CN106689040B - Ecological cattle raising method - Google Patents
Ecological cattle raising method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106689040B CN106689040B CN201611044959.0A CN201611044959A CN106689040B CN 106689040 B CN106689040 B CN 106689040B CN 201611044959 A CN201611044959 A CN 201611044959A CN 106689040 B CN106689040 B CN 106689040B
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- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000186361 Actinobacteria <class> Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000235342 Saccharomycetes Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000034189 Sclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000016383 Zea mays subsp huehuetenangensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029142 excretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009973 maize Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002420 orchard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/01—Removal of dung or urine, e.g. from stables
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/015—Floor coverings, e.g. bedding-down sheets ; Stable floors
- A01K1/0152—Litter
- A01K1/0155—Litter comprising organic material
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
the patent discloses an ecological cattle raising method, belongs to the technical field of cattle raising, and comprises the following steps: (1) and (3) building a fermentation bed: (2) and (3) installing a loosening device: dividing the fermentation bed body into a plurality of cattle raising areas, wherein a loosening device is arranged in each cattle raising area; (3) and padding fermentation: mixing and fermenting the crushed corn straws and the bacterial liquid according to a proportion; (4) and (3) laying padding: laying the padding in a fermentation bed in three layers, wherein after the padding is laid, the loosening device in the step (2) is completely covered in the padding; (5) the cattle is fed in each cattle raising area, excrement and urine produced by the cattle and urine are directly discharged onto the padding to be fermented, and the padding is loosened by the loosening device. The phenomenon of caking can not take place in the bedding and padding of this scheme, has guaranteed the required oxygen of microbial fermentation and the effect of fermentation, and this scheme is compared with the artifical loose mode of tradition simultaneously, workman's low in labor strength, and work efficiency is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for raising cattle.
Background
According to the ecological cattle raising technology of the fermentation bed, the fermentation bed is built in a cattle shed according to the microbial and biological fermentation principles, organic padding (mixture of rice hulls, sawdust, straws and microbial strains) with a certain thickness is laid, cattle directly excrete excrement and urine on the padding, and the excrement and urine are fully mixed with the padding through cattle treading and artificial assistance rake turning, so that beneficial microbial strains are fermented, organic substances such as the excrement, the urine and the like are decomposed and converted, after the padding is used, a bio-organic fertilizer can be produced, the ecological cattle raising technology is used for fertilization of farmlands and orchards, recycling is achieved, and therefore the feeding method is free of waste discharge and pollution to the environment.
when utilizing above-mentioned fermentation bed to raise cattle, because the weight of ox is heavier, trample the back when the ox for a long time on the bedding or padding, the bedding or padding of fermentation in the bed is trampled the sclerosis and is agglomerated easily, and the place of hardening agglomeration will produce the influence to the fermentation of bacterial because the oxygen content is not enough, and current processing means generally adopts artifical mode to turn over the pine to the bedding or padding, and the workman intensity of labour of this kind of mode is big, and work efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an ecological cattle raising method to solve the problem that the fermentation of strains is influenced due to insufficient oxygen content caused by easy caking of bedding materials in a fermentation bed.
