CN106735216A - The increase and decrease material composite manufacturing equipment and method of a kind of metal parts - Google Patents
The increase and decrease material composite manufacturing equipment and method of a kind of metal parts Download PDFInfo
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- CN106735216A CN106735216A CN201611264089.8A CN201611264089A CN106735216A CN 106735216 A CN106735216 A CN 106735216A CN 201611264089 A CN201611264089 A CN 201611264089A CN 106735216 A CN106735216 A CN 106735216A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/70—Recycling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/32—Process control of the atmosphere, e.g. composition or pressure in a building chamber
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/80—Data acquisition or data processing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/003—Apparatus, e.g. furnaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
- B22F10/366—Scanning parameters, e.g. hatch distance or scanning strategy
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/50—Treatment of workpieces or articles during build-up, e.g. treatments applied to fused layers during build-up
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/40—Radiation means
- B22F12/49—Scanners
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
- B22F2003/247—Removing material: carving, cleaning, grinding, hobbing, honing, lapping, polishing, milling, shaving, skiving, turning the surface
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
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- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses the increase and decrease material composite manufacturing equipment and method of a kind of metal parts.The kit component containing increasing material manufacturing, subtract material manufacture component, atmosphere regulatory component and control system.The increasing material manufacturing component is used to implement parts to be processed selective laser fusing；Subtracting material manufacture component is used to implement machining to the metal parts slicing layer for having melted shaping；Atmosphere regulatory component is used in part manufacturing process provide protective gas for laser irradiation region domain and removes the metal fumes that laser irradiation region domain produces；Control system is used to process metal parts CAD model to be formed, generates increasing material manufacturing component and subtracts the machining locus of material manufacture component, and drives the operation of equipment each several part.Using increase and decrease material composite metal part manufacturing equipment and method provided by the present invention, the labyrinth metal parts of needles of various sizes precision and excellent surface quality can efficiently, be disposably manufactured.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to advanced manufacturing technology field, and in particular to a kind of increase and decrease material composite manufacturing of metal parts equipment and
Method.
Background technology
Selective laser fusing is a kind of emerging increases material manufacturing technology, and it is based on " discrete-to pile up " principle, is shaken using scanning
The high energy density laser beam of mirror output implements selective melting to the metal powder layer for successively laying, can be not by frock clamp
With the near-net-shape that complicated metallic element is completed in the case of mould.
However, the metallic element generally existing rough surface manufactured using selective laser fusing and dimensional discrepancy etc. are asked
Topic, generally machining must be imposed to key position using traditional machine tool after forming can put into practical application, cause production
The extension in cycle is soaring with manufacturing cost.
In sum, exploitation one kind can shape various labyrinths, and product surface quality and dimensional accuracy are can guarantee that again
New manufacturing equipment and method, tool is of great significance.
The content of the invention
In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention proposes increase and decrease material composite manufacturing equipment and the side of a kind of metal parts
Method, it is intended to efficiently, disposably manufacture the labyrinth metal parts of needles of various sizes precision and excellent surface quality.
The present invention provides a kind of increase and decrease material composite manufacturing equipment of metal parts, it is characterised in that the equipment includes increasing material
Manufacture component, subtract material manufacture component, atmosphere regulatory component and control system；
The increasing material manufacturing component is used to implement parts to be processed selective laser fusing；
The material manufacture component that subtracts is used to implement machining to the metal parts slicing layer for having melted shaping；
The atmosphere regulatory component is used in part manufacturing process as laser irradiation region domain provides protective gas and removing
The metal fumes that laser irradiation region domain produces；
The control system is used to process metal parts CAD model to be formed, and generation increasing material manufacturing component is manufactured with material is subtracted
The machining locus of component, and drive the operation of equipment each several part；
The quantity of the parts to be processed may be either one, can be again multiple；
The selective laser fusing alternately can both be carried out synchronously again with mechanical processing process.
