CN106684436B - A kind of preparation method of the lithium ion battery of high safety performance - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of the lithium ion battery of high safety performance Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation methods of the lithium ion battery of high safety performance, the following steps are included: positive electrode, conductive agent, binder, deionized water are mixed into slurry coating and positive plate is made on collector as positive electrode using the cobalt acid lithium of oxide coated by zinc；Using the mixture cladding lithium titanate of titanium oxide, silica as negative electrode material, then negative electrode material, binder, conductive agent, deionized water are mixed into slurry coating enhances alumina porous ceramic film using zirconium oxide obtained with negative electrode tab, diaphragm are made on collector；It is finally assembled into lithium ion battery, battery high temperature resistance made from this method is good, and cyclical stability is excellent, and energy density is big, safety and environmental protection.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to field of batteries, are specifically related to a kind of preparation method of the lithium ion battery of high safety performance.
Background technique:
Since 21 century, traditional fossil energy faces seriously polluted and increasingly depleted problem, finds cleanliness without any pollution
New energy at focus concerned by people.The free of contamination renewable energy such as solar energy, wind energy requires to be converted into electricity at present
It can use, but these energy all exist that energy density is low, discontinuous problem, for the continuity for guaranteeing energy resource supply,
It needs to develop the extensive electric energy storage device being adapted to therewith, constructs " electrical storage " system.Secondary cell is as the energy being simple and efficient
Amount storage and feedway, are the best of current power reserve, and important by taking in the development of new energy and universal utilize
Role.
In existing secondary cell system, with traditional lead-acid accumulator, nickel-cadmium cell, the secondary cells such as nickel-hydrogen cell
It compares, lithium ion battery is since with monomer battery voltage height, light weight, memory-less effect, pollution-free self discharge is small, recycles the longevity
Order the advantages that long, it is considered to be most potential battery.But from the point of view of current state of development, the core of lithium ion battery
Heart technology still rests in the developed countries such as Japan, South Korea, U.S. hand.High-energy density, the Gao An of China's independent intellectual property right
The lithium ion battery of full performance, especially share shared by the high-power electric appliances Battery Market such as electric car are then fairly limited.
Therefore, develop lithium ion battery especially high-performance lithium ion battery technology for promoting China's international competitiveness with important meaning
Justice.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of the lithium ion battery of high safety performance, lithium made from this method
Ion battery thermal stability is good, and cyclical stability is excellent, and energy density is big.
To achieve the above object, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of preparation method of the lithium ion battery of high safety performance, comprising the following steps:
(1) preparation of positive plate:
Zinc acetate and dehydrated alcohol are mixed evenly, then stir 1-2h in 40-60 DEG C of water bath with thermostatic control, is made saturating
Bright solution；Triethanolamine is added into clear solution, continues to stir 1-3.3h, obtains zinc colloidal sol；It is molten that cobalt acid lithium is added to zinc
In glue, continues stirring to the solvent completely removed in colloidal sol, then dry, be finally placed in Muffle furnace first at 85-160 DEG C
It is warming up to 400-500 DEG C, constant temperature 10-30min with the heating rate of 2-5 DEG C/min, then with the heating rate of 6-10 DEG C/min
It is warming up to 520-630 DEG C, constant temperature 1-2h, is finally warming up to 640-800 DEG C with the heating rate of 5-7 DEG C/min, constant temperature 30-
80min after calcining, cools to room temperature with the furnace, obtains positive electrode；
Positive electrode, conductive agent, binder are mixed evenly, deionized water is then slowly added into and continues to stir 3-
6h obtains anode sizing agent, anode sizing agent is coated on collection liquid surface, vacuum dried, roll-in, cutting obtain positive plate；
(2) preparation of negative electrode tab:
Lithium titanate, hexamethylene, triethylamine, glacial acetic acid, dehydrated alcohol are mixed evenly in beaker, are then added dropwise just
Tetraethyl orthosilicate continues that butyl titanate is added dropwise after being added dropwise, closes beaker, then water bath sonicator 10-30min under 500W,
Mixed solution is transferred in three-necked flask, and back flow reaction 1-4h, is cooled to room temperature at 70-90 DEG C, finally will be in three-necked flask
Reaction solution is transferred in autoclave, and at 150-180 DEG C, isothermal reaction 10-20h is cooled to room temperature, 3000- after reaction
It being centrifuged under 5000rpm, precipitating is successively washed with dehydrated alcohol, deionized water to neutrality, and it is dry, obtain negative electrode material；
Negative electrode material, conductive agent, binder are mixed evenly, deionized water is then slowly added into and continues to stir 3-
6h obtains negative electrode slurry, negative electrode slurry is coated on collection liquid surface, vacuum dried, roll-in, cutting obtain negative electrode tab；
(3) preparation of diaphragm:
Zirconium oxide, aluminium oxide and silica solution are mixed evenly first, ultrasound 20-40min under 500-1000W, then
Continue to stir 10-40min at 2000-5000rpm, obtains mixed slurry；Then mixed slurry is adjusted with citric acid or ammonium hydroxide
PH；Sodium carboxymethylcellulose, chitosan are added into mixed slurry, is uniformly mixed, in the stirring of 1000-3000rpm
Stirring foaming 10-40min under revolving speed obtains foamed slurry, and by foamed slurry, injection molding is dry on gypsum, obtains green body；
Green body is sintered at 1300-1650 DEG C, obtains porous ceramics diaphragm；
(4) it assembles:
It is superimposed positive plate, diaphragm, negative electrode tab to form pole piece, be placed in battery case, be then injected into electrolyte, be melted into,
8-23h is placed, battery case is sealed after exhaust, obtains lithium ion battery.
