CN105821307B - A kind of steel of axle of motor train unit containing niobium, its production method and Technology for Heating Processing - Google Patents

A kind of steel of axle of motor train unit containing niobium, its production method and Technology for Heating Processing Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN105821307B
CN105821307B CN201610417011.9A CN201610417011A CN105821307B CN 105821307 B CN105821307 B CN 105821307B CN 201610417011 A CN201610417011 A CN 201610417011A CN 105821307 B CN105821307 B CN 105821307B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
steel
axle
axletree
unit containing
train unit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN201610417011.9A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN105821307A (en
Inventor
孙维
苏世怀
杜松林
高海潮
汪开忠
龚志翔
于文坛
谢世红
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Maanshan Iron and Steel Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Maanshan Iron and Steel Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Maanshan Iron and Steel Co Ltd filed Critical Maanshan Iron and Steel Co Ltd
Priority to CN201610417011.9A priority Critical patent/CN105821307B/en
Publication of CN105821307A publication Critical patent/CN105821307A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN105821307B publication Critical patent/CN105821307B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • C21D1/25—Hardening, combined with annealing between 300 degrees Celsius and 600 degrees Celsius, i.e. heat refining ("Vergüten")
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/004—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr and Ni
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/28—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for plain shafts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/08—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing nickel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/16—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/002—Bainite

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of steel of axle of motor train unit containing niobium, its production method and Technology for Heating Processing, by weight percentage including component C：0.24~0.30, Si：0.20~0.40, Mn：0.70~1.00, Cr：0.90~1.20, Ni：0.70~1.30, Mo：0.20~0.30, Cu：0.10~0.60, Zr：0.01~0.04, Nb：0.015~0.050, Ca：0.001~0.005, P≤0.010, S≤0.008, [N]：0.0040~0.0060, T [O]≤0.0015, Als：0.015~0.045, remaining is Fe and other inevitable impurity；The steel is organized as tempered sorbite+a small amount of lower bainite, wherein, axletree near surface tempered sorbite content is 100%, and tempered sorbite content is 80~90% at the radius of axletree 1/2；Its plasticity and toughness are substantially better than business steel, and its fatigue limit will be significantly higher than business steel, show good strength and toughness cooperation and excellent anti-fatigue performance.

