The present invention is that the number of patent application that applicant proposed on May 20th, 2015 is " 201510256850.2 ", title
For the divisional application of the Chinese invention patent application of " jib crane ", entire contents are incorporated among the application.
Specific embodiment
The technical principle and the course of work of embodiment for a better understanding of the present invention, below in conjunction with attached drawing and specific implementation
Example is next, and further the present invention will be described in detail.
Fig. 1-Figure 20 indicates the structure of hoist engine of the present invention, subsystem or component, identical label table therein
It is shown as same parts.
Referring to Fig. 1, the structure of jib crane of the present invention is shown.The jib crane includes chassis S1, turntable S2, elevator
The components such as machine S3, landing oil cylinder S4, cantilever crane S5, suspension hook S6, turntable S2 are loaded on chassis S1, and hoist engine S3 is loaded on turntable, cantilever crane S5
Head end be articulated with turntable S2, suspension hook S6 hangs on the tail end of cantilever crane S5, and one end of landing oil cylinder S4 is articulated with turntable S2, landing
The other end of oil cylinder S4 is articulated with cantilever crane S5.Turntable S2 is rotated so that cantilever crane S5 rotates, and oil cylinder S4 is flexible so that cantilever crane S5 landing,
Speed change oil cylinder (not shown go out) makes cantilever crane S5 luffing, and hoist engine S3 folding and unfolding is around in reel, cantilever crane pulley blocks and lifting hook pulley group
Steel cable lift by crane the workpiece on suspension hook S6.The present invention has carried out many places improvement for hoist engine S3 and its subsystem and component,
It is further explained below.
Referring also to Fig. 2-Fig. 4 shows the complete machine structure of hoist engine of the present invention.The hoist engine includes driving device, winding
Device, brake apparatus and control device (not shown go out): driving device by motor M01 (preferably variable-frequency motor), shaft coupling 7,
The equal components of speed reducer 1 are constituted, and motor M01, shaft coupling 7, speed reducer 1 successively couple;Winding device by reel 2, top sheave group 3 and
The components such as lower sheave group and steel cable are constituted, and for the transmission connection of reel 2 in speed reducer 1 so that reel 2 turns around, steel cable is wound in reel
2, folding and unfolding is carried out in top sheave group 3 and lower sheave group;Brake apparatus is made of brake 5 and attachment etc., and brake 5, which acts on, to be subtracted
It is braked on the high speed shaft or slow-speed shaft of fast machine 1;Control device is provided with motor stopping control mechanism, motor stopping control
Mechanism stops motor operation in preset upper limit or lower limit.
As shown in figs 2-4, the specific structure of the hoist engine is: speed reducer 1 and drum support 4 are installed on rack
The top S01, one end of reel 2 are rotationally connected with drum support 4, and the other end of reel 2 is driven by drum connection structure 8
It is connected to the slow-speed shaft of speed reducer 1, the high speed shaft of speed reducer 1 passes through shaft coupling (outside is equipped with shaft coupling clamshell) 7 and motor M01
Power output axis connection;Top sheave group 3 is positioned at rack S01, steel cable with certain style canoe be wound in reel 2, on
Pulley blocks 3 and lower sheave group, motor M01 forward or reverse when accordingly carry out folding and unfolding;Brake 5 is installed on speed reducer 1, system
The braked wheel 6 on 1 high speed shaft of speed reducer can be held when dynamic tightly and braked.
In the hoist engine, spool body, spool shaft and its roll support, coupling structure are optimized, reel layout is more reasonable,
Structure is more compact, installs also more convenient;Spool body structure and steel cable canoe and Ya Sheng mechanism rotate are improved, it can be more preferable
Ground avoids the problem that steel cable is unclamped or is intertwined, and is conducive to eliminate safe hidden trouble;Improve brake, lifting limiter and
Motor stopping control mechanism, can be according to the parking in time of predetermined intention, braking, to have when limiting, stopping in emergency
Effect ground reduces safety accident.It is described further below.
Fig. 2-Fig. 4 shows brake mounting structure, which is installed on the high speed shaft of speed reducer 1, is made by holding tightly
Driving wheel 6 and speed reducer 1 is braked, and so that the reel 2 on the slow-speed shaft of speed reducer 1 is braked.Further below to system
The structure of dynamic device is described in detail.
Referring to Fig. 5, the structure of brake of the present invention is shown.In the brake 5, the first brake arm 52, the second brake arm 53,
One end of driving telescopic rod (can be cylinder or oil cylinder) 59, driven telescopic rod 58 with driving device 50 is hingedly connected to Brake Block
51;First brake arm 52, driving telescopic rod 59, driven telescopic rod 58 the other end be hingedly connected to an arm of L shape connecting rod 57;The
The other end of two brake arms 53 and linear connecting rod 55 are hinged, and another arm of the other end and L shape connecting rod 57 of linear connecting rod 55 is hinged;
First brake block 56 is installed on the inside of the first brake arm 52, and the second brake block 54 is installed on the inside of the second brake arm 53, should
The intrados of the intrados of first brake block 56 and the second brake block 54 holds the braked wheel on 1 high speed shaft of speed reducer tightly in braking
6.This mode of braking structure is simple, and braking response is fast, and effect is preferable.
