CN106734303A - Double right angle channel continuous extrusion devices - Google Patents
Double right angle channel continuous extrusion devices Download PDFInfo
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- CN106734303A CN106734303A CN201611096126.9A CN201611096126A CN106734303A CN 106734303 A CN106734303 A CN 106734303A CN 201611096126 A CN201611096126 A CN 201611096126A CN 106734303 A CN106734303 A CN 106734303A
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- channel
- right angle
- angle channel
- extrusion chamber
- extrusion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/21—Presses specially adapted for extruding metal
- B21C23/212—Details
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/02—Making uncoated products
- B21C23/04—Making uncoated products by direct extrusion
- B21C23/08—Making wire, bars, tubes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C25/00—Profiling tools for metal extruding
- B21C25/02—Dies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C29/00—Cooling or heating work or parts of the extrusion press; Gas treatment of work
- B21C29/04—Cooling or heating of press heads, dies or mandrels
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of pair of right angle channel continuous extrusion device, it includes the second extrusion die(35), second extrusion die(35)Including the second extrusion chamber(36), second extrusion chamber(36)Front side is provided with the second feeding-passage(37)Four feed pressurization passages up and down(42), second extrusion chamber(36)Rear side is provided with center tapping channel(38), four feed pressurization passages(42)With the second extrusion chamber(36)Center line is in a certain angle, the center tapping channel(38)On be provided with the first right angle channel(39)With the second right angle channel(40), first right angle channel(39)With the second right angle channel(40)Inside it is provided with drift.The present invention realizes the consecutive production of Cu-Cr-Zr alloy contact line, without being influenceed by body of heater amount of capacity, can produce random length, meet the Cu-Cr-Zr alloy contact line of component requirements, disclosure satisfy that the demand of following Development of High Speed Railway.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of pair of right angle channel continuous extrusion device, it is mainly used in long length high-strength high-conductivity copper-chromium-zirconium
The consecutive production of contact line.
Background technology
With the development of electronic information technology, to the comprehensive performance requirement more and more higher of copper alloy conductive material,
It is asked to keep high intensity(Hardness), toughness, wearability while, still keep electric conductivity, thermal conductivity, cold resistance, nothing higher
The characteristics such as ferromagnetism.These excellent characteristics, make copper alloy be increasingly becoming electric power, information, traffic, the energy, light industry and space flight and navigate
The important meals material used in the high-tech areas such as sky.Many occasion seldom applications in the form of fine copper, because fine copper
Intensity it is relatively low(230~300 MPa)Although can reach 400 more than MPa after cold working, elongation is only 2%, is being added
When being used under heat or uniform temperature, its reinforcing effect is easy to disappear.So, fine copper be applicable only to the little electric power of stress,
Electrical equipment, the electric conductor of electronics, radiator, decoration etc..On the premise of some premium properties of fine copper are kept, improve as far as possible
The intensity of copper(Hardness)And wearability, immediately high-strength high-conductive copper alloy be gradually developed.
Current high-speed electric railway uses Cu-Mg, Cu-Sn alloyed contact line, and such wire rod is to lose conductance
Premised on, and ageing strengthening type copper alloy such as Cu-Cr-Zr etc., it is to separate out nanometer particle using ageing strengthening to improve material
Material intensity, and ensure that the intensity of material, such material has a matching relationship of prominent intensity and conductance, but such conjunction
There is production control difficulty, high cost, the production in enormous quantities difficult point such as quality is unstable in gold.
Cu-Cr-Zr alloy as a kind of high intensity, high connductivity, high softening temperature alloy material, its excellent performance by
It is widely used in many key areas of national economy.This material adds crome metal and metal zirconium, due to chromium with copper as base
Affinity with zirconium with oxygen under high melt casting condition is extremely strong, the easily voloxidation in melting and casting process, thus,
Production difficulty is larger.The method using vacuum melting and casting is generally needed, to reduce oxidation and volatilize, it is ensured that product
Finally there is satisfactory chemical composition.However, this kind of mode production cycle is long, due to being the casting of a stove one, length weight and
Shape is all restricted, and vacuum production cost is high, yield is small, it is difficult to set up serialization commercial production scale.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are directed to above-mentioned prior art, and to provide a kind of pair of right angle channel continuously extruded
Device, it realizes the consecutive production of Cu-Cr-Zr alloy contact line, without being influenceed by body of heater amount of capacity, can produce any
Length, the Cu-Cr-Zr alloy contact line for meeting component requirements, disclosure satisfy that the demand of following Development of High Speed Railway.