Description

A kind of steel of axle of motor train unit containing niobium, its production method and Technology for Heating Processing
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of alloy steel, and in particular to for 750~900MPa of tensile strength, yield strength >= 600MPa、-40℃KV2>=150J, while require the EMU axles steel and its heat of excellent anti-fatigue performance Handling process.
Background technology
Axletree is to be related to one of safe most important motion and load bearing component in various vehicles.Due to axletree subject it is dynamic Load, stress is more complicated, such as bending load, torsional load, bending combined load, and by certain impact, particularly EMU axletree, its stress are increasingly complex.Therefore, EMU axletree under arms during may be because of tired Labor, bending, torsion or tensile stress etc. and be broken, wherein fatigue fracture is the universal fracture mode of high speed axletree.To be true The safe operation of vehicle is protected, EMU axletree must have enough reliability and fatigue safety coefficient.EMU Axletree material is one of key factor for determining axletree service life and reliability, therefore, is attached great importance to both at home and abroad to high quick-action The research and development of car group axles steel and the research of fatigue behaviour.
With the fast development of China Express Railway, the needs of axle of motor train unit are sharply increased, but at present still mainly according to Rely in import, therefore, there is an urgent need to develop the green wood of the high-strength and high ductility and long-fatigue life that are applied to China railways development characteristic Matter axle steel.In recent years, the research and development of antifatigue destruction axle steel have been carried out both at home and abroad.Such as Chinese patent application Antifatigue destruction axle steel in 201110417295.9, still using the high C content thinking of carbon axle steel in tradition, C content (0.42~0.45%) is higher, and this make it that the toughness of steel is poor, can not meet requirement of the axle of motor train unit to toughness, and antifatigue The limited extent of performance improvement is high.A kind of novel hollow axletree steel alloy in Chinese patent application 201210384581.4, Although carbon content is relatively low, there is preferable combination of strength and toughness, fatigue strength is still relatively low.The axle of motor train unit master introduced from Europe The steel alloy EA4T of modifier treatment is used, although giving chemical composition and mechanical property requirements, does not provide crucial heat Handling process parameter, it is often more important that the alloying element content of the influence quenching degree in steel is relatively low, causes the EMUs of big specification Tissue (existing does not allow existing ferrite) and performance (nearly center portion intensity, toughness and fatigue behaviour are relatively low) inside axletree is past Toward the requirement for being difficult to reach standard.These are restricted in actual applications, more crucially axle steel fatigue resistance The amplitude that can improve is limited, influences its popularization and application.
The content of the invention
For above technical problem, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of steel of axle of motor train unit containing niobium, its producer Method and Technology for Heating Processing, make 750~900MPa of its tensile strength, yield strength >=600MPa, -40 DEG C of KV2>=150J, simultaneously Require excellent anti-fatigue performance.Concrete technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of steel of axle of motor train unit containing niobium, by weight percentage including component C：0.24~0.30, Si：0.20~ 0.40, Mn：0.70~1.00, Cr：0.90~1.20, Ni：0.70~1.30, Mo：0.20~0.30, Cu：0.10~0.60, Zr：0.01~0.04, Nb：0.015~0.050, Ca：0.001~0.005, P≤0.010, S≤0.008, [N]：0.0040~ 0.0060, T [O]≤0.0015, Als：0.015~0.045, remaining is Fe and other inevitable impurity；The group of the steel Tempered sorbite+a small amount of lower bainite is woven to, wherein, axletree near surface tempered sorbite content is 100%, the radius of axletree 1/2 Locate tempered sorbite content 80~90%.
Further, by weight percentage including component C：0.29, Si：0.21, Mn：0.72, Cr：0.99, Ni：0.83, Mo：0.20, Cu：0.54, Zr：0.04, Nb：0.017, Ca：0.001, P：0.009, S：0.002, [N]：0.0044, T [O]： 0.0006, Als：0.015, remaining is Fe and other inevitable impurity.
