CN106624418B - A kind of application characteristic spectral line welding pool mobile monitoring method - Google Patents
A kind of application characteristic spectral line welding pool mobile monitoring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106624418B CN106624418B CN201610917879.5A CN201610917879A CN106624418B CN 106624418 B CN106624418 B CN 106624418B CN 201610917879 A CN201610917879 A CN 201610917879A CN 106624418 B CN106624418 B CN 106624418B
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- molten bath
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- ccd camera
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K31/12—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to investigating the properties, e.g. the weldability, of materials
- B23K31/125—Weld quality monitoring
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Abstract
The welding pool mobile monitoring method based on characteristic spectral line that the present invention relates to a kind of, on specific band, the luminous intensity that tracer element only in molten bath is released when being excited is most strong, other luminous intensities are lower, passes through the collected flowing for being observed region light intensity variation tendency and simulating molten bath；By the way that convex lens, narrow band filter, CCD camera to be integral, when work, which follows, is observed region translation, and axis is aligned is observed region always；The tracer element for being attached to workpiece surface is excited when heat source passes through, and characteristic spectrum is different from other light sources；After convex lens focuses amplification, the light that only tracer element issues specific band can be obviously mapped in the sensitive component of CCD camera the light that molten bath issues；The consecutive image that finally CCD camera was photographed is handled by software, obtains the flowing image in molten bath.Using technical solution of the present invention, it is more clear, effectively than traditional molten bath monitoring method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to spectral detection fields, more particularly, to a kind of application characteristic spectral line welding pool mobile monitoring side
Method.
Background technique
When arc welding, under the action of electric arc, base material part and filling metal are heated thawing and form molten bath, cooling solidifying
Gu weld seam is formed after.So not only to be visited to welding condition to further increase welding efficiency and welding quality
Study carefully, also to focus on welding process.Observe molten bath flowing weldquality, gas hole defect and mechanical property are understood to us must can not
It is few.
During workpiece shaping, the molten bath not only effect by heat, also by the effect of power.In arc force and other power
Under the action of weld pool surface generate recess, liquid metals is discharged to molten bath tail portion.Effect due to molten bath by various power,
The flow process in molten bath is complex.It is influenced by high heat heat source, molten bath luminous intensity is very high, and since veiling glare pollution is tight
Weight, so that the difficulty in observation molten bath increases.
Now, there is researcher using structure light or laser as secondary light source, eliminate the influence of arclight, but equipment
Costly, crater image clarity is inadequate；Gradation conversion is molten bath wheel in conjunction with optical filter by some scholars by CCD camera
Profile, but cannot show the flow process in molten bath.
The field of molten bath monitoring at present still remains very big deficiency, and the stream in molten bath cannot be clearly presented in existing molten bath observation technology
Dynamic process, and the severe jamming by veiling glare.This method can monitor molten bath overall picture in front in real time, can also real-time storage weldering
Seam, molten bath flow process image, are improved for subsequent welding quality and related science research provides foundation.
Summary of the invention
Problem to be solved by this invention is the deficiency of above-mentioned background technique, and it is molten to provide a kind of welding based on characteristic spectral line
The front flow image in molten bath can be presented in pond mobile monitoring method.The present invention passes through sight on the basis of reducing light disturbance
Survey the light intensity variation of the tracer element sending of different coordinates to draw the flow image in molten bath, more than traditional molten bath monitoring method
Add clear, effective.
In order to solve the above problem, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that:
A kind of welding pool mobile monitoring method based on characteristic spectral line, the following steps are included:
Step S1, tracer element is substantially adhered to form tracer element layer on workpiece surface in band-like；
Step S2, the electric arc generated between workpiece and welding gun makes workpiece and tracer element layer by thermosetting molten bath, is welding
Under the influence of power, tracer element and metallic element mix the opposite direction flowing mobile to welding gun；
Step S3, after being influenced by heat source, each element is excited, and issues different characteristic spectral lines, chooses a wave band, makes
Luminous intensity maximum is issued in this wave band, when tracer element is excited, the luminous intensity that other elements issue is smaller；
Step S4, narrow band filter is chosen, the light of wave band described in step S3 is passed through, the light cut-off of all band；
Step S5, the light planoconvex lens focusing that molten bath issues is amplified into narrow band filter, and the light of all band is narrow
Band optical filter ends, and only the light of specific band can be entered in CCD camera by optical filter, in specific band, only
The luminous intensity that tracer element issues is most strong, other luminous intensities are smaller；
Step S6, the light intensity acquired according to CCD camera, by the variation of light intensity on each coordinate, to simulate molten bath stream
Dynamic trace；
Step S7, the trace flowed by molten bath, simulates complete molten bath flow process.
