CN106676899A - 一种提高锦/氨针织织物吸湿排汗性能的方法 - Google Patents

一种提高锦/氨针织织物吸湿排汗性能的方法 Download PDF

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CN106676899A
CN106676899A CN201611262736.1A CN201611262736A CN106676899A CN 106676899 A CN106676899 A CN 106676899A CN 201611262736 A CN201611262736 A CN 201611262736A CN 106676899 A CN106676899 A CN 106676899A
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ammonia
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杨建国
陈建峰
高庆锋
杜方东
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SHANGHAI JIALE CO Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种提高锦/氨针织织物吸湿排汗性能的方法，其特征在于，依次经如下工序进行处理：工序一、处理剂浸轧；工序二、烘干；工序三、烘焙；其中，所述处理剂由如下组分的物质制造而成：异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、聚丙烯酸丁酯、小分子扩链剂、有机酸、环氧树脂；所述工序一中，处理剂的用量为40‑70克/每升；所述工序二中，烘干的温度为100‑120℃；所述工序三中，烘焙的温度为140‑200℃，烘焙时间为90‑160秒。本发明通过使用一种处理剂对锦纶/氨纶针织织物进行整理，使整理后的织物具有吸水、透湿、快干的特性，同时兼有柔软、蓬松、平滑、悬垂性好的良好手感，同时具有良好的耐洗性。

