CN106676222B - The facility and method of a kind of lateritic nickel ore coal original washing powder state also original production ferronickel - Google Patents
The facility and method of a kind of lateritic nickel ore coal original washing powder state also original production ferronickel Download PDFInfo
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- CN106676222B CN106676222B CN201611124774.0A CN201611124774A CN106676222B CN 106676222 B CN106676222 B CN 106676222B CN 201611124774 A CN201611124774 A CN 201611124774A CN 106676222 B CN106676222 B CN 106676222B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/14—Multi-stage processes processes carried out in different vessels or furnaces
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/0006—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes obtaining iron or steel in a molten state
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/0066—Preliminary conditioning of the solid carbonaceous reductant
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/0086—Conditioning, transformation of reduced iron ores
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B3/00—General features in the manufacture of pig-iron
- C21B3/04—Recovery of by-products, e.g. slag
- C21B3/06—Treatment of liquid slag
- C21B3/08—Cooling slag
Abstract
The facility and method of a kind of lateritic nickel ore coal original washing powder state also original production ferronickel, belong to the facility and method of laterite nickel ore and producing ferronickel.Step：（1）Powder prepares and homogenizing, completes drying, grinding and the homogenizing of raw ore and slag adjusting agent；（2）The coking of reduction coal is completed in the upgrading and preparation of reducing agent, while providing also Primordial Qi；（3）Powder preheats prereduction, and miberal powder and slag adjusting agent, which are blended in preheater, completes dry, heating and prereduction into mixing mineral aggregate；（4）Mix mineral aggregate reduction：It mixes mineral aggregate and is reduced into reduction mineral aggregate with coal tar and also Primordial Qi in medium temperature reduction kiln；（5）Melting and reducing detaches：Reduction mineral aggregate divides the while of completing remaining reduction in kiln to realize slag sluicing system in high temperature melting；（6）Discharging：It melts ferronickel and melts slag and released from different channels, form ferronickel finished product；（7）Slag treatment：High-temperature slag cools down, and cycle is mixed and stirred, and high-temperature residual heat is provided for preamble technique.This method size of capacity is big, at low cost, and kiln mine is stablized, and heat utilization ratio is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of facility of laterite nickel ore and producing ferronickel and methods, more particularly to a kind of lateritic nickel ore coal base
The facility and method of powder state also original production ferronickel.
Background technology
Important source material of the pyrogenic process refining ferronickel as production stainless steel, is increasingly subject to stainless steel enterprises from lateritic nickel ore
Favor.The prevailing technology of lateritic nickel ore pyrometallurgical smelting is rotary kiln-mineral hot furnace method（RKEF methods）, i.e. coke in rotary kiln（Or it is high
Quality reduction coal）Prereduction, electrical heating melting separation in mineral hot furnace.Since lateritic nickel ore belongs to low-grade ore（Nickel content is general
It is 1% ~ 2%）, moisture content is high, and gangue content is complicated, and preheating, dry, sintering, prereduction process are being realized by rotary kiln
In, material ring formation problem is very prominent, it has to reduction rotary kiln reduction temperature or increase pelletizing sintering process be taken to be used as and change
Into means, cause production capacity relatively low；One side coke cost is high, and reduction coal is stringent to ash requirements, promotes and applies limited；Separately
On the one hand, increase pelletizing sintering process and also improve investment and cost；In addition, mineral hot furnace is melted using electrically heated mode
Reduction and separation, higher energy consumption is always bottleneck problem；Therefore, the method gesture for the coal base production ferronickel for being suitble to China's national situation is explored
It must go.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to overcome traditional handicraft have the shortcomings that high energy consumption, low output, operating mode have some setbacks, it is of high cost,
