CN106718061A - The composite cultivation method of dictyophora phalloidea is planted under a kind of mao bamboon - Google Patents
The composite cultivation method of dictyophora phalloidea is planted under a kind of mao bamboon Download PDFInfo
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- CN106718061A CN106718061A CN201611229333.7A CN201611229333A CN106718061A CN 106718061 A CN106718061 A CN 106718061A CN 201611229333 A CN201611229333 A CN 201611229333A CN 106718061 A CN106718061 A CN 106718061A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of composite cultivation method that dictyophora phalloidea is planted under mao bamboon, comprise the following steps：（1）Place election；（2）The selection of dictyophora phalloidea bacterium culture medium, breeding strain, cultigen expand numerous；（3）Compost is selected and treatment；（4）Site preparation and sowing；（5）Hair bacterium and management of producing mushroom；（6）Harvesting.Cultural method of the present invention improves dictyophora phalloidea nutritional quality；Using the idle land area of sylvan life, and it is not take up farmland area；Fully accomplish bamboo grove recycling waste, save dictyophora phalloidea planting cost；Dictyophora phalloidea bacterium can degrade sylvan life dry branches and fallen leaves, promote the bamboo grove ecological balance, be conducive to growth, and with a large amount of remaining matrix residual forest lands, can improve forest land soil fertility.
Description
Technical field
A kind of composite cultivation side the invention belongs to plant dictyophora phalloidea under technical field of crop cultivation, more particularly to mao bamboon
Method.
Background technology
Mao bamboon（Phyllostachys heterocycla）It is the grass family scattered type aiphyllium of Bambusoideae Phyllostachys single shaft
Shape bamboo plant（Scattered bamboos）, it is distributed mainly on the provinces and regions such as Fujian, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan on the south China the Changjiang river.
Mao bamboon economic worth is high, has a wide range of application, easily cultivation, cycle is short, and wide adaptation range is the one of the economic double purposes bamboo in subtropical zone
Part.Dictyophora phalloidea is a kind of fungi parasitic in withered bamboo root, its beautiful outward appearance and abundant nutritive value, since ancient times, is made
Dictyophora phalloidea turns into precious precious deposits, is referred to as " mountain delicacy ", " mushroom queen ", the good reputation of " bacterium of flower ", wherein " lotus dictyophora phalloidea soup " is just
Gained the name since the Tang Dynasty and be extended down to today.Determined through modern technologies, dictyophora phalloidea contains 19 kinds of amino acid, and often to eat has preventing and treating abdominal muscle with dictyophora phalloidea
The effect such as repertory, obesity, diabetes, cancer and hypotensive of fat, by nutritionist's reputation is food and medicament dual-purpose health care food
Product.
Extensively, its economic worth is high, widely used, growth cycle is short and wide adaptation range for mao bamboon Distribution Area, is sub- heat
The Important Economic double purposes bamboo kind of band and part Mid-subtropical regions.In recent years, with China rural laborer aging and
Labor cost is significantly increased, and the enthusiasm that peasant cultivates mao bamboo woods increasingly declines, and development mao bamboon forest economy is lifting bamboo grove
The important channel of overall economic efficiency.Because mao bamboon clear bole height is higher（More than 3 meters）, make its sylvan life that there is more preferable soil space
To meet the demand of artificial growth dictyophora phalloidea.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of composite cultivation method that dictyophora phalloidea is planted under mao bamboon.
The composite cultivation method of dictyophora phalloidea, including following methods are planted under a kind of mao bamboon：
Step（1）Place election
Place election select leeward moisturizing, have abundant water resources, draining is good, depth of humus layer is thicker, gentle, empty with plantation
Between bamboo stand, thickness of soil 40-100cm, pH value 5.5-6.5,2700 plants or so of density of bamboo forest per hectare, the woods of mao bamboo woods
Divide canopy density 0.6-0.7；
Step（2）The selection of dictyophora phalloidea bacterium culture medium, breeding strain, cultigen expand numerous
Step（2a）The culture of Cultivation of Dictyophora parent species
Prepare within 4 months before field cultivating Cultivation of Dictyophora pedigree seed culture medium, dictyophora phalloidea strain selection Cultivation of Dictyophora parent species；Dictyophora phalloidea strain is female
Plant and obtain Cultivation of Dictyophora original seed after Cultivation of Dictyophora mother culture media cultivates 16d；
Step（2b）The culture of Cultivation of Dictyophora original seed
Cultivation of Dictyophora original seed is produced；Cultivation of Dictyophora original seed is obtained after cultivating 62-66d in Cultivation of Dictyophora pedigree seed culture medium
Cultivation of Dictyophora cultigen；
Step（2c）The culture of Cultivation of Dictyophora cultigen
The expansion for starting Cultivation of Dictyophora cultigen before field cultivating for 2 months is numerous, and large area production is carried out to Cultivation of Dictyophora cultigen, and
60-80d is interior for planting after inoculation for Cultivation of Dictyophora cultigen；
Step（3）Compost is selected and treatment
Per 667m2It is equipped with a compost；Every part of compost includes siccative 2500kg, urea 25kg, calcium superphosphate 50kg, modified
Starch 25kg, precipitated calcium carbonate 50kg；2500kg siccatives include mao bamboon branches and leaves 1250kg, mao bamboon bits 1250kg, and mao bamboon branches and leaves
Pile up separately is considered to be worth doing with mao bamboon；
During composting siccative, then bottom mao bamboon branches and leaves 30cm or mao bamboon bits 20cm spreads last layer urea, precipitated calcium carbonate, mistake
Calcium phosphate, modified starch, and a small amount of water is poured, one layer of mao bamboon branches and leaves or one layer of mao bamboon bits are then repaved, thickness 50cm spreads again above
Last layer urea, precipitated calcium carbonate, calcium superphosphate, gypsum simultaneously pour a small amount of water to stack layers surface wettability, by that analogy, heap 3
~4 layers, heap 1.5~1.8m high pours 60kg water after culture stockpile is good by every 100kg siccatives, and it is 60%, heap to keep stockpile water content
Surface covers one layer of black plastic film and heats moisturizing after material, 3 heaps once, is altogether turned over excavator turning every 15 days, during turning
It is required that accomplish the mutual reversing of position of upper and lower, inside and outside substrate material, make substrate material up and down, inside and outside ferment uniformity.Composting 60 days
Mao bamboon branches and leaves fermentation raw material or mao bamboon bits fermentation raw material is obtained；It is required that after fermentation windrow is soft, browning, savory；
Step（4）Site preparation and sowing
Ted in advance, place of sterilizing, the whole furrow in level land, start by the end of March according to mao bamboo woods space distribution build hollow bed, deep 25cm is wide
50cm, length is arranged concretely according to mao bamboon spatial distribution, and trench digging such as runs into Bamboo whip or subterranean stem will be cut off and excavate, and surrounding is pressed
Gutter is held successfully according to along slope direction, be easy to draining.Every 667 m2Hair sylvan life dictyophora phalloidea land used about 200-300m2；Cultivation of Dictyophora cultigen
Consumption be 0.5-1kg/m2, cultivation base material will suction water before laying, amount of water with hand firmly grasp substrate material slightly water ooze out for
Standard, water content 60-70%, the fermentation raw material of layer overlay 8-10cm, layer overlay Cultivation of Dictyophora cultigen continues to spread one layer of 8-
The fermentation raw material of 10cm, repaves one layer of Dictyophora indusiata Cultivation kind, is slightly compacted after repaving one layer of fermentation raw material of 8-10cm, gross thickness 30cm
Left and right, piles turtleback, after planting bamboo scraps substrate material surface covering hack, soil layer thickness 3-5cm.Earthing should be loose planting site
