beneficial effect of alloying element is played and strengthened, reduces the harm produced by alloying element, obtaining obvious technique effect
Under the premise of reduce alloying element content, not only reduce material cost and also be conducive to protect resource.Composite alloying (including it is compound
Microalloying) it is key technology feature of the invention, the performance and behavior that alloying element has are each constituent element (including micro units
Element) synergy result, rather than a certain alloying element it is simple, qualitatively act on or influence, especially in the strong of material
Degree is improved constantly but in the case of requiring high-ductility.For example, in phosphorous high-strength steel sheet, only adding micro phosphorus just to show
Write and improve armor plate strength.As can be seen here, micro- effect be can not ignore.
The spring material that the present invention is provided, in the case of with Si as intensified element, closes by the way that the microalloy of V and Nb is compound
The inoxidizability of aurification reduction material, and the low decarburization effect without Fully decarburized layer is obtained using the high-temperature oxydation effect in technical process
Really, and, while having the raising important function such as the strength of materials and crystal grain thinning.The spring material that the present invention is provided, in high temperature
The surfacing consumed in autoxidation seldom, the dimension precision requirement of spring is not influenceed.The adhesive force of oxide skin is very low, quenches
Come off naturally after fire.
Technical solution of the present invention is further described below：
The content for reducing carbon is unfavorable to improving intensity, and the content for improving carbon is unfavorable to improving plasticity, and easily causes hardening break.This
The C content of inventive technique scheme is 0.42-0.52%.Quenching structure is middle carbon martensite tissue, after average tempering for high intensity and
The secondary troostite tissue of high-ductility, also for quenching temperature is improved, is beneficial to the pressure processing of spring and solves complete
Decarburized layer problem.
Si is the alloying element for improving intensity, but increases decarburizing tendency, and with the effect of raising inoxidizability.In order to
Improve intensity and reduce inoxidizability and decarburizing tendency, Si contents are 0.70-1.1%.
The effect of Cr, Mn and mutual compound action are to improve intensity and quenching degree.The content of Cr, Mn is low not to reach technology
Effect；The efficiency that high content can reduce alloying element beneficial effect is unfavorable for material cost, and produces illeffects, such as under plasticity
Drop, reduction quenching temperature and hardening break etc..Therefore, Cr contents are that 0.50-1.10%, Mn content are 0.50-1.10%.
In the present invention, V and Nb must be added simultaneously, and the effect produced by this composite alloying is that single-element is difficult to
Reach.It is generally believed that V and Nb are strong carbide elements, selection V and Nb one or two, with improving intensity, improve anti-bullet
Property decay and crystal grain thinning effect.In the present invention, V and Nb can not replace mutually, be added simultaneously using the amount of microalloy, hair
Understand composite micro-alloyed spring material, its function and significance is：1）Reduce inoxidizability, improve quenching temperature；2）Ni and V
Carbide small and dispersed is uniformly distributed, and with obvious grain refining effect, improves grain coarsening temperature；3）Improve intensity and modeling
Toughness；4) 54SiCrV6 spring steel only contain a kind of strong carbide elements of V, V content at least more than 0.10%, and the present invention by
Being added while V and Nb makes V content to lack 0.05% level, only 1st/20th of 51CrV4 or 54SiCrV6 steel, this
It is the notable technique effect of V and Nb combined microalloyings.The composite alloying of the V and Nb that the present invention is used is achieved and is greatly reduced
The microalloying effect of dilute noble alloy constituent content.It is worth noting that, when considering that alloying element is matched, not only considering beneficial
Effect more to consider damaging effect.Binding experiment aggregation of data considers that V content of the invention is 0.01-0.03%, Nb contents
For 0.005-0.009% is most appropriate.
[O]（That is oxygen element）It is harmful element, reduce O] content can make the nonmetal inclusion of oxide type tiny, more
Dissipate and quantity reduction is favourable to improving the plasticity and toughness of material.Inventor prevents grain boundary fracture further study show that reducing [O]
Important function, to solving the problems, such as that Fully decarburized layer is favourable.Obviously, [O] is the key factor or technology in technical solution of the present invention
Feature, with other alloying elements are equal or even prior technology status and effect；But, too low [O] content is to metallurgy
Method and cost are unfavorable.Consider, ［ O ］ content of the invention is 5-25ppm.
S, P are harmful elements, reduce the plasticity and toughness of material.Therefore, S content≤0.025%, P content≤0.025%.
The present invention uses existing spring material metallurgical production process, is simply related to high temperature heat treatment step and condition
It is to match with the performance of the object of the formula and acquisition of spring material of the invention.
The preparation method step and condition of material of the present invention are as follows：At the outer ladle refining of dispensing, electric furnace smelting, stove and degasification
Reason, ingot casting or continuous casting, cogging, pickling, reconditioning, flaw detection, rolling；It is characterized in that, Technology for Heating Processing is：Quenching temperature
900 ± 10 DEG C, oil hardening；390 ± 10 DEG C of temperature.