As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the binder is poly- fluorocarbons, polyethylene glycol oxide, polyamide, gathers
One of acid imide, sodium carboxymethylcellulose-butadiene-styrene rubber, sodium alginate.
As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, in step (1), Zn in the clear solution2+Molar concentration be 0.1-
1.3mol/L, triethanolamine and Zn2+Molar ratio be (0.3-1.1): 1.
As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the conductive agent is graphite, conductive acetylene, carbon black, one in carbon nanotube
Kind.
As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the lithium titanate, hexamethylene, triethylamine, glacial acetic acid, anhydrous in step (2)
Ethyl alcohol, tetraethyl orthosilicate, butyl titanate amount ratio be (0.5-1.6g): 50ml:10ml:20ml:20ml:(0.5-
1.2ml): (1-2ml).
As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, in step (3), in the mixed slurry, zirconium oxide, aluminium oxide, silica solution
The content of particle is respectively 2-15.8wt%, 5-35wt%, 0.15-0.63wt%.
As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, in step (3), the zirconium oxide, aluminium oxide particle size be 30-
100nm, silica sol granule size are 10-25nm.
As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, in step (3), sodium carboxymethylcellulose, chitosan in the foamed slurry
Content be respectively 2-6wt%, 1.5-4.7wt%.
As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, in step (3), the heating rate heating being sintered to 3-8 DEG C/min
To 1300-1650 DEG C.
As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the electrolyte is in parts by weight by 5-7 parts of 2- perfluorophenyl imidazoles, 3-6
Part 2- perfluorophenyl pyrroles, 10-40 parts of ethylene carbonates, 2-3 parts of lithium hexafluoro phosphates compositions.
The invention has the following advantages:
On the one hand, for the present invention using the alumina porous ceramic of Zirconium oxide plasticizing as diaphragm, thermal stability is good, mechanical
Intensity is big, and electrochemical stability is good, can effectively improve the security performance of lithium ion battery；
On the other hand, the present invention using titanium dioxide, coated with silica lithium titanate as negative electrode material, electric conductivity
Can be good, capacity density is big, it is ensured that the high rate performance of lithium ion battery；Oxide coated by zinc is used for the positive electrode present invention
Cobalt acid lithium, good reversibility has extended cycle life, and charge-discharge performance is good；
Cycle performance of lithium ion battery produced by the present invention is excellent, and high temperature resistance is good, and energy density is big, safety and environmental protection,
Preparation cost is low, is suitable for large-scale production.
Specific embodiment:
In order to better understand the present invention, below by embodiment, the present invention is further described, and embodiment is served only for solving
The present invention is released, any restriction will not be constituted to the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of the lithium ion battery of high safety performance, comprising the following steps:
(1) preparation of positive plate:
Zinc acetate and dehydrated alcohol are mixed evenly, then stir 2h in 40 DEG C of waters bath with thermostatic control, is made transparent molten
Liquid；Triethanolamine is added into clear solution, continues to stir 1h, obtains zinc colloidal sol；Cobalt acid lithium is added in zinc colloidal sol, is continued
Then stirring is dried at 85 DEG C, is finally placed in Muffle furnace first with the liter of 2 DEG C/min to the solvent completely removed in colloidal sol
Warm rate is warming up to 400 DEG C, constant temperature 30min, is then warming up to 520 DEG C with the heating rate of 6 DEG C/min, constant temperature 2h, finally with 5
DEG C/heating rate of min is warming up to 640 DEG C, constant temperature 80min after calcining, cools to room temperature with the furnace, obtains positive electrode；
Wherein, Zn in clear solution2+Molar concentration be 0.1mol/L, triethanolamine and Zn2+Molar ratio be 0.3:1；
Positive electrode, graphite, poly- fluorocarbons are mixed evenly, deionized water is then slowly added into and continues to stir
3h obtains anode sizing agent, anode sizing agent is coated on collection liquid surface, vacuum dried, roll-in, cutting obtain positive plate；
(2) preparation of negative electrode tab:
Lithium titanate, hexamethylene, triethylamine, glacial acetic acid, dehydrated alcohol are mixed evenly in beaker, are then added dropwise just
Tetraethyl orthosilicate continues that butyl titanate is added dropwise after being added dropwise, closes beaker, then water bath sonicator 10min under 500W, mixing
Solution is transferred in three-necked flask, and back flow reaction 4h, is cooled to room temperature at 70 DEG C, finally shifts the reaction solution in three-necked flask
Into autoclave, at 150 DEG C, isothermal reaction 20h is cooled to room temperature after reaction, is centrifuged under 3000rpm, and precipitating is successively used
Dehydrated alcohol, deionized water are washed to neutrality, dry, obtain negative electrode material；Wherein, lithium titanate, hexamethylene, triethylamine, ice vinegar
Acid, dehydrated alcohol, tetraethyl orthosilicate, butyl titanate amount ratio be 0.5g:50ml:10ml:20ml:20ml:0.5ml:
1ml；
Negative electrode material, graphite, poly- fluorocarbons are mixed evenly, deionized water is then slowly added into and continues to stir