The present invention the used technical scheme that solves the above problems is:A kind of pair of right angle channel continuous extrusion device, it is wrapped
Include the second extrusion die, second extrusion die includes the second extrusion chamber, the second extrusion chamber front side is provided with the
Two feeding-passages and up and down four feed pressurization passages, the second extrusion chamber rear side are provided with center tapping channel,
Second feeding-passage and center tapping channel and the second extrusion chamber are located on same center line, four feed pressurizations
Passage is in a certain angle with the second extrusion chamber center line, and the first right angle channel and second are provided with the center tapping channel
Right angle channel, first right angle channel is located at the second right angle channel front side, first right angle channel and the second right angle channel
Inside it is provided with the drift with each Self Matching.
First right angle channel includes the first Vertical Channel and first level passage, and second right angle channel includes the
Two Vertical Channels and the second horizontal channel, first Vertical Channel, first level passage, the second Vertical Channel and the second water
Flat passage is in cross arrangement.
Center tapping channel outside is provided with reverse circulation cooling system, and the reverse circulation cooling system is located at the
One right angle channel and the second right angle channel front side.
Compared with prior art, the advantage of the invention is that:
1st, the present invention realizes the consecutive production of Cu-Cr-Zr alloy contact line, without being influenceed by body of heater amount of capacity, can give birth to
Produce random length, meet the Cu-Cr-Zr alloy contact line of component requirements, disclosure satisfy that the demand of following Development of High Speed Railway;
2nd, the present invention is continuously extruded using double right angle channels, and after can making copper alloy through large plastometric set, crystal grain is more uniform, more
Refinement is small.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is using antivacuum in a kind of production technology of long length high-strength high-conductivity copper-chromium-zirconium contact line of the invention
The structural representation of smelting apparatus.
Fig. 2 is traditional three bodies stove alloy composition structural representation pockety.
Fig. 3 is to connect online using in a kind of production technology of long length high-strength high-conductivity copper-chromium-zirconium contact line of the invention
The structural representation of continuous solution strengthening device.
Fig. 4 is to connect online using in a kind of production technology of long length high-strength high-conductivity copper-chromium-zirconium contact line of the invention
The structural representation of continuous granulating unit.
Fig. 5 is using single right angle in a kind of production technology of long length high-strength high-conductivity copper-chromium-zirconium contact line of the invention
The structural representation of passage continuous extrusion device.
Fig. 6 is a kind of pair of structural representation of right angle channel continuous extrusion device of the invention.
Fig. 7 is the A-A sectional views of Fig. 6.
Fig. 8 is the B-B sectional views of Fig. 6.
Fig. 9 is the C-C sectional views of Fig. 6.
Wherein:
All-in-one oven 1
Second body stove 2
3rd body stove 3
Interface channel 4
Graphite mace is from even device 5
Hot-wire coil 6
Feed intake passage 7
Feeding device 8
Cover plate 9
Argon gas import 10
Pressure regulator 11
Phosphorate carbon mouthful 12
Crystallizer 13
First outer cylinder body 14
Bell-type electromagnetic heater 15
First rotation steel cylinder 16
First charging aperture 17
First discharging opening 18
Second outer cylinder body 19
Water inlet 20
Delivery port 21
Water-cooling circulating system 22
Second charging aperture 23
Second discharging opening 24
Mesh plate 25
Second rotation steel cylinder 26
First extrusion die 27
First feeding-passage 28
Right angle tapping channel 29
First extrusion chamber 30
First rushes 31
Second rushes 32
3rd rushes 33
Water-cooling system 34
Second extrusion die 35
Second extruding cavity 36
Second feeding-passage 37
Center tapping channel 38
First right angle channel 39
First Vertical Channel 39.1
First level passage 39.2
Second right angle channel 40
Second Vertical Channel 40.1
Second horizontal channel 40.2
Reverse circulation cooling system 41
Feed pressurization passage 42.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiment.