Referring to Fig. 6, steel cable winding arrangement of the present invention is shown.In the steel cable winding arrangement, steel cable 10 is twined by following manner
Be around in reel 2, top sheave (cantilever crane pulley) group 3 and lower sheave (lifting hook pulley) group 9: the first end of steel cable 10 is around in reel 2
First end is simultaneously fixed on the first pressure rope position 2a, and the second end of steel cable 10 is around in the second end of reel 2 and is fixed on reel 2 second
Pressure rope position 2d, 10 self reel of steel cable, 2 first conductor rope position 2b is counterclockwise laid out, successively counterclockwise around the first lower sheave
91, the first top sheave 31, the second lower sheave 92, the second top sheave 32, then successively clockwise around in third lower sheave 93, third
After pulley 33, the 4th lower sheave 94, then clockwise about 2 second conductor rope position 2c of rewinding cylinder.Steel cable 10 uses this canoe,
It can reduce the probability of occurrence of the bad phenomenons such as steel cable winding, release.
Referring to Fig. 7, reel and drum connection structure of the present invention, pressure rope structure and drum support are shown.Reel 2 includes
Spool body 21 and spool shaft 22, the first end of the spool shaft 22 are fixedly supported to the second end of spool body 21, and the of spool body 21
One end is coupled by drum connection structure (part I in Fig. 7) with the slow-speed shaft of speed reducer 1, the second end support of spool shaft 22
In drum support (part III in Fig. 7), install very convenient.In addition, the both ends top of spool body 21 is set respectively
Pressure rope structure (part II in Fig. 7) is set, the end of steel cable 10 can be preferably fixed.
Referring also to Fig. 8-Fig. 9 shows the structure of reel of the present invention.First end plate 25, second end is arranged in the spool body 21
The first end plate 25 of plate 24 and support plate 23, spool body 21 is coupled by drum connection structure with the slow-speed shaft of speed reducer 1, reel
Second end plate 24 of body 21 is installed on drum support, installs with the fixed support spool shaft 22 of support plate 23, the spool shaft 22
Get up very convenient.
As shown in Fig. 2-Fig. 9, which is arranged steel cable guide groove 211 above, convenient for steel cable 10 along steel cable guide groove 211
Thus introducing/extraction is conducive to steel cable 10 and winds in an orderly manner.
Referring to Figure 10, the structure of spool shaft of the present invention is shown.The spool shaft 22 includes reel shaft body 222, spool shaft master
First shaft shoulder 221 is arranged in the first end of body 222, and second shaft shoulder 224 and the third shaft shoulder is arranged in the second end of reel shaft body 222
225, wherein reel shaft body 222, first shaft shoulder 221, second shaft shoulder 224 and the third shaft shoulder 225 outer diameter be sequentially reduced, and
Tapered transitional 223 is set between reel shaft body 222 and second shaft shoulder 224, and this 22 structural strength of spool shaft is preferable, also side
Just it installs.
Referring to Figure 11, drum connection structure of the present invention is shown.In the drum connection structure, couple semiaxis 84 by cylindrical roller
Bearing 87 is supported in terminal pad 82, and baffle 86 is arranged in the medial end for coupling semiaxis 84, couples semiaxis 84, cylinder roller bearing
87 and the inside engaging portion of terminal pad 82 blocked with inner cover plate 85, connection semiaxis 84, cylinder roller bearing 87 and terminal pad 82
Outside engaging portion is blocked with outer cover plate 83, and terminal pad 82 and ring flange 81 are fixed, and ring flange 81 is anchored on the on spool body 21
End plate 25.This structure connection is reliable, easy for installation.
Referring to Figure 12, present invention pressure rope structure is shown.The pressure rope structure 11 includes steel cable pressing plate 111, under steel cable pressing plate
Steel cable indent 1121 is arranged in surface, which is anchored in the screw hole of spool body 21 by bolt 112, so that steel cable
10 are reliably fixed on spool body 21 without deviating from, and thus increase safety coefficient.
Referring to Figure 13, drum support of the present invention is shown.In the drum support 4, machine is set in support base 41
Seat bearing block 43, reel bearing block 44 are supported in base bearing block 43, and spool shaft 22 is supported in volume by tapered roller bearing 45
Cylinder bearing block 44, base bearing block 43, inside engaging portion 42 envelope of inner cover plate of reel bearing block 44 and tapered roller bearing 45
It is stifled, base bearing block 43, the outside engaging portion closure of outer cover plate 47 of reel bearing block 44 and tapered roller bearing 45.This knot
Structure is compact, and it is convenient to install.