3h obtains negative electrode slurry, negative electrode slurry is coated on collection liquid surface, vacuum dried, roll-in, cutting obtain negative electrode tab；
(3) preparation of diaphragm:
Zirconium oxide, aluminium oxide and silica solution are mixed evenly first, ultrasound 40min under 500W, then in 2000rpm
Under continue stir 40min, obtain mixed slurry；Then the pH of mixed slurry is adjusted with citric acid or ammonium hydroxide；Into mixed slurry
Sodium carboxymethylcellulose, chitosan is added, is uniformly mixed, stirring foaming 40min, obtains under the speed of agitator of 1000rpm
To foamed slurry, and by foamed slurry, injection molding is dry on gypsum, obtains green body；By green body in Muffle furnace, with 3 DEG C/min
Heating rate be warming up to 1300 DEG C of sintering 3h, obtain porous ceramics diaphragm；
Wherein, in mixed slurry, zirconium oxide, aluminium oxide, silica sol particles content be respectively 2wt%,
5wt%, 0.15wt%；Sodium carboxymethylcellulose in foamed slurry, chitosan content be respectively 2wt%, 1.5wt%；
(4) it assembles:
It is superimposed positive plate, diaphragm, negative electrode tab to form pole piece, be placed in battery case, be then injected into electrolyte, be melted into,
8h is placed, battery case is sealed after exhaust, obtains lithium ion battery；Wherein, electrolyte is in parts by weight by 5 parts of 2- perfluor benzene
Base imidazoles, 3 parts of 2- perfluorophenyl pyrroles, 10 parts of ethylene carbonates, 2 parts of lithium hexafluoro phosphate compositions.
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of the lithium ion battery of high safety performance, comprising the following steps:
(1) preparation of positive plate:
Zinc acetate and dehydrated alcohol are mixed evenly, then 1.8h is stirred in 45 DEG C of waters bath with thermostatic control, is made transparent
Solution；Triethanolamine is added into clear solution, continues to stir 1.5h, obtains zinc colloidal sol；Cobalt acid lithium is added in zinc colloidal sol,
Continue stirring to the solvent completely removed in colloidal sol, then dries, be finally placed in Muffle furnace first with 3 DEG C/min at 95 DEG C
Heating rate be warming up to 420 DEG C, constant temperature 25min, be then warming up to 540 DEG C, constant temperature 1.8h with the heating rate of 7 DEG C/min,
680 DEG C finally are warming up to the heating rate of 5.5 DEG C/min, constant temperature 70min after calcining, cools to room temperature with the furnace, obtains
Positive electrode；Wherein, Zn in clear solution2+Molar concentration be 0.15mol/L, triethanolamine and Zn2+Molar ratio be 0.5:
1；
Positive electrode, conductive acetylene, polyamide are mixed evenly, deionized water is then slowly added into and continues to stir
4h obtains anode sizing agent, anode sizing agent is coated on collection liquid surface, vacuum dried, roll-in, cutting obtain positive plate；
(2) preparation of negative electrode tab:
Lithium titanate, hexamethylene, triethylamine, glacial acetic acid, dehydrated alcohol are mixed evenly in beaker, are then added dropwise just
Tetraethyl orthosilicate continues that butyl titanate is added dropwise after being added dropwise, closes beaker, then water bath sonicator 15min under 500W, mixing
Solution is transferred in three-necked flask, and back flow reaction 3h, is cooled to room temperature at 75 DEG C, finally shifts the reaction solution in three-necked flask
Into autoclave, at 160 DEG C, isothermal reaction 16h is cooled to room temperature after reaction, is centrifuged under 3500rpm, and precipitating is successively used
Dehydrated alcohol, deionized water are washed to neutrality, dry, obtain negative electrode material；Wherein, lithium titanate, hexamethylene, triethylamine, ice vinegar
Acid, dehydrated alcohol, tetraethyl orthosilicate, butyl titanate amount ratio be 0.9g:50ml:10ml:20ml:20ml:0.7ml:
1.6ml；
Negative electrode material, conductive acetylene, polyamide are mixed evenly, deionized water is then slowly added into and continues to stir
4h obtains negative electrode slurry, negative electrode slurry is coated on collection liquid surface, vacuum dried, roll-in, cutting obtain negative electrode tab；
(3) preparation of diaphragm:
Zirconium oxide, aluminium oxide and silica solution are mixed evenly first, ultrasound 35min under 600W, then in 3000rpm
Under continue stir 30min, obtain mixed slurry；Then the pH of mixed slurry is adjusted with citric acid or ammonium hydroxide；Into mixed slurry
Sodium carboxymethylcellulose, chitosan is added, is uniformly mixed, stirring foaming 30min, obtains under the speed of agitator of 1500rpm
To foamed slurry, and by foamed slurry, injection molding is dry on gypsum, obtains green body；By green body in Muffle furnace, with 4 DEG C/min
Heating rate be warming up to 1400 DEG C of sintering 2.5h, obtain porous ceramics diaphragm；
Wherein, in mixed slurry, zirconium oxide, aluminium oxide, silica sol particles content be respectively 6wt%,
10wt%, 0.27wt%；Sodium carboxymethylcellulose in foamed slurry, chitosan content be respectively 3wt%, 2.2wt%；
(4) it assembles:
It is superimposed positive plate, diaphragm, negative electrode tab to form pole piece, be placed in battery case, be then injected into electrolyte, be melted into,
10h is placed, battery case is sealed after exhaust, obtains lithium ion battery；Wherein, electrolyte is complete by 5.5 parts of 2- in parts by weight
Fluorophenyl imidazoles, 4 parts of 2- perfluorophenyl pyrroles, 20 parts of ethylene carbonates, 2.2 parts of lithium hexafluoro phosphate compositions.