Preferably, convex lens, narrow band filter, CCD camera are integrated, and on the same axis.
Preferably, reducing the probability that tracer element is oxidized using inert gas shielding molten bath and tracer element layer, subtracting
The veiling glare bring interference that few oxide issues.
In general, contemplated above technical scheme, can be with compared with existing molten bath observation technology through the invention
It has the following effects:
(1) after the present invention first amplifies crater image with convex lens, the resolution ratio of crater image is increased, remaining is reduced
The entrance of veiling glare.
(2) light of the specific band issued when only having tracer element to be excited can enter CCD by narrow band filter
In camera.The application of narrow band filter can be further reduced veiling glare pollution, when the light of other wave bands passes through optical filter by mistake
It filters.
(3) compared with the traditional way, it is flowed by the intensity variation that observation tracer element issues to monitor molten bath, it can
Fully to restore the flow process in molten bath.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram that welding pool mobile monitoring method of the present invention uses system；
- 2 narrow band filter -3 of -1 convex lens of tracer element layer
- 4 sliding rail -5 of CCD camera
Fig. 2 is the schematic top plan view of tracer element layer of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is more specific, is expressly understood in order to make, and is based on reference to the accompanying drawing to one kind of the present invention
The welding pool mobile monitoring method of characteristic spectral line is further described.
Welding pool mobile monitoring method of the present invention uses monitoring system, as shown in Figure 1, the monitoring system includes: convex
Lens 2, narrow band filter 3, CCD camera 4, sliding rail 5, convex lens 2, narrow band filter 3, CCD camera 4 are fixed on by sliding rail 5
In same equipment, three on the same axis, installed on the slide rail by mirror holder by convex lens 2, allows convex lens 2 in sliding rail
It is moved on 5；Optical filter 3 is fixed in CCD camera 4: CCD camera 4 is fixed on sliding rail 5.
A kind of welding pool mobile monitoring method based on characteristic spectral line, comprising:
Step S1, the ingredient of corresponding tracer element is chosen according to welding protection gas, ion-gas and welding metal.Tracer member
Element will not react with metallic element, and the maximum intensity of light that tracer element issues on specific band, other elements hair
The light intensity on specific band of light out is smaller.
It step S2, is sufficiently in that band-like attachment forms metal tracer element layer 1, band spacing on the surface of the workpiece by tracer element
0.001mm to 2mm, as shown in Fig. 2, tracer element layer is powder, particle and coating shape, with a thickness of 0.001mm to 1mm.
Step S3, corresponding narrow band filter 3 is chosen according to the characteristic spectral line of tracer element, filter center wavelength is
The specific wavelength of selection in the emission spectrum of tracer element, halfwidth 1-10nm lead to the light of only specific band
It crosses.
Step S4, adjust convex lens 2, narrow band filter 3, CCD camera 4 angle, make its optical path alignment be observed area
Domain, and its position does not interfere the normal work of welding equipment.
Step S5, it adjusts convex lens 2 and is observed the distance in region and convex lens is adjusted by sliding rail according to focal length of convex lens
The distance of mirror and molten bath, it is clear to allow to be observed area image, is completely presented in CCD camera.
Step S6, source of welding current anode is connect into workpiece, cathode connects welding gun, and the electric arc generated between workpiece and welding gun makes workpiece
With tracer element layer by thermosetting molten bath.It mixes to form molten bath after tracer element and metallic element are heated, be moved to welding gun
Dynamic opposite direction flowing.Tracer element and metallic element in molten bath are excited after being influenced by heat source, issue specific comprising what is chosen
The optic spectrum line of wavelength.
Step S7, narrow band filter 3 is added in the optical path of CCD camera 4, is observed light that region is issued by convex lens
By narrow band filter 3 after 2 focusing, wherein the light of only specific band can enter CCD camera 4 by narrow band filter 3
In.In specific band, the luminous intensity of only tracer element sending is maximum, presents in CCD camera the most obvious.