Using the method for above-mentioned increase and decrease material composite metal part manufacturing equipment Prototyping Metal Parts, it is characterised in that should
Method is comprised the following steps：
1st step control system processes metal parts CAD model, and increasing material manufacturing component is generated according to model slice profile information
With the machining locus for subtracting material manufacture component；
2nd step sets up inertia in laser irradiation region domain using atmosphere regulatory component, without dust atmospheres；
3rd step lays metal powder layer；
4th step control increasing material manufacturing component implements selective laser fusing to parts to be processed successively along equipment left and right directions；
At the same time, control subtracts material manufacture component and implements mechanical adding to the metal parts slicing layer for having melted shaping successively in same direction
Work；
The slicing layer that part has completed processing is declined certain altitude by the 5th step, and lays metal dust again above it
Layer；
6th step repeats the 4th step and the 5th step, until completing the increase and decrease material composite manufacturing of all metal parts.
Increase and decrease material composite manufacturing equipment and method of the present invention including a kind of metal parts, specifically, the present invention has
Following technique effect：
(1) present invention utilizes the individual scanning galvanometer systems of M (M >=1) in increasing material manufacturing component successively to N (N >=1) individual shaping
The metal powder layer that cylinder upper surface lays implements selective laser fusing, and metal powder layer first formation cylinder upper surface is complete
Into after the fusing of selective laser, all formation cylinder upper surfaces are fused into successively using the milling cutter subtracted in material manufacture component
The metal coupon layer of shape implements machining；Based on the operation principle, the present invention can efficiently, disposably manufacture needles of various sizes
The labyrinth metal parts of precision and excellent surface quality；
(2) quantity of formation cylinder with flexible modulation, and then can be produced at one in present invention equipment increasing material manufacturing component
The increase and decrease material composite manufacturing of multiple metal parts is completed in cycle；
(3) increasing material manufacturing component with subtract material manufacture component can alternation, can work asynchronously again, further improve add
Work efficiency rate and flexibility；
(4) inventing provided equipment can transform and be realized by melting to existing selective laser equipment, run and
Maintenance cost is low.
Brief description of the drawings
A kind of increase and decrease material composite manufacturing equipment of metal parts that Fig. 1, Fig. 2 are provided by embodiment 1, wherein, Fig. 1 is dress
Standby side view, Fig. 2 is the sectional view in airtight cavity inside A-A faces；
A kind of increase and decrease material composite manufacturing equipment of metal parts that Fig. 3, Fig. 4 are provided by embodiment 2, wherein, Fig. 3 is dress
Standby side view, Fig. 4 is the sectional view in airtight cavity inside B-B faces；
Label declaration in figure：The horizontal lathe beds of 1-；2- portal frames；3- arms；4- milling cutters；5- pedestals；6- work is flat
Platform；7- Powder spreaders；8- formation cylinders；The powder storage chambers of 9- first；The powder storage chambers of 10- second；11- laser scanning generators；12-
First powdering guide rail；13- the second powdering guide rails；14- first scans guide rail；15- second scans guide rail；16- substrates；17- pistons；
The storage powder of 18- first room support；The storage powder of 19- second room support；20- workbench support columns；21- scans guide supporting post；22- sweeps
Retouch galvanometer system；23- the first milling guide rails；24- the second milling guide rails；25- milling crossbeams；26- milling sliding blocks；27- millings are led
Rail support column；28- protects source of the gas；29- high-effective dust-removing machines；30- airtight cavities.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is explained in more detail below by by embodiment and accompanying drawing, but the following example and accompanying drawing are only to say
Bright property, protection scope of the present invention is not limited to these embodiments restrictions.Additionally, in each implementation method disclosed below
As long as involved technical characteristic does not constitute conflict and can just be mutually combined each other.
The increase and decrease material composite manufacturing equipment of a kind of metal parts that the present invention is provided, it is characterised in that the equipment includes increasing
Material manufactures component, subtracts material manufacture component, atmosphere regulatory component and control system；
The increasing material manufacturing component is used to implement parts to be processed selective laser fusing；
The material manufacture component that subtracts is used to implement machining to the metal parts slicing layer for having melted shaping；
The atmosphere regulatory component is used in part manufacturing process as laser irradiation region domain provides protective gas and removing
The metal fumes that laser irradiation region domain produces；
The control system is used to process metal parts CAD model to be formed, and generation increasing material manufacturing component is manufactured with material is subtracted
The machining locus of component, and drive the operation of equipment each several part；
The quantity of the parts to be processed may be either one, can be again multiple；
The selective laser fusing alternately can both be carried out synchronously again with mechanical processing process.