Further, its vertical mixing coefficient reaches：Rm：750MPa~900MPa, ReLOr Rp0.2>=600MPa, A >= 18%, Z >=40%, -40 DEG C of impacts of collision absorb work(KV2≥150J；Fracture toughness KQValue >=120MPam1/2；Specimens Endurance limit under rotating bending RfL>=375MPa, the endurance limit under rotating bending R of notched specimenfE>=310MPa, notch sensitivity RfL/RfE≤1.15；The magnitude of interference is Fretting Fatigue Limit >=215MPa of 0.04mm samples；Salt air corrosion 14 circulates cycle sample Corrosion fatigue limit be >=275MPa；Or the autstenitic grain size of steel is more than or equal to 8.0 grades；Steel is organized as being tempered Sorbite+a small amount of lower bainite, wherein, axletree near surface tempered sorbite content is 100%, and rope is tempered at the radius of axletree 1/2 Family name's body content is about 80~90%.
The production method of the above-mentioned steel of axle of motor train unit containing niobium, comprises the following steps：
(1) electric arc furnaces or converter smelting；
(2) LF stoves refine；
(3) RH or VD vacuum outgas；
(4) continuous casting；
(5) heating strand stove heat；
(6) axle blank rolls；
(7) axle blank forges；
(8) blank axletree is rough turn；
(9) it is heat-treated；
(10) axletree outer circle finish turning is processed.
Further, step is further comprised between step (8) and (9)：The neat end face processing of axletree.
Further, normalizing+Tempering and Quenching is used in step (9).
Further, also comprise the following steps：
(11) axletree internal bore boring is processed；
(12) cylindricalo grinding；
(13) detect a flaw.
A kind of above-mentioned Heat-Treatment of Steel method of axle of motor train unit containing niobium, comprises the following steps：
A. normalizing：870~900 DEG C of temperature is heated to 50~100 DEG C/h of firing rate, in the temperature section heating and thermal insulation Between by 1.2~1.7min/mm calculate, air cooling；
B. quench：850~880 DEG C of temperature is heated to 50~100 DEG C/h of firing rate, in the temperature section heating and thermal insulation Between by 1.5~2.0min/mm calculate, water cooling；
C. it is tempered：620~680 DEG C of temperature is heated to 50~100 DEG C/h of firing rate, in the temperature section heating and thermal insulation Between by 2~2.5min/mm calculate, be then air-cooled to room temperature.
Further, in step a, firing rate is 80 DEG C/h, is heated to 900 DEG C, heating and thermal insulation time 300min.
Further, in step b, 880 DEG C of temperature, heating and thermal insulation time 270min, quick water cooling are heated to 80 DEG C/h； Underwater water-spraying rapid water is carried out to axletree by nozzle in quenching tank and is cooled to room temperature, cooling by water speed control is 1.5~2.5 ℃/s；In step c, 650 DEG C of temperature, heating and thermal insulation time 420min are heated to 80 DEG C/h.
Compared with currently available technology, it is excellent that the present invention has that intensity is high, anti-fatigue performance is excellent compared with prior art Point.More than 700MPa high intensity can be obtained, its plasticity and toughness are substantially better than business steel, and its fatigue limit will be significantly higher than business Industry steel, show good strength and toughness cooperation and excellent anti-fatigue performance.Wherein：Rm：750MPa~900MPa, ReLOr Rp0.2>=600MPa, A >=18%, Z >=40%, -40 DEG C of impacts of collision absorb work(KV2≥150J；Fracture toughness KQValue >= 120MPa·m1/2；The endurance limit under rotating bending R of SpecimensfL>=375MPa, the endurance limit under rotating bending of notched specimen RfE>=310MPa, notch sensitivity RfL/RfE≤1.15；The magnitude of interference is Fretting Fatigue Limit >=215MPa of 0.04mm samples；Salt The corrosion fatigue limit of the circulation cycle sample of mist corrosion 14 is >=275MPa；The autstenitic grain size of steel is more than or equal to 8.0 grades； Steel is organized as tempered sorbite after EMU axletree " normalizing+quenched (quenching+high tempering) " heat treatment+shellfish is descended on a small quantity Family name's body, wherein, axletree near surface tempered sorbite content is 100%, at the radius of axletree 1/2 tempered sorbite content about 80~ 90%.
Embodiment
The present invention will be described in detail below, and it is a kind of preferred embodiment in numerous embodiments of the present invention.