The facility and method of a kind of lateritic nickel ore coal original washing powder state also original production ferronickel are provided.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this：A kind of facility of lateritic nickel ore coal original washing powder state also original production ferronickel includes：
Crushing raw ore machine, flour mill, miberal powder homogenizing storehouse, miberal powder weigher, residue adjustment powder homogenizing storehouse, residue adjustment powder weigher, mixes at homogenizing stockyard
Expect transporter, burner, coker, coal tar weigher, gas piping, multistage preheater, medium temperature reduction kiln, connector, high temperature
It is molten to divide kiln, casting machine, spice bed, slag charge crusher, cooler, dust-precipitator, air blower, high-temperature blower and circulating fan；
Crushing raw ore machine, homogenizing stockyard, flour mill, miberal powder homogenizing storehouse and miberal powder weigher are connected to mixed after being linked in sequence
Expect that the input terminal of transporter, residue adjustment powder homogenizing storehouse are connected to the input terminal of batch mixing transporter by residue adjustment powder weigher；Batch mixing is transported
Defeated machine output end is connect with multistage preheater input terminal；The multistage vertical arranged in series of preheater；Multistage preheater bottom discharge mouth
It is connect with medium temperature reduction kiln tail；The kiln hood of medium temperature reduction kiln divides the kiln tail of kiln to connect by connector with high temperature melting；High temperature melting point
Casting machine is equipped with below kiln；High temperature melting divides kiln to be equipped with kiln head cover, and kiln head cover is equipped with burner inlet；Spice is equipped with below kiln head cover
Bed is equipped with material residue crusher in the top of spice bed；The outlet of spice bed is connect with cooler；
Residue adjustment powder homogenizing storehouse is exported by residue adjustment powder weigher, while being connect with connector and batch mixing transporter；
Coker is connect by gas piping with connector, coker by coal tar weigher simultaneously with medium temperature reduction kiln and
Connector connects；
Air blower is connect by pipeline with cooler；
High-temperature blower air inlet is connect by pipeline with cooler, high-temperature blower air outlet by pipeline respectively with coking
Device, flour mill, burner connection；
Circulating fan air inlet connect by pipeline with the top of multistage preheater, circulating fan air outlet by pipeline and
Connector connects；
Dust-precipitator air inlet is connect at the top of crushing raw ore machine, flour mill, multistage preheater respectively by pipeline, dust-precipitator
Air outlet outside air-introduced machine by arranging.
The medium temperature reduction kiln and high temperature melting divide kiln along stream direction by connector in decline staged arranged in series,
Medium temperature reduction kiln and high temperature melting divide the axis of kiln to tilt down, 1 °~5 ° of inclination angle, medium temperature reduction kiln kiln hood radial direction section center
The line at the kiln tail radial direction section center of kiln is divided to tilt down with high temperature melting, 60 °~70 ° of inclination angle range.
The method of lateritic nickel ore coal original washing powder state reduction of pig iron ferronickel includes the following steps：（1）Powder prepares and homogenizing, completes
Drying, grinding and the homogenizing of raw ore and slag adjusting agent；（2）The upgrading and preparation of reducing agent, complete the coking of reduction coal, provide simultaneously
Also Primordial Qi；（3）The mixing mineral aggregate of powder preheating prereduction, miberal powder and slag adjusting agent is completed dry, heating in preheater and is gone back in advance
Original forms mixing mineral aggregate；（4）Mix mineral aggregate reduction：Mix mineral aggregate in medium temperature reduction kiln with coal tar and also Primordial Qi progress main body
Reduction forms reduction mineral aggregate；（5）Melting and reducing detaches：Reduction mineral aggregate divides in kiln the melting that is rapidly heated in high temperature melting, residual in completion
Slag sluicing system is realized while remaining reduction；（6）Discharging：It melts ferronickel and melts slag and released from different channels, form ferronickel finished product；
（7）Slag treatment：High-temperature slag cools down, and cycle is mixed and stirred, and high-temperature residual heat is provided for preamble technique.