Following steps are can be summarized as using the method for the equipment manufacturing metal parts：
(1) control system treatment metal parts CAD model, according to model slice profile information generate increasing material manufacturing component with
Subtract the machining locus that material manufactures component；
(2) set up inertia in laser irradiation region domain using atmosphere regulatory component, without dust atmospheres；
(3) metal powder layer is laid；
(4) control increasing material manufacturing component implements selective laser fusing to parts to be processed successively along equipment left and right directions；With
This simultaneously, control subtract material manufacture component in same direction successively to melted shaping metal parts slicing layer implement machinery plus
Work；
(5) slicing layer that part has completed processing is declined into certain altitude, and lays metal powder layer again above it；
(6) repeat step (4)~(5), until completing the increase and decrease material composite manufacturing of all metal parts.
Example：
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the increase and decrease material composite manufacturing equipment of a kind of metal parts that present example is provided, including subtract
Material manufacture component, increasing material manufacturing component, atmosphere regulatory component and control system.
The material manufacture component that subtracts includes milling cutter 4 and milling cutter transmission system；Milling cutter transmission system is specific
It is a five-axle linkage Longmen machine tool, is made up of horizontal lathe bed 1, portal frame 2 and arm 3；Wherein, portal frame 2 is across can
The horizontal lathe bed 1 for stretching in left-right direction；Arm 3 is arranged on the top of portal frame 2, can be slided with vertical direction along the longitudinal direction
It is dynamic；Milling cutter 4 is installed on the lower section of arm 3；
The increasing material manufacturing component includes pedestal 5, workbench 6, Powder spreader 7, the storage powder of formation cylinder 8, first room 9, second
Storage powder room 10, laser scanning generator 11, the first powdering guide rail 12, second the 13, first scanning of powdering guide rail guide rail 14, second are swept
Guide rail 15, substrate 16, the storage powder of piston 17, first room support 18, second is retouched to store up powder room support 19, workbench support column 20 and sweep
Retouch guide supporting post 21；Wherein, pedestal 5 is installed on the upper surface of horizontal lathe bed 1, can be by the flexible and arm 3 of horizontal lathe bed 1
Slip realize with milling cutter 4 along left and right, front and rear and vertical direction relative movement；Workbench 6 is by workbench branch
Dagger 20 is installed on the top of pedestal 5；First powdering guide rail 12 and the second powdering guide rail 13 are respectively arranged in the upper surface of workbench 6
Rear and front end, both can drive coupled Powder spreader 7 to be moved back and forth in left-right direction in the upper surface of workbench 6；First
The storage powder room 10 of storage powder room 9 and second is opened in the top of the movement locus left and right sides of Powder spreader 7 respectively, and respectively by the first storage
Powder room support 18 is connected with the second storage powder room support 19 with the upper surface of workbench 6；The shaping that N number of (N >=1) arranges from left to right
Cylinder 8 is uniformly opened in the upper surface of workbench 6 and is stored up powder room 9 and thrown vertically by the first powdering guide rail 12, the second powdering guide rail 13, first
The region that shadow and the vertical projection of the second storage powder room 10 are enclosed；Piston 17 is installed on the cylinder base of each formation cylinder 8, substrate 16
The top of piston 17 is installed on, cylinder interior that can be in formation cylinder 8 under the drive of piston 17 is vertically lifted；First scanning is led
Rail 14 and second scans guide rail 15 and is installed on the top of pedestal 5 by scanning guide supporting post 21, and both can drive coupled
Laser scanning generator 11 is moved back and forth in left-right direction in the top of workbench 6；The first scanning scanning guide rail of guide rail 14, second
15 and laser scanning generator 11 height less than portal frame 2 crossbeam；The inside of laser scanning generator 11 containing M (M >=
1) scanning galvanometer system 22；This example stores up the tool of powder room 10, Powder spreader 7 and scanning galvanometer system 22 to the first storage powder room 9, second
