CN106748517B - Function-enhanced granular composite soil conditioner - Google Patents
Function-enhanced granular composite soil conditioner Download PDFInfo
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- CN106748517B CN106748517B CN201710011061.1A CN201710011061A CN106748517B CN 106748517 B CN106748517 B CN 106748517B CN 201710011061 A CN201710011061 A CN 201710011061A CN 106748517 B CN106748517 B CN 106748517B
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- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
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Abstract
The invention discloses a function-enhanced granular composite soil conditioner. The bitter soil and the phosphogypsum are used as main raw materials, medium elements such as magnesium, sulfur, calcium and the like necessary for the growth of crops, trace elements such as zinc, boron, manganese, molybdenum and the like, and organic matter nutrient components such as amino acid, humic acid and the like are added, and the raw materials are uniformly mixed, granulated and dried to obtain the product. The invention effectively improves the utilization rate of the phosphogypsum and has obvious economic benefit. The bitter soil is used for neutralizing the acidity of the phosphogypsum, so that the use limitation and harm of the acidity to crops and soil are eliminated, the granulation performance of the phosphogypsum is obviously improved, and the granulation balling rate and the granule compressive strength are improved. Meanwhile, the important medium element magnesium is provided, and four advantages are achieved at one time. The final product has comprehensive and loose nutrients and soil conditioning effect, and is favorable for breeding of earthworm and other organisms and microorganisms. Can be directly applied, is convenient and flexible, clean and environment-friendly, has simple and convenient production process and low cost of raw materials, and is easy for large-scale production and mechanized large-area application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of phosphogypsum utilization and soil conditioner production, and particularly relates to a function-enhanced granular composite soil conditioner rich in medium-trace elements, amino acids, humic acid and other organic matter nutrients, which is prepared by taking magnesia and phosphogypsum as main raw materials.
Background
The fertilizer application amount per unit planting area in China is listed as the first in the world. The problems of soil pH value and physicochemical properties change, soil hardening, permeability reduction, nutrient absorption rate reduction of crops, yield reduction and the like caused by long-term and large-scale application of chemical fertilizers. The soil conditioner can relieve and improve soil properties to a certain extent, and can increase yield and income to a certain extent under the same conditions.
At present, common agricultural soil conditioners are mainly divided into: organic type, organic-inorganic hybrid type, inorganic type, and the like. Except for natural organic matters such as humus soil, peat, turf and the like and byproduct inorganic matters such as powdery phosphogypsum and the like, the other soil conditioners are mostly artificial, the yield is low, the process is long, the cost is high, and the large-scale production is difficult to realize. The organic or inorganic soil conditioners generally only contain a small amount of organic nitrogen and/or a smaller amount of phosphorus and potassium nutrients, so that the organic or inorganic soil conditioners can provide less crop nutrient components and lower content, and the effect of the products is basically limited to conditioning soil.
The soil in China is generally lack of sulfur, and as high-concentration phosphorus compound fertilizers with low sulfur content are used and popularized in nearly two decades, the problem of sulfur deficiency in the soil in China is increasingly prominent, and the problem of calcium deficiency in part of the soil also occurs. The method for adding elemental sulfur and supplementing medium-amount elemental sulfur in the production process of high-concentration phosphorus compound fertilizer, which is commonly applied at home and abroad, has the problems of production safety and technology, the problem that the absorption and utilization rate of elemental sulfur by crops is far lower than that of sulfur in a sulfate radical form, and the cost of raw materials for adding elemental sulfur is higher.
Magnesium is an important component of chlorophyll molecules, is a medium element with important synergistic effect with phosphorus, and boron, zinc, manganese, molybdenum and the like are important trace elements necessary for the growth and development of crops.
The phosphogypsum contains more medium elements of sulfur and calcium, has a loose characteristic similar to that of fine sand, is an inorganic soil loose modifying agent containing sulfur and calcium and having a certain effect, contains free acid, is acidic (the pH value is generally 2-4), is generally only suitable for alkaline soil, is fine crystalline powder, is inconvenient to transport, store and use, is high in application cost, and is very easy to generate more dust in the circulation and application processes, so that dust pollution and health hazards are brought. And the problem that the powder product can not be applied mechanically and in a large area exists.
The loose property of the phosphogypsum determines the problems of difficult granulation, low compression strength of granules, easy crushing, pulverization and the like of the phosphogypsum, and on the other hand, the phosphogypsum has single component and nutrient and less use effect, and increases more cost when being specially granulated, thus being uneconomical. Due to the lack of better utilization technology and products, most of phosphogypsum which is a byproduct in the phosphorus chemical industry is piled in a large amount in a wet slag discharging dam or a dry slag dump, so that the problems of safety risk and the like exist.
