CN106645278A - Rapid immersion type metal solidification heat transfer test device and application and application method thereof - Google Patents
Rapid immersion type metal solidification heat transfer test device and application and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106645278A CN106645278A CN201611031168.4A CN201611031168A CN106645278A CN 106645278 A CN106645278 A CN 106645278A CN 201611031168 A CN201611031168 A CN 201611031168A CN 106645278 A CN106645278 A CN 106645278A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rapid immersion type metal solidification heat transfer test device and an application method of the device. The test device comprises a mechanical system, a data acquisition system and an atmosphere control system; the mechanical system comprises an induction furnace heated electrically, and an immersion type copper mould controlled by a motor; the data acquisition system comprises a thermocouple located in the copper mould and an external data acquisition card and computer; the atmosphere control system comprises a protective gas hood for accommodating the induction furnace and the copper mould, gas inlet and outlet pipes and a gas cylinder; the mechanical system and key parts of the data acquisition system are both arranged in an atmosphere protection room of the atmosphere control system. The test equipment disclosed by the invention is simple and easy in method, high in accuracy and wide in application range and can be used for carrying out heat transfer testing during a metal rapid solidification process in a laboratory scale, thereby replacing direct testing in industrial production, not affecting the normal production, and further being small in consumption and low in test cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of quick immersion metal freezing heat transfer testing device and method, belongs to metal material rapid-result soon
Type technical field.
Background technology
Steel industry is the basic industry of national economy, the stable development of supporter China economy.In Steel Production Flow Chart
In, casting is the step of wherein liquid is changed into solid, is also the committed step for producing steel products.In recent years, continuous casting steel machine skill
Art is the predominant methods of molten steel casting in recent years.Advanced continuous casting technology requires more preferable slab quality, while requiring strand with more
Fast cooldown rate solidifies to improve the production efficiency of iron and steel.It means that in same time, what molten steel outwardly conducted
Heat rolls up.The new strip continuous casting technology of particularly recent high speed development, even more proposes to the freezing rate of molten steel
Higher requirement.
Therefore, more preferable test rapid solidification metal and to analyze the Heat transfer in process of setting particularly important.
In the industrial production, it is limited to production equipment excessively huge, carries out heat transfer testing, it will affects normal production, while
Testing cost is too high, it is clear that be infeasible.Therefore a kind of quick immersion metal freezing heat transfer testing device and method is invented, make
It can disclose the heat transfer problem of rapid solidification metal in production under laboratory scale.
At present, the Patents of rapid solidification metal test device are less, and research direction is limited, only to metal freezing
The measure device for determining device and freezing interface dynamic information of degree of supercooling.
The patent of Publication No. CN104089972A, the method and its dress of a kind of measure metal droplet rapid solidification degree of supercooling
In putting, initially with pulse MP method metal microparticle drop is prepared；Then survey respectively on the diverse location in dropping process
Determine the metal microparticle drop start time fallen into oil and the temperature for balancing the moment；Subsequently difference is obtained by heat Balance Calculation
The liquid content of metal microparticle drop, nucleation temperature and degree of supercooling at position.
The patent of Publication No. CN248269lY, the measurement apparatus of interface kineticses information during rapid solidification metal
In, measurement apparatus are shown by pulse laser, lens group, light beam balanced device, sample, constant temperature preheating device, digital constant-current source, numeral
Ripple device, probe wave filter group are into the laser instrument is started by computer controls, is beaten light beam by lens group, light beam balanced device
On the operating resistance of sample, constant temperature preheating device is placed under sample on sample stage, and digital constant-current source provides perseverance for measuring circuit
Determine electric current, sample both end voltage signal Jing probe wave filters connect people's digital oscilloscope, then Jing computers are processed.
Although more than the two patents have advantage in terms of each self-test, can not be to rapid solidification metal during
Heat flow is tested, and for Ferrous Metallurgy continuous casting field, process of setting hot-fluid is to affect slab quality extremely
Important factor.