Description

一种提高锦/氨针织织物吸湿排汗性能的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及针织面料的整理领域，具体地，涉及一种提高锦/氨针织织物吸湿排汗性能的方法。
背景技术
锦纶其最突出的优点是耐磨性高于其他所有纤维，比棉花耐磨性高10倍，比羊毛高20倍，在混纺织物中稍加入一些锦纶纤维，可大大提高其耐磨性；当拉伸至3-6％时，弹性回复率可达100％；能经受上万次折挠而不断裂。
一般来说锦纶纤维的强度比棉花高1-2倍、比羊毛高4-5倍，是粘胶纤维的3倍。但锦纶纤维的耐热性和耐光性较差，保持性也不佳，做成的衣服不如涤纶挺括。另外，用于衣着的锦纶-66和锦纶-6都存在吸湿性和染色性差的缺点。
氨纶弹性优异。而强度比乳胶丝高2～3倍，线密度也更细，并且更耐化学降解。氨纶的耐酸碱性、耐汗、耐海水性、耐干洗性、耐磨性均较好。但是，其吸湿性极差。
而高档的锦纶/氨纶针织织物中氨纶丝含量要达到18％以上由于氨纶纤维分子没有亲水基团，分子堆彻紧密，因此水分子很难进入纤维内部，所以它有极强的疏水性，吸湿性能差，易产生静电易沾污等，穿着舒适性差，应用受到一定限制。
发明内容
本发明旨在克服上述缺陷，通过使用一种处理剂对锦纶/氨纶针织织物进行整理，使整理后的织物具有吸水、透湿、快干的特性，同时兼有柔软、蓬松、平滑、悬垂性好的良好手感，同时具有良好的耐洗性。
本发明提供了一种提高锦/氨针织织物吸湿排汗性能的方法，其特征在于，依次经如下工序进行处理：
工序一、处理剂浸轧；
工序二、烘干；
工序三、烘焙；
其中，所述处理剂由如下组分的物质制造而成：异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、聚丙烯酸丁酯、小分子扩链剂、有机酸、环氧树脂；
所述工序一中，处理剂的用量为40-70克/每升；
所述工序二中，烘干的温度为100-120℃；
所述工序三中，烘焙的温度为140-200℃，烘焙时间为90-160秒。
进一步地，本发明提供的一种提高锦/氨针织织物吸湿排汗性能的方法，还具有这样的特点：所述处理剂的制造方法如下所示：
步骤一、将异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯与聚丙烯酸丁酯，于80-120℃的温度下反应1-3小时；
步骤二、加入小分子扩链剂反应0.5-1小时；
步骤三、加入有机酸和环氧树脂，于110-150℃的温度下反应2-5小时；
步骤四、减压蒸去溶剂，自然冷却至室温即为处理剂。
进一步地，本发明提供的一种提高锦/氨针织织物吸湿排汗性能的方法，还具有这样的特点：所述异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯与聚丙烯酸丁酯的质量比为1：:1-5；
所述小分子扩链剂的用量为异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和聚丙烯酸丁酯质量综合1-2％。
进一步地，本发明提供的一种提高锦/氨针织织物吸湿排汗性能的方法，还具有这样的特点：所述有机酸的用量为步骤二反应产物的质量的10-50％；
所述环氧树脂与异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯的质量比为1：1-2。
进一步地，本发明提供的一种提高锦/氨针织织物吸湿排汗性能的方法，还具有这样的特点：所述小分子扩链剂选自1，4一丁二醇、1，6一己二醇、甘油、三羟甲基丙烷、二甘醇、三甘醇、新戊二醇、山梨醇、二乙氨基乙醇、乙二胺、N，N-二羟基(二异丙基)苯胺、氢醌一二(β一羟乙基)醚。
进一步地，本发明提供的一种提高锦/氨针织织物吸湿排汗性能的方法，还具有这样的特点：所述有机酸选自碳原子不大于的8的脂肪酸及其衍生物。
进一步地，本发明提供的一种提高锦/氨针织织物吸湿排汗性能的方法，还具有这样的特点：所述烘焙的过程包括三个阶段：初始阶段、融合阶段和定型阶段。
进一步地，本发明提供的一种提高锦/氨针织织物吸湿排汗性能的方法，还具有这样的特点：所述初始阶段的烘焙温度为140-150℃，烘焙时间为15-30秒；
所述融合阶段的烘焙温度为150-170℃，烘焙时间为60-90秒；
所述定型阶段的烘焙温度为170-200℃，烘焙时间为15-40秒。
进一步地，本发明提供的一种提高锦/氨针织织物吸湿排汗性能的方法，还具有这样的特点：所述处理剂浸轧的过程包括至少两个阶段；
其中，所述两个阶段为升温阶段和降温阶段。
进一步地，本发明提供的一种提高锦/氨针织织物吸湿排汗性能的方法，还具有这样的特点：所述处理剂浸轧的过程的为将温度升至30-60℃浸轧0.5-2小时后，保持处理剂浸轧的状态自然冷却至室温。
本发明的作用和效果
本发明通过使用一种特殊的处理剂来处理锦纶/氨纶针织织物，使整理后的织物具有吸水、透湿、快干的特性，同时兼有柔软、蓬松、平滑、悬垂性好的良好手感，同时具有良好的耐洗性。
在本发明中，由于该处理剂采用异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、聚丙烯酸丁酯、小分子扩链剂、有机酸、环氧树脂制造而成，为一种水溶性的含改性聚氨酯结构的处理剂，由于该处理剂中的环氧树脂、聚氨酯的结构片段，能与氨纶纤维分子进行吸附或通过共价键结合，在织物的表面形成水性基团，从而提高织物的吸水，透湿性。
此外，由于此类结构的处理剂渗透性强，即使氨纶纤维分子的堆彻较为紧密，也能通过其渗透性强的特点***其分子间，并与之以氢键的形式结合，使其在微观结构上实现结合并具有水溶性的功能，进一步提高织物对水分子的渗透和传递功能，提高吸水、透湿、快干的特性，由于织物的结构并未被改变，故而，其本身所具有的柔软、蓬松、平滑、悬垂性好的良好手感、耐洗性好等功能不会再整理的过程中消失。
此外，配合本发明阶段性升降温浸轧处理，能明显提高处理剂的处理效果。利用该处理剂的结构和热处理效应，更易于与氨纶纤维分子结合。
此外，配合本发明的阶段性烘焙处理，能明显提高处理剂的处理效果。在初始阶段使纤维分子与处理剂进行渗透、融合阶段采用高温处理的方式，使处理剂深层渗透和反应、后期的定型阶段使处理剂完全被固化于织物结构上。
具体实施方式
实施例一、处理剂1#的制造
步骤一、将100g异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯与100g聚丙烯酸丁酯，于80℃的温度下反应3小时；
步骤二、加入5g氢醌一二(β一羟乙基)醚，于80℃的温度下，继续反应1小时；
步骤三、加入100g丁二酸和100g环氧树脂，于150℃的温度下反应2小时；
步骤四、热过滤，减压蒸去残留酸等低沸点溶剂，再次过滤，自然冷却至室温即为处理剂1#。
实施例二、处理剂2#的制造
步骤一、将100g异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯与300g聚丙烯酸丁酯，于120℃的温度下反应1小时；
步骤二、加入15g氢醌一二(β一羟乙基)醚，于120℃的温度下，继续反应0.5小时；
步骤三、加入80g 1,3-二羟基甲基丁二酸和150g环氧树脂，于150℃的温度下反应5小时；
步骤四、热过滤，减压蒸去残留酸等低沸点溶剂，再次过滤，自然冷却至室温即为处理剂2#。
实施例三、处理剂3#的制造
步骤一、将100g异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯与500g聚丙烯酸丁酯，于100℃的温度下反应1小时；
步骤二、加入35g山梨醇，于120℃的温度下，继续反应0.5小时；
步骤三、加入100g 1,3-二羟基甲基丁二酸和200g环氧树脂，于110℃的温度下反应4小时；
步骤四、热过滤，减压蒸去残留酸等低沸点溶剂，再次过滤，自然冷却至室温即为处理剂3#。
实施例四、织物的整理
织物选用：锦/氨纶针织布180g/m2,上海嘉乐股份有限公司
处理剂选用：处理剂1#
工艺流程：工序一(浸轧)→工序二(烘干)→工序三(焙烘)
该工序一中，处理剂的用量为40-70克/每升；
该工序二中，烘干的温度为100-120℃；
该工序三中，烘焙的温度为140-200℃，烘焙时间为90-160秒。
实验一、
工序一、处理剂用量60g/L，将织物浸泡于处理剂中，将体系温度升至45℃浸轧1小时后，保持处理剂浸轧的状态自然冷却至室温。
工序二、于100℃烘干织物；
工序三、烘焙定型阶段：
初始阶段的烘焙温度为150℃，烘焙时间为30秒；快速升温至170℃，烘焙时间为65秒；快速升温至200℃，烘焙时间为15秒。
实验二、
工序一、处理剂用量40g/L，将织物浸泡于处理剂中，将体系温度升至60℃浸轧0.5小时后，保持处理剂浸轧的状态自然冷却至室温。
工序二、于120℃烘干织物；
工序三、烘焙定型阶段：
初始阶段的烘焙温度为140℃，烘焙时间为30秒；快速升温至150℃，烘焙时间为90秒；快速升温至170℃，烘焙时间为40秒。
实验三、
工序一、处理剂用量70g/L，将织物浸泡于处理剂中，将体系温度升至30℃浸轧2小时后，保持处理剂浸轧的状态自然冷却至室温。
工序二、于120℃烘干织物；
工序三、烘焙定型阶段：
初始阶段的烘焙温度为140℃，烘焙时间为15秒；快速升温至160℃，烘焙时间为60秒；快速升温至190℃，烘焙时间为15秒。
实验一、测试整理前后的织物的弹性、洗水性、毛效等指标如下：
实验二、测试整理前后的织物的弹性、洗水性、毛效等指标如下：
实验一、测试整理前后的织物的弹性、洗水性、毛效等指标如下：
从以上的测试结果表明整理后的织物弹性变得更好，吸水性能和毛效得到改善，整理后的织物的弹性性能、吸湿性和毛效都能满足服用性能需求。