Body structure does not have particular requirement, from the corresponding mechanism of existing selective laser melting unit；In metal parts manufacturing process
In, storage metal dust is responsible in the first storage powder room 9 and the second storage powder room 10, and is powdering when Powder spreader 7 is moved to below
Device 7 provides the metal dust of controllable quantity；Powder spreader 7 is responsible for laying the controllable metal dust of thickness every piece of top of substrate 16
Layer；M scanning galvanometer system 22 in laser scanning generator 11 is responsible for the metal powder layer laid to every piece of top of substrate 16
Implement selective laser fusing；
The atmosphere regulatory component includes protection source of the gas 28, high-effective dust-removing machine 29 and airtight cavity 30；Wherein, airtight cavity
30 will subtract material manufacture component and increasing material manufacturing module enclosure portion in the inner；Protection source of the gas 28 is located at closed chamber with high-effective dust-removing machine 29
Outside body 30, it is each responsible in part manufacturing process providing protective gas for laser irradiation region domain and removes laser irradiation region domain
The metal fumes of generation；This example, also without particular requirement, is selected to the concrete structure of protection source of the gas 28 and high-effective dust-removing machine 29
The corresponding mechanism of existing selective laser melting unit；
The control system is located at outside airtight cavity 30, is connected by electric signal with equipment remainder, for processing
The machining locus of metal parts CAD model to be formed, M scanning galvanometer system 22 of generation and milling cutter 4, and drive equipment each
Partial operation.
Method using the increase and decrease material composite manufacturing equipment Prototyping Metal Parts shown in figure Fig. 1, Fig. 2 can be divided into following step
Suddenly：
(1) it is that each formation cylinder 8 distributes metal parts to be processed according to Production requirement；Control system is by all metals
The CAD model of part cuts into slices to generate the scanning track of M scanning galvanometer system 22 in laser scanning generator 11；
(2) control system recognizes that each metal parts must apply the slicing layer of machining, and generates adding for milling cutter 4
Work track；Metal parts must apply machining slicing layer including but not limited to：Surface roughness must less than Ra12.5~
The slicing layer of Ra25, needs carry out the slicing layer of dimensional fits with other parts；
(3) set up inertia in laser irradiation region domain using atmosphere regulatory component, without dust atmospheres；Rise all formation cylinders 8
In substrate 16, make the upper surface of substrate 16 be located at scanning galvanometer system 22 focal plane；
(4) Powder spreader 7 receives the metal dust that the first storage powder room 9 is provided, and from left to right successively in all formation cylinders 8
Upper surface lays has certain thickness metal powder layer；
(5) M scanning galvanometer system 22 in laser scanning generator 11 is from left to right successively to the upper table of all formation cylinders 8
Face lay metal powder layer implement selective laser fusing, and the upper surface of leftmost side formation cylinder 8 metal powder layer complete swash
After light selective melting, the metal that shaping has been melted in the upper surface of all formation cylinders 8 is cut successively from left to right using milling cutter 4
Lamella implements machining；
(6) all substrates 16 are vertically declined and part slicing layer thickness identical distance；
(7) Powder spreader 7 receives the metal dust that the second storage powder room 10 is provided, and from right-to-left successively in all formation cylinders
8 upper surfaces lay has certain thickness metal powder layer；
(8) M scanning galvanometer system 22 in laser scanning generator 11 from right-to-left successively to the upper table of all formation cylinders 8
Face lay metal powder layer implement selective laser fusing, and the upper surface of rightmost side formation cylinder 8 metal powder layer complete swash
After light selective melting, the metal that shaping has been melted in the upper surface of all formation cylinders 8 is cut successively from right-to-left using milling cutter 4
Lamella implements machining；
(9) all substrates 16 are vertically declined and part slicing layer thickness identical distance；
(10) repeat step (4)~(9), until completing the increase and decrease material composite manufacturing of all metal parts.