The content of the invention
Present invention solves the technical problem that being：Lacking for prior art can effectively substitute industrial processes to quick
A kind of apparatus and method that solidification carries out heat transfer testing, there is provided the rapid solidification metal heat transfer testing device and method of immersion,
For probing into impact of the heat transfer to rapid solidification metal process.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme that realization：
A kind of quick immersion metal freezing heat transfer testing device, including mechanical system, data collecting system and atmosphere control
System processed；
The mechanical system includes that one adopts electrically heated induction furnace (13), the immersion copper controlled using motor (11)
Mould (12)；The data collecting system include be located at copper mold in thermocouple (21), and external data collecting card (22) with
Computer (23)；The atmosphere control system includes a protection gas hood (31) for accommodating induction furnace and copper mold, and one enters escaping pipe
And a gas cylinder (32) (33,34).
Further it is connected with rigid connecting rod between the motor (11) and immersion copper mold (12)；Motor (11) energy
Enough control immersion copper mold (12) to realize moving up and down at a high speed.
Further, it is provided with recirculated water in the copper mold (12) to be cooled down.
Further, the thermocouple (21) is K-type thermocouple, totally 6, is divided to two rows to be embedded in copper mold, and by mending
Repay wire to be connected with data collecting card.
Further, the data collecting card (22) is NI high-speed temperature capture cards.
Further, protection gas hood (31) is stainless steel, and turnover orotracheal tube is all connected on gas hood.
Further, the critical component of the mechanical system and data collecting system is arranged at the guarantor of atmosphere control system
In tyre protecting shield (31).If induction furnace (13), immersion copper mold (12) are in protection gas hood (31).
A kind of application of quick immersion metal freezing heat transfer testing device of the present invention；The application includes using the equipment
In research atmosphere to conduct heat impact, for study copper mold surface roughness Ra to conduct heat impact, for studying copper mold surface
Coating to conduct heat impact, for study liquid metal component to conduct heat impact.Preferably, Ra selected from 0.1-10 μm, it is excellent
Elect 0.1-1 μm, more preferably 0.5 μm as.
The invention also discloses a kind of method of testing of above-mentioned quick immersion metal freezing heat transfer testing device, including such as
Lower step：
The first step, dress sample, 20-25kg steel samples are put into induction furnace；
Second step, gas shield, will protection gas hood sealing, be then charged with inert protective gas, Continuous aeration for a period of time,
Finally make all protective gas in protection gas hood；
3rd step, fusing metal, carry out being heated to target melting temperature by electrical heating to the steel sample in induction furnace；
4th step, immersion test, open the cooling water pipeline in copper mold, and control cooling water circulation flow for 2.5-15L/
Min, by the way that in motor control copper mold quick insertion molten steel, the speed of quick insertion is more than or equal to 1m/s, is preferably 1m/s, and soon
Speed is extracted, and the speed quickly extracted is less than or equal to more than or equal to 1m/s, preferably 1m/s, and time of the copper mold in molten steel
0.2s；
5th step, data acquisition, start data and adopt by thermocouple before the 4th step starts with the frequency of 0-200Hz
Collection, until copper mold is extracted from molten steel completes cooled and solidified；
6th step, data processing, by the temperature signal for collecting the change feelings of hot-fluid during solidification of molten steel are calculated
Condition.
Preferably, the steel sample preferably places 23-24kg, the preferred 5-10L/min of cooling water circulation flow, data acquisition frequency
The preferred 50-150Hz of rate.
Preferably, cooling velocity of the molten steel on copper mold is 102-104k/s。
Preferably, in use, cooling water circulation flow is 10L/min, atmosphere is preferably N2, copper mold Ra be 0.5 μ
m。
The present invention provides a kind of quick immersion metal freezing heat transfer testing device and method, is capable of achieving the fast rapid hardening of metal
It is solid to test, and measure the heat transfer situation and its change touched by copper during solidification.The present invention is accommodated under high temperature using induction furnace
Sample, electricity consumption is heated to it and is allowed to melt.To make metal realize rapid solidification, on the copper mold on by the way of cooling water circulation
Quickly cooled down, and copper mold one meter per second of quick-speed plug in molten steel is realized with motor.Data collecting system institute of the present invention
The data of collection are temperature signals, by K-type thermocouple temperature measurement, the collection of NI temperature collect modules, and are calculated by computer
The heat flow of real-time change in process of setting.