At present, the prior art and the method do not overcome and solve the problems well.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a function-strengthened granular composite soil conditioner which is prepared by taking magnesia and phosphogypsum as main raw materials and contains rich medium and trace elements, amino acid, humic acid and other organic matter nutrient components, aiming at overcoming the defects of the prior art, and better exerting the functions and effects of the product.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
All percentages used in the present invention are mass percentages unless otherwise indicated.
A function-enhanced granular composite soil conditioner is characterized in that: weighing 10-90 parts of phosphogypsum, 1-20 parts of bitter earth, 0.02-3.0 parts of boron oxide or salt, 0.02-3.0 parts of zinc oxide or salt, 0.02-3.0 parts of manganese oxide or salt, 0.02-3.0 parts of molybdenum oxide or salt and 0.6-20.0 parts of amino acid raw powder according to parts by mass, uniformly mixing the raw materials, and performing extrusion granulation (including screw granulation and single-shaft and double-shaft double-roller granulation) to obtain a product; or adopting a rotary drum and disc process to granulate, and then drying, cooling and screening to obtain the product.
The preferable raw material ratio is as follows: 70-90 parts of phosphogypsum, 2-7 parts of bitter soil, 0.13-0.67 part of boron oxide or salt, 0.064-1.2 parts of zinc oxide or salt, 0.067-1.3 parts of manganese oxide or salt, 0.08-0.31 part of molybdenum oxide or salt and 0.6-6 parts of amino acid raw powder.
Furthermore, 0.6-20.0 parts of humic acid or humate is added into the raw materials.
When the proportion of the bitter soil in the raw material is less than 2 parts, 0.1-1.0 part of binder is added.
The binder is preferably building glue, white latex or water glass.
When the extrusion granulation (including screw granulation and single-shaft and double-shaft double-roller granulation) process granulation is adopted, the binder is directly added into the raw materials and mixed evenly; when the rotary drum and disc process is adopted for granulation, the binder is added into the granulation liquid.
The phosphogypsum is discharged by a filter for producing wet-process phosphoric acid and is obtained without drying (or can be dried).
The raw material mixing apparatus is preferably a twin-shaft mixer, a screw mixer or a tank-type stirring mixer.
The granulation apparatus is preferably a disk granulator, a drum granulator, or an extrusion granulator (including a screw granulator and a single-shaft, double-shaft and double-roller granulator).
The drying apparatus is preferably a tumble dryer or a fluidized bed dryer.
The cooling device is preferably a rotary drum cooler or a fluidized bed cooler.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the acidity of the phosphogypsum is neutralized by using the alkalinity of the low-price magnesia, so that the use limitation and harm to crops and soil when the acidic phosphogypsum is used are eliminated; meanwhile, the bitter soil (magnesium oxide) is used as a binder with better performance, so that the granulation performance of the phosphogypsum is obviously improved, the pelletizing efficiency and the granulator capacity of granulation are greatly improved, and the production cost is reduced; meanwhile, the compression strength of the particles of the product is obviously improved, and the problems of pulverization and caking of the granular product in the processes of storage and transportation are prevented. The problems that the traditional and common soil conditioners such as the powdery phosphogypsum, the humus soil, the peat, the turf and the like have single nutrient content and function, are easy to generate dust pollution in storage, transportation and use, are inconvenient to apply, cannot realize mechanized large-area application and the like are solved. Moreover, the bitter soil (magnesium oxide) also provides a very important medium nutrient element magnesium which is necessary for the growth of crops, and the magnesium is obtained at one stroke.
(2) The obtained function-enhanced granular composite soil conditioner has the effects of loosening and conditioning soil, is rich in medium elements such as magnesium, sulfur and calcium, and trace elements such as zinc, boron, manganese and molybdenum, has comprehensive nutrient components, contains amino acid and/or humic acid and other organic matter nutrients, is beneficial to further improving the physical properties of the soil, is beneficial to breeding of beneficial organisms and microorganisms such as earthworms in the soil, forms a good synergistic effect, realizes comprehensive enhancement and upgrading of the nutrient components and functions of the soil conditioner, and remarkably improves the performance and cost performance of products.
(3) The production raw materials are low in price, the production process is simple and practical, large-scale production is easy to realize, the production cost is low, and economic benefits are good.
