CN106747291A - 一种陶瓷化高分子材料用陶瓷粉及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种陶瓷化高分子材料用陶瓷粉及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106747291A
CN106747291A CN201611246841.6A CN201611246841A CN106747291A CN 106747291 A CN106747291 A CN 106747291A CN 201611246841 A CN201611246841 A CN 201611246841A CN 106747291 A CN106747291 A CN 106747291A
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徐骁
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种陶瓷化高分子材料用陶瓷粉及其制备方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括如下步骤：(1)将40‑90份无机矿物粉末和10‑60份的成瓷填料投入到高混机中混合均匀；(2)混合后的粉末放入马弗炉内，在300‑1000℃高温下处理0.5‑5小时后取出快速降温；(3)采用球磨机或气流粉碎机，粉碎成一定目数的粉末，即得到可用于制备陶瓷化高分子材料用陶瓷粉。本发明方法制备的陶瓷粉可直接用于制备陶瓷化高分子材料，无需额外添加昂贵的成瓷助剂，并且具有在高分子材料中分散性好，对材料的综合性能影响较小，能够在较低温度下迅速成瓷的优点。本发明工艺路线简单、产品质量稳定，适于工业化生产。

Description

一种陶瓷化高分子材料用陶瓷粉及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种陶瓷化高分子材料用陶瓷粉及其制备方法，属于材料改性领域。
背景技术
近年来由于经济的快速发展，城市规模的扩大，高层建筑也越来越多，以及国家政策对消防安全越来越重视，要求新建高层建筑所用的电力电缆必须具有防火耐火功能，以保证在火灾事故发生时能够有充分的时间供人员逃生和财产抢救。传统的耐火电缆主要采用氧化镁电缆或云母带型矿物绝缘电缆，但氧化镁矿物绝缘电缆存在价格昂贵，敷设工艺复杂等缺点，云母型矿物绝缘电缆由于自身缺陷无法满足现代消防要求，正逐步被新型陶瓷化高分子材料(如陶瓷化硅橡胶、陶瓷化硅橡胶复合带、陶瓷化聚烯烃耐火材料等)所取代。因此，采用具有优异耐火特性的陶瓷化高分子材料生产的防火耐火电缆具有非常大的市场潜力。
自2008年以来，陶瓷化高分子材料及采用陶瓷化高分子材料设计的电线电缆相关专利已有数百个，但关于其中关键成分——陶瓷粉的相关专利寥寥无几。几乎所有陶瓷化高分子材料的专利中都没有对填料中的水分尤其是填料成瓷间反应生成的水分等进行处理，而水分的存在对复合材料遇火成瓷强度影响非常大，从而影响到最终电缆产品的耐火效果。
发明内容
针对现有技术，本发明的目的在于提供一种陶瓷化高分子材料用陶瓷粉及其制备方法，可有效解决水分对成瓷效果影响的问题。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：
一种陶瓷化高分子材料用陶瓷粉的制备方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括如下步骤：
(1)将40-90份无机矿物粉末和10-60份的成瓷填料投入到高混机中混合均匀；
(2)混合后的粉末放入马弗炉内，在300-1000℃高温下处理0.5-5小时后取出快速降温；
(3)采用球磨机或气流粉碎机，粉碎成一定目数的粉末，即得到可用于制备陶瓷化高分子材料用陶瓷粉。
所述的无机矿物粉末为氢氧化镁、氢氧化铝、滑石粉、钛白粉、碳酸钙、高岭土、蒙脱土、云母粉、氧化镁、氧化铝等中的一种或几种。
所述的成瓷填料为硼酸锌、硼砂、硼钙石、碳酸锂、氧化锌、氧化钙等中的一种或几种。
所述的陶瓷粉目数为300-10000目。
由上述方法制备的陶瓷粉，该陶瓷粉可用于制备陶瓷化硅橡胶产品或陶瓷化聚乙烯产品。
进一步地，称取一定量的陶瓷粉，乙烯基硅橡胶，白炭黑，硅油和硅烷偶联剂，经密炼机捏合、过滤、加硫可得到陶瓷化硅橡胶产品。
该陶瓷化硅橡胶拉伸强度为7.5MPa，伸长率200％，撕裂强度为20KN/m，500℃三分钟内可成瓷。
进一步地，称取一定量的聚乙烯，陶瓷粉，加工助剂，经密炼、双螺杆造粒即可得到陶瓷化聚乙烯产品。
该该陶瓷化聚乙烯伸强度为10.5MPa，伸长率150％，500℃一分钟即可成瓷。
有益效果：
本发明方法制备的陶瓷粉可直接用于制备陶瓷化高分子材料，无需额外添加昂贵的成瓷助剂，并且具有在高分子材料中分散性好，对材料的综合性能影响较小，能够在较低温度下迅速成瓷的优点。本发明工艺路线简单、产品质量稳定，适于工业化生产。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进一步说明，但本发明的实施方式不限于此。
实施例1：
称取30份氢氧化镁、45份碳酸钙、15份云母粉、30份硼砂、22.5份硼酸锌和7.5份氧化锌粉末，投入到高混机中混料10min，混合后的粉末放入800℃马弗炉内保温2小时，然后取出骤冷至室温，采用球磨机或气流粉碎机粉碎、筛分得到一定粒径的陶瓷粉产品。
称取30份乙烯基硅橡胶，7.5份白炭黑，45份陶瓷粉，1.5份硅油和1.2份硅烷偶联剂，经密炼机捏合、过滤、加硫可得到陶瓷化硅橡胶产品，实验结果显示，该陶瓷化硅橡胶拉伸强度为7.5MPa，伸长率200％，撕裂强度20KN/m，500℃三分钟内可成瓷。
实施例2：
称取20份氧化镁、30份高岭土、20份云母粉、12份硼钙石、5份公斤硼酸锌、10份氧化锌和3份碳酸锂粉末，投入到高混机中混料10min，混合后的粉末放入600℃马弗炉内保温2小时，然后取出骤冷至室温，采用球磨机或气流粉碎机粉碎、筛分得到一定粒径的陶瓷粉产品。
称取20份聚乙烯，30份陶瓷粉，2份加工助剂，经密炼、双螺杆造粒即可得到陶瓷化聚乙烯产品，实验结果显示，该陶瓷化聚乙烯伸强度为10.5MPa，伸长率150％，500℃一分钟即可成瓷。
至此，本领域技术人员应认识到，虽然本文已详尽示出和描述了本发明的多个示例性实施例，但是，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的情况下，仍可根据本发明公开的内容直接确定或推导出符合本发明原理的许多其他变型或修改。因此，本发明的范围应被理解和认定为覆盖了所有这些其他变型或修改。