Table soil, soil moisture content 20-25% or so, then lid thin film is with heat and moisture preserving；And the paving mode of fermentation raw material is lower floor
Laying mao bamboon branches and leaves fermentation material, upper strata laying mao bamboon bits fermentation material；The consumption of mao bamboon branches and leaves fermentation material is 6.67kg/m2, mao bamboon
The consumption for considering fermentation material to be worth doing is 8.33 kg/m2；
Film is after planting taken off under normal temperature daily to divulge information 30 minutes, 30d or so is cultivated, mycelia climbs up compost, can be on hollow bed
Film is opened and removed；
（5）Hair bacterium and management of producing mushroom
Spraying and moisturizing is after planting noted under normal temperature daily, 25-35d is cultivated, mycelia climbs up compost, and fruiting phase compost contains
Water is advisable with 60%, overburden soil water content>40%, relative air humidity>85%；Each spraying 1 time, rainy day sooner or later of fruiting phase fine day
Answer timely draining；
（6）Harvesting
To skirt is spread in morning 7-10, the dictyophora phalloidea of parachute-opening will pluck the broken flower bud of dictyophora phalloidea in time, gently hold in the palm dictyophora phalloidea bottom during harvesting with hand,
Cut-out shoestring, it is impossible to the related extraction of shoestring, in case influence growth, reduces yield, it should be noted that volva and cap are peeled off, with
Exempt from its mucus pollution stem and indusium, the cap of stripping, volva can not be lost in dictyophora phalloidea furrow soil, and the dictyophora phalloidea of harvesting will be in order
Neatly it is placed in large bamboo or wicker basket, keeps clean, should not fractures, break skirt, sludge, and put oven for drying rapidly.
Step（2a）In, Cultivation of Dictyophora mother culture media uses modified attapulgite hybrid protein culture medium, according to weight fraction
Including：Modified 200 parts of attapulgite hybrid, 2 parts of peptone, 20 parts of sucrose, KH2PO41 part, MgSO41 part, 20 parts of agar, water 1000
Part, pH value 5-6；The preparation method of modified attapulgite hybrid is as follows：Attapulgite hybrid is calcined 2h at 415 DEG C, is subsequently adding 1mol/L's
H2SO4After be put into ebuillition of heated 2h in water-bath, wherein, according to weight ratio, attapulgite hybrid：H2SO4=1：10；Then in being washed to
Property after be put into and bake and bank up with earth 106 DEG C of constant temperature drying 7d in case, finally sealed is preserved.
Step（2b）In, Cultivation of Dictyophora pedigree seed culture medium, by mass percentage, wood sawdust 74%, wheat bran 20%, analysis for soybean powder
3%, modified starch 1.5%, white sugar 1.5%, water content 65%.
Step（3）In, the modified starch, with three-dimensional net structure, the skeleton of network is starch；The system of modified starch
Preparation Method is as follows, is added toward flask and weighs acrylic acid 60g, is subsequently adding nitrogen and is stirred continuously, in driving flask away
Air, then toward adding in flask 26% sodium hydroxide solution to carry out neutralization reaction, stirring is cooled to after normal temperature the shallow lake for adding 12g
Powder, the zeolite powder of 1g, the oyster shell whiting of 1g, stir, and are subsequently adding 0.67g initiator potassium persulfates, 0.17g crosslinking agent MBA,
Isothermal reaction 2h, then stirs and adds 25% ammoniacal liquor to be neutralized until pH is 7 to translucent viscous fluid, then releases nitrogen
Gas；Dried at 80 DEG C ~ 100 DEG C to constant weight, then crushed with after powder, obtain modified starch.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1. dictyophora phalloidea nutritional quality is improve：Wild state dictyophora phalloidea is imitated under mao bamboo woods comprising in addition to 8 kinds of essential amino acids that human body needs
（Methionine Met, tryptophan Trp are not detected）, also contain the baby such as arginine Arg, histidine essential amino acid and
A little local flavor amino acid.Its amino acid content is generally higher than the dictyophora phalloidea of field planting.The protein that wild dictyophora phalloidea is imitated under mao bamboo woods contains
Measure is 29.73%, hence it is evident that higher than the 20.03% of crop field dictyophora phalloidea；Fungi polysaccharide is a kind of with different physiological roles and Development volue
Active polysaccharide, there is significant health-care efficacy to human body, under mao bamboo woods imitate wild dictyophora phalloidea soluble sugar content be 11.48%,
And crop field dictyophora phalloidea only has 9.11%..Although dictyophora phalloidea can be guaranteed in yield under understanding different mode by contrast, bamboo
Sweet-smelling grass quality or discrepant, occupies certain advantage in market sale；
2. using the land area that sylvan life is idle, and farmland area is not take up：In recent years, as China rural laborer is aged
Change and labor cost be significantly increased, the enthusiasm that peasant cultivates mao bamboo woods increasingly declines, and space availability ratio is relatively low under mao bamboo woods,
Therefore, the technical program selects the bamboo grove in access expansion habitat to do ridge-up bed by using sylvan life free time land resource, with the bamboo of fermentation
Slag does compost, carries out bunch planting or drilling.Due to being covered with the bamboo left after felling stake and old bamboo whip in Soils In The Stands of Ph. Pubescens, by bacterium
The infection of silk, can accelerate bamboo stake and the decomposition of old bamboo whip, improve the physicochemical property of Bamboo Soil；
3. fully accomplish bamboo grove recycling waste, save dictyophora phalloidea planting cost：Moso bamboo shoot-dictyophora phalloidea Compound Management mould
Formula is main to interplant dictyophora phalloidea using shaded effects natural under mao bamboo woods with taking bamboo crumbs as raw material, not only on cost of material fully
The useless leftover bits and pieces of the existing bamboo resource in mountain area and bamboo and wood processing factory is make use of, the planting cost of peasant is reduced, it is covert to improve
Bamboo grove forest economy benefit, and eliminate it is traditional must build the sunshade mode of production, greatly reduce dictyophora phalloidea production work
Sequence, reduces dictyophora phalloidea production cost；Additionally, the remaining stroma after dictyophora phalloidea growth terminates is the optimal natural organic fertilizer material of bamboo grove, fill
Divide and utilize resource, so as to form an ecologic planting pattern for benign cycle；
4. dictyophora phalloidea bacterium can degrade sylvan life dry branches and fallen leaves, promote the bamboo grove ecological balance, be conducive to growth, particularly bamboo shoots
Growth, and with a large amount of remaining matrix residual forest lands, forest land soil fertility can be improved：After mao bamboon underwood planting dictyophora phalloidea, available phosphorus without
In 0-15cm or in 15-30cm all it is increased year by year by being；Soil with organic matter content before plantation dictyophora phalloidea than also substantially increasing
Plus；Water-disintegrable nitrogen content persistently rises in 0-15c soil layers with implantation time in soil, and then with plantation in 15-30c soil layers
The 1st year afterwards increases up to peak, then begins to.Available potassium is either after 0-15cm is still plantation in 15-30cm
Increase up within 1st year peak, subsequent rapid decrease, and less than the content before dictyophora phalloidea plantation.The content of calcium, magnesium elements in soil
Also substantially increase, the content of sodium element is then significantly reduced.Managed by bamboo shoots and dictyophora phalloidea strain is planted, make soil fertilizer under mao bamboo woods
Power is greatly improved, and soil quality is obviously improved, and bamboo grove leaf is dense, and leaf color is dense, and growth is also significantly better than
Control.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that acid phosphatase and Thick many candies change over time figure；
Fig. 2 be different times mao bamboo woods under dictyophora phalloidea germinating dynamics and its with Relationship between temperature figure in woods.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to embodiment.
