CN106623994B - Machine-tool spindle system with pre-tightening force adjusting device - Google Patents
Machine-tool spindle system with pre-tightening force adjusting device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106623994B CN106623994B CN201710099129.6A CN201710099129A CN106623994B CN 106623994 B CN106623994 B CN 106623994B CN 201710099129 A CN201710099129 A CN 201710099129A CN 106623994 B CN106623994 B CN 106623994B
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- Prior art keywords
- ball bearing
- outer ring
- main shaft
- coolant jacket
- bearing
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- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/70—Stationary or movable members for carrying working-spindles for attachment of tools or work
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Support Of The Bearing (AREA)
Abstract
This application provides a kind of machine-tool spindle system with pre-tightening force adjusting device, including main shaft；Compartment of terrain is sheathed on the first ball bearing and the second ball bearing on the main shaft；The inner spacing collar on the main shaft and between first ball bearing and second ball bearing is sheathed on, the both ends of the inner spacing collar are contradicted respectively on the inner ring of first ball bearing and the inner ring of second ball bearing；The coolant jacket being bonded around the main shaft and with the outer ring of the outer ring of first ball bearing and second ball bearing；Be arranged on the coolant jacket for piston element that the outer ring of first ball bearing is promoted to be axially moved；The piezometry element for being used to obtain the outer ring borne load of second ball bearing being arranged on the coolant jacket.The axis system that the application provides need not make other spindle units and structure change and can be suitable for arbitrary bearing configuration mode.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to digit ctrol machine tool fields, the more particularly to machine-tool spindle system with pre-tightening force adjusting device.
Background technology
The size of main shaft of numerical control machine tool bearing pre-fastening has a major impact high-speed machine tool main shaft dynamic characteristic.Main shaft at present
Pre-tension method mainly has positioning preload and level pressure to pre-tighten, and the size of pretightning force is to take into account low speed high torque and high-speed high-power two
Aspect factor and comprehensive determine.For low speed segment, pretightning force is less than normal, system attack forced vibration and self-excited vibration ability compared with
It is weak, it is more apparent often to show remaining chatter mark on the machined surface of workpiece.For high regime, pretightning force is again bigger than normal, causes
Bearing Temperature shortens the service life of bearing, reduces spindle rotation accuracy.Therefore, if the pretightning force of main shaft bearing
It can change with the variation of the speed of mainshaft, not only be expected to obtain the dynamic performance of high-quality, but also can significantly extending shaft
Hold the service life.
German GMN companies as shown in Figure 1 are using main shaft bearing pretightning force mechanism for testing, and front and back bearings are using whole
" back-to-back " form is designed between rear end bearing and bearing block and one helped pull a cart, this help pull a cart respectively in bearing outer ring and bearing block
Circle cooperation.Pressure oil is passed through in the closed cavity helped pull a cart between bearing block, promotion helps pull a cart and then pulls bearing outer ring, makes axis
Relative displacement occurs between the inside and outside circle held, and then adjusts pretightning force.The shortcomings that mechanism for testing is due to main shaft prefastening load
Be divided into underloading, middle load and several operating modes of heavy duty, prefastening load within 0~2500N, required hydraulic pressure 0~1MPa it
Between, which is in the inelastic region of hydraulic valve so that the pretightning force adjusted is difficult to control and measures, also cannot be accurate
Really adjust the pretightning force for main shaft.
The pretightning force control structure of Zhejiang University Jiang Chun inventions as shown in Figure 2, is a hollow closed circular ring shape structure
Part, annulus both ends of the surface are welded with metallic elastic film, hydraulically full plastics in cavity, promote elastic film expansion or shrinkage, right
Bearing outer ring can apply different pretightning forces.The shortcomings that control structure is to need to punch bearing holder (housing, cover), so if bearing
When set outside is provided with complex parts, then need to make the structure of entire main shaft very big change.
The content of the invention
In view of problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of machine tool chief axis system with pre-tightening force adjusting device
System includes：
Main shaft；
Compartment of terrain is sheathed on the first ball bearing and the second ball bearing on the main shaft；
The inner spacing collar on the main shaft and between first ball bearing and second ball bearing is sheathed on,
The both ends of the inner spacing collar are contradicted respectively on the inner ring of first ball bearing and the inner ring of second ball bearing；
It pastes around the main shaft and with the outer ring of the outer ring of first ball bearing and second ball bearing
The coolant jacket of conjunction；
Be arranged on the coolant jacket for piston element that the outer ring of first ball bearing is promoted to be axially moved；
It is arranged at being surveyed for obtaining the pressure of the outer ring borne load of second ball bearing on the coolant jacket
Determine element.