The ecological cattle raising method in the scheme comprises the following steps:
(1) And (3) building a fermentation bed: building a fermentation bed on the ground with the length of 20-25m and the width of 8-10m, wherein the periphery of the fermentation bed is built by bricks, and the depth of the fermentation bed is 100-120 cm;
(2) And (3) installing a loosening device: the fermentation bed body is divided into a plurality of cattle raising areas, a loosening device is arranged in each cattle raising area, each loosening device comprises a first loosening block and a second loosening block, the bottom of each first loosening block is connected with the fermentation bed body through a first spring, the bottom of each second loosening block is connected with the fermentation bed body through a second spring, a first piston cavity and a first exhaust hole are formed in each first loosening block, each first piston cavity is communicated with the corresponding first exhaust hole, a first balloon communicated with the corresponding first exhaust hole is sleeved on each first loosening block, a first piston capable of moving along the corresponding first piston cavity and expanding the corresponding first balloon is arranged in each first piston cavity, a first pressure spring is arranged on the upper portion of each first piston, two ends of each first pressure spring respectively abut against the upper walls of the corresponding first piston and the corresponding first piston cavity, a second piston cavity and a second exhaust hole are formed in each second loosening block, each second piston cavity is communicated with the corresponding second exhaust hole, the second loosening block is sleeved with a second balloon communicated with the second exhaust hole, a second piston capable of moving along a second piston cavity and expanding the second balloon is arranged in the second piston cavity, a second pressure spring is arranged at the upper part of the second piston, two ends of the second pressure spring are respectively abutted against the second piston and the upper wall of the second piston cavity, the second loosening block further comprises a connecting rod, two ends of the connecting rod are respectively hinged with the first piston and the second piston, the middle part of the connecting rod is hinged with a mounting seat, and the mounting seat is fixed on the fermentation bed body;
(3) And padding fermentation: crushing corn straws, wherein the length of the crushed corn straws is less than 30cm, fully mixing the crushed corn straws according to the proportion that 2-2.3kg of bacterial liquid is added into each cubic meter, uniformly stirring, tightly covering the periphery with plastic cloth, and fermenting at the temperature of 23-28 ℃;
(4) And (3) laying padding: the padding is paved in a fermentation bed in three layers, the padding is divided into bottom padding, middle padding and upper fermentation padding, the bottom padding mainly comprises a plurality of corn straws with different lengths, and the paving thickness of the bottom padding is 20-25 cm; the middle-layer padding mainly comprises sawdust and wood chips, the laying thickness of the middle-layer padding is 18-20cm, the upper-layer fermentation padding is the padding obtained in the step (3), the laying thickness of the upper-layer fermentation padding is 30-35cm, and after the padding is laid, the loosening device in the step (2) is completely covered in the padding;
(5) After the padding in the step (4) is laid, feeding one cattle in each cattle raising area, directly discharging excrement and urine produced by the cattle to the padding for fermentation, when the cattle moves in a fermentation bed and steps on a first loose block, overcoming the acting force of a first spring and moving downwards by the first loose block, moving downwards along with the first loose block by a first piston, moving downwards along with the first piston by a connecting rod and one end hinged with the first piston, moving upwards by the connecting rod and one end hinged with a second piston, driving the second piston to move upwards along a second piston cavity, pushing air in the second piston cavity into a second air ball through a second air exhaust hole while moving upwards by the second piston, expanding the second air ball and driving the upper part of the second air ball to move upwards, and when the cattle loosens the first loose block, resetting and moving upwards by the action of the first spring, the first piston that drives when first loose piece resets, the reset of drive connecting rod and first piston hinged end when first piston resets, connecting rod and second piston hinged end also will reset and downstream this moment, the second piston is along second piston chamber downstream, the air in the second balloon will discharge the second piston intracavity through the second exhaust hole this moment, the second balloon becomes flat and makes the bedding and padding whereabouts on second balloon upper portion, when the ox steps on the second loose piece, the method is the same as above.
the effect of this scheme lies in: 1. this scheme realizes the loose effect to the bedding and padding through setting up loose device, on the one hand, it shifts up to drive the bedding and padding to ventilate the inflation through the balloon, exhaust through the balloon drives the bedding and padding whereabouts, shift up the in-process with the whereabouts at the bedding and padding, the realization is to the loose effect of bedding and padding, on the other hand first loose piece and the vibration that the second dredges the piece and produce when reseing also can have loose effect to the bedding and padding, thereby make the phenomenon that can not take place the caking in the bedding and padding, the required oxygen of microbial fermentation and the effect of fermentation have been guaranteed, the work of loose device relies on the power of ox to realize automatically in this scheme simultaneously, compare with the loose mode of tradition manual work, workman.