It is as follows：
Step 1, powder prepare and homogenizing：It is pre- that lateritic nickel ore enters the progress of homogenizing stockyard after crushing raw ore crusher machine
Change, the mineral aggregate after pre- homogenizing is homogenized after flour mill is further levigate into miberal powder homogenizing storehouse, and powder particle size is less than
0.3mm；
Residue adjustment powder is homogenized by residue adjustment powder homogenizing storehouse, and the granularity of residue adjustment powder is less than 0.3mm；
The crushing raw ore machine and flour mill are connect with high-temperature flue gas import and dust-precipitator pipeline, by air-introduced machine outside
Row completes mineral aggregate drying and is gathered dust while broken and grinding；
The upgrading and preparation of step 2, reducing agent：Reduction coal carries out pyrolysis coking upgrading by coker, forms reproducibility
Stronger coal tar and coal gas, high-temperature flue gas of the heat source from high-temperature blower of coker；
Step 3, powder preheat prereduction：Miberal powder and residue adjustment powder from homogenizing storehouse be set separately ratio by weigher measure to
Go out, the mass ratio range of the miberal powder and residue adjustment powder is 100:3~100:10, by batch mixing transporter by compound powder from
Top feeding enters multistage preheater, compound powder and the reverse flow in multistage preheater of the flue gas from medium temperature reduction kiln,
The cooling of the rapid draing preheating and high-temperature flue gas of compound powder is completed, while miberal powder occurs in advance with the reducibility gas in flue gas
Reduction reaction, residue adjustment powder are completed to decompose under flue-gas temperature, and the flue-gas temperature through being discharged at the top of multistage preheater is less than 300 DEG C,
Multistage preheater bottom mixing mineral aggregate drop temperature is 800 DEG C~850 DEG C；Multistage preheater arrangement mode is vertical single-row or perpendicular
To biserial, series is designed according to reaction speed and is determined；Multistage preheater is connected by pipe pipeline with dust-precipitator, by air-introduced machine outside
Row；
Step 4, mixing mineral aggregate reduction：800 DEG C~850 DEG C of mixing mineral aggregate is in the kiln tail of medium temperature reduction kiln and from coking
The coal tar of device enters medium temperature reduction kiln together, forms mine coke mixture, coal tar addition is according to setting ratio by coal tar weigher
Control, the coal tar are 10 with the mass ratio range for mixing mineral aggregate:100~30:100；Mine coke mixture is in medium temperature reduction kiln
It is interior with flue gas reverse flow, mine coke mixture during being advanced slowly to kiln hood, iron-doped nickel oxide therein and coal tar and
Coal gas completes main body reduction in medium temperature reduction kiln, forms reduction mineral aggregate；The part of multistage preheater is less than 300 by circulating fan
DEG C low-temperature flue gas be blown into connector through piping, divide the high-temperature flue gas of kiln to mix with from high temperature melting so that enter medium temperature also
Flue-gas temperature remains 1100 DEG C~1200 DEG C in former kiln kiln, and the coal gas for being simultaneously from coker also enters connection through gas piping
Device increases the reducing atmosphere of medium temperature reduction kiln；It is 900 DEG C~1000 DEG C to restore mineral aggregate kiln discharge temperature；
Step 5, melting and reducing and separation：900 DEG C~1000 DEG C of reduction mineral aggregate enters high temperature melting through connector and divides kiln, together
When coal tar and residue adjustment powder enter high temperature melting through connector also according to setting ratio and divide kiln, the quality of the coal tar and reduction mineral aggregate
Proportional region is 3:100~10:100, residue adjustment powder is 3 with the mass ratio range for restoring mineral aggregate:100~10:100；Burner will
Coal dust and flue gas from high-temperature blower spray into kiln head cover and fully burn, and form high-temperature flue gas stream and enter high temperature melting and divide kiln, restore
Mineral aggregate and coal tar, which divide in high temperature melting in kiln, to be brought rapidly up, and the reduction of remaining ferronickel is completed at the same time；High temperature melting divides kiln flue-gas temperature to protect
It is 1600 DEG C~1700 DEG C to hold, and melting material temperature is 1450 DEG C~1500 DEG C in kiln；Fused materials are according to proportion difference in kiln
It is inside automatically separated, forms the structural system that lower part is melting ferronickel water and top is slag；
Step 6, discharging：When high temperature melting divides ferronickel amount reaches setting value in kiln after, high temperature melting divides kiln to stop operating, and opens high
Temperature is molten to divide the kiln body taphole of kiln continuously to release ferronickel water to enter casting machine, form ferronickel block finished product, while kiln internal upper part slag
It is overflowed by kilneye and enters spice bed through kiln head cover, exported from spice bed to cooler, slag is expelled to slag after cooler cools down
Expect crusher, becomes low temperature slag charge after slag charge crusher in crushing；It closes and puts after this batch ferronickel water reaches setting discharging amount
Fluid apertures is rotated further high temperature and mixes rotary kiln；During discharging, other each step work continue；
Step 7, Slag treatment：High-temperature slag into spice bed is mixed with the low temperature slag charge from slag charge crusher, quickly
The temperature for reducing melting slag charge forms temperature and mixes and stirs slag charge for 800 DEG C~900 DEG C, mixes and stirs slag charge and be changed by fused solution
Sticky solid-state enters cooler, and a large amount of natural winds are quickly blasted cooler and slag charge is quickly cooled down, obtained simultaneously by air blower
High-temperature flue gas provides heat source for preamble technique；The part discharging of cooler is recycled into slag charge crusher, persistently provides low temperature slag
Material is for mixing and stirring.