Embodiment 2
As shown in figure Fig. 3, Fig. 4, a kind of increase and decrease material composite manufacturing equipment of metal parts that present example is provided, including
Increasing material manufacturing component, subtract material manufacture component, atmosphere regulatory component and control system.
The increasing material manufacturing component includes pedestal 5, workbench 6, Powder spreader 7, the storage powder of formation cylinder 8, first room 9, second
Storage powder room 10, laser scanning generator 11, the first powdering guide rail 12, second the 13, first scanning of powdering guide rail guide rail 14, second are swept
Guide rail 15, substrate 16, the storage powder of piston 17, first room support 18, second is retouched to store up powder room support 19, workbench support column 20 and sweep
Retouch guide supporting post 21；Wherein, pedestal 5 is located at equipment bottommost；Workbench 6 is installed on base by workbench support column 20
The top of seat 5；First powdering guide rail 12 and the second powdering guide rail 13 are respectively arranged in the rear and front end of the upper surface of workbench 6, both
Coupled Powder spreader 7 can be driven to be moved back and forth in left-right direction in the upper surface of workbench 6；First storage powder room 9 and second
Storage powder room 10 is opened in the top of the movement locus left and right sides of Powder spreader 7 respectively, and respectively by the first storage powder room support 18 with
Second storage powder room support 19 is connected with the upper surface of workbench 6；The formation cylinder 8 that N number of (N >=1) arranges from left to right is uniformly opened up
The vertical projection of powder room 9 and the second storage are stored up by the first powdering guide rail 12, the second powdering guide rail 13, first in the upper surface of workbench 6
The region that the vertical projection of powder room 10 is enclosed；Piston 17 is installed on the cylinder base of each formation cylinder 8, and substrate 16 is installed on piston
17 tops, cylinder interior that can be in formation cylinder 8 under the drive of piston 17 is vertically lifted；First scanning guide rail 14 and second
Scanning guide rail 15 is installed on the top of pedestal 5 by scanning guide supporting post 21, and both can drive coupled laser scanning to send out
Raw device 11 is moved back and forth in left-right direction in the top of workbench 6；Contain M (M >=1) scanning in the inside of laser scanning generator 11
Galvanometer system 22；This example stores up the concrete structure of powder room 10, Powder spreader 7 and scanning galvanometer system 22 to the first storage powder room 9, second
There is no particular requirement, from the corresponding mechanism of existing selective laser melting unit；In metal parts manufacturing process, first
Storage metal dust is responsible in the storage powder room 10 of storage powder room 9 and second, and when Powder spreader 7 is moved to below for Powder spreader 7 is provided
The metal dust of controllable quantity；Powder spreader 7 is responsible for laying the controllable metal powder layer of thickness every piece of top of substrate 16；Laser is swept
M scanning galvanometer system 22 in generator 11 is retouched to be responsible for implementing laser choosing to the metal powder layer that every piece of top of substrate 16 lays
Melt in area；
The material manufacture component that subtracts includes milling cutter 4 and milling cutter transmission system；Milling cutter transmission system is specific
By the first milling guide rail 23, the second milling guide rail 24, milling crossbeam 25, milling sliding block 26, milling guide supporting post 27 and arm 3
Constitute；Wherein, the first milling guide rail 23 and the second milling guide rail 24 are installed on pedestal 5 by milling guide supporting post 27 respectively
The rear and front end on surface, both can drive coupled milling crossbeam 25 to move back and forth in left-right direction；First milling guide rail
23 and second milling guide rail 24 height higher than first scanning guide rail 14, second scanning guide rail 15 and laser scanning generator 11；
Milling sliding block 26 is connected with milling crossbeam 25, can slide along the longitudinal direction；Arm 3 is connected with milling sliding block 26, can be along vertical side
To slip；Milling cutter 4 is installed on the lower section of arm 3.