The present invention mainly has the advantages that：
1) device, method is simple.The present invention includes three systems, and more than totally ten parts are constituted, simple with test equipment,
And operating process is less, method of testing is simple.
2) rapid cooling is effectively realized.Quick-speed plug due to carrying out speed 1m/s to copper mold using motor, makes copper mold in metal
The time of staying in liquid significantly reduces (less than 0.2m/s), can realize the quick cooled and solidified process of metal.
3) widely applicable, the degree of accuracy is high.The present invention is adopted and buries the K-type thermocouple direct temperature measurement overlayed in copper mold, and uses NI
Temperature acquisition mould carries out soon high speed acquisition to temperature data, and measurement is accurately, in time, high through calculating the hot-fluid degree of accuracy.And this
Device not only plays rapid cooling heat transfer testing in casting process, and the heat transfer to other metal rapid cooling process of setting also can be surveyed well
Examination, so applicable surface is very wide.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be further described.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of rapid solidification metal heat flux measurement apparatus structure schematic diagram applied in embodiment.
11- motors, 12- copper molds, 13- induction furnaces；
21- thermocouples, 22- data collecting cards, 23- computers；
31- protects gas hood, 32- gas cylinders, 33- air inlet pipe, 34- escaping pipes.
Specific embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, it is illustrated that in quick immersion metal freezing heat transfer testing device include mechanical system, data acquisition system
System and atmosphere control system three parts.
Wherein, the mechanical system includes that one adopts electrically heated induction furnace (13), a leaching controlled using motor (11)
Enter formula copper mold (12)；The motor (11) can control copper mold and realize moving up and down at a high speed, and in the copper mold (12) circulation is provided with
Water is cooled down.It is that mild steel is fast or reinforcing bar according to test button to coordinate the size of induction furnace, then sample is about
20-25kg, preferably 23-24kg, more preferably 23g.In order to melt sample, and different heating rates are realized, it is controllable
The power of induction coil processed, general power is 20-30kw, maximum up to 50kw.
The data collecting system include be located at copper mold in thermocouple (21), and external data collecting card (22) with
Computer (23)；The thermocouple (21) is K-type thermocouple, totally 6, is divided to two rows to be embedded in copper mold, and by compensating wire
It is connected with data collecting card, the data collecting card (22) is NI high-speed temperature capture cards.In application is embodied as, copper mold is
Red copper material, in length, width and height the regular cuboid of 250mm, 50mm, 20mm is respectively, and immediately below motor, induction furnace is just gone up
Side, inside is provided with cooling water circulation, in order to realize different cooldown rates, can control cooling water flow, generally 2.5-15L/
Min, preferably 5-10L/min, more preferably 7.5-10L/min.In data acquisition, record many using certain frequency
Secondary collection, the fast frequency acquisition of NI temperature acquisition moulds is generally 0-200Hz, more preferably preferably 50-150Hz, 100-
150Hz。
The atmosphere control system includes a protection gas hood (31) for accommodating induction furnace and copper mold, one enter escaping pipe (33,
And a gas cylinder (32) 34).Protection gas hood (31) is stainless steel, and turnover orotracheal tube is all connected on gas hood.
Further, the critical component of the mechanical system and data collecting system is arranged at the guarantor of atmosphere control system
In tyre protecting shield (31).
Method of testing embodiment using above-mentioned quick immersion metal freezing heat transfer testing device is as follows：
Metal-like is placed on into induction furnace centre position, protection gas hood, and the atmosphere inside regulating is shut, is powered to examination
Sample begins to warm up.
After test button melts, unlatching motor quick insertion in liquid metal to copper mold, and extract immediately.
Molten metal is quickly cooled down on water-cooled copper is touched and starts solidification, and carries out temperature data acquisition by thermocouple.Most
Afterwards the data of collection are carried out on computers hot-fluid calculating through indirect problem algorithm.
Illustrate below according to specific EXPERIMENTAL EXAMPLE.
Ra=0.5 μm of copper mold used in embodiment.