In certain embodiments of the present invention, the coolant jacket is located at first ball bearing and second ball
Part between bearing has inside narrowed section, and first is formed between the narrowed section and the outer ring of first ball bearing
The second gap is formed between the outer ring of gap, the narrowed section and second ball bearing；The piston element is arranged at institute
It states on coolant jacket and in first gap；The piezometry element is arranged on the coolant jacket and positioned at described the
In two gaps.
In certain embodiments of the present invention, the machine-tool spindle system with pre-tightening force adjusting device also wraps
It includes：
Air pressure unit；
The output pressure of institute's air pressure unit can be converted into hydraulic pressure by gas-liquid converting unit, and with described in the hydraulic control
Piston element moves；
Control unit prestores the optimal prefastening load numerical value that the speed of mainshaft matches, and can compare piezometry member
The load value and prefastening load numerical value that part obtains, and send output control signal to air pressure unit.
Machine-tool spindle system provided by the invention with pre-tightening force adjusting device is by by the first ball bearing and piston
Element contacts, the second ball bearing, pressure measuring element and coolant jacket positioning, by the first ball bearing of hydraulic drive outer ring,
Then the load is conducted to the outer ring of the second ball bearing, and is obtained by piezometry element.Control unit is according to acquisition
Load value, itself and default load value are compared, then further passes through air pressure unit and gas-liquid converting unit and adjusts piston
The position of element changes the load for being applied to the first ball bearing outer ring, and then realizes according to the different speed of mainshaft to main shaft
Bearing is pre-tightened.
The present invention more easily can transform existing axis system as machine tool chief axis with pre-tightening force adjusting device
System, except coolant jacket and piston element need in addition processing, to other spindle units and structure need not other changes may be made,
And for arbitrary bearing configuration mode, such as " back-to-back ", " face-to-face ", " series connection ", the present invention can carry out it
Prefastening load measures and control.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of main shaft bearing pretightning force mechanism for testing in the prior art；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of pretightning force control structure in the prior art；
Fig. 3 is the structure diagram for the machine-tool spindle system with pre-tightening force adjusting device that invention provides；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of control unit of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of invention clearer, in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments to hair
It is bright to be described in further detail.Although disclosure exemplary embodiment is shown in attached drawing, it being understood, however, that can be with each
Kind form realizes the present invention without should be limited by embodiments set forth here.It is to be able on the contrary, providing these embodiments
The more thorough explanation present invention, and the scope of the present invention can be completely communicated to those skilled in the art.
With reference to Fig. 3, the machine-tool spindle system with pre-tightening force adjusting device that an embodiment of the present invention provides includes master
Axis 1, the first ball bearing 2 and the second ball bearing 3, inner spacing collar 4, coolant jacket 5, piston element 6 and piezometry element 7.
The axis system is symmetrical with the center line of main shaft 1, therefore Fig. 3 only shows the structure diagram of the system top half.
First ball bearing 2 and 3 compartment of terrain of the second ball bearing are sheathed on main shaft 1.Inner spacing collar 4 is sheathed on main shaft 1
And between the first ball bearing 2 and second ball bearing 3, the both ends of inner spacing collar 4 are contradicted respectively in the first ball axis
It holds on 2 inner ring and the inner ring of second ball bearing 3.Coolant jacket 5 is around main shaft 1 and its inner headed face and the first ball axis
It holds 2 outer ring and the outer ring of the second ball bearing 3 is bonded.Piston element 6 is arranged on coolant jacket 5, and it can be
Movement in small scope, to promote the axial movement of the outer ring of the first ball bearing 2.Piezometry element 7 is arranged at cooling
It covers on 5 and the outer ring borne load of the second ball bearing 3 can be obtained.