Embodiment 3
A kind of preparation method of the lithium ion battery of high safety performance, comprising the following steps:
(1) preparation of positive plate:
Zinc acetate and dehydrated alcohol are mixed evenly, then 1.6h is stirred in 50 DEG C of waters bath with thermostatic control, is made transparent
Solution；Triethanolamine is added into clear solution, continues to stir 2h, obtains zinc colloidal sol；Cobalt acid lithium is added in zinc colloidal sol, after
Then continuous stirring is dried at 110 DEG C, is finally placed in Muffle furnace first with 4 DEG C/min to the solvent completely removed in colloidal sol
Heating rate be warming up to 440 DEG C, constant temperature 20min, be then warming up to 560 DEG C, constant temperature 1.6h with the heating rate of 8 DEG C/min,
710 DEG C finally are warming up to the heating rate of 6 DEG C/min, constant temperature 60min after calcining, cools to room temperature with the furnace, obtains just
Pole material；Wherein, Zn in clear solution2+Molar concentration be 0.2mol/L, triethanolamine and Zn2+Molar ratio be 0.7:1；
Positive electrode, carbon black, sodium carboxymethylcellulose-butadiene-styrene rubber are mixed evenly, be then slowly added into from
Sub- water continues to stir 5h, obtains anode sizing agent, anode sizing agent is coated on collection liquid surface, vacuum dried, roll-in is cut
To positive plate；
(2) preparation of negative electrode tab:
Lithium titanate, hexamethylene, triethylamine, glacial acetic acid, dehydrated alcohol are mixed evenly in beaker, are then added dropwise just
Tetraethyl orthosilicate continues that butyl titanate is added dropwise after being added dropwise, closes beaker, then water bath sonicator 20min under 500W, mixing
Solution is transferred in three-necked flask, and back flow reaction 2h, is cooled to room temperature at 80 DEG C, finally shifts the reaction solution in three-necked flask
Into autoclave, at 170 DEG C, isothermal reaction 14h is cooled to room temperature after reaction, is centrifuged under 4000rpm, and precipitating is successively used
Dehydrated alcohol, deionized water are washed to neutrality, dry, obtain negative electrode material；Wherein, lithium titanate, hexamethylene, triethylamine, ice vinegar
Acid, dehydrated alcohol, tetraethyl orthosilicate, butyl titanate amount ratio be 1.2g:50ml:10ml:20ml:20ml:0.9ml:
1.4ml；
Negative electrode material, carbon black, sodium carboxymethylcellulose-butadiene-styrene rubber are mixed evenly, be then slowly added into from
Sub- water continues to stir 5h, obtains negative electrode slurry, negative electrode slurry is coated on collection liquid surface, vacuum dried, roll-in is cut
To negative electrode tab；
(3) preparation of diaphragm:
Zirconium oxide, aluminium oxide and silica solution are mixed evenly first, ultrasound 30min under 700W, then in 4000rpm
Under continue stir 20min, obtain mixed slurry；Then the pH of mixed slurry is adjusted with citric acid or ammonium hydroxide；Into mixed slurry
Sodium carboxymethylcellulose, chitosan is added, is uniformly mixed, stirring foaming 30min, obtains under the speed of agitator of 2000rpm
To foamed slurry, and by foamed slurry, injection molding is dry on gypsum, obtains green body；By green body in Muffle furnace, with 6 DEG C/min
Heating rate be warming up to 1500 DEG C of sintering 2h, obtain porous ceramics diaphragm；
Wherein, in mixed slurry, zirconium oxide, aluminium oxide, silica sol particles content be respectively 10.3wt%,
20.5wt%, 0.44wt%；Sodium carboxymethylcellulose in foamed slurry, chitosan content be respectively 4wt%, 2.8wt%；
(4) it assembles:
It is superimposed positive plate, diaphragm, negative electrode tab to form pole piece, be placed in battery case, be then injected into electrolyte, be melted into,
15h is placed, battery case is sealed after exhaust, obtains lithium ion battery；Wherein, electrolyte is in parts by weight by 6 parts of 2- perfluors
Phenylimidazole, 5 parts of 2- perfluorophenyl pyrroles, 30 parts of ethylene carbonates, 2.4 parts of lithium hexafluoro phosphate compositions.