In a preferred embodiment, a kind of steel of axle of motor train unit containing niobium, by weight percentage including component C：0.24 ~0.30, Si：0.20~0.40, Mn：0.70~1.00, Cr：0.90~1.20, Ni：0.70~1.30, Mo：0.20~0.30, Cu：0.10~0.60, Zr：0.01~0.04, Nb：0.015~0.050, Ca：0.001~0.005, P≤0.010, S≤ 0.008, [N]：0.0040~0.0060, T [O]≤0.0015, Als：0.015~0.045, it is remaining for Fe and other inevitable Impurity；Steel is organized as tempered sorbite+a small amount of lower bainite, wherein, axletree near surface tempered sorbite content is 100%, Tempered sorbite content is 80~90% at the radius of axletree 1/2；Its vertical mixing coefficient reaches：Rm：750MPa~900MPa, ReL Or Rp0.2>=600MPa, A >=18%, Z >=40%, -40 DEG C of impacts of collision absorb work(KV2≥150J；Fracture toughness KQValue >= 120MPa·m1/2；The endurance limit under rotating bending R of SpecimensfL>=375MPa, the endurance limit under rotating bending of notched specimen RfE>=310MPa, notch sensitivity RfL/RfE≤1.15；The magnitude of interference is Fretting Fatigue Limit >=215MPa of 0.04mm samples；Salt The corrosion fatigue limit of the circulation cycle sample of mist corrosion 14 is >=275MPa；Or the autstenitic grain size of steel is more than or equal to 8.0 level.
The production method of the above-mentioned steel of axle of motor train unit containing niobium, comprises the following steps：Electric arc furnaces or converter smelting；LF stoves essence Refining；RH or VD vacuum outgas；Continuous casting；Heating strand stove heat；Axle blank rolls；Axle blank forges；Blank axletree is rough turn；Axletree Neat end face processing；Heat treatment；Axletree outer circle finish turning is processed；Axletree internal bore boring is processed；Cylindricalo grinding；Flaw detection.
Above-mentioned axle of motor train unit containing niobium Heat-Treatment of Steel method, comprises the following steps：A. normalizing：With firing rate 50~ 100 DEG C/h is heated to 870~900 DEG C of temperature, is calculated in the temperature section heating and thermal insulation time by 1.2~1.7min/mm, air cooling； B. quench：850~880 DEG C of temperature is heated to 50~100 DEG C/h of firing rate, 1.5 are pressed in the temperature section heating and thermal insulation time ~2.0min/mm is calculated, water cooling；C. it is tempered：620~680 DEG C of temperature is heated to 50~100 DEG C/h of firing rate, in the temperature The section heating and thermal insulation time is spent by 2~2.5min/mm calculating, is then air-cooled to room temperature.
In a further advantageous embodiment, following scheme can be used：(1) C in traditional carbon axle is suitably reduced Constituent content, improve the toughness and plasticity of steel；(2) Ni, Cu element are added into steel improves the quenching degree and corrosion resistance of steel, and adds Enter micro Zr, Nb, [N] element with crystal grain thinning, so as to improve the toughness of steel particularly low-temperature flexibility, and improve the intensity of steel Coordinate with toughness, improve the anti-fatigue performance of steel；(3) appropriate Ca elements are added, denaturation treatment is carried out to the field trash in steel, The strict content for controlling impurity element T [O], P, S etc. in steel simultaneously, further to improve the anti-fatigue performance of steel.The present invention's It is critical that optimizing components adjustment is organically combined with metallurgical quality control, while high intensity is obtained, obtain Obtain excellent antifatigue destructive characteristics and relatively low cost.
The specific chemical composition (weight %) of steel of the present invention is as follows：C：0.24~0.30, Si：0.20~0.40, Mn：0.70 ~1.00, Cr：0.90~1.20, Ni：0.70~1.30, Mo：0.20~0.30, Cu：0.10~0.60, Zr：0.01~0.04, Nb：0.015~0.050, Ca：0.001~0.005, P≤0.010, S≤0.008, [N]：0.0040~0.0060, T [O]≤ 0.0015, Als：0.015~0.045, remaining is Fe and other inevitable impurity.
The effect of above-mentioned each element and proportioning are according to as follows：
C：C element is necessary to axle steel obtains high intensity, hardness.C content in traditional axle steel is higher, such as mesh Carbon content in preceding lorry axle steel LZ50 is 0.50%.Although high C content is favourable to the intensity of steel, hardness etc., But it is totally unfavorable to the plasticity and toughness of steel, and make yield tensile ratio reduce, Decarburization Sensitivity increase, deteriorate steel anti-fatigue performance and Processing characteristics.Therefore the appropriate C content reduced in steel, is controlled below 0.30%.However, it is after quenching and high tempering High intensity and necessary fatigue behaviour needed for obtaining, C content must be more than 0.24%, thus C content preferably controls and is 0.24~0.30%.
Si：Si is deoxidant element main in steel, has very strong solution strengthening effect, but Si too high levels will make steel Plasticity and toughness decline, C activity increase, promote decarburization and graphitization tendency of the steel in rolling and heat treatment process, and Make smelting difficult and easily form field trash, deteriorate the anti-fatigue performance of steel.Therefore it is 0.20~0.40% to control Si contents.