The atmosphere regulatory component includes protection source of the gas 28, high-effective dust-removing machine 29 and airtight cavity 30；Wherein, airtight cavity
30 will subtract material manufacture component and increasing material manufacturing module enclosure portion in the inner；Protection source of the gas 28 is located at closed chamber with high-effective dust-removing machine 29
Outside body 30, it is each responsible in part manufacturing process providing protective gas for laser irradiation region domain and removes laser irradiation region domain
The metal fumes of generation；This example, also without particular requirement, is selected to the concrete structure of protection source of the gas 28 and high-effective dust-removing machine 29
The corresponding mechanism of existing selective laser melting unit；
The control system is located at outside airtight cavity 30, is connected by electric signal with equipment remainder, for processing
The machining locus of metal parts CAD model to be formed, M scanning galvanometer system 22 of generation and milling cutter 4, and drive equipment each
Partial operation.
Using the method and example of the increase and decrease material composite metal part manufacturing equipment Prototyping Metal Parts shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4
1 is identical.
Preferred embodiments of the invention are the foregoing is only, various compound systems of increase and decrease material can be also designed based on thinking of the invention
Make equipment.For example, the first storage powder room 9, second can be stored up the powder feeding cylinder during powder room 10 is replaced by existing selective laser fusing equipment,
Will the supply mode of metal dust ascending manner is changed to by falling type；Equipment can also be equipped with multiple milling cutters 4, so as to further
Lifting processing efficiency；Additionally, the movement of laser scanning generator 11 is also realized using industrial multi-joint intelligent machine arm.Always
It, the present invention should not be limited to examples detailed above and accompanying drawing disclosure of that.It is every not depart from spirit disclosed in this invention
The equivalent or modification of lower completion, still should be regarded as within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of increase and decrease material composite manufacturing of metal parts is equipped, it is characterised in that the equipment includes increasing material manufacturing component, subtracts material
Manufacture component, atmosphere regulatory component and control system；
The increasing material manufacturing component is used to implement parts to be processed selective laser fusing；The material manufacture component that subtracts is used for
The metal parts slicing layer for melting shaping implements machining；The atmosphere regulatory component is used to be sharp in part manufacturing process
Light irradiation zone provides protective gas and removes the metal fumes that laser irradiation region domain produces；The control system is treated for treatment
Prototyping Metal Parts CAD model, generates increasing material manufacturing component and subtracts the machining locus of material manufacture component, and drive equipment each several part
Operation.
2. increase and decrease material composite manufacturing is equipped according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the material that subtracts manufactures component by a milling
Cutting knife tool transmission system and the milling cutter (4) in milling cutter transmission system are constituted；The increasing material manufacturing component is
Selective laser melting appartus.
3. increase and decrease material composite manufacturing is equipped according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the milling cutter transmission system is five
Axle linkage Longmen machine tool, is made up of horizontal lathe bed (1), portal frame (2) and arm (3)；Wherein, portal frame (2) is across can
The horizontal lathe bed (1) for stretching in left-right direction；Arm (3) installed in the top of portal frame (2), can along the longitudinal direction with vertically
Slide in direction；Milling cutter (4) is installed on arm (3) lower section.
4. increase and decrease material composite manufacturing is equipped according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the milling cutter transmission system includes
First milling guide rail (23), the second milling guide rail (24), milling crossbeam (25), milling sliding block (26), milling guide supporting post
And arm (3) (27)；Wherein, the first milling guide rail (23) passes through milling guide supporting post respectively with the second milling guide rail (24)
(27) it is installed on the rear and front end of pedestal (5) upper surface of the selective laser melting appartus, the first milling guide rail (23) and the
Two milling guide rails (24) can drive coupled milling crossbeam (25) to move back and forth in left-right direction；First milling guide rail (23)
Height with the second milling guide rail (24) scans guide rail (15) and laser scanning generator higher than the first scanning guide rail (14), second
(11)；Milling sliding block (26) is connected with milling crossbeam (25), can slide along the longitudinal direction；Arm (3) and milling sliding block (26) phase
Even, can vertically slide；Milling cutter (4) is installed on arm (3) lower section.