Embodiment 4
A kind of preparation method of the lithium ion battery of high safety performance, comprising the following steps:
(1) preparation of positive plate:
Zinc acetate and dehydrated alcohol are mixed evenly, then 1.4h is stirred in 55 DEG C of waters bath with thermostatic control, is made transparent
Solution；Triethanolamine is added into clear solution, continues to stir 3h, obtains zinc colloidal sol；Cobalt acid lithium is added in zinc colloidal sol, after
Then continuous stirring is dried at 140 DEG C, is finally placed in Muffle furnace first with 4 DEG C/min to the solvent completely removed in colloidal sol
Heating rate be warming up to 480 DEG C, constant temperature 15min, be then warming up to 610 DEG C, constant temperature 1.4h with the heating rate of 9 DEG C/min,
760 DEG C finally are warming up to the heating rate of 6.5 DEG C/min, constant temperature 60min after calcining, cools to room temperature with the furnace, obtains
Positive electrode；Wherein, Zn in clear solution2+Molar concentration be 0.25mol/L, triethanolamine and Zn2+Molar ratio be 0.9:
1；
Positive electrode, carbon nanotube, sodium alginate are mixed evenly, deionized water is then slowly added into and continues to stir
5h obtains anode sizing agent, anode sizing agent is coated on collection liquid surface, vacuum dried, roll-in, cutting obtain positive plate；
(2) preparation of negative electrode tab:
Lithium titanate, hexamethylene, triethylamine, glacial acetic acid, dehydrated alcohol are mixed evenly in beaker, are then added dropwise just
Tetraethyl orthosilicate continues that butyl titanate is added dropwise after being added dropwise, closes beaker, then water bath sonicator 25min under 500W, mixing
Solution is transferred in three-necked flask, and back flow reaction 3.5h, is cooled to room temperature at 85 DEG C, finally turns the reaction solution in three-necked flask
It moves in autoclave, at 170 DEG C, isothermal reaction 18h is cooled to room temperature after reaction, is centrifuged under 4500rpm, and precipitating is successively
It is washed with dehydrated alcohol, deionized water to neutrality, it is dry, obtain negative electrode material；Wherein, lithium titanate, hexamethylene, triethylamine, ice
Acetic acid, dehydrated alcohol, tetraethyl orthosilicate, butyl titanate amount ratio be 1.3g:50ml:10ml:20ml:20ml:
1.1ml:1.6ml；
Negative electrode material, carbon nanotube, sodium alginate are mixed evenly, deionized water is then slowly added into and continues to stir
5.5h obtains negative electrode slurry, negative electrode slurry is coated on collection liquid surface, vacuum dried, roll-in, cutting obtain negative electrode tab；
(3) preparation of diaphragm:
Zirconium oxide, aluminium oxide and silica solution are mixed evenly first, ultrasound 35min under 800W, then in 4500rpm
Under continue stir 35min, obtain mixed slurry；Then the pH of mixed slurry is adjusted with citric acid or ammonium hydroxide；Into mixed slurry
Sodium carboxymethylcellulose, chitosan is added, is uniformly mixed, stirring foaming 20min, obtains under the speed of agitator of 2500rpm
To foamed slurry, and by foamed slurry, injection molding is dry on gypsum, obtains green body；By green body in Muffle furnace, with 7 DEG C/min
Heating rate be warming up to 1600 DEG C of sintering 2.5h, obtain porous ceramics diaphragm；
Wherein, in mixed slurry, zirconium oxide, aluminium oxide, silica sol particles content be respectively 12.7wt%,
25wt%, 0.49wt%；Sodium carboxymethylcellulose in foamed slurry, chitosan content be respectively 5wt%, 3.8wt%；
(4) it assembles:
It is superimposed positive plate, diaphragm, negative electrode tab to form pole piece, be placed in battery case, be then injected into electrolyte, be melted into,
20h is placed, battery case is sealed after exhaust, obtains lithium ion battery；Wherein, electrolyte is complete by 6.5 parts of 2- in parts by weight
Fluorophenyl imidazoles, 5 parts of 2- perfluorophenyl pyrroles, 35 parts of ethylene carbonates, 2.6 parts of lithium hexafluoro phosphates.