Mn：Mn is the effective element of deoxidation and desulfurization, can also improve the quenching degree and intensity of steel, and content is less than 0.70% When, it is difficult to function as described above.But when quenching temper, Mn and P have strong grain boundary cosegregation tendency, promote temper brittleness, Deteriorate the toughness of steel, thus control Mn contents below 1.00%.
Cr：Cr can effectively improve the quenching degree and resistance to tempering of steel, to obtain required high intensity；Cr may be used also simultaneously C activity is reduced, the steel surface decarburizing tendency in heating, rolling and heat treatment process can be reduced, has utilization to obtain high resist Fatigue behaviour.But too high levels can deteriorate the toughness of steel, thus it is 0.90~1.20% to control Cr contents.
Ni：Ni can improve the quenching degree of steel, the toughness of corrosion resistance and guarantee steel at low temperature.In view of economy, control Ni contents are 0.80~1.30%.
Mo：Effects of the Mo in steel predominantly improves quenching degree, improves resistance to tempering and prevent temper brittleness.In addition, Mo The reasonable cooperation of element and Cr elements can make quenching degree and resistance to tempering be improved significantly.Mo contents are too low, and above-mentioned effect has Limit, Mo too high levels, then above-mentioned effect saturation, and improve the cost of steel.Therefore, it is 0.20~0.30% to control Mo contents.
Cu：Cu is similar to Ni in terms of solution strengthening, raising quenching degree.Meanwhile addition copper can also improve steel in steel Corrosion fatigue resistant performance, because tiny Cu precipitations have blocked the formation of the initial stage vein texture of fatigue, and copper separates out Thing has good plasticity, can hinder the extension of fatigue crack；In addition, Cu also improves, steel corrosion resistance acts on；So as to Improve the corrosion fatigue strength of steel.But Cu too high levels, steel easily cause hot-short in heating rolling or forging process.Synthesis is examined Consider, range-controllable system is 0.10~0.60%.
Zr：Adding a small amount of zirconium has degassing, purification and Grain refinement, is advantageous to improve the low temperature impact properties of steel and strong Degree, fatigue behaviour index.Consider, range-controllable system is 0.010~0.040%.
Nb：Nb is mainly shown as crystal grain refinement, precipitation strength and phase transformation strengthening to the Strengthening and Toughening effect of axle steel.Nb is in steel In to replace solute atoms presence, Nb atomic ratio iron atom sizes are big, the segregation easily on dislocation line, dislocation climb produced strong Effect of dragging, be suppressed Recrystallization nucleation, to recrystallization there is strong interception, improve tying again for austenite Brilliant temperature, so as to reach the purpose of fining austenite grains, crystal grain refinement can not only improve the obdurability of steel, and improve steel The cryogenic property of material.But its is expensive.Consider, Nb range-controllable system is 0.015%~0.050%.
Ca：Ca has the function that deoxidization desulfuration and to non-metallic inclusion denaturation treatment, so as to improve the toughness of steel and resist Fatigue behaviour.Ca contents do not have above-mentioned effect less than 0.001%, but content is more than 0.005%, then add it is extremely difficult, and It is mingled with object amount to increase.It is 0.001~0.005% thus to control Ca contents.
P：P can form microsegregation in solidification of molten steel, and then when austenitizing temperature heats, segregation in crystal boundary, makes steel Fragility significantly increase, so control P content below 0.012%.
S：Inevitable impurity in steel, form MnS and be mingled with and can deteriorate the toughness of steel and antifatigue in Grain Boundary Segregation Performance, thus its content is controlled below 0.008%.
[N]：In the presence of having V, Al, Nb, Ti etc. in steel, nitrogen can form carbonitride with them, can prevent austenite again Crystallization, crystal grain thinning improves the toughness of steel, and can improve the intensity of steel.As nitrogen content is higher, can exist with solid solution condition, from And deteriorate the toughness plasticity index of steel.Consider, range-controllable system is 0.0040~0.0060%.
T[O]：Oxygen forms various oxides in steel and is mingled with.It is easy at these oxide places of being mingled with the presence of stress Stress concentration is produced, causes the germinating of micro-crack, so as to deteriorate the mechanical property of steel particularly toughness and anti-fatigue performance.Cause This, must take measures to reduce its content as far as possible in metallurgical production.In view of economy, control its content 0.0015% with Under.