Step S8, the light that tracer element issues enters in CCD camera, is observed at the difference coordinate of region by collected
The light intensity trend that changes with time form the trace that moves in welding pool of characteristic element, handle rear mold by professional software
Draw up the flow process in molten bath.
Further, specific wavelength selected in the emission spectrum of tracer element, the wave for issuing tracer element
Light intensity of the long light intensity much larger than the wavelength that workpiece metal element and ambient gas element are issued.
Further, narrow band filter 3 only allows the light of selected specific band to pass through.
Further, the convex lens 2, optical filter 3, CCD camera 4 are placed in same device, and are adjusted and are observed area
The position in domain and angle.
Further, the collected light for being observed area image only and include selected specific band of CCD camera, can be from light
It is distributed the flow regime that molten bath is obtained in changing with time by force.
Preferably, reducing the probability that tracer element is oxidized using inert gas shielding molten bath and tracer element layer, subtracting
The veiling glare bring interference that few oxide issues.
Welding pool mobile monitoring method based on characteristic spectral line of the invention, can positive real-time monitoring molten bath flowing,
On specific band, the luminous intensity that the tracer element only in molten bath is released when being excited is most strong, other luminous intensities are lower, leads to
Cross the collected flowing for being observed region light intensity variation tendency and simulating molten bath.The present invention includes: convex lens, narrow-band-filter
Piece, CCD camera and dedicated processes software.Wherein convex lens, narrow band filter, CCD camera are integral, and when work, which follows, to be seen
Region translation is surveyed, and axis is aligned is observed region always.Wherein convex lens and narrow band filter use according to actual needs, can
To replace different convex lens and narrow band filter according to different Electroplating welding materials or welding manner.Convex lens position is adjustable,
Crater image is amplified, avoids veiling glare from entering as far as possible, keeps crater image clear, equably presents, truly present as far as possible
Molten bath flow process.The tracer element for being attached to workpiece surface is excited when heat source passes through, and characteristic spectrum is different from other light sources.
After convex lens focuses amplification, the light that only tracer element issues specific band can be obviously mapped in the light that molten bath issues
In the sensitive component of CCD camera.The consecutive image that finally CCD camera was photographed is handled by software, obtains the flowing in molten bath
Image.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of welding pool mobile monitoring method based on characteristic spectral line, which comprises the following steps:
Step S1, tracer element is substantially adhered to form tracer element layer on workpiece surface in band-like；
Step S2, the electric arc generated between workpiece and welding gun makes workpiece and tracer element layer by thermosetting molten bath, in welding force
Under the influence of, tracer element and metallic element mix the opposite direction flowing mobile to welding gun；
Step S3, after being influenced by heat source, each element is excited, and issues different characteristic spectral lines, chooses a wave band, makes at this
Luminous intensity maximum is issued in a wave band, when tracer element is excited, the luminous intensity that other elements issue is smaller；
Step S4, narrow band filter is chosen, the light of wave band described in step S3 is passed through, the light cut-off of all band；
Step S5, the light planoconvex lens focusing that molten bath issues is amplified into narrow band filter, and the light of all band is filtered by narrowband
Mating plate cut-off, only the light of specific band can be entered in CCD camera by optical filter, in specific band, only tracer
The luminous intensity that element issues is most strong, other luminous intensities are smaller；
Step S6, the light intensity acquired according to CCD camera, by the variation of light intensity on each coordinate, to simulate molten bath flowing
Trace；
Step S7, the trace flowed by molten bath, simulates complete molten bath flow process.
2. the welding pool mobile monitoring method based on characteristic spectral line as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that convex lens,
Narrow band filter, CCD camera are integrated, and on the same axis.
3. the welding pool mobile monitoring method based on characteristic spectral line as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that use inertia
Gas shield molten bath and tracer element layer reduce the probability that tracer element is oxidized, and reduce the veiling glare bring that oxide issues
Interference.
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107498156B (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2019-09-03 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of multi-angle electric arc light intensity acquisition method based on CCD camera |
| CN109444134A (en) * | 2018-07-10 | 2019-03-08 | 南京理工大学 | Molten bath vision optimal imaging band selection method based on spectrum analysis |
| CN113192573B (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2023-02-21 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Visual analysis method for flow behavior of molten pool |
| CN117245178B (en) * | 2023-11-20 | 2024-01-16 | 西安钢研功能材料股份有限公司 | High-fluidity invar alloy workpiece welding device |
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