Embodiment：Step（1）Place election
The mao bamboo woods of place election Zhejiang area, place election select leeward moisturizing, have abundant water resources, draining is good, soil humic
Matter layer is thicker, gentle, bamboo stand with plantation space, and thickness of soil 40-100cm, pH value 5.5-6.5, mao bamboo woods are close
Spend the standing forest of 2700 plants or so of per hectare, canopy density 0.6-0.7 or so；
Step（2）The selection of dictyophora phalloidea bacterium culture medium, breeding strain, cultigen expand numerous
Step（2a）The culture of Cultivation of Dictyophora parent species
Prepare within 4 months before field cultivating Cultivation of Dictyophora pedigree seed culture medium, dictyophora phalloidea strain selection Cultivation of Dictyophora parent species.Cultivation of Dictyophora is female
Kind, the emerging agriculture A provided by Fujian Province's Yong'an City southwest fungal studies3Number, D1Number, D89Number Cultivation of Dictyophora parent species.Cultivation of Dictyophora
Mother culture media is included using modified attapulgite hybrid protein culture medium according to weight fraction：Modified 200 parts of attapulgite hybrid, peptone 2
Part, 20 parts of sucrose, KH2PO41 part, MgSO4 1 part, 20 parts of agar, 1000 parts of water, pH value 5-6.
The preparation method of modified attapulgite hybrid is as follows：Attapulgite hybrid is calcined 2h at 415 DEG C, is subsequently adding the H of 1mol/L2SO4Afterwards
Ebuillition of heated 2h in water-bath is put into, wherein, according to weight ratio, attapulgite hybrid：H2SO4=1：10；Then it is put into after being washed to neutrality
106 DEG C of constant temperature drying 7d in case are baked and banked up with earth, finally sealed is preserved.
Above-mentioned attapulgite hybrid, buys from Changzhou Jiuchuan Nano Material Technology Co., Ltd..
Attapulgite hybrid (Attapulgite), is a kind of clay mineral of zeopan containing Shuifu County for having chain layer structure.It is concavo-convex
Native form is in hair-like or threadiness, usually woollen blanket shape or earthy aggregate.Due to the unique crystal structure of attapulgite hybrid, it is allowed to
With many special materializations and processing performance, main physical and chemical performance and processing performance have：Cation interchangeability, water imbibition,
Adsorption bleaching, big specific surface area（9.6~36m2/g）And colloid index and expansion capacity.Attapulgite hybrid, it is almost all over the world each
Ground, with low cost, then natural attapulgite hybrid impurity content is more, limits its commercial Application.
Basal culture medium, as main base, make use of physical and chemical performance using attapulgite hybrid, most cation, hydrone and certain
The organic molecule of size can adsorb the concave convex groove on penetrating via or surface in the layer of attapulgite hybrid.By modification it
Attapulgite hybrid afterwards, the characteristics of show loose porous, so that more suitable for the carrier for peptone and agar etc..
Modified attapulgite hybrid protein culture medium, is presented subacidity, is conducive to increasing various nutrient availabilities.It is modified concavo-convex
Soil itself is presented neutral, and influence is nearly free from for matrix pH value after addition.And after adding modified attapulgite hybrid, matrix is held
Outlet capacity significantly rises, and the adsorption capacity of nutrient is also further improved.
Dictyophora phalloidea strain parent species obtain Cultivation of Dictyophora original seed after cultivating 16d.
The comparative analysis of this step is as follows, and Cultivation of Dictyophora mother culture media has：
PDA culture medium (S1)：Potato 200g, sucrose 20g, agar 20g, water 1000ml, pH nature；
Modified attapulgite hybrid protein culture medium (S2)：Modified attapulgite hybrid 200g, peptone 2g, sucrose 20g, KH2PO41g, MgSO4
1g, agar 20g, water 1000ml, pH value 5-6；
Carrot soybean powder medium (S3)：Carrot 200g, analysis for soybean powder 20g, sucrose 20g, KH2PO4 1g, MgSO4 1g, agar
20g, water 1000ml, pH value 5-6；
By three kinds of dictyophora phalloidea bacterial strains（A1：Cultivation of Dictyophora A3Number；A2：Cultivation of Dictyophora D1Number；A3：Cultivation of Dictyophora D89Number）Parent species difference
Introduce and 3 kinds of different culture medias are housed（S1、S2、S3）Test tube center.Using RANDOMIZED BLOCK DESIGN, 10 test tubes of every kind for the treatment of, 5
Secondary repetition.Cultivated at being 22~25 DEG C in temperature, after inoculated and cultured 2,4,6,8,10d, measure Hyphal length, obtain mycelia
Speed of growth takes out mycelium after inoculated and cultured 14d, determines mycelia activity.Record mycelia starts the material feeding time and mycelia opens
Beginning covers with the number of days of full bag.
Activity of acid phosphatase is determined：1-2 grams of mycelia is weighed, slurry is ground to form in mortar with 3ml Extraction buffers, then use
7ml Extraction buffers are rinsed, in being transferred to centrifuge tube → be centrifuged under 4000 revs/min 10 minutes → suction out supernatant, as
Enzyme preparation.Then be placed in refrigerator store it is standby → take enzyme preparation 0.1-1ml (depending on enzyme content is how many), add water to 1ml,
It is subsequently adding acetate buffer solution 1ml and paranitrophenol sodium radio-phosphate,P-32 solution 0.1ml.Blank is replaced with 1ml Extraction buffers
After enzyme preparation → be sufficiently mixed, be placed in 30 DEG C of waters bath with thermostatic control and be incubated 10 minutes, when and shake → add 1ml 0.5M
NaOH solution, is sufficiently mixed, terminating reaction, and makes the paranitrophenol of generation in yellow, then the densitometric under 400nm wavelength
Value.
Thick many candies content：Determined using anthrone colorimetry.
Data process＆analysis
According to edible fungus species viability examination technical specification (DB35/T 1233-2011) to parent species, original seed, cultigen growth shape
Condition is counted.