Claims (10)

1.一种提高锦/氨针织织物吸湿排汗性能的方法，其特征在于，依次经如下工序进行处理：
工序一、处理剂浸轧；
工序二、烘干；
工序三、烘焙；
其中，所述处理剂由如下组分的物质制造而成：异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、聚丙烯酸丁酯、小分子扩链剂、有机酸、环氧树脂；
所述工序一中，处理剂的用量为40-70克/每升；
所述工序二中，烘干的温度为100-120℃；
所述工序三中，烘焙的温度为140-200℃，烘焙时间为90-160秒。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种提高锦/氨针织织物吸湿排汗性能的方法，其特征在于：
所述处理剂的制造方法如下所示：
步骤一、将异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯与聚丙烯酸丁酯，于80-120℃的温度下反应1-3小时；
步骤二、加入小分子扩链剂反应0.5-1小时；
步骤三、加入有机酸和环氧树脂，于110-150℃的温度下反应2-5小时；
步骤四、减压蒸去溶剂，自然冷却至室温即为处理剂。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种提高锦/氨针织织物吸湿排汗性能的方法，其特征在于：
所述异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯与聚丙烯酸丁酯的质量比为1：1-5；
所述小分子扩链剂的用量为异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和聚丙烯酸丁酯质量综合1-2％。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种提高锦/氨针织织物吸湿排汗性能的方法，其特征在于：
所述有机酸的用量为步骤二反应产物的质量的10-50％；
所述环氧树脂与异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯的质量比为1：1-2。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种提高锦/氨针织织物吸湿排汗性能的方法，其特征在于：
所述小分子扩链剂选自1，4一丁二醇、1，6一己二醇、甘油、三羟甲基丙烷、二甘醇、三甘醇、新戊二醇、山梨醇、二乙氨基乙醇、乙二胺、N，N-二羟基(二异丙基)苯胺、氢醌一二(β一羟乙基)醚。
6.如权利要求1所述的一种提高锦/氨针织织物吸湿排汗性能的方法，其特征在于：
所述有机酸选自碳原子不大于的8的脂肪酸及其衍生物。
7.如权利要求1-6任一所述的一种提高锦/氨针织织物吸湿排汗性能的方法，其特征在于：
所述烘焙的过程包括三个阶段：初始阶段、融合阶段和定型阶段。
8.如权利要求7所述的一种提高锦/氨针织织物吸湿排汗性能的方法，其特征在于：
所述初始阶段的烘焙温度为140-150℃，烘焙时间为15-30秒；
所述融合阶段的烘焙温度为150-170℃，烘焙时间为60-90秒；
所述定型阶段的烘焙温度为170-200℃，烘焙时间为15-40秒。
9.如权利要求1-8任一所述的一种提高锦/氨针织织物吸湿排汗性能的方法，其特征在于:
所述处理剂浸轧的过程包括至少两个阶段；
其中，所述两个阶段为升温阶段和降温阶段。
10.如权利要求9所述的一种提高锦/氨针织织物吸湿排汗性能的方法，其特征在于:
所述处理剂浸轧的过程的为将温度升至30-60℃浸轧0.5-2小时后，保持处理剂浸轧的状态自然冷却至室温。
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