(4) The product has comprehensive functions and crop nutrition, obviously expands and improves the product performance, can be directly used as a soil conditioner and a medium-trace element fertilizer, and has more convenience and flexibility. Moreover, the application of the phosphogypsum can convert a large amount of stacked phosphogypsum which is a byproduct of wet-process phosphoric acid and cannot be well utilized into a large amount of functional strengthening granular composite soil conditioner products with excellent performance, and the phosphogypsum is a good way for economic and effective utilization of the phosphogypsum.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a process flow of granulation by using a drum and a disc according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the process flow of granulation by screw and single-shaft, double-shaft and double-roller extrusion of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, which are not intended to limit the technical scope of the present invention. All changes that can be made based on the teachings of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in figure 1, 90.0 parts of phosphogypsum, 7.0 parts of bitter soil, 0.67 part of boron oxide, 1.2 parts of zinc oxide and manganese oxide: 1.3 parts of molybdenum oxide, 0.31 part of amino acid raw powder, 6.0 parts of humic acid and 10.0 parts of humic acid, which are fully and uniformly mixed in a spiral mixer, sent into a disc granulator, added with a proper amount of process water for granulation, sent into a rotary dryer for drying, sent into a rotary cooler for cooling, and finally screened, metered and packaged to obtain the product.
The soil conditioner produced by the method contains the following components in mass percentage:
s11.56%; 14.97 percent of Ca; 3.12 percent of Mg; 0.17 percent of B; 0.80 percent of Zn; 0.83 percent of Mn; mo0.17%; 1.65% of amino acid; 4.29 percent of humic acid.
The average compression strength of the particles is 38N; 2.3 percent of water; pH 9.6
The product produced by the embodiment has round and uniform particles, the average compressive strength of the particles reaches 38N, the particles are not easy to break or pulverize in the processes of transportation and large-area mechanized application, and the requirements of transportation and large-area mechanized application are met.
The product has appropriate content of medium and trace elements, and can be applied to acidic or weakly acidic soil independently.
The yield of the product produced in the embodiment is increased by 23% compared with the product produced by only applying the powder and single phosphogypsum with the same quantity when a potato field cultivation test is carried out; under the conditions of applying the same N, P, K mixture ratio, the same N, P, K total nutrient content and the same amount of compound fertilizer per mu, the yield can be increased by 35 percent when 50 kilograms of the product is applied per mu.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2, example 1 is repeated, and 80.0 parts of phosphogypsum, 5.0 parts of bitter earth, 0.26 part of boron oxide, 0.13 part of zinc oxide, manganese oxide: 0.13 part of molybdenum oxide, 0.15 part of amino acid raw powder, 5.0 parts of humic acid and a proper amount of process water are added, fully and uniformly mixed in a double-shaft mixer, and then the mixture is sent into an extrusion granulator (screw granulator) for granulation, metering and packaging to obtain the product.
The soil conditioner produced by the method contains the following components in mass percentage:
12.03 percent of S; 15.41 percent of Ca; mg 2.58%; 0.077 percent of B; 0.10 percent of Zn; mn 0.097%; mo0.098%; 1.60% of amino acid; 4.97 percent of humic acid.
The average compression strength of the particles is 35N; 2.4 percent of water; pH 8.7
The product has appropriate content of medium and trace elements, and can be applied to acidic or weakly acidic soil independently.
The product produced by the embodiment has round and uniform particles, the average compressive strength of the particles reaches 35N, the particles are not easy to break or pulverize in the processes of transportation and large-area mechanized application, and the requirements of transportation and large-area mechanized application are met.
The yield of the product produced in the embodiment is increased by 24% compared with the yield of the product produced by only applying the powder and single phosphogypsum with the same quantity when a rice field cultivation test is carried out; under the conditions of applying the same N, P, K mixture ratio, the same N, P, K total nutrient content and the same amount of compound fertilizer per mu, the yield can be increased by 35 percent when 50 kilograms of the product is applied per mu.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 1, example 1 was repeated with the following differences: weighing 70.0 parts of phosphogypsum, 2.0 parts of bitter soil, 0.064 part of zinc oxide and manganese oxide: 0.067 part, 0.13 part of boron oxide, 0.08 part of molybdenum oxide, 3.0 parts of amino acid raw powder and 10.0 parts of humic acid, the raw materials are fully and uniformly mixed in a tank type stirring mixer, the mixture is sent into a rotary drum granulator, a proper amount of process water (0.1 part of water glass is brought in by the process water) is added for granulation, the mixture is sent into a fluidized bed dryer for drying, the mixture is sent into a rotary drum cooler for cooling, and finally the product is obtained after screening, metering and packaging.
The soil conditioner produced by the method contains the following components in mass percentage:
12.35 percent of S; 15.98 percent of Ca; 1.22 percent of Mg; 0.059% of Zn; 0.59 percent of Mn; b0.046%; mo0.061%; 1.13% of amino acid; 5.88 percent of humic acid.
The average compression strength of the particles is 33N; 2.3 percent of water; the pH was 6.7.
The product has appropriate content of medium and trace elements, and can be applied to neutral or various soils independently in appropriate amount.
The product produced by the embodiment has round and uniform particles, the average compressive strength of the particles reaches 33N, the particles are not easy to break or pulverize in the processes of transportation and large-area mechanized application, and the requirements of transportation and large-area mechanized application are met.