Analysis of experimental data is carried out with the statistical softwares of Excel 2003 and mapping is arranged, using the softwares of SPSS 19.0 to reality
Testing data carries out correlation analysis.The comparing of average of samples is carried out using the T methods of inspection, is not existed together with one-way analysis of variance
Difference between reason culture medium and between same treatment strain, and Multiple range test is carried out with LSD methods, experimental data is average value
± standard deviation.
Interpretation of result
It can be seen from edible fungus species viability examination technical specification (DB35/T 1233-2011) and the result of table 1,3 kinds of Cultivation of Dictyophora
Individual growth on culture medium S1, S2 is good, and 16d can cover with test tube after inoculation；Lifes of the strain A1 on 3 kinds of culture mediums
Speed long is significantly lower than strain A2 and strain A3, illustrates that this 3 kinds of culture mediums are not suitable for the culture of strain A1.Strain A2 exists
Mycelial growth effect on S3 and S2 culture mediums is substantially better than S1 culture mediums, and mycelial growths of the strain A3 on S2 culture mediums is imitated
Fruit is better than S1 culture mediums.And in terms of strain selection, it is proposed that selection Cultivation of Dictyophora D1And D89.After dictyophora phalloidea strain parent species cultivate 16d
Can be used for seed production.
1 kind of comparing of dictyophora phalloidea bacterial strain speed of growth on different mother culture medias of table（mm/d）
Note：① A1：Cultivation of Dictyophora A1A2：Cultivation of Dictyophora D1 A3：Cultivation of Dictyophora D89 2. growth potential with-,+,++ represent life
Length is weak, strong, very strong 3. different capitalizations represent significant difference (P between culture medium<0.05), different lowercase letters are not
With significant difference (P between strain<0.05) .
Step（2b）The culture of Cultivation of Dictyophora original seed
Cultivation of Dictyophora original seed is produced；Cultivation of Dictyophora pedigree seed culture medium, by mass percentage, wood sawdust 74%, wheat bran
20%, analysis for soybean powder 3%, modified starch 1.5%, white sugar 1.5%, water content 65%；
Cultivation of Dictyophora original seed obtains Cultivation of Dictyophora cultigen after cultivating 62-66d in the medium；
The comparative analysis of Cultivation of Dictyophora parent species：
Cultivation of Dictyophora pedigree seed culture medium by mass percentage, from following four kinds：
①：Bamboo scraps 74%, wheat bran 20%, analysis for soybean powder 3%, modified starch 1.5%, white sugar 1.5%, water content 65%；
②：Wood sawdust 74%, wheat bran 20%, analysis for soybean powder 3%, modified starch 1.5%, white sugar 1.5%, water content 65%；
③：Iblet 89.5%, bamboo benevolence 5%, wood chip 5%, modified starch 0.5%, total amount 40kg；
④：Cotton seed hulls wheat bran compost：Cotton seed hulls 76%, wheat bran 20%, calcium superphosphate 1%, sugar 1%, gypsum 1%, MgSO41%；
Culturing room is placed after strain inoculation to cultivate at normal temperatures, record original seed starts the time of material feeding, and an original seed is recorded per 2d
Mycelial growth rate.Mycelia starts to cover with the number of days of full bottle record.
From table 2 it can be seen that Cultivation of Dictyophora D89The material feeding being seeded on 2. number culture medium is fastest, it is only necessary to 4.1d；
Material feeding speed on 1. number culture medium is taken second place, it is necessary to 5.0d；And it is seeded in the material feeding speed on 3. number culture medium, 4. number culture medium
Degree is relatively slow, it is necessary to more than 9d.Cultivation of Dictyophora D1The material feeding being seeded on 2. number culture medium is fastest, only needs 5.9d；1. number
Material feeding speed on culture medium is taken second place, it is necessary to 7.2d；And it is seeded in material feeding speed and length on 3. number culture medium, 4. number culture medium
Skirt dictyophora phalloidea D89It is identical, it is also relatively slow, it is necessary to more than 9d.
It is optimal with a 2. number culture medium from terms of the growth potential of original seed, 1. a number culture medium takes second place, on other 2 kinds of culture mediums
Mycelial growth potential is weaker.
It is optimal with a 2. number culture medium from terms of the speed of growth of original seed.Cultivation of Dictyophora D89Grown on 2. number culture medium
62.0d can cover with full bottle, and Cultivation of Dictyophora D1Then need than Cultivation of Dictyophora D89Many culture 3.1d.D89Original seed and D1Original seed is 1.
Cultivated on number culture medium, then needed than culture more than 16d many on 2. number culture medium.To other 2 kinds of culture mediums, Primary spawn is then needed
More times are wanted, the need for being not suitable for factorial praluction.
2. the low cost filtered out from Medium for original variety, the good culture medium of effect is formulated（With wood sawdust compost
Based on）Expand the compost of propagating and cultivating as cultigen.
In sum, Cultivation of Dictyophora D89In terms of mycelia material feeding time, the speed of growth and growth potential, Cultivation of Dictyophora is superior to
D1.In original seed expanding propagation, prioritizing selection 2. number culture medium (compost based on wood chip), D are answered89Culture 62.0d and D1
After cultivating 65.1d, you can for the production of cultigen large area.
Note：1. growth potential with-,+,++, represent growth it is weak, strong, very strong
2. different capitalizations represent significant difference (P between strain<0.05), between different lowercase letter different culture medias
Significant difference (P<0.05)
Step（2c）The culture of Cultivation of Dictyophora cultigen
The expansion for starting Cultivation of Dictyophora cultigen before field cultivating for 2 months is numerous, and large area production is carried out to Cultivation of Dictyophora cultigen, and
60-80d is interior for planting after inoculation for Cultivation of Dictyophora cultigen.
In view of cultigen will be used to mass produce, the active power of cultigen has influence on the quality sum of dictyophora phalloidea fructification
Amount.Therefore, by determining the temporal regularity of the mycelia activity of cultigen, show that the strain optimal holding time is outstanding to being applied in production
For important.
Because acid phosphatase all exists in various mycelia, and content is more.During mycelial growth, enzymatic activity with
The increase of growth time and increase.Find that under normal conditions, activity of acid phosphatase is in spawn activity according to relevant document
Positive correlation.Therefore, activity of acid phosphatase is determined to be had the certain significance for identifying the vigor of strain.Further, since dictyophora phalloidea bacterium is
A kind of natural edible bacterium for integrating nutrition, health care, physiotherapy, its medicinal ingredient is mainly polysaccharide, with suppression cancer cell
Growth and hypoglycemic effect.The content in each stage is being grown by determining dictyophora phalloidea granulose, to help deeply, systematically to open
The research such as structure, physicochemical property, pharmacological action and clinical practice of dictyophora phalloidea granulose is opened up, is further to develop dictyophora phalloidea granulose work(
Energy food, health products and polyose medicament are laid a good foundation.Therefore, the present invention is by the acid phosphatase enzyme activity of dictyophora phalloidea mycelia
Property and Thick many candies content be measured, wherein, acid phosphatase is detected as the important indicator for weighing spawn activity.Every half
Moon sampling is once, continuous to detect 3 months.
