CN106718108B - Method for rapidly propagating common head cabbage by using grafting technology - Google Patents
Method for rapidly propagating common head cabbage by using grafting technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN106718108B CN106718108B CN201611272812.7A CN201611272812A CN106718108B CN 106718108 B CN106718108 B CN 106718108B CN 201611272812 A CN201611272812 A CN 201611272812A CN 106718108 B CN106718108 B CN 106718108B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for rapidly propagating common head cabbage by utilizing grafting technology, which comprises the steps of firstly selecting proper scions and stocks, adopting a grafting mode of a bud grafting method, creating a whole environment with moisture preservation, heat preservation and strong illumination after grafting, carrying out proper management after axillary buds of the scions and the common head cabbage turn green, and finally carrying out rooting and transplanting on the common head cabbage. The invention is easy to bolt the flowering Chinese cabbage, the operation of grafting the flowering Chinese cabbage on the rachis is simpler and more convenient than that of grafting the flowering Chinese cabbage on the shortened stem, and the flowering Chinese cabbage is easy to form side shoots, thereby providing more stock sources. The bud grafting method is adopted, the operation is relatively simple, the pollution flow is reduced, and the survival rate of the scions can be improved. After grafting, white axillary buds of the common head cabbage are irradiated by strong light, so that the white axillary buds can be induced to form chlorophyll, and the grafting survival rate is improved. The simple funnel-shaped rooting device made of the tinfoil paper can create a moisturizing environment, is easy to induce rooting and improves the survival rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vegetable grafting, in particular to a method for rapidly propagating common head cabbages by using a grafting technology.
Background
Common head cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.var. capitata) is an annual or biennial herb of Brassica of Brassicaceae, and is an important vegetable crop. In order to meet the increasing demands of people on the yield and quality of common head cabbage, the improvement of the agronomic characters of the common head cabbage is the key point of long-term work of breeding experts. At present, sexual hybridization is still an important way for improving and breeding new varieties of common head cabbage. However, common head cabbage belongs to a typical green vernalization type plant, the seed germination stage can not sense low temperature, and the low temperature can be sensed only when the plant grows to a certain size, so that the common head cabbage is subjected to bolting and flowering again in the vernalization stage. Therefore, the vernalization time of the common head cabbage is longer, and the phenomenon of late bolting or no bolting is frequently encountered in the breeding of the common head cabbage. The non-bolting head cabbage parents will die in the following high temperature climate if not specially treated. The method is a common method for preserving important common head cabbage strains at present, wherein common head cabbage which does not bolt is generally taken and subjected to tissue culture in a laboratory for regeneration, and tissue culture seedlings are transplanted to the field after 9 months. However, in the tissue culture of wild and field common head cabbage as the explant, the pollution problem of the explant often occurs, the explant needs to be disinfected by using a highly toxic medicine mercuric chloride, and the mercuric chloride is a controlled medicine of the ministry of public security at present, and the acquisition of the mercuric chloride is very complicated. In addition, tissue culture requires high operator requirements and needs to be performed under sterile experimental conditions. Therefore, a novel, simple and easy-to-innovate, efficient and cheap method and technology for quickly propagating common head cabbage are urgently needed.