As shown in figure 13, the present embodiment shows the mounting structure of lifting limiter.In Figure 12, reel is set in spool shaft 22
Axis gusset piece 46, to install the driving end (such as rocking bar of screw lifting limiter 12) of lifting limiter 12, at 2 turns of reel
When dynamic angle is more than predetermined value (revolution), it can disconnect and be electrically connected to prevent reel from further rotating, it in this way can be to lifting
Height is limited.Below in conjunction with Figure 12-Figure 14, to be further described.
Referring to Figure 14-Figure 15, present invention lifting limiter structure is shown.With reference to Figure 12, the lifting limiter 12 packet
Include U-bracket 121, rocking bar 122, screw rod 123, runner 124, limiter shell 125, guide rod 126, push plate 127, active conductive
Column 128, limit switch 129 and fixed conductive column 120:U shape bracket 121 are fixed on the outer cover plate 47 connecting with spool shaft 22, limit
Position device shell 125 is anchored on U-bracket 121 by screw, and screw rod 123 is supported on limiter shell 125, and push plate 127 is installed
In on screw rod 123,128 one end of active conductive column is connected to push plate 127, and 128 other end of active conductive column is supported in and limiter
On one arm of the connected limit switch 129 of shell 125, fixed conductive column 120 is fixed on another arm of limit switch 129
On, runner 124 is installed on the end of screw rod 123, and one end of rocking bar 122 prejudicially connects runner 124, the other end of rocking bar 122
It is connected with spool shaft gusset piece 46.
In addition, also installing guide rod 126 on limiter shell 125, which is arranged in parallel with screw rod 123, push plate
127 are arranged in the sliding of guide rod 126, to guarantee smoothly to move.
In the embodiment, the position of push plate 127 can be pre-adjusted.When 2 scrolling of reel, rocking bar 122 is with spool shaft
Gusset piece 46 rotates, and by runner 124 screw rod 123 is rotated, and the translation of push plate 127 drives active conductive column 128 to be detached from and fixes
Conductive column 120 thereby turns off electrical connection and plays position-limiting action, thus improves security performance.
The structure of lifting limiter 12 is illustrated in Figure 14-Figure 15, which can be used to upper limit,
It can be used for lower limit.Will go up and down limiter limit switch be connected to hoist engine motor M01 control loop, pass through triggering electricity
Motor protective circuit breaker in machine control loop runs to stop motor M01, thus plays the role of safeguard protection.
The present invention, which is directed to, to be prevented, limits appearance limit situation, while being improved in terms of electric control system, is had
Body is described as follows.
Referring also to Figure 16-Figure 17 shows the circuit structure of motor stopping control mechanism of the present invention.Motor stopping control
Mechanism can be used for hoist engine, it can also be used to other types of lifting device, electrical structure are as follows: in the control loop of motor M01
In, a contactor KM01 is added between motor protective circuit breaker QF01 and frequency converter VF01;Upper bottom limit switch SQ01, SQ02
It is connected in series in the control loop of contactor KM01.Herein, the terminal 1-6 of motor protective circuit breaker QF01, contactor KM01's
A1, A2 (three groups of terminals 1,2), terminal R, S, T, V, W, PE of frequency converter VF01, the terminal 11,12 of limit switch SQ01, SQ02,
And the terminal 13,14 of limit solution lock key knob SB01 is connected according to Figure 15 with Figure 16, and explanation is no longer specifically unfolded.
After limit switch SQ01 or SQ02 are triggered, the coil power of contactor KM01, contactor KM01 are directly cut off
Thus the power supply in the circuit frequency converter VF01 is cut off in release, to quickly stop the operation of motor M01;Hereafter, pass through rotary stopper
Solution lock key knob SB01 can be unlocked.This control mode reduces the intermediate link of processing limit signal, so that failure
When generation, motor can stop at once, avoid the damage of equipment and the injures and deaths of personnel.
In order to facilitate the speed for changing hoist engine S3, the present invention is controlled using motor variable-frequency speed-regulating.It is described below.
Referring to Figure 18, the block diagram of motor speed regulation system of the present invention is shown.The motor speed regulation system includes successively coupling
Power supply M03, frequency converter M02 and motor M01, frequency converter M02 use cross-straight-intersection mode, first industrial frequency AC are powered electric
Source M03 is converted into DC power supply by rectifier, and it is controllable that DC power supply by inverter is then converted into frequency, voltage again
The revolving speed of motor M01 can be changed by changing frequency in this way to supply motor M01 in the AC power source of system.