The time of cultigen culture needs 60-75d.It will be seen from figure 1 that acid phosphatase is in cultigen culture two and half
Top is reached during the moon, and now, cultigen mycelia has covered with full bag.After this, the content of acid phosphatase is gradually reduced,
Also illustrating that the activity of mycelia is also gradual reduces；It is also the optimal of extraction polysaccharide and Thick many candies reach maximum in one and a half months
Period.Therefore in cultigen cultivating process, 60d can just be covered with after general inoculation, should be used in 0-20d afterwards crop field or
The large-scale plantation of person's sylvan life, at this moment bacterial activity reach most preferably, be conducive to survival and the fast-growth of mycelia.And extract mycelia
Polysaccharide, preferably 45d is extracted after inoculation, at this moment coarse polysaccharide extractive rate highest.
Step（3）Compost is selected and treatment
Experimental field I is located at the mausoleum col ministerial level nature reserve area of Subtropical Zone Forestry Inst., Chinese Academy of Forest Science of Hangzhou Fuyang area
（30 ° of 03 ' -30 ° of 06 ' N, 119 ° of 56 ' -120 ° of 02 ' E）Phyllostachys pubescens shoot forest base, belongs to arteries and veins more than the temmoku mountain system of West Zhejiang Province Hills And Low Mountains,
Height above sea level 290-530 m, 22 DEG C of mean inclination.Weather is that subtropical zone moistens monsoon climate, 16.1 DEG C of average annual temperature, mean annual precipitation
Measure 1427.2 mm.Pilot forest is mao bamboon pure forest, spends year system to manage, and age 1-7 is raw, Standing bamboo density 2400-2700 plants/hectare,
Mao bamboon strain Thoracic sympathicectomy between 7.0-14.1cm, mean DBH increment 9.8cm, average height 12.2m, canopy density 0.7-0.8.Mausoleum mountain
The bamboo stand soil in depressed place is subacidity red soil, and soil thickness is more than 100 cm, Litter Layer 1-3 cm；Experimental field II is located at
Fuyang City Xu Kou towns Sheng Ping home farms, more than 200 mus of woods area of base of existing moso bamboo shoot bamboo, soil is subacidity red soil,
Soil thickness is more than 100 cm, the cm of Litter Layer 1~2；Pilot forest is mao bamboon pure forest, spends year system to manage, the life of 1~7 year age,
Plant/hectare of Standing bamboo density 2700 or so, mao bamboon strain Thoracic sympathicectomy between 7.2~12.3cm, mean DBH increment 9.3cm, mean height
Degree 11.9m, canopy density 0.8 or so；Experiment bamboo grove is applied fertilizer, adopts bamboo shoot, cuts down except the routinely operation such as more than 6 years old bamboos every year.
Emerging agriculture D is provided by Fujian Province's Yong'an City southwest fungal studies within 2015 for examination strain89Cultivation of Dictyophora, its resistance against disadvantage
By force, the ectoenzyme of mycelia secretion, can decompose the nutrient for absorbing raw material, and fruiting is fast, can harvest within 2 months after inoculation.
Per 667m2It is equipped with a compost.
Every part of compost includes siccative 2500kg, urea 25kg, calcium superphosphate 50kg, modified starch 25kg, lightweight carbonic acid
Calcium 50kg.
2500kg siccatives include mao bamboon branches and leaves 1250kg, mao bamboon bits 1250kg, and mao bamboon branches and leaves and mao bamboon bits pile up separately.
The modified starch, with three-dimensional net structure, the skeleton of network is starch.Modified starch is used to increase compost
Water penetration and gas permeability, the storeroom of an air and water is formed around strain, and reduce day and night temperature, improved soil knot
Structure.
The preparation method of modified starch is as follows, is added toward flask and weighs acrylic acid 60g, is subsequently adding nitrogen and constantly stirs
Mix, the air in driving flask away, then toward adding in flask 26% sodium hydroxide solution to carry out neutralization reaction, stirring cooling
Starch, the zeolite powder of 1g, the oyster shell whiting of 1g of 12g are added after to normal temperature, is stirred, be subsequently adding 0.67g initiator over cures
Sour potassium, 0.17g crosslinking agent MBA, isothermal reaction 2h, are then stirred to translucent viscous fluid, and the ammoniacal liquor of addition 25% neutralize directly
It is 7 to pH, then releases nitrogen；Dried at 80 DEG C ~ 100 DEG C to constant weight, then crushed with after powder, obtain modified starch.
This modified starch can be degraded, and nutriment is wrapped up, slow release, so as to play reduction nutrition logistics
The effect of mistake.
During composting siccative, then bottom mao bamboon branches and leaves 30cm or mao bamboon bits 20cm spreads last layer urea, lightweight carbonic acid
Calcium, calcium superphosphate, modified starch, and a small amount of water is poured, then repave one layer of mao bamboon branches and leaves or one layer of mao bamboon is considered to be worth doing, thickness 50cm, on
Face is spread last layer urea, precipitated calcium carbonate, calcium superphosphate, gypsum and pours a small amount of water to stack layers surface wettability again, with such
Push away, 3~4 layers of heap, heap 1.5~1.8m high, 60kg water is poured by every 100kg siccatives after culture stockpile is good, holding stockpile water content is
60%, surface covers one layer of black plastic film and heats moisturizing after windrow, and 3 heaps once, were altogether turned over excavator turning every 15 days,
During turning require accomplish the mutual reversing of position of upper and lower, inside and outside substrate material, make substrate material up and down, inside and outside ferment uniformity.Heap
60 days prepared mao bamboon branches and leaves fermentation raw materials of system or mao bamboon bits fermentation raw material；
Step（4）Site preparation and sowing
Before in March, 2015, ted in advance, place of sterilizing, the whole furrow in level land, according to mao bamboo woods space distribution build hollow bed, deep 25cm is wide
50cm, according to mao bamboon spatial distribution flexible arrangement, trench digging runs into the cut-out of Bamboo whip and excavates length, and surrounding is opened according to along slope direction
Good gutter, is easy to draining.Every 667 m2Hair sylvan life dictyophora phalloidea land used about 200-300m2；The consumption of Cultivation of Dictyophora cultigen is
0.5kg/m2, cultivation base material will suction water before laying, and amount of water is firmly grasped substrate material slightly water and oozed out and is defined by hand（Water content
60-70%）, the fermentation raw material of layer overlay 8-10cm, layer overlay Cultivation of Dictyophora cultigen, continuation one layer of hair of 8-10cm of paving
Ferment raw material, repaves one layer of Dictyophora indusiata Cultivation kind, is slightly compacted after repaving one layer of fermentation raw material of 8-10cm, gross thickness 30cm or so, heap
Into turtleback, after planting bamboo scraps substrate material surface covering hack, soil layer thickness 3-5cm.Earthing should be loose plantation ground surface soil, soil
Earth water content 20-25% or so, then lid thin film is with heat and moisture preserving；And the paving mode of fermentation raw material is that mao bamboon is laid by lower floor
Branches and leaves fermentation material, upper strata laying mao bamboon bits fermentation material；The consumption of mao bamboon branches and leaves fermentation material is 6.67kg/m2, bamboo scraps fermentation material
Consumption is 8.33 kg/m2；
Experimental program I：Carried out in the Phyllostachys pubescens shoot forest base of mausoleum col ministerial level nature reserve area.This experiment is altogether under mao bamboo woods
If 24 pieces of sample ground, every piece of sample area 3m × 0.4m.Selection implantation time, ditching depth, substrates quantity and strain consumption etc. because
Son, using L8(27) Orthogonal Experiment and Design arrangement experiment（It is shown in Table 3 and table 4）.Every group of 8 pieces of samples ground random arrangement, is repeated 3 times.