In certain embodiments of the present invention, coolant jacket 5 is between the first ball bearing 2 and the second ball bearing 3
Part there is inside narrowed section, this narrows and forms the first gap between section and the outer ring of the first ball bearing 2, this narrows section
And second ball bearing 3 outer ring between form the second gap.Piston element 6 is arranged on coolant jacket 5 and positioned at the first gap
In.Piezometry element 7 is arranged on coolant jacket 5 and in the second gap.
With reference to the schematic diagram shown in Fig. 4 for control unit of the present invention, piston element 6 coordinates with coolant jacket 5, passes through gas
8 input hydraulic pressure of liquid converting unit oil.The both ends of piston element 6 are equipped with sealing ring, for hydraulic oil seal.First ball bearing 2
Inner ring be fixed on by locking nut 9 on main shaft 1.
In use, piston element 6 moves right the outer ring of the first ball bearing 2 is promoted to move right, the first ball bearing 2
Outer ring generate load by the ball of itself, bearing inner race, inner spacing collar 4, the second ball bearing 3 inner ring, ball, axis
Bearing outer-ring, most prefastening load acts on piezometry element 7 at last.Piezometry element 7 by surveyed load through amplifying, filtering,
A/D converts input control unit.When the fine motion to the right of piston element 6, then it can promote 2 outer ring of the first ball bearing that fine motion occurs, make
Relative displacement is generated between bearing outer ring and cone spacer, increases pretightning force.When the fine motion to the left of piston element 6, then due to the first rolling
The ball of pearl bearing 2 is in elastic deformation scope, ball expansion, and fine motion can also occur therewith for bearing outer ring, generate inside and outside circle
Relative displacement reduces pretightning force.
Control unit surveys piezometry element 7 load and carries out the current rotating speed to prestore in data processing, with database
In the range of optimal prefastening load numerical value be compared after, output adjustment signal is converted into controlling voltage accordingly by D/A
Value, the pneumatic pressure-release valve of input air pressure unit, Pneumatic decompression valve regulation enters the pressure of gas-liquid converting unit, and gas-liquid conversion is single
Atmospheric pressure is converted to hydraulic pressure and input hydraulic pressure oil pocket by member, makes the fine motion to the right of piston element 6 or fine motion to the left, so as to
2 outer ring of the first ball bearing is made to generate certain relative displacement compared with the inner ring of itself, and then obtains required optimal preload
Amount.
Finally it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention and not restrictive.Although
The present invention is described in detail with reference to embodiment, it should be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the skill to the present invention
Art scheme is modified or replaced equivalently, and without departure from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, should all be covered at this
Among the right of invention.
Claims (2)
1. the machine-tool spindle system with pre-tightening force adjusting device, which is characterized in that including：
Main shaft；
Compartment of terrain is sheathed on the first ball bearing and the second ball bearing on the main shaft；
The inner spacing collar on the main shaft and between first ball bearing and second ball bearing is sheathed on, it is described
The both ends of inner spacing collar are contradicted respectively on the inner ring of first ball bearing and the inner ring of second ball bearing；
It is bonded around the main shaft and with the outer ring of the outer ring of first ball bearing and second ball bearing
Coolant jacket；
Be arranged on the coolant jacket for piston element that the outer ring of first ball bearing is promoted to be axially moved；
It is arranged at first for obtaining the piezometry of the outer ring borne load of second ball bearing on the coolant jacket
Part；
Part of the coolant jacket between first ball bearing and second ball bearing has inside narrow
Section forms the first gap, the narrowed section and second rolling between the narrowed section and the outer ring of first ball bearing
The second gap is formed between the outer ring of pearl bearing；
The piston element is arranged on the coolant jacket and in first gap；
The piezometry element is arranged on the coolant jacket and in second gap.