Grafting (grafting), one of the artificial vegetative propagation methods of plants, is realized by using the function of wound healing after the plants are injured. During grafting, the cambium layers of the two wounded surfaces are close and tied together, and as a result, the cambium layers are healed into a whole body with connected vascular tissues due to cell proliferation. In the production practice, grafting has important significance for variety improvement and economic value improvement. Grafting is also of great significance to the propagation of some vegetables which are not easy to produce seeds. The grafting can not only keep the excellent characters of the scion variety, but also utilize the favorable characteristics of the stock to achieve the purposes of enhancing the stress resistance and the disease and insect pest resistance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for quickly propagating common head cabbage by using a grafting technology, which is simple and easy to implement; the method is characterized in that axillary buds of the small common head cabbage are grafted onto a stock, then the small common head cabbage roots at a proper time point and is transplanted into a field for planting, so that the common head cabbage is grafted and rapidly propagated by utilizing the characteristic that the axillary buds in the common head cabbage are more, and the problem of preservation of important common head cabbage strains which do not bolt and bloom is solved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
s1, selecting scions and rootstocks: axillary buds of the common head cabbage are selected as scions, sufficient scion sources can be guaranteed, and one common head cabbage comprises about 30 axillary buds; the bolting of the flowering Chinese cabbage is easy, the side bolting is easy, and the inflorescence axis of the flowering Chinese cabbage is selected as the stock, so that sufficient stock sources can be ensured;
s2, preparation and grafting mode before grafting: before grafting, sowing a stock material, namely a bolt, until the bolt is bolting for later use; cutting off axillary buds of the common head cabbage at an angle of 45 degrees by using a scalpel, and selecting a main bolt or a thicker lateral bolt from the stock; removing flowers of the rootstock flowering Chinese cabbage, cutting a notch with an angle of 45 degrees on a proper rachis, inserting the cut axillary buds into the notch on the rachis, winding by using a sealing film, and fixing by using a clamp;
s3, creating appropriate growth conditions: the stable constant-temperature and constant-humidity overall environment is created, the scion and the stock can be promoted to heal, the survival rate is improved, the axillary buds of the scion are irradiated with strong light, the axillary buds can be promoted to turn from white to green, and the turning of the axillary buds to green is a key step for survival.
S4, growth management: after axillary buds of the common head cabbages turn green, timely topdressing is carried out, growth of the axillary buds is facilitated, in order to ensure that the scions receive sufficient illumination, invalid branches and leaves of the rootstock flowering Chinese cabbage need to be frequently picked off, the phenomenon that the sunshine of the axillary buds of the scions is shielded by the invalid branches and leaves to influence the growth of the scions is prevented, clamps are removed after the scions survive, and attention is paid to prevention and control of plant diseases and insect pests;
s5, rooting induction and transplanting: after the scions are unfolded with 2 leaves, a funnel shape is formed by surrounding the grafting part with tinfoil paper or plastic paper with the width of 20-30mm, matrix is put into the tinfoil paper and watered to form roots, the tinfoil paper is taken down, the scions are cut off and transplanted into a new seedling pot.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
first, the cabbage has excellent affinity for grafting of the flowering cabbage. The head cabbage in head state contains many axillary buds, which can provide sufficient scion source. And the bolting is easy, compared with the shortened stem, the grafting operation is simpler and more convenient, and the bolting is easy to form a side bolting, thereby providing more stock sources. Because the axillary buds of the common head cabbage are very small, the cleft grafting method is complicated in grafting operation and easy to pollute. The bud grafting method is relatively simple, the pollution process is reduced, and the survival rate of the scions is greatly improved. After grafting, the white axillary buds of the common head cabbage are given strong illumination, so that the white axillary buds can be induced to form chlorophyll, and the survival rate is improved. The simple funnel-shaped rooting device made of the tinfoil paper can create a moisturizing environment, is easy to induce rooting and improves the survival rate.
Detailed Description
In order that the objects and advantages of the invention will be more clearly understood, the invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for rapidly propagating common head cabbages by using a grafting technology, which comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting scions and rootstocks: axillary buds of the common head cabbage are selected as scions, sufficient scion sources can be guaranteed, and one common head cabbage comprises about 30 axillary buds; the bolting of the flowering Chinese cabbage is easy, the side bolting is easy, and the inflorescence axis of the flowering Chinese cabbage is selected as the stock, so that sufficient stock sources can be ensured;
s2, preparation and grafting mode before grafting: before grafting, sowing a stock material, namely a bolt, until the bolt is bolting for later use; cutting off axillary buds of the common head cabbage at an angle of 45 degrees by using a scalpel, and selecting a main bolt or a thicker lateral bolt from the stock; removing flowers of the rootstock flowering Chinese cabbage, cutting a notch with an angle of 45 degrees on a proper rachis, inserting the cut axillary buds into the notch on the rachis, winding by using a sealing film, and fixing by using a clamp;
s3, creating appropriate growth conditions: the stable constant-temperature and constant-humidity overall environment is created, the scion and the stock can be promoted to heal, the survival rate is improved, the axillary buds of the scion are irradiated with strong light, the axillary buds can be promoted to turn from white to green, and the turning of the axillary buds to green is a key step for survival.