The axles steel technological process of production of EMU containing niobium of the invention is：Electric arc furnaces or converter smelting → LF stoves refining → RH or VD vacuum outgas → continuous casting → heating strand stove heat → axle blank rolling → axle blank forging → blank axletree is rough turn The neat end face processing → normalizing+Tempering and Quenching → axletree outer circle finish turning processing → axletree internal bore boring processing → peripheral milling of → axletree Cut → detect a flaw.
Crucial Technology for Heating Processing step of the invention is as follows：
(1) normalizing：By maximum gauge be 200mm, length up to 2200mm the axles steel of EMU containing niobium heat (add Thermal velocity is 50~100 DEG C/h) to 870~900 DEG C of temperature, in the temperature section heating and thermal insulation time based on 1.2~1.7min/mm Calculate, air cooling.Crystal grain has not only been refined after normalizing, and has improved the inhomogeneities of tissue, has been done for subsequent final heat treatment Good tissue prepares.
(2) quench：By maximum gauge be 200mm, length up to 2200mm the axles steel of EMU containing niobium heat (add Thermal velocity is 50~100 DEG C/h) to 850~880 DEG C of temperature, in the temperature section heating and thermal insulation time based on 1.5~2.0min/mm Calculate, then in quenching tank, carrying out the quick water cooling of underwater water-spraying to axletree by nozzle, (cooling velocity is controlled 1.5~2.5 DEG C/s) to room temperature.
(3) it is tempered：By maximum gauge be 200mm, length up to 2200mm the axles steel of EMU containing niobium heat (add Thermal velocity is 50~100 DEG C/h) to 620~680 DEG C of temperature, in the temperature section heating and thermal insulation time based on 2~2.5min/mm Calculate, be then air-cooled to room temperature.By tempering, the metallographic structure of uniform fine and closely woven tempered sorbite+a small amount of lower bainite can be obtained, from And good toughness plasticity and suitable intensity index can be obtained.
Using the EMU containing niobium of the chemical composition of the present invention, technological process and the production of Technology for Heating Processing technological parameter Axles steel, the vertical mixing coefficient for determining steel can reach：Rm：750MPa~900MPa, ReL or Rp0.2 >=600MPa, A >=18%, Z >=40%, -40 DEG C of impacts of collision absorb work(KV2 >=150J；Fracture toughness KQ values >=120MPam1/2；Smooth examination Endurance limit under rotating bending RfL >=375MPa of sample, endurance limit under rotating bending RfE >=310MPa of notched specimen, breach are quick Perceptual RfL/RfE≤1.15；The magnitude of interference is Fretting Fatigue Limit >=215MPa of 0.04mm samples；Salt air corrosion 14 circulates cycle The corrosion fatigue limit of sample is >=275MPa；The autstenitic grain size of steel is more than or equal to 8.0 grades；EMU axletree Steel is organized as tempered sorbite+a small amount of lower bainite after " normalizing+quenched (quenching+high tempering) " heat treatment, wherein, axletree Near surface tempered sorbite content is 100%, and tempered sorbite content is about 80~90% at the radius of axletree 1/2.
In a further advantageous embodiment：The axles steel technological process of production of EMU containing niobium is：Electric arc furnaces turns Stove smelting → LF stoves refining → RH or VD vacuum outgas → continuous casting → heating strand stove heat → axle blank rolling → axle blank forging Make → blank axletree is rough turn → the neat end face processing → normalizing of axletree+cylindrical essence of quenched (quenching+high tempering) heat treatment → axletree Vehicle Processing → axletree internal bore boring processing → cylindricalo grinding → flaw detection.
The melting chemical composition of the axles steel of EMU containing niobium of the invention, main heat treatment process parameter and performance Embodiment is as follows：
Technology for Heating Processing step and parameter are：
(1) normalizing：900 DEG C of temperature, heating and thermal insulation time 300min, air cooling are heated to 80 DEG C/h.
(2) quench：880 DEG C of temperature, heating and thermal insulation time 270min, quick water cooling (cooling velocity are heated to 80 DEG C/h Control is in 1.5~2.5 DEG C/s).
(3) it is tempered：650 DEG C of temperature, heating and thermal insulation time 420min, air cooling are heated to 80 DEG C/h.
Maximum gauge is Φ 200mm, length reaches the melting chemical composition mass percent of 2200mm EMU axletrees (wt%) 1 is shown in Table, the performance indications after EMU axletree is heat-treated more than are shown in Table 2.
The melting chemical composition mass percent (wt%) of the EMU axletree steel of table 1