Embodiment 1
The experiment of quick immersion metal freezing heat transfer testing is surveyed using quick immersion metal freezing heat transfer as shown in Figure 1
Trial assembly is put and is measured rapid solidification metal heat transfer, specifically includes following sequential steps：
(1) feed：Protection gas hood with sealing ring is opened, 23kg steel samples is put into induction furnace, by protectiveness gas
Cover lid is closed.
(2) gas shield：Protection gas hood is sealed, Ar protective gas is then charged with, Continuous aeration for a period of time, finally makes
All protective gas in protection gas hood.
(3) fusing metal：By electrical heating the steel sample in induction furnace is carried out being heated to target melting temperature.
(4) immersion test：The cooling water pipeline in copper mold is opened, and controls cooling water circulation flow for 7.5L/min, led to
Cross in motor control copper mold quick insertion molten steel, speed is 1m/s, and is quickly extracted, speed is 1m/s, whole process copper mold exists
Time in molten steel is less than 0.2s.
(5) data acquisition：Data collecting system starts with the frequency of 150Hz before the molten steel that copper mold is inserted in induction furnace
Start data acquisition.
(6) data processing, by the temperature signal for collecting the situation of change of hot-fluid during solidification of molten steel is calculated.
By changing cooling water flow, keep other conditions constant, test what cooldown rate was conducted heat to rapid solidification
Affect, such as embodiment 2,3.
Embodiment 2
The experiment of quick immersion metal freezing heat transfer testing is surveyed using quick immersion metal freezing heat transfer as shown in Figure 1
Trial assembly is put and is measured rapid solidification metal heat transfer, specifically includes following sequential steps：
(1) feed：Protection gas hood with sealing ring is opened, 23kg steel samples is put into induction furnace, by protectiveness gas
Cover lid is closed.
(2) gas shield：Protection gas hood is sealed, Ar protective gas is then charged with, Continuous aeration for a period of time, finally makes
All protective gas in protection gas hood.
(3) fusing metal：By electrical heating the steel sample in induction furnace is carried out being heated to target melting temperature.
(4) immersion test：The cooling water pipeline in copper mold is opened, and controls cooling water circulation flow for 5L/min, passed through
In motor control copper mold quick insertion molten steel, speed is 1m/s, and is quickly extracted, and speed is 1m/s, and whole process copper mold is in steel
Time in liquid is less than 0.2s.
(5) data acquisition：Data collecting system starts with the frequency of 150Hz before the molten steel that copper mold is inserted in induction furnace
Start data acquisition.
(6) data processing, by the temperature signal for collecting the situation of change of hot-fluid during solidification of molten steel is calculated.
Embodiment 3
The experiment of quick immersion metal freezing heat transfer testing is surveyed using quick immersion metal freezing heat transfer as shown in Figure 1
Trial assembly is put and is measured rapid solidification metal heat transfer, specifically includes following sequential steps：
(1) feed：Protection gas hood with sealing ring is opened, 23kg steel samples is put into induction furnace, by protectiveness gas
Cover lid is closed.
(2) gas shield：Protection gas hood is sealed, Ar protective gas is then charged with, Continuous aeration for a period of time, finally makes
All protective gas in protection gas hood.
(3) fusing metal：By electrical heating the steel sample in induction furnace is carried out being heated to target melting temperature.
(4) immersion test：The cooling water pipeline in copper mold is opened, and controls cooling water circulation flow for 10L/min, passed through
In motor control copper mold quick insertion molten steel, speed is 1m/s, and is quickly extracted, and speed is 1m/s, and whole process copper mold is in steel
Time in liquid is less than 0.2s.
(5) data acquisition：Data collecting system starts with the frequency of 150Hz before the molten steel that copper mold is inserted in induction furnace
Start data acquisition.
(6) data processing, by the temperature signal for collecting the situation of change of hot-fluid during solidification of molten steel is calculated.
By changing atmosphere, keep other conditions constant compared with Example 1, test different atmosphere condition is to rapid solidification
The impact of process heat transfer, such as embodiment 4,5.