As shown in figure 18, the input stage of frequency converter M02 is provided with filtering decoupling circuit, it is preferably RC filtering decoupling electricity
Road is made of the current-limiting resistance R and filter capacitor C concatenated, so that the output plus terminal of power supply M03 and output ground termination
Enter the current-limiting resistance R and filter capacitor C of concatenation.Preposition analog low-pass of the filtering decoupling circuit as AC signal input channel
Filter has jamproof effect concurrently;Decoupling capacitance is accessed between two terminals of alternating current-direct current signal input channel, can be high frequency differential mode
Interference signal provides bypass.
Referring to Figure 19, the schematic block circuit diagram of frequency converter of the present invention is shown.The frequency converter M02 of the present embodiment includes rectified current
It is road M021, power factor correction circuit M022, filter circuit M023, inverter circuit M024 and microprocessor circuit M025, man-machine
The parts such as interface circuit M026, in which: rectification circuit M021 forms (preferably full-bridge rectification electricity by rectifier diode or bridge heap
Road), including necessary interference filtering circuit, major function are that alternating current is converted to direct current;Circuit of power factor correction
M022 is selectable unit (SU), is made of power semiconductor and control chip, it is also connected to the power factor (PF) of microprocessor circuit M025
End is corrected, effect is to make input current close to sine wave, reduces mains by harmonics content, realizes the purpose of increase power factor;Filter
Wave circuit M023 (preferably RC filter circuit) is mainly made of elements such as electrolytic capacitors, complete direct current filtering and
Energy storage effect;Inverter circuit M024 is made of power module and driving circuit, and power module can be intelligent power driving tube
Chip, it is also connected to the driving signal end of the microprocessor circuit, and major function is to complete direct current to three-phase alternating current
Conversion, realize frequency modulation and voltage modulation purpose;Microprocessor circuit M025 is made of microprocessor (DSP) and peripheral circuit, basis
The order that man-machine interface circuit M026 is sent issues corresponding command signal, controls circuit of power factor correction M022 and inversion
Circuit M024 work, and according to electronic feedback information, carry out necessary circuit protection and troubleshooting.In this way, the embodiment is logical
The output mode for crossing microprocessor circuit control frequency converter M02, is conducive to neatly by pre-provisioning request output voltage, to meet
The demand of different user.
Referring to fig. 20, the circuit diagram of inverter of the present invention is shown.It is particularly used for the inverter circuit M024 of motor M01
With the example of microprocessor circuit, working method are as follows: alternating current becomes direct current by rectification circuit M021, passes through electrolytic capacitor
After filtering, the power input of inverter circuit M024 is accessed, accesses filter capacitor between power input.And microprocessor circuit
Microprocessor according to the setting signal of man-machine interface circuit, motor M01 is controlled.
In the present embodiment, inverter circuit M024 includes power pipe driving chip, which is connected to micro process
The microprocessor (MCU/DSP) of device circuit drives corresponding function so as to the pulse width modulating signal exported according to microprocessor
Rate pipe alternate conduction and shutdown.Specifically, the inverter circuit M024 includes six power tube Q1~Q6, this six power tubes
It is divided into three groups, a phase winding of every group power control three-phase motor M01.
The specific connection type of each power tube is: the source electrode of power tube Q1, Q2, Q3 connect one end of DC power supply jointly,
The drain electrode of power tube Q4, Q5, Q6 meet the other end of DC power supply, the company of the source electrode of the drain electrode and power tube Q4 of power tube Q1 jointly
Contact connects the U phase terminal of motor, and the tie point of the source electrode of the drain electrode and power tube Q5 of power tube Q2 connects the V phase terminal of motor, function
The drain electrode of rate pipe Q3 and the source electrode tie point of power tube Q6 connect the W phase terminal of motor;The grid of power tube Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5, Q6
Pole connects an output end of power pipe driving chip respectively, and each input terminal of the power pipe driving chip is respectively by microprocessor
Control all the way in output pulse width adjustment signal PWM1, PWM2, PWM3, PWM4, PWM5, PWM6 of circuit.Six function
Corresponding access diode D1~D6 between the source electrode and drain electrode of rate pipe Q1~Q6.
When booting, microprocessor generates corresponding 6 road pulse width modulating signal according to the motor speed of setting, that is, drives
Signal PWM1~PWM6;By power pipe driving chip drive inverter M024 6 power tubes (MOSFET or IGBT) Q1~
Q6;The alternate conduction and shutdown of these power tubes generate three-phase modulations waveform, and output voltage is adjustable, three intersections of changeable frequency
Galvanic electricity, is output to U, V, W terminals of motor M01, to realize the stepless frequency control of motor M01.
Although the present invention is disclosed as above with preferred embodiment, it is not for limiting the present invention, any this field skill
Art personnel without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can make possible variation and modification, therefore guarantor of the invention
Shield range should be subject to the range that the claims in the present invention are defined.