Claims (9)

1.一种陶瓷化高分子材料用陶瓷粉的制备方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括如下步骤：
(1)将40-90份无机矿物粉末和10-60份的成瓷填料投入到高混机中混合均匀；
(2)混合后的粉末放入马弗炉内，在300-1000℃高温下处理0.5-5小时后取出快速降温；
(3)采用球磨机或气流粉碎机，粉碎成一定目数的粉末，即得到可用于制备陶瓷化高分子材料用陶瓷粉。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种陶瓷化高分子材料用陶瓷粉的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的无机矿物粉末为氢氧化镁、氢氧化铝、滑石粉、钛白粉、碳酸钙、高岭土、蒙脱土、云母粉、氧化镁、氧化铝等中的一种或几种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种陶瓷化高分子材料用陶瓷粉的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的成瓷填料为硼酸锌、硼砂、硼钙石、碳酸锂、氧化锌、氧化钙等中的一种或几种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种陶瓷化高分子材料用陶瓷粉的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的陶瓷粉目数为300-10000目。
5.一种如权利要求1-4中任一项所述的方法制备的陶瓷粉，该陶瓷粉可用于制备陶瓷化硅橡胶产品或陶瓷化聚乙烯产品。
6.根据权利要求5所述的方法制备的陶瓷粉，其特征在于，称取一定量的陶瓷粉，乙烯基硅橡胶，白炭黑，硅油和硅烷偶联剂，经密炼机捏合、过滤、加硫可得到陶瓷化硅橡胶产品。
7.根据权利要求6所述的方法制备的陶瓷粉，其特征在于，该陶瓷化硅橡胶拉伸强度为7.5MPa，伸长率200％，撕裂强度为20KN/m，500℃三分钟内可成瓷。
8.根据权利要求5所述的方法制备的陶瓷粉，其特征在于，称取一定量的聚乙烯，陶瓷粉，加工助剂，经密炼、双螺杆造粒即可得到陶瓷化聚乙烯产品。
9.根据权利要求8所述的方法制备的陶瓷粉，其特征在于，该该陶瓷化聚乙烯伸强度为10.5MPa，伸长率150％，500℃一分钟即可成瓷。
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