Embodiment 4
The experiment of quick immersion metal freezing heat transfer testing is surveyed using quick immersion metal freezing heat transfer as shown in Figure 1
Trial assembly is put and is measured rapid solidification metal heat transfer, specifically includes following sequential steps：
(1) feed：Protection gas hood with sealing ring is opened, 23kg steel samples is put into induction furnace, by protectiveness gas
Cover lid is closed.
(2) gas shield：Protection gas hood is sealed, N is then charged with2Protective gas, Continuous aeration for a period of time, finally makes
All protective gas in protection gas hood.
(3) fusing metal：By electrical heating the steel sample in induction furnace is carried out being heated to target melting temperature.
(4) immersion test：The cooling water pipeline in copper mold is opened, and controls cooling water circulation flow for 7.5L/min, led to
Cross in motor control copper mold quick insertion molten steel, speed is 1m/s, and is quickly extracted, speed is 1m/s, whole process copper mold exists
Time in molten steel is less than 0.2s.
(5) data acquisition：Data collecting system starts with the frequency of 150Hz before the molten steel that copper mold is inserted in induction furnace
Start data acquisition.
(6) data processing, by the temperature signal for collecting the situation of change of hot-fluid during solidification of molten steel is calculated.
Embodiment 5
The experiment of quick immersion metal freezing heat transfer testing is surveyed using quick immersion metal freezing heat transfer as shown in Figure 1
Trial assembly is put and is measured rapid solidification metal heat transfer, specifically includes following sequential steps：
(1) feed：Protection gas hood with sealing ring is opened, 23kg steel samples is put into induction furnace, by protectiveness gas
Cover lid is closed.
(2) gas shield：Protection gas hood is sealed, He protective gas is then charged with, Continuous aeration for a period of time, finally makes
All protective gas in protection gas hood.
(3) fusing metal：By electrical heating the steel sample in induction furnace is carried out being heated to target melting temperature.
(4) immersion test：The cooling water pipeline in copper mold is opened, and controls cooling water circulation flow for 7.5L/min, led to
Cross in motor control copper mold quick insertion molten steel, speed is 1m/s, and is quickly extracted, speed is 1m/s, whole process copper mold exists
Time in molten steel is less than 0.2s.
(5) data acquisition：Data collecting system starts with the frequency of 150Hz before the molten steel that copper mold is inserted in induction furnace
Start data acquisition.
(6) data processing, by the temperature signal for collecting the situation of change of hot-fluid during solidification of molten steel is calculated.
Test parameter in embodiment 1-5 is summarized in into table 1, and embodiment 1-5 is surveyed into heat transfer trend peak value hot-fluid
Characterize with mean heat flux, and result is summarized in into table 2, obtain biography of the steel sample in process of setting under different curing conditions
Hot trend.
The conditional parameter table of the steel sample rapid solidification in embodiment 1-5 of table 1
| Embodiment | Protective atmosphere | Cooling water flow |
| 1 | Ar | 7.5L/min |
| 2 | Ar | 5L/min |
| 3 | Ar | 10L/min |
| 4 | N2 | 7.5L/min |
| 5 | He | 7.5L/min |
The heat transfer situation table of the steel sample rapid solidification in embodiment 1-5 of table 2
| Embodiment | Peak value hot-fluid | Mean heat flux |
| 1 | 20.1MW/m2 | 5.1MW/m2 |
| 2 | 19.8MW/m2 | 4.3MW/m2 |
| 3 | 19.6MW/m2 | 5.7MW/m2 |
| 4 | 25.6MW/m2 | 6.1MW/m2 |
| 5 | 27.2MW/m2 | 5.9MW/m2 |
Can be seen that under different condition from table 1,2, corresponding heat transfer situation is different.Here, with peak value hot-fluid with it is average
Hot-fluid is characterized to heat transfer.Embodiment 1-3 have studied impact of the cooling water flow to conducting heat, and show that cooling water flow is bigger,
Mean heat flux is bigger, but it affects unobvious to peak value hot-fluid.Embodiment 1,4,5 have studied impact of the atmosphere to conducting heat, and draw
Compared to Ar gas, N2, He gas heat-transfer effect more preferably, either peak value hot-fluid or mean heat flux are all significantly increased.