Advantageous effect and advantage, the present invention compared with traditional coal base method, have the advantages that following effectively effect and：
1, the multiple tracks homogenizing process provided with lateritic nickel ore realizes the abundant homogenizing from raw ore to miberal powder, fundamentally
It reduces sudden kiln condition caused by gangue content unevenness in raw material to have some setbacks problem, while reducing the difficulty that analysis kiln mine has some setbacks
Degree.
Once traditional pellet forming process dispensing balling-up 2, is overcome to be difficult to change the defect of proportioning, use reduction coal upgrading and
On the one hand adding technology afterwards reduces the scaling loss of reduction coal, improve reduction coal utilization rate, on the other hand can quickly change into
The dosage of kiln reducing agent has the means according to kiln condition rapid Optimum reducing agent dosage.
3, slag adjusting agent and lateritic nickel ore use the technique for being independently homogenized and measuring before entering preheater, can
Quickly change and stablize proportioning, in addition, slag adjusting agent is provided with emergent quickly addition channel at connector, can fully ensure height
The molten operating mode for dividing kiln of temperature so that slag iron is sufficiently separated.
4, raw material continuously heats up step by step in entire technological process, and raw material reacts continuous-stable, and reaction power load distributing is equal
Even, system energy consumption is greatly saved in slag charge and recycling residual heat.
5, it is fed using preheater powder state, rapid draing and prereduction, utilization efficiency of heat energy is high.
6, the cheap low-order coal of high volatile can be used in reduction coal, and that has expanded traditional coal base method uses coal range, China low
Rank coal is widely distributed, advantageously reduces cost of material.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
A kind of facility of lateritic nickel ore coal original washing powder state also original production ferronickel includes：Crushing raw ore machine, homogenizing stockyard, grinding
Machine, miberal powder homogenizing storehouse, miberal powder weigher, residue adjustment powder homogenizing storehouse, residue adjustment powder weigher, batch mixing transporter, burner, coker,
Coal tar weigher, gas piping, multistage preheater, medium temperature reduction kiln, connector, high temperature melting divide kiln, casting machine, spice bed, slag
Expect crusher, cooler, dust-precipitator, air blower, high-temperature blower and circulating fan；
Crushing raw ore machine, homogenizing stockyard, flour mill, miberal powder homogenizing storehouse and miberal powder weigher are connected to mixed after being linked in sequence
Expect that the input terminal of transporter, residue adjustment powder homogenizing storehouse are connected to the input terminal of batch mixing transporter by residue adjustment powder weigher；Batch mixing is transported
Defeated machine output end is connect with multistage preheater input terminal；The multistage vertical arranged in series of preheater；Multistage preheater bottom discharge mouth
It is connect with medium temperature reduction kiln tail；The kiln hood of medium temperature reduction kiln divides the kiln tail of kiln to connect by connector with high temperature melting；High temperature melting point
Casting machine is equipped with below kiln；High temperature melting divides kiln to be equipped with kiln head cover, and kiln head cover is equipped with burner inlet；Spice is equipped with below kiln head cover
Bed is equipped with material residue crusher in the top of spice bed；The outlet of spice bed is connect with cooler；
Residue adjustment powder homogenizing storehouse is exported by residue adjustment powder weigher, while being connect with connector and batch mixing transporter；
Coker is connect by gas piping with connector, coker by coal tar weigher simultaneously with medium temperature reduction kiln and
Connector connects；
Air blower is connect by pipeline with cooler；
High-temperature blower air inlet is connect by pipeline with cooler, high-temperature blower air outlet by pipeline respectively with coking
Device, flour mill, burner connection；
Circulating fan air inlet connect by pipeline with the top of multistage preheater, circulating fan air outlet by pipeline and
Connector connects；
Dust-precipitator air inlet is connect at the top of crushing raw ore machine, flour mill, multistage preheater respectively by pipeline, dust-precipitator
Air outlet outside air-introduced machine by arranging.
The medium temperature reduction kiln and high temperature melting divide kiln along stream direction by connector in decline staged arranged in series,
Medium temperature reduction kiln and high temperature melting divide the axis of kiln to tilt down, 1 °~5 ° of inclination angle, medium temperature reduction kiln kiln hood radial direction section center
The line at the kiln tail radial direction section center of kiln is divided to tilt down with high temperature melting, 60 °~70 ° of inclination angle range.