Performance indications after the heat treatment of the EMU axletree of table 2
Performance indications after the heat treatment of the EMU axletree of continued 2
The present invention is exemplarily described above, it is clear that present invention specific implementation is not subject to the restrictions described above, As long as employing the various improvement of inventive concept and technical scheme of the present invention progress, or not improved directly apply to other fields Close, within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of steel of axle of motor train unit containing niobium, it is characterised in that by weight percentage including component C：0.24~0.29, Si： 0.21~0.35, Mn：0.72~0.97, Cr：0.99~1.11, Ni：0.83~1.28, Mo：0.20~0.30, Cu：0.13~ 0.54, Zr：0.01~0.04, Nb：0.017~0.041, Ca：0.001~0.003, P：0.003~0.009, S：0.001~ 0.002, [N]：0.0044~0.0057, T [O]：0.0006~0.0012, Als：0.015~0.037, it is remaining for Fe and it is other not Evitable impurity；The steel is organized as tempered sorbite+a small amount of lower bainite, wherein, axletree near surface tempered sorbite Content is 100%, and tempered sorbite content is 80~90% at the radius of axletree 1/2.
2. the steel of axle of motor train unit containing niobium as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that by weight percentage including component C： 0.29, Si：0.21, Mn：0.72, Cr：0.99, Ni：0.83, Mo：0.20, Cu：0.54, Zr：0.04, Nb：0.017, Ca： 0.001, P：0.009, S：0.002, [N]：0.0044, T [O]：0.0006, Als：0.015, it is remaining for Fe and other inevitable Impurity.
3. a kind of production method of the steel of axle of motor train unit containing niobium as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that including as follows Step：
(1) electric arc furnaces or converter smelting；
(2) LF stoves refine；
(3) RH or VD vacuum outgas；
(4) continuous casting；
(5) heating strand stove heat；
(6) axle blank rolls；
(7) axle blank forges；
(8) blank axletree is rough turn；
(9) it is heat-treated；
(10) axletree outer circle finish turning is processed.
4. the production method of the steel of axle of motor train unit containing niobium as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that between step (8) and (9) Further comprise step：The neat end face processing of axletree.
5. the production method of the steel of axle of motor train unit containing niobium as described in claim 3 or 4, it is characterised in that used in step (9) Normalizing+Tempering and Quenching.
6. the production method of the steel of axle of motor train unit containing niobium as described in claim 3 or 4, it is characterised in that also include following step Suddenly：
(11) axletree internal bore boring is processed；
(12) cylindricalo grinding；
(13) detect a flaw.
A kind of 7. Heat-Treatment of Steel method of axle of motor train unit containing niobium as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that including such as Lower step：
A. normalizing：870~900 DEG C of temperature is heated to 50~100 DEG C/h of firing rate, pressed in the temperature section heating and thermal insulation time 1.2~1.7min/mm is calculated, air cooling；
B. quench：850~880 DEG C of temperature is heated to 50~100 DEG C/h of firing rate, pressed in the temperature section heating and thermal insulation time 1.5~2.0min/mm is calculated, water cooling；
C. it is tempered：620~680 DEG C of temperature is heated to 50~100 DEG C/h of firing rate, pressed in the temperature section heating and thermal insulation time 2~2.5min/mm is calculated, and is then air-cooled to room temperature.
8. the Heat-Treatment of Steel method of axle of motor train unit containing niobium as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that in step a, heating speed Spend for 80 DEG C/h, be heated to 900 DEG C, heating and thermal insulation time 300min.
9. the Heat-Treatment of Steel method of axle of motor train unit containing niobium as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that in step b, with 80 DEG C/h is heated to 880 DEG C of temperature, heating and thermal insulation time 270min, quick water cooling；Axletree is carried out by nozzle in quenching tank Underwater water-spraying rapid water is cooled to room temperature, and cooling by water speed control is in 1.5~2.5 DEG C/s；In step c, it is heated to 80 DEG C/h 650 DEG C of temperature, heating and thermal insulation time 420min.
CN201610417011.9A 2016-06-07 2016-06-07 A kind of steel of axle of motor train unit containing niobium, its production method and Technology for Heating Processing Active CN105821307B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201610417011.9A CN105821307B (en) 2016-06-07 2016-06-07 A kind of steel of axle of motor train unit containing niobium, its production method and Technology for Heating Processing