Embodiment 5
A kind of preparation method of the lithium ion battery of high safety performance, comprising the following steps:
(1) preparation of positive plate:
Zinc acetate and dehydrated alcohol are mixed evenly, then stir 1h in 60 DEG C of waters bath with thermostatic control, is made transparent molten
Liquid；Triethanolamine is added into clear solution, continues to stir 3.3h, obtains zinc colloidal sol；Cobalt acid lithium is added in zinc colloidal sol, after
Then continuous stirring is dried at 160 DEG C, is finally placed in Muffle furnace first with 5 DEG C/min to the solvent completely removed in colloidal sol
Heating rate be warming up to 500 DEG C, constant temperature 10min, be then warming up to 630 DEG C, constant temperature 1h with the heating rate of 10 DEG C/min, most
800 DEG C are warming up to the heating rate of 7 DEG C/min afterwards, constant temperature 30min after calcining, cools to room temperature with the furnace, obtains anode
Material；Wherein, Zn in clear solution2+Molar concentration be 1.3mol/L, triethanolamine and Zn2+Molar ratio be 1.1:1；
Positive electrode, carbon nanotube, poly- fluorocarbons are mixed evenly, deionized water continuation is then slowly added into
6h is stirred, anode sizing agent is obtained, anode sizing agent is coated on collection liquid surface, vacuum dried, roll-in, cutting obtain anode
Piece；
(2) preparation of negative electrode tab:
Lithium titanate, hexamethylene, triethylamine, glacial acetic acid, dehydrated alcohol are mixed evenly in beaker, are then added dropwise just
Tetraethyl orthosilicate continues that butyl titanate is added dropwise after being added dropwise, closes beaker, then water bath sonicator 30min under 500W, mixing
Solution is transferred in three-necked flask, and back flow reaction 1h, is cooled to room temperature at 90 DEG C, finally shifts the reaction solution in three-necked flask
Into autoclave, at 180 DEG C, isothermal reaction 10h is cooled to room temperature after reaction, is centrifuged under 5000rpm, and precipitating is successively used
Dehydrated alcohol, deionized water are washed to neutrality, dry, obtain negative electrode material；Wherein, lithium titanate, hexamethylene, triethylamine, ice vinegar
Acid, dehydrated alcohol, tetraethyl orthosilicate, butyl titanate amount ratio be 1.6g:50ml:10ml:20ml:20ml:1.2ml:
2ml；
Negative electrode material, carbon nanotube, poly- fluorocarbons are mixed evenly, deionized water continuation is then slowly added into
6h is stirred, negative electrode slurry is obtained, negative electrode slurry is coated on collection liquid surface, vacuum dried, roll-in, cutting obtain cathode
Piece；
(3) preparation of diaphragm:
Zirconium oxide, aluminium oxide and silica solution are mixed evenly first, ultrasound 20min, then exists under 1000W
Continue to stir 10min under 5000rpm, obtains mixed slurry；Then the pH of mixed slurry is adjusted with citric acid or ammonium hydroxide；To mixing
Sodium carboxymethylcellulose, chitosan are added in slurry, is uniformly mixed, foaming is stirred under the speed of agitator of 3000rpm
10min obtains foamed slurry, and by foamed slurry, injection molding is dry on gypsum, obtains green body；By green body in Muffle furnace,
1650 DEG C of sintering 1h are warming up to the heating rate of 8 DEG C/min, obtain porous ceramics diaphragm；
Wherein, in mixed slurry, zirconium oxide, aluminium oxide, silica sol particles content be respectively 15.8wt%,
35wt%, 0.63wt%；Sodium carboxymethylcellulose in foamed slurry, chitosan content be respectively 6wt%, 4.7wt%；
(4) it assembles:
It is superimposed positive plate, diaphragm, negative electrode tab to form pole piece, be placed in battery case, be then injected into electrolyte, be melted into,
23h is placed, battery case is sealed after exhaust, obtains lithium ion battery；Wherein, electrolyte is in parts by weight by 7 parts of 2- perfluors
Phenylimidazole, 6 parts of 2- perfluorophenyl pyrroles, 40 parts of ethylene carbonates, 3 parts of lithium hexafluoro phosphates.
Comparative example 1
A kind of preparation method of the lithium ion battery of high safety performance, comprising the following steps:
(1) preparation of positive plate:
Zinc acetate and dehydrated alcohol are mixed evenly, then stir 1h in 60 DEG C of waters bath with thermostatic control, is made transparent molten
Liquid；Triethanolamine is added into clear solution, continues to stir 3.3h, obtains zinc colloidal sol；Cobalt acid lithium is added in zinc colloidal sol, after
Then continuous stirring is dried at 160 DEG C, is finally placed in Muffle furnace first with 5 DEG C/min to the solvent completely removed in colloidal sol
Heating rate be warming up to 500 DEG C, constant temperature 10min, be then warming up to 630 DEG C, constant temperature 1h with the heating rate of 10 DEG C/min, most
800 DEG C are warming up to the heating rate of 7 DEG C/min afterwards, constant temperature 30min after calcining, cools to room temperature with the furnace, obtains anode
Material；Wherein, Zn in clear solution2+Molar concentration be 1.3mol/L, triethanolamine and Zn2+Molar ratio be 1.1:1；
Positive electrode, carbon nanotube, poly- fluorocarbons are mixed evenly, deionized water continuation is then slowly added into
6h is stirred, anode sizing agent is obtained, anode sizing agent is coated on collection liquid surface, vacuum dried, roll-in, cutting obtain anode
Piece；
(2) preparation of negative electrode tab:
Lithium titanate, hexamethylene, triethylamine, glacial acetic acid, dehydrated alcohol are mixed evenly in beaker, are then added dropwise just
Tetraethyl orthosilicate continues that butyl titanate is added dropwise after being added dropwise, closes beaker, then water bath sonicator 30min under 500W, mixing
Solution is transferred in three-necked flask, and back flow reaction 1h, is cooled to room temperature at 90 DEG C, finally shifts the reaction solution in three-necked flask
Into autoclave, at 180 DEG C, isothermal reaction 10h is cooled to room temperature after reaction, is centrifuged under 5000rpm, and precipitating is successively used
Dehydrated alcohol, deionized water are washed to neutrality, dry, obtain negative electrode material；Wherein, lithium titanate, hexamethylene, triethylamine, ice vinegar
Acid, dehydrated alcohol, tetraethyl orthosilicate, butyl titanate amount ratio be 1.6g:50ml:10ml:20ml:20ml:1.2ml:
2ml；
Negative electrode material, carbon nanotube, poly- fluorocarbons are mixed evenly, deionized water continuation is then slowly added into
6h is stirred, negative electrode slurry is obtained, negative electrode slurry is coated on collection liquid surface, vacuum dried, roll-in, cutting obtain cathode
Piece；
(3) preparation of diaphragm:
Aluminium oxide and sodium carboxymethylcellulose, chitosan, deionized water are mixed first, stirred evenly, 3000rpm's
10min is stirred under speed of agitator, obtains slurry, and injection molding is dry on gypsum by slurry, obtains green body；By green body in Muffle
In furnace, 1650 DEG C of sintering 1h are warming up to the heating rate of 8 DEG C/min, obtain ceramic diaphragm；
Wherein, in slurry, aluminium oxide, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, chitosan content be respectively 35wt%, 6wt%,
4.7wt%；
(4) it assembles:
It is superimposed positive plate, diaphragm, negative electrode tab to form pole piece, be placed in battery case, be then injected into electrolyte, be melted into,
23h is placed, battery case is sealed after exhaust, obtains lithium ion battery；Wherein, electrolyte is in parts by weight by 7 parts of 2- perfluors
Phenylimidazole, 6 parts of 2- perfluorophenyl pyrroles, 40 parts of ethylene carbonates, 3 parts of lithium hexafluoro phosphates.