The method of lateritic nickel ore coal original washing powder state reduction of pig iron ferronickel includes the following steps：（1）Powder prepares and homogenizing, completes
Drying, grinding and the homogenizing of raw ore and slag adjusting agent；（2）The upgrading and preparation of reducing agent, complete the coking of reduction coal, provide simultaneously
Also Primordial Qi；（3）The mixing mineral aggregate of powder preheating prereduction, miberal powder and slag adjusting agent is completed dry, heating in preheater and is gone back in advance
Original forms mixing mineral aggregate；（4）Mix mineral aggregate reduction：Mix mineral aggregate in medium temperature reduction kiln with coal tar and also Primordial Qi progress main body
Reduction forms reduction mineral aggregate；（5）Melting and reducing detaches：Reduction mineral aggregate divides in kiln the melting that is rapidly heated in high temperature melting, residual in completion
Slag sluicing system is realized while remaining reduction；（6）Discharging：It melts ferronickel and melts slag and released from different channels, form ferronickel finished product；
（7）Slag treatment：High-temperature slag cools down, and cycle is mixed and stirred, and high-temperature residual heat is provided for preamble technique.
It is as follows：
Step 1, powder prepare and homogenizing：It is pre- that lateritic nickel ore enters the progress of homogenizing stockyard after crushing raw ore crusher machine
Change, the mineral aggregate after pre- homogenizing is homogenized after flour mill is further levigate into miberal powder homogenizing storehouse, and powder particle size is less than
0.3mm；
Residue adjustment powder is homogenized by residue adjustment powder homogenizing storehouse, and the granularity of residue adjustment powder is less than 0.3mm；
The crushing raw ore machine and flour mill are connect with high-temperature flue gas import and dust-precipitator pipeline, by air-introduced machine outside
Row completes mineral aggregate drying and is gathered dust while broken and grinding；
The upgrading and preparation of step 2, reducing agent：Reduction coal carries out pyrolysis coking upgrading by coker, forms reproducibility
Stronger coal tar and coal gas, high-temperature flue gas of the heat source from high-temperature blower of coker；
Step 3, powder preheat prereduction：Miberal powder and residue adjustment powder from homogenizing storehouse respectively by setting ratio by weigher measure to
Go out, the mass ratio range of the miberal powder and residue adjustment powder is 100:3~100:10, by batch mixing transporter by compound powder from
Top feeding enters multistage preheater, compound powder and the reverse flow in multistage preheater of the flue gas from medium temperature reduction kiln,
The cooling of the rapid draing preheating and high-temperature flue gas of compound powder is completed, while miberal powder occurs in advance with the reducibility gas in flue gas
Reduction reaction, residue adjustment powder are completed to decompose under flue-gas temperature, and the flue-gas temperature through being discharged at the top of multistage preheater is less than 300 DEG C,
Multistage preheater bottom mixing mineral aggregate drop temperature is 800 DEG C~850 DEG C；Multistage preheater arrangement mode is vertical single-row or perpendicular
To biserial, series is designed according to reaction speed and is determined；Multistage preheater is connected by pipe pipeline with dust-precipitator, by air-introduced machine outside
Row；
Step 4, mixing mineral aggregate reduction：800 DEG C~850 DEG C of mixing mineral aggregate is in the kiln tail of medium temperature reduction kiln and from coking
The coal tar of device enters medium temperature reduction kiln together, forms mine coke mixture, coal tar addition is according to setting ratio by coal tar weigher
Control；Mine coke mixture is with flue gas reverse flow in medium temperature reduction kiln, and mine coke mixture is in the process being advanced slowly to kiln hood
In, iron-doped nickel oxide therein completes main body reduction with coal tar and coal gas in medium temperature reduction kiln, forms reduction mineral aggregate；Circulated air
Low-temperature flue gas of the machine by the part of multistage preheater less than 300 DEG C is blown into connector through piping, divides kiln with from high temperature melting
High-temperature flue gas mixes so that flue-gas temperature remains 1100 DEG C~1200 DEG C in into medium temperature reduction kiln kiln, is simultaneously from coking
The coal gas of device also enters connector through gas piping, increases the reducing atmosphere of medium temperature reduction kiln；It is 900 to restore mineral aggregate kiln discharge temperature
DEG C~1000 DEG C；
Step 5, melting and reducing and separation：900 DEG C~1000 DEG C of reduction mineral aggregate enters high temperature melting through connector and divides kiln, together
When coal tar and residue adjustment powder enter high temperature melting through connector also according to setting ratio and divide kiln, the quality of the coal tar and reduction mineral aggregate