2. Every loose device in this scheme all includes first loose piece and the loose piece of second, step on when first loose piece when the ox, the second balloon inflation on the loose piece of second, consequently the effect of the gravity of ox can not be received to the expanded second balloon, avoided the second balloon to damage under the action of gravity of ox, step on when the ox on the loose piece of second, the first balloon of the same reason also can not damage under the gravity of ox, consequently this scheme has effectively avoided first balloon and second balloon to take place to damage under the action of gravity of ox.
3. Because the ox has the characteristics of large excretion and indefinite point, the condition of uneven distribution of excrement and urine often appears on a fermentation bed, the humidity of the place where the excrement and urine is concentrated is large, the decomposition speed of microorganisms is low, the scheme can drive the padding to move up and fall at the loosening device, and the excrement and urine on the padding can be uniformly distributed again, so that the decomposition speed of the microorganisms and the fermentation effect are ensured.
further, the depth of the fermentation bed is 110 cm. The depth of the fermentation bed is too deep, which leads to the increase of the cost, and the depth of the fermentation bed is too shallow, which leads to the insufficient decomposition of the manure produced by the cattle, and the depth of the fermentation bed is set to be 110cm, which can effectively ensure the decomposition effect and can not increase the cost.
Further, when the bedding is fermented in the step (3), the fermentation time of 6 months-9 months per year is 3-5 days, and the fermentation time of 10 months-5 months of the next year is 7-9 days. The environmental temperature of 6 months to 9 months per year is higher, the fermentation requirement between the padding and the bacterial liquid can be fully met in 3 to 5 days, and the fermentation requirement between the padding and the bacterial liquid can be fully met in 10 months to 5 months next year in each year when the environmental temperature is lower and the fermentation requirement between the padding and the bacterial liquid can be fully met in 7 to 9 days.
Further, the bacterial liquid in the step (3) mainly comprises bacillus, actinomycetes, lactic acid bacteria and yeast. The strain has high degradation speed and good degradation effect on cow dung and urine.
drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a fermentation bed in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below by way of specific embodiments:
Reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the fermentation bed comprises a fermentation bed body 1, a padding 2, a first loosening block 3, a first spring 31, a first exhaust hole 32, a first piston 33, a second loosening block 4, a second spring 41, a second exhaust hole 42, a second piston 43, a connecting rod 5 and a mounting seat 6.
example 1:
An ecological cattle raising method comprises the following steps:
(1) And (3) building a fermentation bed: building a fermentation bed on the ground with the length of 20m and the width of 10m, and building the periphery of the fermentation bed by bricks, wherein the depth of the fermentation bed is 110 cm;
(2) And (3) installing a loosening device: the fermentation bed body 1 is divided into a plurality of cattle raising areas, a loosening device is arranged in each cattle raising area, the loosening device comprises a first loosening block 3 and a second loosening block 4, the bottom of the first loosening block 3 is connected with the fermentation bed body 1 through a first spring 31, the bottom of the second loosening block 4 is connected with the fermentation bed body 1 through a second spring 41, a first piston cavity and a first exhaust hole 32 are formed in the first loosening block 3, the first piston cavity is communicated with the first exhaust hole 32, a first balloon communicated with the first exhaust hole 32 is sleeved on the first loosening block 3, a first piston 33 capable of moving along the first piston cavity and expanding the first balloon is arranged in the first piston cavity, a first pressure spring is arranged on the upper portion of the first piston 33, two ends of the first pressure spring are respectively abutted against the upper walls of the first piston 33 and the first piston cavity, a second piston cavity and a second exhaust hole 42 are formed in the second loosening block 4, the second piston cavity is communicated with a second exhaust hole 42, a second balloon communicated with the second exhaust hole 42 is sleeved on the second loosening block 4, a second piston 43 capable of moving along the second piston cavity and expanding the second balloon is arranged in the second piston cavity, a second pressure spring is arranged at the upper part of the second piston 43, two ends of the second pressure spring are respectively abutted against the second piston 43 and the upper wall of the second piston cavity, the fermentation bed further comprises a connecting rod 5, two ends of the connecting rod 5 are respectively hinged with the first piston 33 and the second piston 43, the middle part of the connecting rod 5 is hinged with a mounting seat 6, and the mounting seat 6 is fixed on the fermentation bed body 1;