It is of course also possible to from other metallurgical technologies, such as electroslag remelting.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1. spring material of the present invention, with low decarburization, high intensity, high-ductility, low-alloyed feature, disclosure satisfy that light weight
Change requirement of few flat spring material to low cost, high-performance and high reliability.
2. the technical performance of material of the present invention is：Fully decarburized layer depth=0mm, tensile strength 1750-1900MPa, section is received
Shrinkage 40-44%, alloy content is less than 51CrV4 or 54SiCrV6 spring steel.Particularly dilute noble alloy element, grain refining effect
Substantially, grain size number is higher than common spring steel, the 5-6 grades of grain size of such as 51CrV4 and 54SiCrV6.Create ultralow micro- conjunction
Golden composition method for designing, with prominent technical characterstic and significant technological progress.
3.51CrV4 and 54SiCrV6 are the thermal pressure processing purposes spring materials of advanced technology in the world.Table 1 is this hair
The spring material of bright offer is contrasted with the technical performance of 51CrV4 and 54SiCrV6 spring steel, it can be seen that the reality acquired by the present invention
The notable technique effect of matter and advanced technical merit.
The material of the present invention of table 1 is contrasted with existing spring material intensity, plasticity and decarburization
4. the spring material that the present invention is provided, is the high intensity and high-ductility spring material of a kind of thermal pressure processing purposes.Into
Divide and have unique technology feature on matching, refer to table 2.
The chemical analysis of table 2 contrasts (Wt%)
On common alloying elements, the present invention is suitable with 51CrV4 or 54SiCrV6 steel, but dilute noble alloy element is significantly lower than
51CrV4 or 54SiCrV6 steel.Calculated by price analogy, V and the Nb content of material of the present invention be substantially less than 51CrV4 or
54SiCrV6 steel V contents, achieve the significant technique effect of microalloy.It is the present invention with microalloying that dilute noble alloy is compound
Distinguishing feature, be significant technological progress for existing spring material technology.
5. in order to ensure the high intensity and high-ductility of spring, it is desirable to which spring material has certain quenching degree.Table 3 is this hair
The spring material of bright offer and the Hardenability Technique data of EN10089 grade of steel 54SiCrV6,51CrV4 and 52CrMoV4 spring steel
Contrast, by the visible material of the present invention of table have compared with high-hardenability, oil hardening diameter is up to 50mm.
Table 3
6. the spring material that the present invention is provided, solves the problems, such as that thermal pressure processes purposes high-strength spring steel Fully decarburized layer.The bullet
Spring material is suitable to high temperature autoxidation process, solves the problems, such as the Fully decarburized layer of decarburizing tendency spring material high, obtains without complete de-
The notable low decarburization technique effect of carbon-coating.It has been generally acknowledged that high-temperature oxydation is harmful, but the spring material that the present invention is provided, exactly
Industry insoluble Fully decarburized layer, this technology gram for a long time are solved the problems, such as using this oxidation in technical process
Take original technology prejudice and obtain significant technique effect.Compared with addition Ni suppresses the method for Fully decarburized layer, the present invention is carried
The spring material alloy content of confession is very low to be especially free of dilute noble alloy Ni, and material cost or economic advantages are notable.Table 2 and table 4
It is that the spring material that the present invention is provided solves the problems, such as that the technique effect of Fully decarburized layer is contrasted with the technical scheme of addition Ni, can sees
Go out the substantive and notable technique effect acquired by the present invention.
The decarburization of table 4 is contrasted
7. the spring material that the present invention is provided, the bearing spring for manufacturing medium-heavy automobile, it may also be used for car suspension spiral shell
Rotation spring, automobile torsion bar spring, stabiliser bar, taper-leaf spring of middle thickness etc., and the big-wire diameter suspension spiral that the present invention is provided
Spring material, is the excellent material of high strength spring steel wire and oil tempered spring steel wires, and tool has been widely used.The present invention
By lab scale, pilot scale, batch are manufactured experimently and produced, and acquirement is commercialized successfully, and implementation investment cost is low, and Practical Performance is good, suitably
In the industry cycle popularization and application.
Specific embodiment
A kind of spring steel for possessing low decarburization, high intensity and high-ductility performance of the present invention, very compares according to quality
Including following component：
C 0.42-0.52%；
Si 0.7-1.1%；
Mn 0.5-1.10%；
Cr 0.5-1.10%；
V 0.01-0.05%；
Nb 0.005-0.009%；
Wherein P≤0.025%, S≤0.025%, ［ O ］ 5-25ppm；
Its balance of Fe and inevitable impurity.
Specific embodiment is shown in Table 5.
Table 5
Its balance of Fe and inevitable impurity.
The metallurgical production process of spring steel material of the present invention is：By as above 1）Material composition (Wt%) dispensing, industry
The outer ladle refining of production electric furnace smelting, stove and degassing processing, molding, cogging, pickling, reconditioning, rolling.Hot rolling material：28x90mm is flat
Steel.
The property indices testing result that material is obtained in embodiment is as follows：
1. after testing, the Fully decarburized layer depth of material, grain size and nonmetal inclusion in embodiment（Metallographic method is checked）：
Fully decarburized layer depth=0mm, 8 grades of grain size.900 DEG C are incubated (under air condition), Fully decarburized layer depth=0mm, grain size 8
Level.