Proportional region is 3:100~10:100；The mass ratio range of the residue adjustment powder and reduction mineral aggregate is 3:100~10:100；Combustion
Coal dust and flue gas from high-temperature blower are sprayed into kiln head cover and fully burnt by burner, are formed high-temperature flue gas stream and are entered high temperature melting point
Kiln, reduction mineral aggregate and coal tar, which divide in high temperature melting in kiln, to be brought rapidly up, and the reduction of remaining ferronickel is completed at the same time；High temperature melting divides kiln flue gas
Temperature remains 1600 DEG C~1700 DEG C, and melting material temperature is 1450 DEG C~1500 DEG C in kiln；Fused materials according to proportion not
It is automatically separated in kiln, forms the structural system that lower part is melting ferronickel water and top is slag；
Step 6, discharging：When high temperature melting divides ferronickel amount reaches setting value in kiln after, high temperature melting divides kiln to stop operating, and opens high
Temperature is molten to divide the kiln body taphole of kiln continuously to release ferronickel water to enter casting machine, form ferronickel block finished product, while kiln internal upper part slag
It is overflowed by kilneye and enters spice bed through kiln head cover, exported from spice bed to cooler, slag is expelled to slag after cooler cools down
Expect crusher, becomes low temperature slag charge after slag charge crusher in crushing；It closes and puts after this batch ferronickel water reaches setting discharging amount
Fluid apertures is rotated further high temperature and mixes rotary kiln；During discharging, other each step work continue；
Step 7, Slag treatment：High-temperature slag into spice bed is mixed with the low temperature slag charge from slag charge crusher, quickly
The temperature for reducing melting slag charge forms temperature and mixes and stirs slag charge for 800 DEG C~900 DEG C, mixes and stirs slag charge and be changed by fused solution
Sticky solid-state enters cooler, and a large amount of natural winds are quickly blasted cooler and slag charge is quickly cooled down, obtained simultaneously by air blower
High-temperature flue gas provides heat source for preamble technique；The part discharging of cooler is recycled into slag charge crusher, persistently provides low temperature slag
Material is for mixing and stirring.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of facility of lateritic nickel ore coal original washing powder state also original production ferronickel, it is characterized in that：Facility includes：Crushing raw ore machine,
Change stockyard, flour mill, miberal powder homogenizing storehouse, miberal powder weigher, residue adjustment powder homogenizing storehouse, residue adjustment powder weigher, batch mixing transporter, burning
Device, coker, coal tar weigher, gas piping, multistage preheater, medium temperature reduction kiln, connector, high temperature melting divide kiln, casting machine,
Spice bed, slag charge crusher, cooler, dust-precipitator, air blower, high-temperature blower and circulating fan；
Crushing raw ore machine, homogenizing stockyard, flour mill, miberal powder homogenizing storehouse and miberal powder weigher are connected to batch mixing fortune after being linked in sequence
The input terminal of defeated machine, residue adjustment powder homogenizing storehouse are connected to the input terminal of batch mixing transporter by residue adjustment powder weigher；Batch mixing transporter
Output end is connect with multistage preheater input terminal；The multistage vertical arranged in series of preheater；Multistage preheater bottom discharge mouth is in
Warm reduction kiln kiln tail connection；The kiln hood of medium temperature reduction kiln divides the kiln tail of kiln to connect by connector with high temperature melting；High temperature melting divides kiln
Lower section is equipped with casting machine；High temperature melting divides kiln to be equipped with kiln head cover, and kiln head cover is equipped with burner inlet；Spice is equipped with below kiln head cover
Bed is equipped with slag charge crusher in the top of spice bed；The outlet of spice bed is connect with cooler；
Residue adjustment powder homogenizing storehouse is exported by residue adjustment powder weigher, while being connect with connector and batch mixing transporter；
Coker is connect by gas piping with connector, coker by coal tar weigher simultaneously with medium temperature reduction kiln and connect
Device connects；
Air blower is connect by pipeline with cooler；
High-temperature blower air inlet is connect by pipeline with cooler, high-temperature blower air outlet by pipeline respectively with coker, powder
Grinding machine, burner connection；
Circulating fan air inlet is connect by pipeline with the top of multistage preheater, circulating fan air outlet by pipeline with connect
Device connects；
Dust-precipitator air inlet is connect at the top of crushing raw ore machine, flour mill, multistage preheater respectively by pipeline, dust-precipitator outlet air
Mouth passes through to be arranged outside air-introduced machine.