The yield of the product produced in the embodiment is increased by 21% compared with the product produced by only applying the powder and single phosphogypsum with the same quantity when a potato field cultivation test is carried out; under the conditions of applying the same N, P, K mixture ratio, the same N, P, K total nutrient content and the same amount of compound fertilizer per mu, the yield can be increased by 34 percent when 70 kilograms of the product are applied per mu.
Example 4
As shown in fig. 1, example 1 is repeated, and 90.0 parts of phosphogypsum, 20.0 parts of bitter soil, 2.0 parts of boron oxide, 2.0 parts of zinc oxide and manganese oxide are weighed: 2.0 parts of molybdenum oxide, 20.0 parts of amino acid raw powder and 20 parts of humic acid, which are fully and uniformly mixed in a spiral mixer, sent into a disc granulator, added with a proper amount of process water for granulation, sent into a rotary drum drier for drying, sent into a rotary drum cooler for cooling, and finally screened, metered and packaged to obtain the product.
The soil conditioner produced by the method contains the following components in mass percentage:
s8.43 percent; 10.91 percent of Ca; 6.50 percent of Mg; 0.98 percent of Zn; 0.93 percent of Mn; 0.37 percent of B; mo is 0.81 percent; 4.0% of amino acid; 6.25 percent of humic acid.
The average compression strength of the particles is 40N; and 2.4 percent of water.
The product produced by the embodiment has round and uniform particles, the average compressive strength of the particles reaches 40N, the particles are not easy to break or pulverize in the processes of transportation and large-area mechanized application, and the requirements of transportation and large-area mechanized application are met.
The product produced in the embodiment is subjected to a corn field cultivation test, and compared with the method of only applying the powder single phosphogypsum with the same quantity, the yield is increased by 25%; under the conditions of applying the same N, P, K mixture ratio, the same N, P, K total nutrient content and the same amount of compound fertilizer per mu, the yield can be increased by 38 percent when 50 kilograms of the product is applied per mu.
Example 5
As shown in fig. 2, example 1 was repeated with the following differences: weighing 70.0 parts of phosphogypsum, 15.0 parts of bitter soil, 1.0 part of zinc oxide and manganese oxide: 1.0 part, 1.0 part of boron oxide, 1.0 part of molybdenum oxide, 5.0 parts of amino acid raw powder, 15.0 parts of humic acid, and a proper amount of process water are added, fully and uniformly mixed in a tank type stirring mixer, sent into an extrusion granulator (single-shaft double-roller granulator), granulated, metered and packaged to obtain the product.
The soil conditioner produced by the method contains the following components in mass percentage:
9.42 percent of S; 12.18 percent of Ca; 7.00 percent of Mg; 0.70 percent of Zn; 0.70 percent of Mn; 0.27 percent of B; 0.50 percent of Mo; 1.43% of amino acid; humic acid 6.73 percent
The average compression strength of the particles is 40N; the water content is 2.5%
The product produced by the embodiment has round and uniform particles, the average compressive strength of the particles reaches 40N, the particles are not easy to break or pulverize in the processes of transportation and large-area mechanized application, and the requirements of transportation and large-area mechanized application are met.
The yield of the product produced in the embodiment is increased by 23% compared with the yield of the product produced by only applying the powder and single phosphogypsum with the same quantity by performing a wheat field cultivation test; under the conditions of applying the same N, P, K mixture ratio, the same N, P, K total nutrient content and the same amount of compound fertilizer per mu, the yield can be increased by 35 percent when 50 kilograms of the product is applied per mu.
Example 6
As shown in fig. 1, example 1 was repeated with the following differences: weighing 70.0 parts of phosphogypsum, 5.0 parts of bitter soil, 0.5 part of zinc oxide and manganese oxide: 0.5 part, 0.5 part of boron oxide, 0.5 part of molybdenum oxide, 5.0 parts of amino acid raw powder and 15.0 parts of humic acid, which are fully and uniformly mixed in a double-shaft mixer, sent into a rotary drum granulator, granulated by adding a proper amount of process water, sent into a fluidized bed dryer for drying, sent into a rotary drum cooler for cooling, and finally screened, metered and packaged to obtain the product.
The soil conditioner produced by the method contains the following components in mass percentage:
10.50 percent of S; 13.58 percent of Ca; 2.60 percent of Mg; 0.39% of Zn; 0.37 percent of Mn; 0.14 percent of B; mo0.25 percent; 1.60% of amino acid; humic acid 7.50 percent.
The average compression strength of the particles is 30N; and 2.5 percent of water.
The product produced by the embodiment has round and uniform particles, the average compressive strength of the particles reaches 30N, the particles are not easy to break or pulverize in the processes of transportation and large-area mechanized application, and the requirements of transportation and large-area mechanized application are met.