Experimental program II：Carried out in the Phyllostachys pubescens shoot forest base of Fuyang City Xu Kou towns Sheng Ping home farms.In in April, 2015
Arrange this to test within 10th, divide into 32 pieces of sample ground, every piece of sample area 5m × 0.6m in mao bamboo woods altogether.Selection Canopy densities,
The factors such as ditching depth, substrates quantity, strain consumption and the strain number of plies, using L8(27) Orthogonal Experiment and Design arrangement experiment（See
Table 5 and table 6）.Every group of 8 pieces of samples ground random arrangement, is repeated 4 times.
Gently it is compacted with the sprouting of sharp strain with small shovel material and strain after finishing, finally shows one layer of 3-5cm thickness of covering
Table soil, soil moisture content 40%, then lid thin film is with moisture-heat preservation.
（5）Hair bacterium and management of producing mushroom
Spraying and moisturizing is after planting noted under normal temperature daily, 25-35d is cultivated, mycelia climbs up compost, and fruiting phase compost contains
Water is advisable with 60%, overburden soil water content>40%, relative air humidity>85%；Each spraying 1 time, humidity sooner or later of fruiting phase fine day
Manual control is constant, and the rainy day answers timely draining；
（6）Harvesting
To skirt is spread in morning 7-10, the dictyophora phalloidea of parachute-opening will pluck the broken flower bud of dictyophora phalloidea in time, gently hold in the palm dictyophora phalloidea bottom during harvesting with hand,
Cut-out shoestring, it is impossible to the related extraction of shoestring, in case influence growth, reduces yield, it should be noted that volva and cap are peeled off, with
Exempt from its mucus pollution stem and indusium, the cap of stripping, volva can not be lost in dictyophora phalloidea furrow soil, and the dictyophora phalloidea of harvesting will be in order
Neatly it is placed in large bamboo or wicker basket, keeps clean, should not fractures, break skirt, sludge；Start recording bacterium egg starts what is sprouted from mid-June
Time, the dictyophora phalloidea quantity that record is sprouted daily, and the individual length of dictyophora phalloidea is determined respectively in dictyophora phalloidea sprouting initial stage, peak period and later stage
Degree, fresh weight and dry mass.
Mao bamboon cultivation under woods dictyophora phalloidea fruiting situation
Either mausoleum col nature reserve area, or Xu Kou Sheng Ping home farms, either plant by the end of March, or kind mid-April
Plant, dictyophora phalloidea sends out the mushroom time in 15 days or so July（See Fig. 2）, this has obvious difference with the hair mushroom rule in other areas, and this can
Can be long with plum rains time summer in 2015 and mid-July be extended to, causes that weather is relatively throughout the year relatively low obvious relation.From temperature with
The graph of a relation that dictyophora phalloidea sprouts quantity can be seen that the highest temperature always below 25oC before July 15, is not suitable for bamboo shoot flower bud and opens
Umbrella, therefore, the bamboo shoot flower bud deployment time of 2015 is slower, and causes also obvious compared with the forest land hair mushroom time of planting early enough dictyophora phalloidea
Postpone.
Figure it is seen that bamboo shoot flower bud was opened since the 15 days July in 2015 under the mao bamboo woods of mausoleum col nature reserve area
Umbrella, to September, 29 terminate substantially, and collecting time is 2 first quarter moons, and hair mushroom peak period is unimodal curve in August -24 days on the 19th, its
A couple of days is slightly stepped back in the dictyophora phalloidea peak period that middle April 15 planted.And the Xu Kou Sheng Ping home farms hair mushroom time is shorter, to September 10 days
Substantially terminate, collecting time only has 55d, its hair mushroom peak period is four peak curves：Respectively in July 19, August 8 days, August 23 days
With August 30 days, wherein being maximum with the August hair mushroom peak of 23 days or so.
With the hair mushroom speed of dictyophora phalloidea planted by the end of March as most fast, to when mushroom 50d is sent out, dictyophora phalloidea yield has reached total output
More than 90%, harvesting can be stopped, to reduce the expenditure of labour, improve net income.
The dictyophora phalloidea individuality average length grown under mao bamboo woods is 19.0cm；Individual Fresh Yuxincao is sprouted before peak value occurs at it and is become
It is smaller, and substantially reduced after peak value is sprouted；Dictyophora phalloidea individuality dry mass reaches peak value when 10 d is sprouted, and reduces afterwards,
Luffing is between 2.50-3.02.The individual moisture content luffing of dictyophora phalloidea is between 89.03%-90.8%.
The Optimal action of dictyophora phalloidea cultivation is under mao bamboo woods：It is preceding by the end of March in the hair woods underwood planting dictyophora phalloidea that canopy density are 0.6,
Using more than ditching 25cm, substrates quantity 18kg/m2, strain consumption 1kg/m2, and using 1 layer of seeding method of strain of placement.Adopt
The dry dictyophora phalloidea yield of this planting type, mao bamboon underwood planting is used to can reach more than 81.72 kg/ mus.
The yield comparison of wild Dictyophora indusiata Cultivation pattern and other patterns is imitated under mao bamboo woods
The dictyophora phalloidea annual production of this research mode be 81.72 kg/ mu (dry mass) more than, slightly below the ground greenhouse cultivation such as Fujian with
The dictyophora phalloidea yield of the reports such as Chongqing sinocalamus latiflorus sylvan life, but the yield of dictyophora phalloidea is interplanted apparently higher than chestnut wood, vineyard, milpa etc.
(being shown in Table 7).Wild Dictyophora indusiata Cultivation pattern is imitated under mao bamboo woods with bamboo scraps and bamboo branch leaf as raw material, it is natural using Phyllostachys pubescens shoot forest
Shaded effects interplant dictyophora phalloidea, bamboo producing region existing bamboo resource is not only taken full advantage of on cost of material and bamboo processing is remaining
Thing, reduces the occupancy to farmland, reduces the production costs such as raw material, the soil of peasant, and eliminates and traditional must build
The sunshade mode of production, greatly reduces dictyophora phalloidea production process, reduces dictyophora phalloidea production cost；Additionally, after dictyophora phalloidea growth terminates
Remaining stroma is the good natural organic fertilizer material of bamboo grove, makes full use of resource, so as to form an ecologic planting for benign cycle
Pattern.