2. a kind of facility of lateritic nickel ore coal original washing powder state according to claim 1 also original production ferronickel, it is characterized in that：It is described
Medium temperature reduction kiln and high temperature melting divide kiln along stream direction by connector in decline staged arranged in series, medium temperature reduction kiln and
High temperature melting divides the axis of kiln to tilt down, 1 °~5 ° of inclination angle, kiln hood radial direction section center and the high temperature melting point of medium temperature reduction kiln
The line at the kiln tail radial direction section center of kiln tilts down, 60 °~70 ° of inclination angle range.
3. a kind of method of lateritic nickel ore coal original washing powder state also original production ferronickel, it is characterized in that：Lateritic nickel ore coal original washing powder state is also primary
The method of iron ferronickel includes the following steps：（1）Powder prepares and homogenizing, completes drying, grinding and the homogenizing of raw ore and slag adjusting agent；
（2）The coking of reduction coal is completed in the upgrading and preparation of reducing agent, while providing also Primordial Qi；（3）Powder preheats prereduction, miberal powder
Dry, heating and prereduction are completed in preheater with the mixing mineral aggregate of slag adjusting agent, form mixing mineral aggregate；（4）Mix mineral aggregate also
It is former：It mixes mineral aggregate and carries out main body reduction, formation reduction mineral aggregate with coal tar and also Primordial Qi in medium temperature reduction kiln；（5）Melting and reducing
Separation：Reduction mineral aggregate divides in kiln the melting that is rapidly heated in high temperature melting, and slag sluicing system is realized while completing remaining reduction；（6）
Discharging：Melting ferronickel and slag are released from different channels, form ferronickel finished product；（7）Slag treatment：High-temperature slag cools down, and cycle is mixed
With provide high-temperature residual heat for preamble technique.
4. the method for lateritic nickel ore coal original washing powder state according to claim 3 also original production ferronickel, it is characterized in that：Specific steps
It is as follows：
Step 1, powder prepare and homogenizing：Lateritic nickel ore enters homogenizing stockyard after crushing raw ore crusher machine and is homogenized in advance, in advance
Mineral aggregate after homogenizing is homogenized after flour mill is further levigate into miberal powder homogenizing storehouse, and powder particle size is less than 0.3mm；
Residue adjustment powder is homogenized by residue adjustment powder homogenizing storehouse, and the granularity of residue adjustment powder is less than 0.3mm；
The crushing raw ore machine and flour mill are connect with high-temperature flue gas import and dust-precipitator pipeline, by being arranged outside air-introduced machine,
Mineral aggregate drying is completed while broken and grinding and is gathered dust；
The upgrading and preparation of step 2, reducing agent：Reduction coal carries out pyrolysis coking upgrading by coker, and it is stronger to form reproducibility
Coal tar and coal gas, high-temperature flue gas of the heat source from high-temperature blower of coker；
Step 3, powder preheat prereduction：Miberal powder and residue adjustment powder are provided by setting ratio by weigher metering respectively from homogenizing storehouse,
The mass ratio range of the miberal powder and residue adjustment powder is 100:3~100:10, by batch mixing transporter by compound powder from top
Feeding enters multistage preheater, compound powder and the reverse flow in multistage preheater of the flue gas from medium temperature reduction kiln, completes
The rapid draing preheating of compound powder and the cooling of high-temperature flue gas, while with the reducibility gas in flue gas prereduction occurs for miberal powder
Reaction, residue adjustment powder are completed to decompose under flue-gas temperature, and the flue-gas temperature through being discharged at the top of multistage preheater is multistage less than 300 DEG C
Mixing mineral aggregate drop temperature in preheater bottom is 800 DEG C~850 DEG C；Multistage preheater arrangement mode is vertical single-row or vertical double
Row, series are designed according to reaction speed and are determined；Multistage preheater is connected by pipeline with dust-precipitator, by being arranged outside air-introduced machine；
Step 4, mixing mineral aggregate reduction：800 DEG C~850 DEG C of mixing mineral aggregate is in the kiln tail of medium temperature reduction kiln and from coker
Coal tar enters medium temperature reduction kiln together, forms mine coke mixture, and coal tar addition is controlled according to setting ratio by coal tar weigher；
Mine coke mixture in medium temperature reduction kiln with flue gas reverse flow, mine coke mixture during being advanced slowly to kiln hood,
In iron-doped nickel oxide and coal tar and coal gas completes main body reduction in medium temperature reduction kiln, formed and restore mineral aggregate；Circulating fan will