The yield of the product produced in the embodiment is increased by 22% compared with the product produced by only applying the powder and single phosphogypsum with the same quantity when a potato field cultivation test is carried out; under the conditions of applying the same N, P, K mixture ratio, the same N, P, K total nutrient content and the same amount of compound fertilizer per mu, the yield can be increased by 36 percent when 70 kilograms of the product are applied per mu.
Example 7
As shown in figure 2, example 1 is repeated with the following differences that 50.0 parts of phosphogypsum, 5.0 parts of bitter earth, 0.1 part of zinc oxide and manganese oxide are weighed: 0.1 part, 0.1 part of boron oxide, 0.1 part of molybdenum oxide, 10.0 parts of amino acid raw powder, 5.0 parts of humic acid, and a proper amount of process water are added, fully and uniformly mixed in a spiral mixer, sent into an extrusion granulator (a double-shaft double-roller granulator), granulated, metered and packaged to obtain the product.
The soil conditioner produced by the method contains the following components in mass percentage:
s10.28%; 13.31 percent of Ca; 3.57 percent of Mg; 0.11 percent of Zn; 0.10 percent of Mn; 0.04 percent of B; mo0.89%; 4.39% of amino acid; 3.43 percent of humic acid.
The average compression strength of the particles is 35N; and 2.5 percent of water.
The product produced by the embodiment has round and uniform particles, the average compressive strength of the particles reaches 35N, the particles are not easy to break or pulverize in the processes of transportation and large-area mechanized application, and the requirements of transportation and large-area mechanized fertilization are met.
The yield of the product produced in the embodiment is increased by 20% compared with the yield of the product produced by only applying the powder single phosphogypsum with the same quantity by a wheat field cultivation test; under the conditions of applying the same N, P, K mixture ratio, the same N, P, K total nutrient content and the same amount of compound fertilizer per mu, the yield can be increased by 30 percent when 70 kilograms of the product are applied per mu.
Example 8
As shown in figure 1, example 1 is repeated with the following differences that 30.0 parts of phosphogypsum, 1.0 part of bitter earth, 0.1 part of zinc oxide and manganese oxide are weighed: 0.1 part, 0.1 part of boron oxide, 0.1 part of molybdenum oxide, 0.6 part of amino acid raw powder and 5.0 parts of humic acid, fully and uniformly mixed in a trough type stirring mixer, sent into a rotary drum granulator, added with a proper amount of process water (0.2 part of water glass brought by the process water) for granulation, sent into a rotary drum dryer for drying, sent into a rotary drum cooler for cooling, and finally screened, metered and packaged to obtain the product.
The soil conditioner produced by the method contains the following components in mass percentage:
s11.54%; 14.92 percent of Ca; 1.33 percent of Mg; 0.21 percent of Zn; 0.20 percent of Mn; 0.08 percent of B; mo0.18 percent; 0.52% of amino acid; 6.76 percent of humic acid.
The average compression strength of the particles is 33N; and 2.3 percent of water.
The product produced by the embodiment has round and uniform particles, the average compressive strength of the particles reaches 33N, the particles are not easy to break or pulverize in the processes of transportation and large-area mechanized application, and the requirements of transportation and large-area mechanized application are met.
The product produced in the embodiment is subjected to a sweet potato field cultivation test, and compared with the method of only applying the powdery single phosphogypsum with the same quantity, the yield is increased by 21 percent; under the conditions of applying the same N, P, K mixture ratio, the same N, P, K total nutrient content and the same amount of compound fertilizer per mu, the yield can be increased by 30 percent when 50 kilograms of the product is applied per mu.
Example 9
As shown in fig. 1, example 1 was repeated with the following differences: weighing 10.0 parts of phosphogypsum, 1.0 part of bitter soil, 0.02 part of zinc oxide and manganese oxide: 0.02 part, 0.02 part of boron oxide, 0.02 part of molybdenum oxide, 0.6 part of amino acid raw powder and 0.6 part of humic acid, the raw materials are fully and uniformly mixed in a spiral mixer, the mixture is sent into a disc granulator, a proper amount of process water (0.2 part of white latex, carried in by the process water) is added for granulation, the mixture is sent into a rotary dryer for drying, and then the mixture is sent into a rotary cooler for cooling, and finally the product is obtained through screening, metering and packaging.
The soil conditioner produced by the method contains the following components in mass percentage:
12.21% of S; 15.80 percent of Ca; 4.23 percent of Mg; 0.13 percent of Zn; 0.12 percent of Mn; b0.049%; mo0.091%; 1.56% of amino acid; 2.44 percent of humic acid.
The average compression strength of the particles is 36N; and 2.5 percent of water.
The product produced by the embodiment has round and uniform particles, the average compressive strength of the particles reaches 36N, the particles are not easy to break or pulverize in the processes of transportation and large-area mechanized application, and the requirements of transportation and large-area mechanized application are met.