The dictyophora phalloidea conventional nutrients under both of which are detected with instruments such as FOSS azotometers（It is shown in Table 8）.Protein is group
The important component of adult body all cells, tissue, the protein content that wild dictyophora phalloidea is imitated under mao bamboo woods is 29.73%, hence it is evident that be higher than
The 20.03% of crop field dictyophora phalloidea；Ash content is an index for indicating inorganic constituents total amount in food, carries out ash analysis, it is known that its son
Entity is contained within inorganic nutritive element amount, and the content of ashes that wild dictyophora phalloidea is imitated under mao bamboo woods is 6.24%, higher than crop field dictyophora phalloidea
4.55%；Fungi polysaccharide is a kind of active polysaccharide with different physiological roles and Development volue, has significant health care to human body
Effect, the soluble sugar content that wild dictyophora phalloidea is imitated under mao bamboo woods is 11.48%, and crop field dictyophora phalloidea only has 9.11%.Therefore, mao bamboo woods
The nutritional quality for imitating wild dictyophora phalloidea down will be substantially better than crop field dictyophora phalloidea product.
Dictyophora phalloidea imitates the economic benefit of wild shape cultivation under mao bamboo woods in 2015：By taking Xu Kou Sheng Ping home farms as an example, every mu of mao bamboon
The actual cultivated area of woods is 200m2, actually product is dry dictyophora phalloidea 61.48kg/ mus, and the output value is 27051.2 yuan/mu (by the dry matter of dictyophora phalloidea
440 yuan/kg of amount price is calculated)；Planting cost is 13489 yuan/mu, including yuan/mu of strain 1000,800 yuan of host material etc./
Mu, yuan/mu of irrigating facility 2000, baking cost 3689 yuan/mu (is calculated) by 60 yuan/kg, and labour puts into 6000 yuan/mu（40
Work/667m2, 150 yuan/work）；Net income is 13562.2 yuan/mu.
Mao bamboon underwood planting dictyophora phalloidea, by a series of optimising and adjustment measure, dictyophora phalloidea yield and quality are ensured.Hair
Cultivation dictyophora phalloidea in bamboo grove ground can accelerate bamboo pocket, branches and leaves corruption, can promote the benign cycle of Bamboo Forest Ecosystem, be produced to improving bamboo shoots
Amount, promotes New bamboo growth to have obvious effect.Conclusion is verified below by investigation.
(being shown in Table 9) is tested using orthogonal test designs table arrangement.Dictyophora phalloidea plantation uses same dictyophora phalloidea strain (D89), same
Arranged under the conditions of canopy density (0.65), per 667m2Mao bamboo woods cultivation dictyophora phalloidea 280m2, plantation plot area is 3m2, per cell materials
Amount 45kg and sowing quantity 1.5kg；
As known from Table 10, dictyophora phalloidea is planted under Phyllostachys pubescens shoot forest, bamboo shoot output is improved significantly；Result of the test shows treatment 4
Dictyophora phalloidea is planted, density of bamboo forest is kept for 160-180 plants/acre, and total fertilization amount 75kg/ mus, fertilising divides 3 times (March, May and September),
Depth of turning soil 20cm, every mu of bamboo shoot output reaches 3475 jin of highest.
By the way that in mao bamboon underwood planting dictyophora phalloidea, not only dictyophora phalloidea has preferable economic benefit, the growth of mao bamboon Underground Rhizome is also risen
To being greatly promoted effect.Dictyophora phalloidea can not only promote to decompose discarded object such as leaf of bamboo, bamboo branch etc. under mao bamboo woods, and can improve sylvan life
Soil regime, good growing environment, the growth of the bamboo shoots for further promoting are provided to Rhizome wood growtht.To Phyllostachys pubescens shoot forest woods
Point density and management style regulation are also particularly important, and rational density of bamboo forest and Operation Measures ensure that single bamboo life
Nutritional need long and bamboo shoots quality.
Claims (4)
1. the composite cultivation method of dictyophora phalloidea is planted under a kind of mao bamboon, it is characterised in that including following methods：
Step（1）Place election
Place election select leeward moisturizing, have abundant water resources, draining is good, depth of humus layer is thicker, gentle, empty with plantation
Between bamboo stand, thickness of soil 40-100cm, pH value 5.5-6.5,2700 plants or so of density of bamboo forest per hectare, the woods of mao bamboo woods
Divide canopy density 0.6-0.7；
Step（2）The selection of dictyophora phalloidea bacterium culture medium, breeding strain, cultigen expand numerous
Step（2a）The culture of Cultivation of Dictyophora parent species
Prepare within 4 months before field cultivating Cultivation of Dictyophora pedigree seed culture medium, dictyophora phalloidea strain selection Cultivation of Dictyophora parent species；Dictyophora phalloidea strain is female
Plant and obtain Cultivation of Dictyophora original seed after Cultivation of Dictyophora mother culture media cultivates 16d；
Step（2b）The culture of Cultivation of Dictyophora original seed
Cultivation of Dictyophora original seed is produced；Cultivation of Dictyophora original seed is obtained after cultivating 62-66d in Cultivation of Dictyophora pedigree seed culture medium
Cultivation of Dictyophora cultigen；
Step（2c）The culture of Cultivation of Dictyophora cultigen
The expansion for starting Cultivation of Dictyophora cultigen before field cultivating for 2 months is numerous, and large area production is carried out to Cultivation of Dictyophora cultigen, and
60-80d is interior for planting after inoculation for Cultivation of Dictyophora cultigen；
Step（3）Compost is selected and treatment
Per 667m2It is equipped with a compost；Every part of compost includes siccative 2500kg, urea 25kg, calcium superphosphate 50kg, modified
Starch 25kg, precipitated calcium carbonate 50kg；2500kg siccatives include mao bamboon branches and leaves 1250kg, mao bamboon bits 1250kg, and mao bamboon branches and leaves
Pile up separately is considered to be worth doing with mao bamboon；
During composting siccative, then bottom mao bamboon branches and leaves 30cm or mao bamboon bits 20cm spreads last layer urea, precipitated calcium carbonate, mistake
Calcium phosphate, modified starch, and a small amount of water is poured, one layer of mao bamboon branches and leaves or one layer of mao bamboon bits are then repaved, thickness 50cm spreads again above
Last layer urea, precipitated calcium carbonate, calcium superphosphate, gypsum simultaneously pour a small amount of water to stack layers surface wettability, by that analogy, heap 3
~4 layers, heap 1.5~1.8m high pours 60kg water after culture stockpile is good by every 100kg siccatives, and it is 60%, heap to keep stockpile water content
Surface covers one layer of black plastic film and heats moisturizing after material, 3 heaps once, is altogether turned over excavator turning every 15 days, during turning
It is required that accomplish the mutual reversing of position of upper and lower, inside and outside substrate material, make substrate material up and down, inside and outside ferment uniformity；Composting 60 days
Mao bamboon branches and leaves fermentation raw material or mao bamboon bits fermentation raw material is obtained；It is required that after fermentation windrow is soft, browning, savory；
Step（4）Site preparation and sowing
Ted in advance, place of sterilizing, the whole furrow in level land, start by the end of March according to mao bamboo woods space distribution build hollow bed, deep 25cm is wide
50cm, length is arranged concretely according to mao bamboon spatial distribution, and trench digging such as runs into Bamboo whip or subterranean stem will be cut off and excavate, and surrounding is pressed
Gutter is held successfully according to along slope direction, be easy to draining；
Every 667 m2Hair sylvan life dictyophora phalloidea land used about 200-300m2；The consumption of Cultivation of Dictyophora cultigen is 0.5-1kg/m2, cultivation base