2. the machine-tool spindle system according to claim 1 with pre-tightening force adjusting device, which is characterized in that further include：
Air pressure unit；
The output pressure of institute's air pressure unit can be converted into hydraulic pressure by gas-liquid converting unit, and with piston described in the hydraulic control
Element moves；
Control unit prestores the optimal prefastening load numerical value that the speed of mainshaft matches, can compare piezometry element and obtain
The load value and prefastening load numerical value taken, and send output control signal to air pressure unit.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710099129.6A CN106623994B (en) | 2017-02-23 | 2017-02-23 | Machine-tool spindle system with pre-tightening force adjusting device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710099129.6A CN106623994B (en) | 2017-02-23 | 2017-02-23 | Machine-tool spindle system with pre-tightening force adjusting device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106623994A CN106623994A (en) | 2017-05-10 |
| CN106623994B true CN106623994B (en) | 2018-05-22 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710099129.6A Active CN106623994B (en) | 2017-02-23 | 2017-02-23 | Machine-tool spindle system with pre-tightening force adjusting device |
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| Country | Link |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112524152B (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2023-05-09 | 福建金风科技有限公司 | Bearing play adjusting device and method and wind generating set |
| CN110653382B (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2020-10-16 | 德州普利森机床有限公司 | Bearing pre-tightening method for spindle of large-through-hole headstock |
| CN112917185A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2021-06-08 | 北京精雕科技集团有限公司 | High-speed machining electric spindle with adjustable pre-tightening force of bearing group |
| CN113059201A (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-07-02 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | High-speed electric spindle |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2056774A (en) * | 1935-03-20 | 1936-10-06 | Nat Acme Co | Spindle bearing for automatic machines |
| CN87105486A (en) * | 1987-08-05 | 1988-11-16 | 浙江大学 | Pretightening force cotroller of rolling bearing |
| CN102278379A (en) * | 2011-06-20 | 2011-12-14 | 西安交通大学 | Non-uniform-distribution pretightening-force-controllable high-speed main shaft based on piezoelectric actuator and control method thereof |
| CN102528560A (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2012-07-04 | 西安交通大学 | Method for measuring static pre-tightening force of main shaft bearing of machine tool |
| CN102637017A (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2012-08-15 | 西安交通大学 | Real-time monitoring device and method for spindle performance and calibrating experimental device and method thereof |
| WO2012174761A1 (en) * | 2011-06-20 | 2012-12-27 | 西安交通大学 | Non-uniform-distribution pretightening-force-controllable high-speed main shaft based on regulation and control of hydraulic system and control method thereof |
| CN202648921U (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2013-01-02 | 西安交通大学 | Main shaft preloading force dynamic adjustment experiment table based on piezoelectric actuators |
| CN203459999U (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2014-03-05 | 华中科技大学 | Digital pretightening force detecting device for numerical control machine tool feed system |
| CN206567541U (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2017-10-20 | 沈机集团昆明机床股份有限公司 | Machine-tool spindle system with pre-tightening force adjusting device |
-
2017
- 2017-02-23 CN CN201710099129.6A patent/CN106623994B/en active Active
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2056774A (en) * | 1935-03-20 | 1936-10-06 | Nat Acme Co | Spindle bearing for automatic machines |
| CN87105486A (en) * | 1987-08-05 | 1988-11-16 | 浙江大学 | Pretightening force cotroller of rolling bearing |
| CN102278379A (en) * | 2011-06-20 | 2011-12-14 | 西安交通大学 | Non-uniform-distribution pretightening-force-controllable high-speed main shaft based on piezoelectric actuator and control method thereof |
| WO2012174761A1 (en) * | 2011-06-20 | 2012-12-27 | 西安交通大学 | Non-uniform-distribution pretightening-force-controllable high-speed main shaft based on regulation and control of hydraulic system and control method thereof |
| CN102528560A (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2012-07-04 | 西安交通大学 | Method for measuring static pre-tightening force of main shaft bearing of machine tool |
| CN102637017A (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2012-08-15 | 西安交通大学 | Real-time monitoring device and method for spindle performance and calibrating experimental device and method thereof |
| CN202648921U (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2013-01-02 | 西安交通大学 | Main shaft preloading force dynamic adjustment experiment table based on piezoelectric actuators |
| CN203459999U (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2014-03-05 | 华中科技大学 | Digital pretightening force detecting device for numerical control machine tool feed system |
| CN206567541U (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2017-10-20 | 沈机集团昆明机床股份有限公司 | Machine-tool spindle system with pre-tightening force adjusting device |
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| CN106623994A (en) | 2017-05-10 |
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Address after: 650203 No. 23 Dam Road, Yunnan, Kunming Patentee after: General technology Group Kunming Machine Tool Co.,Ltd. Address before: 650203 No. 23 Dam Road, Yunnan, Kunming Patentee before: SHENJI GROUP KUNMING MACHINE TOOL Co.,Ltd. |
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