Low-temperature flue gas of the part of multistage preheater less than 300 DEG C is blown into connector through piping, with the high temperature for dividing kiln from high temperature melting
Flue gas mixes so that flue-gas temperature remains 1100 DEG C~1200 DEG C in into medium temperature reduction kiln kiln, is simultaneously from coker
Coal gas also enters connector through gas piping, increases the reducing atmosphere of medium temperature reduction kiln；Restore mineral aggregate kiln discharge temperature be 900 DEG C~
1000℃；
Step 5, melting and reducing and separation：900 DEG C~1000 DEG C of reduction mineral aggregate enters high temperature melting through connector and divides kiln, while coal
Burnt and residue adjustment powder enters high temperature melting through connector also according to setting ratio and divides kiln, the mass ratio of the coal tar and reduction mineral aggregate
Ranging from 3:100~10:100；The mass ratio range of the residue adjustment powder and reduction mineral aggregate is 3:100~10:100；Burner
Coal dust and the flue gas from high-temperature blower are sprayed into kiln head cover fully to burn, formation high-temperature flue gas stream enters high temperature melting and divides kiln, also
Raw ore material and coal tar, which divide in high temperature melting in kiln, to be brought rapidly up, and the reduction of remaining ferronickel is completed at the same time；High temperature melting divides kiln flue-gas temperature
1600 DEG C~1700 DEG C are remained, melting material temperature is 1450 DEG C~1500 DEG C in kiln；Fused materials exist according to proportion difference
It is automatically separated in kiln, forms the structural system that lower part is melting ferronickel water and top is slag；
Step 6, discharging：When high temperature melting divides ferronickel amount reaches setting value in kiln after, high temperature melting divides kiln to stop operating, open high temperature melting
Divide the kiln body taphole of kiln continuously to release ferronickel water and enter casting machine, forms ferronickel block finished product, while kiln internal upper part slag is by kiln
Mouth is overflowed enters spice bed through kiln head cover, is exported from spice bed to cooler, it is broken that slag is expelled to slag charge after cooler cools down
Broken machine becomes low temperature slag charge after slag charge crusher in crushing；Taphole is closed after this batch ferronickel water reaches setting discharging amount,
It is rotated further high temperature melting and divides kiln；During discharging, other each step work continue；
Step 7, Slag treatment：High-temperature slag into spice bed is mixed with the low temperature slag charge from slag charge crusher, is quickly reduced
The temperature for melting slag charge forms temperature and mixes and stirs slag charge for 800 DEG C~900 DEG C, mix and stir slag charge be changed by fused solution it is sticky
Solid-state enters cooler, and a large amount of natural winds are quickly blasted cooler and slag charge is quickly cooled down by air blower, while obtaining high temperature
Flue gas provides heat source for preamble technique；The part discharging of cooler is recycled into slag charge crusher, persistently provides low temperature slag charge and uses
In mixing and stirring.
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| US3849113A (en) * | 1973-06-12 | 1974-11-19 | Mcdowell Wellman Eng Co | Process for the production of crude ferronickel |
| US4701217A (en) * | 1986-11-06 | 1987-10-20 | University Of Birmingham | Smelting reduction |
| ZA946071B (en) * | 1993-08-30 | 1995-03-16 | Mintek | The production of ferronickel from nickel containing laterite |
| CN102312081B (en) * | 2011-09-23 | 2013-07-17 | 王凯 | Method of preparing nickel alloy from nickel laterite ores with vehicle rapid reducing furnace |
| CN102643997B (en) * | 2012-04-09 | 2015-07-01 | 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 | Laterite-nickel ore processing method for efficiently recovering nickel resources |
| CN103468930B (en) * | 2013-08-16 | 2015-03-18 | 武汉建筑材料工业设计研究院有限公司 | Method and device for preparing nickel iron roasted ore by utilizing lateritic nickel ore |
| CN104531933B (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2017-01-18 | 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 | Method for producing high-quality nickel-iron alloy by reducing laterite-nickel ore under control |
| CN105463185B (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2023-11-24 | 广西北港新材料有限公司 | Duplex method for producing ferronickel by adopting magnetic separation-RKEF |
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Denomination of invention: A facility and method for producing ferronickel from laterite nickel ore by coal based powder reduction Effective date of registration: 20200813 Granted publication date: 20180928 Pledgee: Xuzhou Productivity Promotion Center Pledgor: XUZHOU CUMT BACKFILL TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2020980004918 |