Embodiment above describes the general principle and principal character and advantages of the present invention of the present invention, the technology of the industry
Personnel it should be appreciated that the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments, the simply explanation described in above-described embodiment and specification this
The concrete operating principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention also has various change and changes
Enter, these changes and improvements are both fallen within scope of the claimed invention, the claimed scope of the invention is by appended right
Claim and its equivalent thereof.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of quick immersion metal freezing heat transfer testing device, it is characterised in that：Including mechanical system, data collecting system
And atmosphere control system；
The mechanical system includes that one adopts electrically heated induction furnace (13), an immersion copper mold controlled using motor (11)
(12)；The data collecting system includes the thermocouple (21) being located in copper mold, and external data collecting card (22) and meter
Calculation machine (23)；The atmosphere control system includes a protection gas hood (31) for accommodating induction furnace and copper mold, one enter escaping pipe (33,
And a gas cylinder (32) 34).
The critical component of the mechanical system and data collecting system is arranged in the protection gas hood (31) of atmosphere control system.
2. a kind of quick immersion metal freezing heat transfer testing device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The electricity
Rigid connecting rod is connected between machine (11) and immersion copper mold (12)；It is real that the motor (11) can control immersion copper mold (12)
Now move up and down at a high speed.
3. a kind of quick immersion metal freezing heat transfer testing device according to claim 1；It is characterized in that：The copper
Recirculated water is provided with mould (12) to be cooled down.
4. a kind of quick immersion metal freezing heat transfer testing device according to claim 1；It is characterized in that：The heat
Galvanic couple (21) is K-type thermocouple, totally 6, is divided to two rows to be embedded in copper mold, and is connected with data collecting card by compensating wire.
5. a kind of quick immersion metal freezing heat transfer testing device according to claim 1；It is characterized in that：The number
It is NI high-speed temperature capture cards according to capture card (22).
6. a kind of quick immersion metal freezing heat transfer testing device according to claim 1；It is characterized in that：The guarantor
Tyre protecting shield (31) is stainless steel, and turnover orotracheal tube is all connected on gas hood.
7. a kind of quick immersion metal freezing heat transfer testing device according to any one of claim 1-6；Its feature
It is：Induction furnace (13), immersion copper mold (12) are in protection gas hood (31).
8. the application of a kind of quick immersion metal freezing heat transfer testing device according to claim 1-6；Its feature exists
In：The application include by the equipment be used for study atmosphere to conduct heat impact, for study copper mold surface roughness Ra to pass
Heat impact, for study copper mold overlay coating to conduct heat impact, for study liquid metal component to conduct heat impact.
9. the application process of the quick immersion metal freezing heat transfer testing device in a kind of claim 1-6, it is characterised in that
Comprise the steps：
The first step, dress sample,
20-25kg steel samples are put into induction furnace；
Second step, gas shield,
Protection gas hood is sealed, inert protective gas are then charged with, Continuous aeration is made for a period of time, finally in protection gas hood all
For protective gas；
3rd step, fusing metal,
By electrical heating the steel sample in induction furnace is carried out being heated to target melting temperature；
4th step, immersion test,
The cooling water pipeline in copper mold is opened, and controls cooling water circulation flow for 2.5-15L/min, by motor control copper mold
In quick insertion molten steel, the speed of quick insertion is more than or equal to 1m/s, and quickly extracts, and the speed quickly extracted is more than or equal to
1m/s, and time of the copper mold in molten steel is less than or equal to 0.2s；
5th step, data acquisition,
Data acquisition is started with the frequency of 0-200Hz by thermocouple before the 4th step starts, until copper mold is from molten steel
Extract and complete cooled and solidified；
6th step, data processing,
The temperature signal for collecting is calculated into the situation of change of hot-fluid during solidification of molten steel.
10. the application process of a kind of quick immersion metal freezing heat transfer testing device according to claim 9；Its feature
It is：The steel sample places 23-24kg, and cooling water circulation flow is 5-10L/min, and data acquiring frequency is 50-150Hz；Steel
Cooling velocity of the liquid on copper mold is 102-104k/s。
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