5. increase and decrease material composite manufacturing is equipped according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the selective laser melting appartus include
Pedestal (5), workbench (6), Powder spreader (7), formation cylinder (8), the first storage powder room (9), the second storage powder room (10), laser scanning
Generator (11), the first powdering guide rail (12), the second powdering guide rail (13), the first scanning guide rail (14), the second scanning guide rail
(15), substrate (16), piston (17), the first storage powder room support (18), the second storage powder room support (19), workbench support column
(20) and scanning guide supporting post (21)；Wherein, pedestal (5) is installed on the upper surface of horizontal lathe bed (1), can be by horizontal lathe bed
(1) the slip realization of flexible and arm (3) is with milling cutter (4) along left and right, front and rear and vertical direction relative movement；Work
Platform (6) is installed on pedestal (5) top by workbench support column (20)；First powdering guide rail (12) and the second powdering guide rail
(13) rear and front end of workbench (6) upper surface is respectively arranged in, both can drive coupled Powder spreader (7) flat in work
Platform (6) upper surface moves back and forth in left-right direction；First storage powder room (9) is opened in Powder spreader respectively with the second storage powder room (10)
(7) top of the movement locus left and right sides, and respectively by first storage powder room support (18) with second storage powder room support (19) with
The upper surface of workbench (6) is connected；N number of formation cylinder (8) for arranging from left to right be uniformly opened in workbench (6) upper surface by
First powdering guide rail (12), the second powdering guide rail (13), the first storage powder room (9) vertical projection and the second storage powder room (10) are thrown vertically
The region that shadow is enclosed, N >=1；Piston (17) is installed on the cylinder base of each formation cylinder (8), and substrate (16) is installed on piston
(17) top, cylinder interior that can be in formation cylinder (8) under piston (17) drive is vertically lifted；First scanning guide rail
(14) pedestal (5) top is installed on by scanning guide supporting post (21) with the second scanning guide rail (15), both can drive and it
Connected laser scanning generator (11) is moved back and forth in left-right direction in workbench (6) top；First scanning guide rail (14),
Second scanning guide rail (15) and the crossbeam of the height less than portal frame (2) of laser scanning generator (11)；Laser scanning occurs
Contain M scanning galvanometer system (22), M >=1 inside device (11).
6. increase and decrease material composite manufacturing is equipped according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the increasing material manufacturing component includes pedestal
(5), workbench (6), Powder spreader (7), formation cylinder (8), the first storage powder room (9), the second storage powder room (10), laser scanning occurs
Device (11), the first powdering guide rail (12), the second powdering guide rail (13), the first scanning guide rail (14), the second scanning guide rail (15), base
Plate (16), piston (17), the first storage powder room support (18), second store up powder room support (19), workbench support column (20) and sweep
Retouch guide supporting post (21)；Wherein, pedestal (5) is positioned at equipment bottommost；Workbench (6) is by workbench support column (20)
It is installed on pedestal (5) top；First powdering guide rail (12) is respectively arranged in workbench (6) upper surface with the second powdering guide rail (13)
Rear and front end, both can drive coupled Powder spreader (7) back and forth to be transported in left-right direction in workbench (6) upper surface
It is dynamic；First storage powder room (9) is opened in the top of Powder spreader (7) the movement locus left and right sides with the second storage powder room (10) respectively, and
It is connected with the upper surface of workbench (6) with the second storage powder room support (19) by the first storage powder room support (18) respectively；It is N number of certainly left
Formation cylinder (8) to right arrangement is uniformly opened in workbench (6) upper surface by the first powdering guide rail (12), the second powdering guide rail
(13), the region that the first storage powder room (9) vertical projection and second storage powder room (10) vertical projection are enclosed, N >=1；Piston (17) is pacified
Cylinder base loaded on each formation cylinder (8), substrate (16) be installed on piston (17) top, can piston (17) drive under
The cylinder interior of formation cylinder (8) is vertically lifted；First scanning guide rail (14) is with the second scanning guide rail (15) by scanning
Guide supporting post (21) is installed on pedestal (5) top, and both can drive coupled laser scanning generator (11) in work
Platform (6) top moves back and forth in left-right direction；Contain M scanning galvanometer system (22), M inside laser scanning generator (11)
≥1。
7. according to any increase and decrease material composite manufacturing equipment in claim 1 to 6, it is characterised in that the atmosphere regulation and control group
Part includes protection source of the gas (28), dust removal machine (29) and airtight cavity (30)；Wherein, airtight cavity (30) will be for that will subtract material manufacture group
Part and increasing material manufacturing module enclosure portion in the inner；Protection source of the gas (28) is outside positioned at airtight cavity (30) with dust removal machine (29), point
It is not responsible in part manufacturing process providing protective gas for laser irradiation region domain and removes the metal that laser irradiation region domain produces
Flue dust.