Comparative example 2
A kind of preparation method of the lithium ion battery of high safety performance, comprising the following steps:
(1) preparation of positive plate:
Zinc acetate and dehydrated alcohol are mixed evenly, then stir 1h in 60 DEG C of waters bath with thermostatic control, is made transparent molten
Liquid；Triethanolamine is added into clear solution, continues to stir 3.3h, obtains zinc colloidal sol；Cobalt acid lithium is added in zinc colloidal sol, after
Then continuous stirring is dried at 160 DEG C, is finally placed in Muffle furnace first with 5 DEG C/min to the solvent completely removed in colloidal sol
Heating rate be warming up to 500 DEG C, constant temperature 10min, be then warming up to 630 DEG C, constant temperature 1h with the heating rate of 10 DEG C/min, most
800 DEG C are warming up to the heating rate of 7 DEG C/min afterwards, constant temperature 30min after calcining, cools to room temperature with the furnace, obtains anode
Material；Wherein, Zn in clear solution2+Molar concentration be 1.3mol/L, triethanolamine and Zn2+Molar ratio be 1.1:1；
Positive electrode, carbon nanotube, poly- fluorocarbons are mixed evenly, deionized water continuation is then slowly added into
6h is stirred, anode sizing agent is obtained, anode sizing agent is coated on collection liquid surface, vacuum dried, roll-in, cutting obtain anode
Piece；
(2) preparation of negative electrode tab:
Lithium titanate, carbon nanotube, poly- fluorocarbons are mixed evenly, deionized water is then slowly added into and continues to stir
6h is mixed, negative electrode slurry is obtained, negative electrode slurry is coated on collection liquid surface, vacuum dried, roll-in, cutting obtain negative electrode tab；
(3) preparation of diaphragm:
Zirconium oxide, aluminium oxide and silica solution are mixed evenly first, ultrasound 20min, then exists under 1000W
Continue to stir 10min under 5000rpm, obtains mixed slurry；Then the pH of mixed slurry is adjusted with citric acid or ammonium hydroxide；To mixing
Sodium carboxymethylcellulose, chitosan are added in slurry, is uniformly mixed, foaming is stirred under the speed of agitator of 3000rpm
10min obtains foamed slurry, and by foamed slurry, injection molding is dry on gypsum, obtains green body；By green body in Muffle furnace,
1650 DEG C of sintering 1h are warming up to the heating rate of 8 DEG C/min, obtain porous ceramics diaphragm；
Wherein, in mixed slurry, zirconium oxide, aluminium oxide, silica sol particles content be respectively 15.8wt%,
35wt%, 0.63wt%；Sodium carboxymethylcellulose in foamed slurry, chitosan content be respectively 6wt%, 4.7wt%；
(4) it assembles:
It is superimposed positive plate, diaphragm, negative electrode tab to form pole piece, be placed in battery case, be then injected into electrolyte, be melted into,
23h is placed, battery case is sealed after exhaust, obtains lithium ion battery；Wherein, electrolyte is in parts by weight by 7 parts of 2- perfluors
Phenylimidazole, 6 parts of 2- perfluorophenyl pyrroles, 40 parts of ethylene carbonates, 3 parts of lithium hexafluoro phosphates.