A kind of production technology of the long length high-strength high-conductivity copper-chromium-zirconium contact line in the present embodiment, it includes following work
Skill step:
Step one, non-vacuum melting
Copper chromium is carried out to standard cathode copper, copper chromium intermediate alloy and copper zirconium intermediate alloy is delivered in non-vacuum melting device in proportion
The melting of zircaloy;
The structure of the non-vacuum melting device is as shown in figure 1, it includes all-in-one oven 1, the second body stove 2 and the 3rd body stove 3, institute
State and interface channel 4 is provided between the second body stove 2 and the 3rd body stove 3, the middle part of the interface channel 4 is provided with graphite mace certainly
Even device 5, the graphite mace is from the outside of interface channel 4 of the both sides of even device 5 around being equipped with hot-wire coil 6;
The top of the all-in-one oven 1 is provided with loading channel 7, the loading channel 7 and is provided with feeding device 8, described first
The front end of body stove 1 is provided with cover plate 9;
The all-in-one oven 1, the second body stove 2 and the top of the 3rd body stove 3 are provided with argon gas import 10 and pressure regulator 11;
The second body stove 2 and the top of the 3rd body stove 3 are provided with the carbon mouthful 12 that phosphorates;
The top of the 3rd body stove 3 is provided with upper lead conticaster, and the crystallizer 13 of the upper lead conticaster stretches into the 3rd body stove 3
It is interior;
In all-in-one oven, after feeding device adds material, the space above stove liquid(Argon gas room)It is interior full of argon gas, keep air pressure to exist
1.02 pressure-fireds of standard atmospheric pressure, if it exceeds 1.02 standard atmospheric pressures, pressure regulator is automatically releasable gas and automatically adjusts,
If air pressure, by the technology, can make stove water and air less than 1.02 pressure-fireds of standard atmospheric pressure, automatic inflating device applying argon gas
Isolation, and zirconium does not react with inert gas argon gas, so as to ensure that chromium does not react with zirconium with extraneous gas.Simultaneously
Aqueous vapor and other gases blowout the argon gas room on copper coin can be will be attached to.Until copper coin is added completely into all-in-one oven, close
Close cover plate.
In 3rd body stove, phosphorate carbon mouthful can plus good phosphorus piece and wooden carbon after close, the purpose of the carbon that phosphorates makes in furnace gas
Foreign gas can fully react, and reach deoxygenation, the purpose of dehydrogenation.In second body stove, it is similar to.The function phase of pressure regulator is same.
This step is in further innovation and the improvement of the basis of existing three bodies stove, because all-in-one oven and the second body stove pass through
After electromagnetic agitation, internal alloy composition distribution is still uneven, showing the characteristics of not only disperse but also gather, the alloy of a part
The concentration of composition is high, is distributed in jujube core shape many places, and the concentration of a part of alloying component is low, as shown in Figure 2;Cause this jujube core formula
The reason for distribution is the i.e. metal bond energy in stove liquid between the metal cation of solvent because the viscosity of alloying furnace liquid solvent is big
Height, the resistance of the diffusion of alloy elements of addition is big, and alloying element is not easy uniform diffusion, just as adding sesame in oil, though
So by stirring, but still can not uniformly spread, it is different from soluble in water uniformly the diffusion like that of sodium chloride and forms the molten of stabilization
Liquid.For solve the problems, such as alloying element uniformly spread, using stove water by the second body stove and the 3rd body stove interface channel when, increasing
Plus the vortex that hot-wire coil is produced is sufficiently stirred for, and by graphite mace from even device when, because graphite mace is from even
Under multiple spines effect on device, the alloying element stove water of jujube core formula can be broken and redistribute, and make addition alloying element equal
Homogenize.
Step 2, continuous up-casting
Cu-Cr-Zr alloy is prepared using Continuous Up casting mode and continuously casts bar;
Step 3, on-line continuous solution strengthening
Using on-line continuous solution strengthening device between 960 ~ 1000 DEG C on-line continuous solution strengthening 0.5 ~ 2 hour, then adopt
Room temperature is cooled to on-line continuous granulating unit;
As shown in figure 3, the on-line continuous solution strengthening device includes the first outer cylinder body 14, on the inwall of the first outer cylinder body 14
Bell-type electromagnetic heater 15 is provided with, first outer cylinder body 14 is provided centrally with the first rotation steel cylinder 16, outside described first
The upper and lower part of cylinder 14 is respectively arranged with the discharging opening 18 of first charging aperture 17 and first;
The top of first outer cylinder body 14 is additionally provided with argon gas import 10 and pressure regulator 11;
Cu-Cr-Zr alloy is continuously cast bar and is wound on the first rotation steel cylinder from after first charging aperture entrance, again from the after solution strengthening
One discharging opening is out;
The application uses bell-type electromagnetic heater, and unsuitable electricity consumption hinders heating, because resistance wire can not contact copper bar, with rotation
The copper alloy bar on steel cylinder for turning rubs, and can damage resistance wire, can only carry out heat transfer by gas, and as protection gas
Argon gas heat transfer property it is extremely low so that heating effect extreme difference;
During another advantage of bell-type electromagnetic heater is heat treatment process, temperature can be controlled in certain limit, but by
It is stronger in the heat conduction of air, cross-ventilation can be formed, so as to cause heat skewness, so as to cause to be heated element heating
It is uneven, so that it is uneven to be heated component temperature(Although copper alloy is the good conductor of heat, this non-uniform temperature shows
As still protruding), and the surrounding that device heating can be in heating element heater is utilized, along with the copper alloy on steel cylinder casts bar not
Stop rotation, copper alloy bar can be made uniformly to heat;
Make protection gas additionally, due to using argon gas, because the thermal conductivity of argon gas is low, can greatly reduce the convection current due to gas
The heat skewness weighing apparatus phenomenon of generation, so as to improve the uniformity of element heating;
The method that the copper bar of whole disk is carried out resistance heating by this device contrast tradition in a fixed manner, with great advantage.