8. according to any increase and decrease material composite manufacturing equipment in claim 1 to 6, it is characterised in that the equipment can be used in
Manufacture multiple parts simultaneously, the increasing material manufacturing component and subtract material manufacture component both can alternation, can work asynchronously again.
9. in a kind of utilization claim 1 to 8 Prototyping Metal Parts of any increase and decrease material composite manufacturing equipment method, its
It is characterised by, the method is comprised the following steps：
1st step control system processes metal parts CAD model, generates increasing material manufacturing component and subtracts according to model slice profile information
Material manufactures the machining locus of component；
2nd step sets up inertia in laser irradiation region domain using atmosphere regulatory component, without dust atmospheres；
3rd step lays metal powder layer；
4th step control increasing material manufacturing component implements selective laser fusing to parts to be processed successively along equipment left and right directions；With this
Meanwhile, control subtracts material manufacture component and implements machining to the metal parts slicing layer for having melted shaping successively in same direction；
The slicing layer that part has completed processing is declined certain altitude by the 5th step, and lays metal powder layer again above it；
6th step repeats the 4th step and the 5th step, until completing the increase and decrease material composite manufacturing of all metal parts.
10. in a kind of utilization claim 1 to 8 Prototyping Metal Parts of any increase and decrease material composite manufacturing equipment method,
Characterized in that, the method is comprised the following steps：
A steps, according to Production requirement, are that each formation cylinder (8) distributes metal parts to be processed；Control system is by all metals
The CAD model of part cuts into slices to generate the M scanning track of scanning galvanometer system (22) in laser scanning generator (11)；
B step control systems recognize that each metal parts must apply the slicing layer of machining, and generate adding for milling cutter (4)
Work track；
C steps set up inertia in laser irradiation region domain using atmosphere regulatory component, without dust atmospheres；Rise all formation cylinders (8)
In substrate (16), make substrate (16) upper surface be located at scanning galvanometer system (22) focal plane；
D walks Powder spreader (7) and receives the metal dust that the first storage powder room (9) is provided, and from left to right successively in all shapings
Cylinder (8) upper surface lays has certain thickness metal powder layer；
M scanning galvanometer system (22) in e steps laser scanning generator (11) is from left to right successively to all formation cylinders (8)
The metal powder layer that upper surface lays implements selective laser fusing, and in the metal powder layer of leftmost side formation cylinder (8) upper surface
After completing selective laser fusing, all formation cylinders (8) upper surface is fused into successively from left to right using milling cutter (4)
The metal coupon layer of shape implements machining；
F steps vertically decline all substrates (16) and part slicing layer thickness identical distance；
G walks Powder spreader (7) and receives the metal dust that the second storage powder room (10) is provided, and from right-to-left successively in all shapings
Cylinder (8) upper surface lays has certain thickness metal powder layer；
M scanning galvanometer system (22) in h steps laser scanning generator (11) is from right-to-left successively to all formation cylinders (8)
The metal powder layer that upper surface lays implements selective laser fusing, and in the metal powder layer of rightmost side formation cylinder (8) upper surface
After completing selective laser fusing, all formation cylinders (8) upper surface is fused into successively from right-to-left using milling cutter (4)
The metal coupon layer of shape implements machining；
I-th step vertically declines all substrates (16) and part slicing layer thickness identical distance；
Jth step repeat step d walks the~the i-th step, until completing the increase and decrease material composite manufacturing of all metal parts.
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