Material will suction water before laying, and amount of water is firmly grasped substrate material slightly water and oozed out and is defined by hand, water content 60-70%, layer overlay
The fermentation raw material of 8-10cm, layer overlay Cultivation of Dictyophora cultigen continues to spread one layer of fermentation raw material of 8-10cm, repaves one layer of bamboo
Sweet-smelling grass cultigen, is slightly compacted after repaving one layer of fermentation raw material of 8-10cm, and gross thickness 30cm or so piles turtleback, after planting bamboo
Bits substrate material surface covering hack, soil layer thickness 3-5cm；
Earthing should be loose plantation ground surface soil, soil moisture content 20-25% or so, then lid thin film with heat and moisture preserving；And
The paving mode of fermentation raw material is that mao bamboon branches and leaves fermentation material, upper strata laying mao bamboon bits fermentation material are laid by lower floor；Mao bamboon branches and leaves ferment
The consumption of material is 6.67kg/m2, the consumption of mao bamboon bits fermentation material is 8.33 kg/m2；
Film is after planting taken off under normal temperature daily to divulge information 30 minutes, 30d or so is cultivated, mycelia climbs up compost, can be on hollow bed
Film is opened and removed；
Step（5）Hair bacterium and management of producing mushroom
Spraying and moisturizing is after planting noted under normal temperature daily, 25-35d is cultivated, mycelia climbs up compost, and fruiting phase compost contains
Water is advisable with 60%, overburden soil water content>40%, relative air humidity>85%；Each spraying 1 time, rainy day sooner or later of fruiting phase fine day
Answer timely draining；
Step（6）Harvesting
To skirt is spread in morning 7-10, the dictyophora phalloidea of parachute-opening will pluck the broken flower bud of dictyophora phalloidea in time, gently hold in the palm dictyophora phalloidea bottom during harvesting with hand,
Cut-out shoestring, it is impossible to the related extraction of shoestring, in case influence growth, reduces yield, it should be noted that volva and cap are peeled off, with
Exempt from its mucus pollution stem and indusium, the cap of stripping, volva can not be lost in dictyophora phalloidea furrow soil, and the dictyophora phalloidea of harvesting will be in order
Neatly it is placed in large bamboo or wicker basket, keeps clean, should not fractures, break skirt, sludge, and put oven for drying rapidly.
2. the composite cultivation method of dictyophora phalloidea is planted under a kind of mao bamboon as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step（2a）
In, Cultivation of Dictyophora mother culture media is included using modified attapulgite hybrid protein culture medium according to weight fraction：Modified attapulgite hybrid
200 parts, 2 parts of peptone, 20 parts of sucrose, KH2PO41 part, MgSO41 part, 20 parts of agar, 1000 parts of water, pH value 5-6；It is modified recessed
The preparation method of convex soil is as follows：Attapulgite hybrid is calcined 2h at 415 DEG C, is subsequently adding the H of 1mol/L2SO4After be put into water-bath plus
Heat boiling 2h, wherein, according to weight ratio, attapulgite hybrid：H2SO4=1：10；Then it is washed to after neutrality to be put into and bakes and banks up with earth 106 DEG C in case
Constant temperature drying 7d, finally sealed is preserved.
3. the composite cultivation method of dictyophora phalloidea is planted under a kind of mao bamboon as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step（2b）
In, Cultivation of Dictyophora pedigree seed culture medium, by mass percentage, wood sawdust 74%, wheat bran 20%, analysis for soybean powder 3%, modified starch
1.5%, white sugar 1.5%, water content 65%.
4. the composite cultivation method of dictyophora phalloidea is planted under a kind of mao bamboon as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step（3）In,
The modified starch, with three-dimensional net structure, the skeleton of network is starch；The preparation method of modified starch is as follows, toward flask
Middle addition weighs acrylic acid 60g, is subsequently adding nitrogen and is stirred continuously, the air in driving flask away, then toward in flask
Adding 26% sodium hydroxide solution carries out neutralization reaction, and stirring is cooled to after normal temperature and adds the starch of 12g, the zeolite powder of 1g, 1g
Oyster shell whiting, stirs, and is subsequently adding 0.67g initiator potassium persulfates, 0.17g crosslinking agent MBA, isothermal reaction 2h, then stirs
Mix and add 25% ammoniacal liquor to be neutralized until pH is 7 to translucent viscous fluid, then release nitrogen；Dried at 80 DEG C ~ 100 DEG C
Do to constant weight, then crush with after powder, obtain modified starch.
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| CN111903432A (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2020-11-10 | 贵州珍稀食用菌科技有限公司 | Dictyophora rubrovalvata strain rapid propagation method and application thereof |
| CN112189508A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2021-01-08 | 浙江省林业科学研究院 | Method for removing bamboo stump of moso bamboo |
| CN113367024A (en) * | 2021-06-22 | 2021-09-10 | 关越 | Honeysuckle fermented material for breeding dictyophora indusiata as well as preparation method and application of honeysuckle fermented material |
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| CN107251759A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2017-10-17 | 德清县武康镇兴农食用菌场 | A kind of method of ecological interplanting mushroom under mao bamboo woods |
| CN107347461A (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2017-11-17 | 福建古银生物技术有限公司 | A kind of method of comprehensive utilization of bamboo resource |
| CN107736186A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-02-27 | 重庆市荣昌区林业科学技术推广站 | A kind of method on the Cluster Bamboo bamboo root and stem of certain plants more than pseudo-wild cultivating for dictyophora phalloidea bacterium |
| CN108243835A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-07-06 | 浙江省亚热带作物研究所 | The preparation method of Dictyophora indusiata Cultivation matrix and Dictyophora indusiata Cultivation method under a kind of mao bamboo woods |
| CN108703023A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2018-10-26 | 中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所 | A kind of forcing culture method of scattered type Shoot bamboo |
| CN109105159B (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2021-02-19 | 贵州省生物研究所 | Preparation method of dictyophora strain |
| CN109105159A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2019-01-01 | 贵州省生物研究所 | A kind of preparation method of winter sweet-smelling grass strain |
| CN110367040A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2019-10-25 | 中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所 | A kind of hayashishita layering ridge furrow Dictyophora echino-volvata Zane implantation methods |
| CN110367040B (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2021-12-03 | 中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所 | Method for planting dictyophora phalloidea in under-forest layered ridge furrows |
| CN111096196A (en) * | 2020-02-12 | 2020-05-05 | 中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所 | Method for planting bamboo fungi in labor-saving bamboo forest |
| CN111903432A (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2020-11-10 | 贵州珍稀食用菌科技有限公司 | Dictyophora rubrovalvata strain rapid propagation method and application thereof |
| CN111903432B (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2022-04-01 | 贵州珍稀食用菌科技有限公司 | Dictyophora rubrovalvata strain rapid propagation method and application thereof |
| CN112189508A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2021-01-08 | 浙江省林业科学研究院 | Method for removing bamboo stump of moso bamboo |
| CN113367024A (en) * | 2021-06-22 | 2021-09-10 | 关越 | Honeysuckle fermented material for breeding dictyophora indusiata as well as preparation method and application of honeysuckle fermented material |
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