As shown in figure 4, the on-line continuous granulating unit include the second outer cylinder body 19, the top of the second outer cylinder body 19 and
Bottom is respectively arranged with delivery port 21 and water inlet 20, and water-cooling circulating system 22 is provided with outside second outer cylinder body 19,
The water-cooling circulating system 22 is connected with water inlet 20 and delivery port 21 respectively by pipeline, in second outer cylinder body 19
Portion is provided with upper and lower two mesh plates 25, and upper and lower two mesh plates 25 are located between water inlet 20 and delivery port 21, described
The second rotation steel cylinder 26 is provided between upper and lower two mesh plates 25, second charging aperture 23 is provided with second outer cylinder body 19
With the second discharging opening 24, the discharging opening 24 of the second charging aperture 23 and second is located between upper and lower two mesh plates 25, and described the
Two charging apertures 23 are located at the top of the second discharging opening 24;
Continuous uniform water cooling, if not using mesh form, middle current can be more very fast than the water velocity at edge, thus can
Form copper bar water cooling uneven, so that there is larger difference in copper alloy internal organizational structure, if adopting mesh-structured water cooling,
Middle water velocity is not in laminar flow phenomenon, so as to reach the effect of continuous uniform water cooling, so that copper alloy is dry equal
Even cooling so that copper copper chromium zirconium inside group even structure.
Step 4, right angle channel are continuously extruded
Continuously extruded treatment is carried out using right angle channel continuous extrusion device, Cu-Cr-Zr alloy is obtained and is continuously contacted line bar base;
The continuous extrusion device has following two embodiments:
Embodiment one:
As shown in figure 5, the right angle channel continuous extrusion device includes the first extrusion die 27, first extrusion die 27 is wrapped
The first extrusion chamber 30 is included, the front side of first extrusion chamber 30 is provided with the first feeding-passage 28, first extrusion chamber
30 tops are provided with first and rush 31, second and rush 32 and the 3rd and rush 33, and described first rushes 31, second rushes 32 and the 3rd
The drift being provided with 33 with each Self Matching is rushed, described first rushes 31 is arranged in a vertical direction, and described second rushes 32
33 being rushed with the 3rd and being symmetrically arranged and rush 31 both sides in first, described first rushes 31 for two volumes, second punching
Road 32 and the 3rd rushes 33 for a volume, and described second rushes 32 and the 3rd rushes 33 in 120 ° of angles, the extrusion chamber
30 lower sections are provided with right angle tapping channel 29, and the right angle channel discharging opening 29 is rushed immediately below 31 positioned at first;
The outside of the right angle tapping channel 29 is provided with water-cooling system 34;
When continuous casting bar is expressed to cavity by continuous extruder, copper alloy is in soft state, is easy in cavity full of crowded
Pressure.When cavity full state, first rush in drift move downward(2 volumes), extruded, at the same time, extruding
Wheel 2 volumes of throat-fed, second rush and the 3rd rush in drift move back 1 volume respectively backward, so as to ensure cavity
All the time full state is in, and inserts is entered right angle channel, extruded, and cooled down.
When the drift in first rushes moves downward extruding to be completed, now second rush and the 3rd rush in drift
Retreat to top, at the same time start to be extruded downwards, extruding wheel charging 2 blanks of volume, first rush in drift to
2 volumes of backed off after random.Due to forming the process of reciprocation cycle, so as to reach the work for realizing that the passages such as long length right angle are continuously extruded
Skill;Second rush and the 3rd rush in drift making a concerted effort of being formed when being extruded, with first rush in drift extruded
The effect of power be equivalent.