(3) And padding fermentation: crushing corn straws, wherein the length of the crushed corn straws is less than 30cm, fully mixing and uniformly stirring the crushed corn straws according to the proportion of adding 2kg of bacterial liquid into each cubic meter, tightly covering the periphery with plastic cloth for fermentation, wherein the fermentation temperature is 28 ℃, the fermentation time is 3 days in 6 months-9 months per year, the fermentation time is 8 days in 10 months-5 months per year, and the bacterial liquid mainly comprises bacillus, actinomycetes, lactic acid bacteria and saccharomycetes;
(4) And (3) laying padding: the padding is paved in a fermentation bed in three layers, the padding is divided into bottom padding, middle padding and upper fermentation padding, the bottom padding mainly comprises a plurality of corn straws with different lengths, and the paving thickness of the bottom padding is 20 cm; the middle-layer padding mainly comprises sawdust and sawdust, the laying thickness of the middle-layer padding is 18cm, the upper-layer fermentation padding is the padding obtained in the step (3), the laying thickness of the upper-layer fermentation padding is 30cm, and after the padding is laid, the loosening device in the step (2) is completely covered in the padding;
(5) after the padding in the step (4) is laid, a cattle is fed in each cattle raising area, excrement and urine produced by the cattle are directly discharged onto the padding 2 for fermentation, when the cattle moves in a fermentation bed and steps on the first loose block 3, the first loose block 3 overcomes the acting force of the first spring 31 and moves downwards, the first piston 33 moves downwards along with the first loose block 3, one end of the connecting rod 5 hinged with the first piston 33 moves downwards along with the first piston 33, one end of the connecting rod 5 hinged with the second piston 43 moves upwards and drives the second piston 43 to move upwards along the second piston cavity, the second piston 43 pushes air in the second piston cavity into the second balloon through the second exhaust hole 42 while moving upwards, the second balloon expands and drives the padding 2 on the upper portion of the second balloon to move upwards, and when the cattle loosens the first loose block 3, first loose piece 3 resets and upward movement under the effect of first spring 31, first loose piece 3 resets and drives first piston 33 and resets simultaneously, first piston 33 resets and drives the reset of connecting rod 5 and first piston 33 hinged end simultaneously, connecting rod 5 will reset and downward movement with second piston 43 hinged end this moment, second piston 43 moves down along second piston chamber, the air in the second balloon will be discharged the second piston intracavity through second exhaust hole 42 this moment, the second balloon becomes flat and makes the bedding material 2 whereabouts on second balloon upper portion, when the ox steps on second loose piece 4, the principle is the same as above.
Example 2:
the difference between the embodiment 2 and the embodiment 1 is that the fermentation temperature in the step (3) is 25 ℃, the laying thickness of the bottom layer padding in the step (4) is 25cm, the laying thickness of the middle layer padding is 20cm, and the laying thickness of the upper layer fermentation padding is 32 cm.
The structure of the fermentation beds used in the above examples 1 and 2 is shown in FIG. 1: including fermentation bed body 1, place bedding and padding 2 in fermentation bed body 1, bedding and padding 2 is that maize straw, sawdust and microorganism bacterial mixture form, for the convenience of raising of ox, divide into a plurality of cattle raising districts in the fermentation bed body 1, feed one end ox in every cattle raising district.
a loosening device is arranged in each cattle raising area and comprises a first loosening block 3 and a second loosening block 4, the first loosening block 3 and the second loosening block 4 are both of cuboid structures, the bottom of the first loosening block 3 is connected with the fermentation bed body 1 through a first spring 31, a first exhaust hole 32, a first piston hole and a first blind hole are sequentially arranged on the first loosening block 3 from top to bottom, wherein the first exhaust hole 32 is a tapered first exhaust hole 32, one end of the first exhaust hole 32 communicated with the first piston hole is a large end with a tapered structure, and the width of the large end of the taper structure of the first exhaust hole 32 in the horizontal direction is smaller than the width of the first piston hole in the horizontal direction, the width of the first blind hole in the horizontal direction is also smaller than the width of the first piston hole in the horizontal direction, and a first communicating hole is also formed in the axial direction of the first loosening block 3 and is communicated with the first blind hole.