The yield of the product produced in the embodiment is increased by 23% compared with the yield of the product produced by only applying the powder and single phosphogypsum with the same quantity when a rice field cultivation test is carried out; under the conditions of applying the same N, P, K mixture ratio, the same N, P, K total nutrient content and the same amount of compound fertilizer per mu, the yield can be increased by 31 percent when 50 kilograms of the product is applied per mu.
Example 10
As shown in figure 2, example 1 is repeated, except that 90.0 parts of phosphogypsum, 1.0 part of bitter soil, 0.5 part of zinc oxide and manganese oxide are weighed: 0.5 part of boric oxide, 0.5 part of molybdenum oxide, 15.0 parts of amino acid raw powder, 10.0 parts of humic acid, and a proper amount of process water (0.2 part of water glass brought by the process) are fully and uniformly mixed in a double-shaft mixer, sent into an extrusion granulator (screw granulator) for granulation, metered and packaged to obtain the product.
The soil conditioner produced by the method contains the following components in mass percentage:
11.20 percent of S; ca 14.49%; 0.43 percent of Mg; 0.32 percent of Zn; 0.31 percent of Mn; 0.12 percent of B; mo0.23%; 3.98% of amino acid; 4.15 percent of humic acid.
The average compression strength of the particles is 33N; and 2.3 percent of water.
The product produced by the embodiment has round and uniform particles, the average compressive strength of the particles reaches 33N, the particles are not easy to break or pulverize in the processes of transportation and large-area mechanized application, and the requirements of transportation and large-area mechanized application are met.
The yield of the product produced in the embodiment is increased by 18% compared with the product produced by only applying the powder and single phosphogypsum with the same quantity when a potato field cultivation test is carried out; under the conditions of applying the same N, P, K mixture ratio, the same N, P, K total nutrient content and the same amount of compound fertilizer per mu, the yield can be increased by 27 percent when 70 kilograms of the product are applied per mu.
Example 11
As shown in figure 1, example 1 is repeated with the following differences that 90.0 parts of phosphogypsum, 1.0 part of bitter earth, 0.1 part of zinc oxide and manganese oxide are weighed: 0.1 part, 0.1 part of boron oxide, 0.1 part of molybdenum oxide, 0.6 part of amino acid raw powder and 5.0 parts of humic acid, which are fully and uniformly mixed in a tank type stirring mixer, sent into a rotary drum granulator, added with a proper amount of process water (1.0 part of white latex is carried in by the process water) for granulation, sent into a rotary drum dryer for drying, sent into a fluidized bed cooler for cooling, and finally screened, metered and packaged to obtain the product.
The soil conditioner produced by the method contains the following components in mass percentage:
s13.56%; 17.55 percent of Ca; 0.52 percent of Mg; 0.078% of Zn; 0.075% of Mn; 0.030% of B; mo0.056 percent; 0.19% of amino acid; 2.51 percent of humic acid.
The average compression strength of the particles is 35N; and 2.4 percent of water.
The product produced by the embodiment has round and uniform particles, the average compressive strength of the particles reaches 35N, the particles are not easy to break or pulverize in the processes of transportation and large-area mechanized application, and the requirements of transportation and large-area mechanized application are met.
The yield of the product produced in the embodiment is increased by 18% compared with the yield of the product produced by only applying the powder and single phosphogypsum with the same quantity when a rice field cultivation test is carried out; under the conditions of applying the same N, P, K mixture ratio, the same N, P, K total nutrient content and the same amount of compound fertilizer per mu, the yield can be increased by 27 percent when 70 kilograms of the product are applied per mu.
Example 12
As shown in figure 1, example 1 is repeated with the following differences that 90.0 parts of phosphogypsum, 10.0 parts of bitter earth, 3.0 parts of zinc sulfate monohydrate and manganese sulfate monohydrate are weighed: 3.0 parts of sodium borate pentahydrate, 3.0 parts of ammonium dimolybdate tetrahydrate, 5.0 parts of amino acid raw powder and 20.0 parts of potassium humate, the raw materials are fully and uniformly mixed in a spiral mixer, the mixture is sent into a disc granulator, a proper amount of process water is added for granulation, the mixture is sent into a rotary drum dryer for drying, the mixture is sent into a rotary drum bed cooler for cooling, and finally the product is obtained through screening, metering and packaging.
The soil conditioner produced by the method contains the following components in mass percentage:
10.46 percent of S; 12.56 percent of Ca; 3.74 percent of Mg; 0.76 percent of Zn; 0.69% of Mn; 0.23 percent of B; mo1.03 percent; 1.15% of amino acid; 5.61 percent of humic acid; k2O 1.00％。
The average compression strength of the particles is 36N; and 2.3 percent of water.