Embodiment two:
As shown in Fig. 6 ~ Fig. 9, the right angle channel continuous extrusion device includes the second extrusion die 35, second extrusion die
35 include the second extrusion chamber 36, and the front side of second extrusion chamber 36 is provided with the second feeding-passage 37 and four up and down
The drift with each Self Matching, second extrusion chamber 36 are equipped with feed pressurization passage 42, each feed pressurization passage 42
Rear side is provided with center tapping channel 38, second feeding-passage 37 and 38 and second extrusion chamber of center tapping channel 36
In on same center line, four feed pressurization passages 42 are in a certain angle with the center line of the second extrusion chamber 36, it is described in
Two sections including before and after, the leading portion of center tapping channel 38 outside is provided with reverse circulation cooling system 41, center to heart tapping channel 38
The back segment of tapping channel 38 is provided with the first right angle channel 39 and the second right angle channel 40, and first right angle channel 39 is located at second
The front side of right angle channel 40;
First right angle channel 39 includes the first Vertical Channel 39.1 and first level passage 39.2, second right angle channel
40 include the second Vertical Channel 40.1 and the second horizontal channel 40.2, first Vertical Channel 39.1, first level passage
39.2nd, the second Vertical Channel 40.1 and the second horizontal channel 40.2 are in cross arrangement, the first Vertical Channel 39.1, the first water
The drift with each Self Matching is provided with flat passage 39.2, the second Vertical Channel 40.1 and the second horizontal channel 40.2.
Step 5, Ageing Treatment
Cu-Cr-Zr alloy contact line bar base after continuously extruded using Ageing Treatment device between 400 ~ 500 DEG C Ageing Treatment 3 ~
5 hours, room temperature is then cooled to using on-line continuous granulating unit;
The structure of the Ageing Treatment device is identical with solution strengthening device.
Step 6, cold drawn forming
Contact line bar base continuous to Cu-Cr-Zr alloy carries out multi-pass cold drawing, is made the continuous contact line of Cu-Cr-Zr alloy.
In addition to the implementation, present invention additionally comprises having other embodiment, all use equivalents or equivalence replacement
The technical scheme that mode is formed, all should fall within the scope of the hereto appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of pair of right angle channel continuous extrusion device, it is characterised in that:It includes the second extrusion die(35), described second squeezes
Compression mould(35)Including the second extrusion chamber(36), second extrusion chamber(36)Front side is provided with the second feeding-passage(37)
Four feed pressurization passages up and down(42), second extrusion chamber(36)Rear side is provided with center tapping channel
(38), second feeding-passage(37)With center tapping channel(38)With the second extrusion chamber(36)Positioned at same center line
On, four feed pressurization passages(42)With the second extrusion chamber(36)Center line is in a certain angle, and the center discharging is logical
Road(38)On be provided with the first right angle channel(39)With the second right angle channel(40), first right angle channel(39)Positioned at second
Right angle channel(40)Front side, first right angle channel(39)With the second right angle channel(40)Inside it is provided with and each Self Matching
Drift.
2. a kind of production technology of long length high-strength high-conductivity copper-chromium-zirconium contact line according to claim 7, its feature
It is:First right angle channel(39)Including the first Vertical Channel(39.1)With first level passage(39.2), described second
Right angle channel(40)Including the second Vertical Channel(40.1)With the second horizontal channel(40.2), first Vertical Channel
(39.1), first level passage(39.2), the second Vertical Channel(40.1)With the second horizontal channel(40.2)In cross cloth
Put.
3. a kind of production technology of long length high-strength high-conductivity copper-chromium-zirconium contact line according to claim 1, its feature
It is:The center tapping channel(38)Outside is provided with reverse circulation cooling system(41), the reverse circulation cooling system
(41)Positioned at the first right angle channel(39)With the second right angle channel(40)Front side.
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US3871201A (en) * | 1972-12-16 | 1975-03-18 | Sumitomo Electric Industries | Continuous hydrostatic extrusion-drawing apparatus |
SU1140870A1 (en) * | 1980-10-22 | 1985-02-23 | Завод-втуз при Московском автомобильном заводе им.И.А.Лихачева | Metod of machining metals |
CN101342547A (en) * | 2008-08-19 | 2009-01-14 | 河海大学 | Automatized continuous processing equipment for T shaped corner extrusion press and its processing method |
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CN103643189A (en) * | 2013-11-27 | 2014-03-19 | 山东建筑大学 | Hot-extrusion method for preparing tungsten alloy nano material by using channel mould cavity in cross shape or the like |
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