Still be equipped with first piston 33 in first loose piece 3, first piston 33 includes first piston head and first piston tail, and wherein the width of first piston head horizontal direction is greater than the width of first piston tail horizontal direction, and first piston head is located first piston cavity, and first piston tail is located first blind hole, still is equipped with first pressure spring between the upper wall in first piston head and first piston cavity, and first pressure spring makes first piston head offset with the lower wall in first piston cavity. The upper part of the first loosening block 3 is also sleeved with a first balloon communicated with the first exhaust hole 32.
The bottom of the second loosening block 4 is connected with the fermentation bed body 1 through a second spring 41, a second exhaust hole 42, a second piston hole and a second blind hole are sequentially formed in the second loosening block 4 from top to bottom, wherein the second exhaust hole 42 is a tapered second exhaust hole 42, one end, communicated with the second piston hole, of the second exhaust hole 42 is a big end of a tapered structure, the width of the big end of the tapered structure of the second exhaust hole 42 in the horizontal direction is smaller than that of the second piston hole in the horizontal direction, the width of the second blind hole in the horizontal direction is also smaller than that of the second piston hole in the horizontal direction, a second communicating hole is further formed in the second loosening block 4 in the axial direction, and the second communicating hole is communicated with the second blind hole.
Still be equipped with second piston 43 in loose piece 4 of second, second piston 43 includes second piston head and second piston tail, and wherein the width of second piston head horizontal direction is greater than the width of second piston tail horizontal direction, and second piston head is located the second piston intracavity, and second piston tail is located the second blind hole, still is equipped with the second pressure spring between the upper wall in second piston head and second piston chamber, and the second pressure spring makes second piston head offset with the lower wall in second piston chamber. The upper part of the second loose block 4 is also sleeved with a second balloon communicated with the second vent hole 42.
Still be equipped with connecting rod 5 between first loose piece 3 and the loose piece 4 of second, the radial width of first intercommunicating pore and second intercommunicating pore is greater than connecting rod 5's radial width, and connecting rod 5's middle part articulates there is mount pad 6, and the lower extreme fixed connection of mount pad 6 is on fermentation bed body 1, and the left end of connecting rod 5 passes first intercommunicating pore and articulates with first piston afterbody simultaneously, and the right-hand member of connecting rod 5 passes the second intercommunicating pore and articulates with second piston afterbody.
The foregoing is merely an example of the present invention and common general knowledge of known specific structures and features of the embodiments is not described herein in any greater detail. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several changes and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.