The product produced by the embodiment has round and uniform particles, the average compressive strength of the particles reaches 36N, the particles are not easy to break or pulverize in the processes of transportation and large-area mechanized application, and the requirements of transportation and large-area mechanized application are met.
The product produced in the embodiment is subjected to a corn field cultivation test, and compared with the method of only applying the powder single phosphogypsum with the same quantity, the yield is increased by 23%; under the conditions of applying the same N, P, K mixture ratio, the same N, P, K total nutrient content and the same amount of compound fertilizer per mu, the yield can be increased by 35 percent when 40 kilograms of the product is applied per mu.
Example 13
As shown in figure 1, example 1 is repeated with the following differences that 90.0 parts of phosphogypsum, 5.0 parts of bitter earth, 2.0 parts of zinc sulfate monohydrate and manganese sulfate monohydrate are weighed: 2.0 parts of sodium borate pentahydrate, 1.0 part of ammonium dimolybdate tetrahydrate, 5.0 parts of amino acid raw powder and 10.0 parts of potassium humate, wherein the raw materials are fully and uniformly mixed in a tank type stirring mixer, the mixture is sent into a rotary drum granulator, a proper amount of process water is added for granulation, the mixture is sent into a rotary drum dryer for drying, the mixture is sent into a fluidized bed cooler for cooling, and finally the product is obtained through screening, metering and packaging.
The soil conditioner produced by the method contains the following components in mass percentage:
12.15 percent of S; 14.80 percent of Ca; 2.20 percent of Mg; 0.59 percent of Zn; 0.54 percent of Mn; 0.18 percent of B; mo0.41 percent; 1.36% of amino acid; 3.33 percent of humic acid; k2O 0.60％。
The average compression strength of the particles is 28N; and 2.3 percent of water.
The product produced by the embodiment has round and uniform particles, the average compressive strength of the particles reaches 28N, the particles are not easy to break or pulverize in the processes of transportation and large-area mechanized application, and the requirements of transportation and large-area mechanized application are met.
The yield of the product produced in the embodiment is increased by 20% compared with the yield of the product produced by only applying the powder and single phosphogypsum with the same quantity when a rice field cultivation test is carried out; under the conditions of applying the same N, P, K mixture ratio, the same N, P, K total nutrient content and the same amount of compound fertilizer per mu, the yield can be increased by 29 percent when 50 kilograms of the product is applied per mu.
Example 14
As shown in figure 1, example 1 is repeated with the following differences that 70.0 parts of phosphogypsum, 1.0 part of bitter earth, 1.0 part of zinc sulfate monohydrate and manganese sulfate monohydrate are weighed: 1.0 part, 1.0 part of sodium borate pentahydrate, 0.5 part of ammonium dimolybdate tetrahydrate, 5.0 parts of amino acid raw powder and 5.0 parts of potassium humate, which are fully and uniformly mixed in a double-shaft mixer, and then the mixture is sent into a disc granulator, and a proper amount of process water (0.2 part of white latex brought by process water) is added for granulation, and then the mixture is sent into a rotary dryer for drying, and then the mixture is sent into a fluidized bed cooler for cooling, and finally the product is obtained after screening, metering and packaging.
The soil conditioner produced by the method contains the following components in mass percentage:
S 12.48％；Ca 15.61％；Mg 0.60％；Zn 0.40％；Mn 0.37％；B 0.12％；Mo 0.27%; 1.84% of amino acid; 2.24 percent of humic acid; k2O 0.40％。
The average compression strength of the particles is 37N; and 2.5 percent of water.
The product particles produced by the embodiment are round and uniform, the average compressive strength of the particles reaches 37N, the particles are not easy to break or pulverize in the processes of transportation and large-area mechanized application, the requirements of transportation and large-area mechanized fertilization are met, and dust pollution is well avoided.
The yield of the product produced in the embodiment is increased by 20% compared with the yield of the product produced by only applying the powder and single phosphogypsum with the same quantity when a rice field cultivation test is carried out; under the conditions of applying the same N, P, K mixture ratio, the same N, P, K total nutrient content and the same amount of compound fertilizer per mu, the yield can be increased by 28 percent when 70 kilograms of the product are applied per mu.
Example 15
As shown in figure 1, example 1 is repeated with the following differences, weighing 50.0 parts of phosphogypsum, 1.0 part of bitter earth, 0.5 part of zinc sulfate monohydrate, and manganese sulfate monohydrate: 0.5 part, 0.5 part of sodium borate pentahydrate, 0.1 part of ammonium dimolybdate tetrahydrate, 5.0 parts of amino acid raw powder and 5.0 parts of potassium humate, which are fully and uniformly mixed in a spiral mixer, and then the mixture is sent into a rotary drum granulator, and a proper amount of process water (0.2 part of water glass brought by process water) is added for granulation, and then the mixture is sent into a rotary drum dryer for drying, and then the mixture is sent into a fluidized bed cooler for cooling, and finally the product is obtained after screening, metering and packaging.