After measured, embodiment 1-5 and the lithium ion battery of comparative example 2 when environment is 90 DEG C still can normal use, electricity
Temperature is up to 200 DEG C at the end of tank discharge；And the lithium ion battery of comparative example 1 is when environment is 40 DEG C, service life is just significantly
Shorten；
When the lithium ion battery of embodiment 1-5 recycles 800 times, battery capacity is unchanged, and cycle life is tested 4000 times,
Battery capacity conservation rate is 80% or more.And the lithium ion battery of comparative example 1-2 recycles 800 times, battery capacity conservation rate is
93%, battery capacity conservation rate is only 69% when recycling 4000 times.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of the lithium ion battery of high safety performance, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of positive plate:
Zinc acetate and dehydrated alcohol are mixed evenly, then stir 1-2h in 40-60 DEG C of water bath with thermostatic control, is made transparent molten
Liquid；Triethanolamine is added into clear solution, continues to stir 1-3.3h, obtains zinc colloidal sol；Cobalt acid lithium is added in zinc colloidal sol,
Continue stirring to the solvent completely removed in colloidal sol, then dries, be finally placed in Muffle furnace first with 2-5 at 85-160 DEG C
DEG C/heating rate of min is warming up to 400-500 DEG C, then constant temperature 10-30min is warming up to the heating rate of 6-10 DEG C/min
520-630 DEG C, constant temperature 1-2h, it finally is warming up to 640-800 DEG C, constant temperature 30-80min with the heating rate of 5-7 DEG C/min, calcining
After, it cools to room temperature with the furnace, obtains positive electrode；
Positive electrode, conductive agent, binder are mixed evenly, deionized water is then slowly added into and continues to stir 3-6h, obtain
To anode sizing agent, anode sizing agent is coated on collection liquid surface, vacuum dried, roll-in, cutting obtain positive plate；
(2) preparation of negative electrode tab:
Lithium titanate, hexamethylene, triethylamine, glacial acetic acid, dehydrated alcohol are mixed evenly in beaker, positive silicic acid is then added dropwise
Tetra-ethyl ester continues that butyl titanate is added dropwise after being added dropwise, closes beaker, then water bath sonicator 10-30min under 500W, mixing
Solution is transferred in three-necked flask, and back flow reaction 1-4h, is cooled to room temperature at 70-90 DEG C, finally by the reaction in three-necked flask
Liquid is transferred in autoclave, and at 150-180 DEG C, isothermal reaction 10-20h is cooled to room temperature, 3000-5000rpm after reaction
Lower centrifugation, precipitating is successively washed with dehydrated alcohol, deionized water to neutrality, dry, obtains negative electrode material；
Negative electrode material, conductive agent, binder are mixed evenly, deionized water is then slowly added into and continues to stir 3-6h, obtain
To negative electrode slurry, negative electrode slurry is coated on collection liquid surface, vacuum dried, roll-in, cutting obtain negative electrode tab；
(3) preparation of diaphragm:
Zirconium oxide, aluminium oxide and silica solution are mixed evenly first, ultrasound 20-40min, then exists under 500-1000W
Continue to stir 10-40min under 2000-5000rpm, obtains mixed slurry；Then mixed slurry is adjusted with citric acid or ammonium hydroxide
pH；Sodium carboxymethylcellulose, chitosan are added into mixed slurry, is uniformly mixed, turns in the stirring of 1000-3000rpm
The lower stirring foaming 10-40min of speed obtains foamed slurry, and by foamed slurry, injection molding is dry on gypsum, obtains green body；It will
Green body is sintered at 1300-1650 DEG C, obtains porous ceramics diaphragm；
(4) it assembles:
It is superimposed positive plate, diaphragm, negative electrode tab to form pole piece, be placed in battery case, be then injected into electrolyte, be melted into, place
8-23h seals battery case after exhaust, obtains lithium ion battery.
2. a kind of preparation method of the lithium ion battery of high safety performance as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described viscous
Knot agent is poly- fluorocarbons, polyethylene glycol oxide, polyamide, polyimides, sodium carboxymethylcellulose-butadiene-styrene rubber, alginic acid
One of sodium.
3. a kind of preparation method of the lithium ion battery of high safety performance as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: step
(1) in, Zn in the clear solution2+Molar concentration be 0.1-1.3mol/L, triethanolamine and Zn2+Molar ratio be (0.3-
1.1): 1.
4. a kind of preparation method of the lithium ion battery of high safety performance as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described to lead
Electric agent is one of graphite, conductive acetylene, carbon black, carbon nanotube.
5. a kind of preparation method of the lithium ion battery of high safety performance as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: step
(2) in, the dosage of the lithium titanate, hexamethylene, triethylamine, glacial acetic acid, dehydrated alcohol, tetraethyl orthosilicate, butyl titanate
Than for (0.5-1.6g): 50ml:10ml:20ml:20ml:(0.5-1.2ml): (1-2ml).
6. a kind of preparation method of the lithium ion battery of high safety performance as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: step
(3) in, in the mixed slurry, zirconium oxide, aluminium oxide, silica sol granule content be respectively 2-15.8wt%, 5-35wt%,
0.15-0.63wt%.
7. a kind of preparation method of the lithium ion battery of high safety performance as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: step
(3) in, the zirconium oxide, aluminium oxide particle size be 30-100nm, silica sol granule size be 10-25nm.
8. a kind of preparation method of the lithium ion battery of high safety performance as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: step
(3) in, sodium carboxymethylcellulose in the foamed slurry, chitosan content be respectively 2-6wt%, 1.5-4.7wt%.
9. a kind of preparation method of the lithium ion battery of high safety performance as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: step
(3) in, described be sintered to is warming up to 1300-1650 DEG C with the heating rate of 3-8 DEG C/min.
10. a kind of preparation method of the lithium ion battery of high safety performance as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Electrolyte in parts by weight by 5-7 parts of 2- perfluorophenyl imidazoles, 3-6 parts of 2- perfluorophenyl pyrroles, 10-40 parts of ethylene carbonates,
2-3 parts of lithium hexafluoro phosphate compositions.
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