Nonmetal inclusion such as table 6 below.
Table 6
2. quenching degree
Jominy test (900 DEG C of austenitizing temperature), test data such as table 7 below：
Table 7
28mm thickness samples, 900 DEG C of oil hardening, subsurface hardness 58HRC, hardness HRC56.5 at 1/2R, centre hardness HRC56.
3. mechanical performance.
Diameter 10mm, 5 times of ratio standard specimens are tested by national standard.Technology for Heating Processing and mechanical performance (are shown in Table as follows
8)：
The mechanical performance of table 8
Proved by above-mentioned experimental data, spring material of the present invention, with low decarburization, high intensity, high-ductility, low-alloy
The characteristics of, disclosure satisfy that requirement of the few flat spring material of lightweight to low cost, high-performance and high reliability.By scientific and reasonable
Composition proportion, make the Fully decarburized layer produced by spring material decarburization in heated middle natural removal, to obtain the effect of low decarburization
Really, so as to solve the problems, such as the Fully decarburized layer produced by spring material decarburization.It is not only able to the suspension for manufacturing medium-heavy automobile
Spring, it may also be used for car suspension helical spring, automobile torsion bar spring, stabiliser bar, taper-leaf spring of middle thickness etc., and this hair
The big-wire diameter suspension helical spring material of bright offer, is the excellent material of high strength spring steel wire and oil tempered spring steel wires
Material, tool has been widely used, suitably in the industry cycle popularization and application.
It is pointed out that above-mentioned implementation method is only the preferred embodiment of the invention, it is common for the art
For technical staff, on the premise of operation principle of the present invention is met, any equivalent or similar replacement each falls within of the invention
In protection domain.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of spring steel for possessing low decarburization, high intensity and high-ductility performance, it is characterised in that according to quality very than bag
Include following component：
C 0.42-0.52%；
Si 0.7-1.1%；
Mn 0.5-1.10%；
Cr 0.5-1.10%；
V 0.01-0.05%；
Nb 0.005-0.009%；
Wherein P≤0.025%, S≤0.025%, ［ O ］ 5-25ppm；
Its balance of Fe and inevitable impurity.
2. a kind of spring steel for possessing low decarburization, high intensity and high-ductility performance according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Heat treatment step is comprised the technical steps that：900 ± 10 DEG C of quenching temperature；390 ± 10 DEG C of temperature.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710027795.9A CN106756513A (en) | 2017-01-16 | 2017-01-16 | A kind of spring steel for possessing low decarburization, high intensity and high-ductility performance |
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| CN201710027795.9A CN106756513A (en) | 2017-01-16 | 2017-01-16 | A kind of spring steel for possessing low decarburization, high intensity and high-ductility performance |
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ID=58945467
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107267864A (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2017-10-20 | 山东雷帕得汽车技术股份有限公司 | A kind of novel high-strength LPD50 spring steel |
| CN111164230A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2020-05-15 | 株式会社Posco | Wire rod and steel wire for spring having excellent corrosion and fatigue resistance, and method for producing same |
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| CN1118611A (en) * | 1993-12-29 | 1996-03-13 | 浦项综合制铁株式会社 | High strength high toughness spring steel, and manufacturing process therefor |
| CN1804090A (en) * | 2005-01-13 | 2006-07-19 | 孙心红 | Large-size thick variable section taper-leaf spring material |
| CN101619418A (en) * | 2008-07-03 | 2010-01-06 | 孙心红 | Big-wire diameter suspension helical spring material and preparation method thereof |
| WO2015037246A1 (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2015-03-19 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | Steel for spring, and method for producing spring |
| CN105483519A (en) * | 2009-05-15 | 2016-04-13 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | Kobe Steel Ltd,Shinko Metal Prod,Nhk Spring Co Ltd |
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2017
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1118611A (en) * | 1993-12-29 | 1996-03-13 | 浦项综合制铁株式会社 | High strength high toughness spring steel, and manufacturing process therefor |
| CN1804090A (en) * | 2005-01-13 | 2006-07-19 | 孙心红 | Large-size thick variable section taper-leaf spring material |
| CN101619418A (en) * | 2008-07-03 | 2010-01-06 | 孙心红 | Big-wire diameter suspension helical spring material and preparation method thereof |
| CN105483519A (en) * | 2009-05-15 | 2016-04-13 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | Kobe Steel Ltd,Shinko Metal Prod,Nhk Spring Co Ltd |
| WO2015037246A1 (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2015-03-19 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | Steel for spring, and method for producing spring |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107267864A (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2017-10-20 | 山东雷帕得汽车技术股份有限公司 | A kind of novel high-strength LPD50 spring steel |
| CN111164230A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2020-05-15 | 株式会社Posco | Wire rod and steel wire for spring having excellent corrosion and fatigue resistance, and method for producing same |
| US11761054B2 (en) | 2017-09-29 | 2023-09-19 | Posco Co., Ltd | Wire rod and steel wire for springs having excellent corrosion fatigue resistance properties, and method for producing same |
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Application publication date: 20170531 |
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