The soil conditioner produced by the method contains the following components in mass percentage:
12.48 percent of S; 15.15 percent of Ca; 0.81 percent of Mg; 0.27% of Zn; 0.25 percent of Mn; 0.08 percent of B; mo0.074%; 2.5% of amino acid; 3.04 percent of humic acid; k2O 0.55％。
The average compression strength of the particles is 33N; and 2.5 percent of water.
The product produced by the embodiment has round and uniform particles, the average compressive strength of the particles reaches 33N, the particles are not easy to break or pulverize in the processes of transportation and large-area mechanized application, and the requirements of transportation and large-area mechanized application are met.
The yield of the product produced in the embodiment is increased by 16% compared with the field cultivation test of only applying the powder single phosphogypsum with the same quantity by carrying out the field cultivation test of the sweet potatoes; under the conditions of applying the same N, P, K mixture ratio, the same N, P, K total nutrient content and the same amount of compound fertilizer per mu, the yield can be increased by 25 percent when 70 kilograms of the product are applied per mu.
Claims (9)
1. A function-enhanced granular composite soil conditioner is characterized in that: weighing 10-90 parts of phosphogypsum, 1-20 parts of bitter earth, 0.02-3.0 parts of boron oxide or salt, 0.02-3.0 parts of zinc oxide or salt, 0.02-3.0 parts of manganese oxide or salt, 0.02-3.0 parts of molybdenum oxide or salt and 0.6-20.0 parts of amino acid raw powder in parts by mass, uniformly mixing the raw materials, and granulating by adopting an extrusion process to obtain a product; or adopting a rotary drum or disc process to granulate, drying, cooling and screening to obtain a product; wherein, when the proportion of the raw materials is less than 2 parts of the bitter soil, 0.1-1.0 part of the binder is added.
2. The function-enhanced particulate composite soil conditioner according to claim 1, wherein: the raw material ratio is as follows: 70-90 parts of phosphogypsum, 2-7 parts of bitter soil, 0.13-0.67 part of boron oxide or salt, 0.064-1.2 parts of zinc oxide or salt, 0.067-1.3 parts of manganese oxide or salt, 0.08-0.31 part of molybdenum oxide or salt and 0.6-6 parts of amino acid raw powder.
3. The function-intensified particulate composite soil conditioner according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: furthermore, 0.6-20.0 parts of humic acid or humate is added into the raw materials.
4. The function-enhanced particulate composite soil conditioner according to claim 1, wherein: the binder is building glue, white latex or water glass.
5. The function-enhanced particulate composite soil conditioner according to claim 1, wherein: when the extrusion process is adopted for granulation, the binder is added into the raw materials and mixed evenly; when the granulation is carried out by adopting a drum or disc process, the binder is added into the granulation liquid.
6. The function-enhanced particulate composite soil conditioner according to claim 1, wherein: the raw material mixing equipment adopts a double-shaft mixer, a spiral mixer or a groove type stirring mixer.
7. The function-enhanced particulate composite soil conditioner according to claim 1, wherein: the granulating equipment adopts a disk granulator, a rotary drum granulator, a screw granulator and a single-shaft or double-shaft double-roller granulator.
8. The function-enhanced particulate composite soil conditioner according to claim 1, wherein: the drying equipment adopts a rotary drum dryer or a fluidized bed dryer.
9. The function-enhanced particulate composite soil conditioner according to claim 1, wherein: the cooling device adopts a rotary drum cooler or a fluidized bed cooler.
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| CN111905647B (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2022-03-15 | 中化云龙有限公司 | Phosphogypsum granulation system |
| CN115477563A (en) * | 2022-09-13 | 2022-12-16 | 葫芦岛锌业股份有限公司 | Method for preparing soil conditioner from epoxypropane saponification slag and gold dressing tailings |
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| AU2002361893A1 (en) * | 2001-12-06 | 2003-06-23 | University Of South Florida | Slow-release fertilizer |
| CN1315760C (en) * | 2005-12-01 | 2007-05-16 | 常同忠 | Improved process for preparing manure containing marine organism and produced manure by same method |
| CN101195551A (en) * | 2007-07-09 | 2008-06-11 | 湖北洋丰股份有限公司 | Method for improving balling ratio of complex fertilizer product |
| CN100584805C (en) * | 2008-09-27 | 2010-01-27 | 瓮福（集团）有限责任公司 | Method for producing sulfur-magnesium fertilizer by high magnesium phosphorus tails |
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| CN103482896B (en) * | 2013-09-09 | 2015-07-15 | 四川大学 | Phosphogypsum ball and preparation method and application thereof |
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