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201610417011.9A CN105821307B (en) 2016-06-07 2016-06-07 A kind of steel of axle of motor train unit containing niobium, its production method and Technology for Heating Processing

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN105821307A CN105821307A (en) 2016-08-03
CN105821307B true CN105821307B (en) 2018-04-03

Family

ID=56532834

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201610417011.9A Active CN105821307B (en) 2016-06-07 2016-06-07 A kind of steel of axle of motor train unit containing niobium, its production method and Technology for Heating Processing

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN105821307B (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107254624B (en) * 2017-06-01 2019-03-19 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 A kind of above Big sized gear steel of diameter 90mm and its production method
CN107988565B (en) * 2017-11-28 2019-09-27 钢铁研究总院 A kind of high toughness high hardenability high speed axle steel and its heat treatment method
CN107988553B (en) * 2017-11-28 2019-08-23 钢铁研究总院 A kind of high tenacity high speed axles steel and its heat treatment method
CN111270168A (en) * 2020-03-24 2020-06-12 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 Niobium-containing axle for urban rail subway and heat treatment process thereof
PE20231132A1 (en) * 2020-07-14 2023-07-19 Acoforja Ind De Forjados S/A SHAFTS FOR MILLS

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102758147A (en) * 2012-08-01 2012-10-31 清华大学 Axle material and application thereof in high-speed railway carriage
CN104294173A (en) * 2014-10-11 2015-01-21 马钢(集团)控股有限公司 Niobium-containing steel for high-speed train axle
CN104372155A (en) * 2014-10-11 2015-02-25 马钢(集团)控股有限公司 Heat treatment process of high-speed train axle containing niobium

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9869009B2 (en) * 2013-11-15 2018-01-16 Gregory Vartanov High strength low alloy steel and method of manufacturing

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102758147A (en) * 2012-08-01 2012-10-31 清华大学 Axle material and application thereof in high-speed railway carriage
CN104294173A (en) * 2014-10-11 2015-01-21 马钢(集团)控股有限公司 Niobium-containing steel for high-speed train axle
CN104372155A (en) * 2014-10-11 2015-02-25 马钢(集团)控股有限公司 Heat treatment process of high-speed train axle containing niobium

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN105821307A (en) 2016-08-03

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN105886904B (en) A kind of steel of axle of motor train unit containing vanadium, its production method and Technology for Heating Processing
CN105821307B (en) A kind of steel of axle of motor train unit containing niobium, its production method and Technology for Heating Processing
CN105838988B (en) The steel of axle of motor train unit containing niobium and its heat treatment process
CN104233109B (en) Heat-treating process of high-speed train axle containing niobium and titanium
CN105821194B (en) The axle of motor train unit steel heat treatment process of titanium containing niobium
CN111286670B (en) Medium-carbon non-quenched and tempered steel and preparation process thereof, and connecting rod and preparation process thereof
CN105951000B (en) A kind of axle of motor train unit steel of niobium containing vanadium and its heat treatment process
CN103469091A (en) Large size rolled steel integral wheel used for railway vehicle and production method thereof
CN104372155B (en) A kind of Technology for Heating Processing of the axletree of bullet train containing niobium
CN107937807A (en) 770MPa grades of low-welding crack-sensitive pressure vessel steels and its manufacture method
CN105441788B (en) Containing 12.9 grades of track traffic Mobile Equipment steel for fastener of vanadium and its Technology for Heating Processing
CN105886940B (en) A kind of steel of axle of motor train unit containing vanadium and its heat treatment process
CN105861789B (en) A kind of axle of motor train unit steel heat treatment process of niobium containing vanadium
CN112899572A (en) High-performance QGLZ-X steel for non-quenched and tempered plastic machine tie bar and production method thereof
CN105821304B (en) A kind of axle of motor train unit steel of titanium containing niobium and its heat treatment process
WO2024088056A1 (en) Tmcp-produced low-cost q550d steel and production method therefor
CN111270168A (en) Niobium-containing axle for urban rail subway and heat treatment process thereof
CN105821306B (en) A kind of axle of motor train unit steel of titanium containing vanadium and its Technology for Heating Processing
CN105821308A (en) Heat processing technology for vanadium and niobium-containing steel for motor train unit axle
CN105838989B (en) A kind of steel heat treatment process of axle of motor train unit containing niobium
CN114231703B (en) Production method of high-strength simplified annealed cold heading steel
CN114277310B (en) anti-H 2 S-corrosion oil casing and manufacturing method thereof
CN105821305B (en) A kind of axle of motor train unit steel heat treatment process of titanium containing niobium
CN105838868B (en) A kind of axle of motor train unit steel heat treatment process of titanium containing vanadium
CN105861788B (en) A kind of axle of motor train unit steel heat treatment process of titanium containing vanadium

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
CB02 Change of applicant information

Address after: 243003 Department of intellectual property right of Hunan West Road No. 8 technology center, Ma'anshan City, Anhui Province

Applicant after: Ma'anshan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd.

Address before: 243003 Hunan Anhui West Road, No. 8 technology center, Intellectual Property Department

Applicant before: Ma'anshan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd.

CB02 Change of applicant information
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant
CP02 Change in the address of a patent holder

Address after: 243003 8 Jiuhua Road, Yushan, Ma'anshan, Anhui

Patentee after: Ma'anshan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd.

Address before: 243003 intellectual property department, technology center, No. 8 Hunan West Road, Yushan, Ma'anshan, Anhui

Patentee before: Ma'anshan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd.

CP02 Change in the address of a patent holder