S4, growth management: after axillary buds of the common head cabbages turn green, timely topdressing is carried out, growth of the axillary buds is facilitated, in order to ensure that the scions receive sufficient illumination, invalid branches and leaves of the rootstock flowering Chinese cabbage need to be frequently picked off, the phenomenon that the sunshine of the axillary buds of the scions is shielded by the invalid branches and leaves to influence the growth of the scions is prevented, clamps are removed after the scions survive, and attention is paid to prevention and control of plant diseases and insect pests;
s5, rooting induction and transplanting: after the scions are unfolded with 2 leaves, a funnel shape is formed by surrounding the grafting part with tinfoil paper or plastic paper with the width of 20-30mm, matrix is put into the tinfoil paper and watered to form roots, the tinfoil paper is taken down, the scions are cut off and transplanted into a new seedling pot.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be construed as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A method for rapidly propagating common head cabbage by using a grafting technology is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, selecting scions and rootstocks: axillary buds of the common head cabbage are selected as scions, sufficient scion sources can be guaranteed, and one common head cabbage comprises about 30 axillary buds;
s2, preparation and grafting mode before grafting: before grafting, sowing a stock material, namely a bolt, until the bolt is bolting for later use; cutting off axillary buds of the common head cabbage at an angle of 45 degrees by using a scalpel, and selecting a main bolt or a thicker lateral bolt from the stock; removing flowers of the rootstock flowering Chinese cabbage, cutting a notch with an angle of 45 degrees on a proper rachis, inserting the cut axillary buds into the notch on the rachis, winding by using a sealing film, and fixing by using a clamp;
s3, creating appropriate growth conditions: a stable constant-temperature and constant-humidity overall environment is created, and the axillary buds of the scions are irradiated with strong light, so that the axillary buds can be promoted to turn from white to green;
s4, growth management: after axillary buds of the common head cabbages turn green, topdressing is carried out in time, invalid branches and leaves of the rootstock flowering Chinese cabbage need to be frequently picked off to prevent the invalid branches and leaves from shading sunlight of the axillary buds of the scions to influence the growth of the scions, clamps are removed after the axillary buds of the scions survive, and attention is paid to prevention and control of plant diseases and insect pests;
s5, rooting induction and transplanting: after the scion is unfolded with 2 leaves, a funnel shape is formed by surrounding the grafting part with tinfoil paper or plastic paper with the width of 20-30mm, the funnel shape is fixed by a clamp, matrix is put into the tinfoil paper and watered to form roots, the tinfoil paper is taken down, the scion is cut off and transplanted into a new seedling pot.
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| CN107094511B (en) * | 2017-07-04 | 2019-05-28 | 西南林业大学 | A kind of stem apex gemmule grafting puncture method |
| CN108307832A (en) * | 2018-03-02 | 2018-07-24 | 浙江省农业科学院 | A method of it is bloomed using grafting induction cabbage bolting under the conditions of artificial climate |
| CN108260426B (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2020-05-19 | 北京农学院 | Grafting method for flower plant scarlet sage |
| CN112314360B (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2023-06-20 | 山东省农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Method for grafting and breeding production seeds of Chinese cabbage by utilizing radish shoots and Chinese cabbage shoots |
| CN113950977B (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-10-04 | 潍坊市农业科学院(山东省农业科学院潍坊市分院) | Method for improving Chinese cabbage germplasm creation efficiency |
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