Claims (4)
1. An ecological cattle raising method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) And (3) building a fermentation bed: building a fermentation bed on the ground with the length of 20-25m and the width of 8-10m, wherein the periphery of the fermentation bed is built by bricks, and the depth of the fermentation bed is 100-120 cm;
(2) and (3) installing a loosening device: the fermentation bed body is divided into a plurality of cattle raising areas, a loosening device is arranged in each cattle raising area, each loosening device comprises a first loosening block and a second loosening block, the bottom of each first loosening block is connected with the fermentation bed body through a first spring, the bottom of each second loosening block is connected with the fermentation bed body through a second spring, a first piston cavity and a first exhaust hole are formed in each first loosening block, each first piston cavity is communicated with the corresponding first exhaust hole, a first balloon communicated with the corresponding first exhaust hole is sleeved on each first loosening block, a first piston capable of moving along the corresponding first piston cavity and expanding the corresponding first balloon is arranged in each first piston cavity, a first pressure spring is arranged on the upper portion of each first piston, two ends of each first pressure spring respectively abut against the upper walls of the corresponding first piston and the corresponding first piston cavity, a second piston cavity and a second exhaust hole are formed in each second loosening block, each second piston cavity is communicated with the corresponding second exhaust hole, the second loosening block is sleeved with a second balloon communicated with the second exhaust hole, a second piston capable of moving along a second piston cavity and expanding the second balloon is arranged in the second piston cavity, a second pressure spring is arranged at the upper part of the second piston, two ends of the second pressure spring are respectively abutted against the second piston and the upper wall of the second piston cavity, the second loosening block further comprises a connecting rod, two ends of the connecting rod are respectively hinged with the first piston and the second piston, the middle part of the connecting rod is hinged with a mounting seat, and the mounting seat is fixed on the fermentation bed body;
(3) and padding fermentation: crushing corn straws, wherein the length of the crushed corn straws is less than 30cm, fully mixing the crushed corn straws according to the proportion that 2-2.3kg of bacterial liquid is added into each cubic meter, uniformly stirring, tightly covering the periphery with plastic cloth, and fermenting at the temperature of 23-28 ℃;
(4) And (3) laying padding: the padding is paved in a fermentation bed in three layers, the padding is divided into bottom padding, middle padding and upper fermentation padding, the bottom padding mainly comprises a plurality of corn straws with different lengths, and the paving thickness of the bottom padding is 20-25 cm; the middle-layer padding mainly comprises sawdust and wood chips, the laying thickness of the middle-layer padding is 18-20cm, the upper-layer fermentation padding is the padding obtained in the step (3), the laying thickness of the upper-layer fermentation padding is 30-35cm, and after the padding is laid, the loosening device in the step (2) is completely covered in the padding;
(5) After the padding in the step (4) is laid, feeding one cattle in each cattle raising area, directly discharging excrement and urine produced by the cattle to the padding for fermentation, when the cattle moves in a fermentation bed and steps on a first loose block, overcoming the acting force of a first spring and moving downwards by the first loose block, moving downwards along with the first loose block by a first piston, moving downwards along with the first piston by a connecting rod and one end hinged with the first piston, moving upwards by the connecting rod and one end hinged with a second piston, driving the second piston to move upwards along a second piston cavity, pushing air in the second piston cavity into a second air ball through a second air exhaust hole while moving upwards by the second piston, expanding the second air ball and driving the upper part of the second air ball to move upwards, and when the cattle loosens the first loose block, resetting and moving upwards by the action of the first spring, the first piston that drives when first loose piece resets, the reset of drive connecting rod and first piston hinged end when first piston resets, connecting rod and second piston hinged end also will reset and downstream this moment, the second piston is along second piston chamber downstream, the air in the second balloon will discharge the second piston intracavity through the second exhaust hole this moment, the second balloon becomes flat and makes the bedding and padding whereabouts on second balloon upper portion, when the ox stepped on the second loose piece, the second loose piece with the motion mode of first loose piece is unanimous.
2. The ecological cattle raising method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the depth of the fermentation bed is 110 cm.
3. The ecological cattle raising method according to claim 2, characterized in that: when the bedding is fermented in the step (3), the fermentation time of 6 months-9 months per year is 3-5 days, and the fermentation time of 10 months-5 months of the next year is 7-9 days.
4. An ecological cattle raising method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the bacterial liquid in the step (3) mainly comprises bacillus, actinomycetes, lactic acid bacteria and saccharomycetes.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611044959.0A CN106689040B (en) | 2016-11-24 | 2016-11-24 | Ecological cattle raising method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611044959.0A CN106689040B (en) | 2016-11-24 | 2016-11-24 | Ecological cattle raising method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106689040A CN106689040A (en) | 2017-05-24 |
| CN106689040B true CN106689040B (en) | 2019-12-10 |
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| CN107960332A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-04-27 | 嵩县金佛坪农业科技有限公司 | Bottom of pond bedding and padding are used in a kind of black pig cultivation of biology antibacterial type |
| CN113396825B (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2023-02-17 | 广西壮族自治区水牛研究所 | Passive mechanized ecological cattle raising fermentation bed |
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