CN106622093B - 复合式折流旋转床传质与反应设备 - Google Patents
复合式折流旋转床传质与反应设备 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明具体为一种复合式折流旋转床传质与反应设备,包括静盘、液体分布器、液体进口管、气体出口管、上导流板、下导流板、气体进口管、动盘、旋转轴、液体出口管和壳体,静盘和动盘均置于壳体内,静盘上设有若干直径不同的同心环状上导流板,上导流板上开有均匀排布的圆形小孔,动盘上设有若干同心圆台状下导流板,下导流板上开有均匀排布的刺孔,上导流板和下导流板交错排列,静盘与气体出口管固定相连,动盘与旋转轴固定连接,旋转轴一端穿过壳体并与之密封。本发明通过改变气液流体的流动路径,充分利用转子内径向和轴向空间,改善气液分布不均匀的情况,有效延长气液接触时间,通过增加对气体扰动程度,提高气相传质效率。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于超重力场中传质、反应技术领域,具体为一种复合式折流旋转床传质与反应设备。
背景技术
超重力技术是典型的化工过程强化技术之一,极大地强化了气液传质、传热与反应过程。在超重力旋转床中,液体被高速旋转的填料剪切破碎形成表面积极大且不断更新的液滴、液丝和液膜,与穿过填料的气体接触,强化了气液微观混合,使传质系数提高了1~2个数量级,具有液泛高、物料停留时间短等优点。经过多年的发展,超重力旋转床已应用于精馏、脱硫、制备纳米材料、除尘等过程,成为了化工过程强化的有效途径之一。
超重力旋转床体积小是其优点之一,但在一定的空间内也限制了气液的流程,接触时间短,不利用传质过程。现有大部分超重力旋转床中,气液分布不均匀,使得气体未与液体接触就会溢出,影响传质效率,仅能强化液相传质过程,而且由于气体受到填料摩擦曳力的作用,在转子内像固体转动,气相界面得不到快速的更新,也使得气相传质效率较低。
发明内容
本发明针对现有设计中现存的气液分布不均匀以及由于气体受到填料摩擦曳力的作用使得气相界面得不到快速的更新导致的传质效率低下问题,提供了一种复合式折流旋转床传质与反应设备。
本发明采用如下的技术方案实现:复合式折流旋转床传质与反应设备,包括静盘、液体分布器、液体进口管、气体出口管、上导流板、下导流板、气体进口管、动盘、旋转轴、液体出口管和壳体,其特征在于:静盘和动盘均置于壳体内,静盘上设有若干直径不同的同心环状上导流板,上导流板上开有均匀排布的圆形小孔,动盘上设有若干同心圆台状下导流板,下导流板上开有均匀排布的刺孔,上导流板和下导流板交错排列,静盘与气体出口管固定相连,动盘与旋转轴固定连接,旋转轴一端穿过壳体并与之密封,下导流板上刺孔包括通孔以及通孔上边缘的垂直于下导流板或者相对于下导流板向上倾斜的倒刺。
所述的气体进口管和液体出口管设置于壳体上,液体分布器与液体进口管相连,液体进口管设置在气体出口管内。
所述的上导流板材质为不锈钢或聚丙烯塑料,下导流板材质为不锈钢或聚丙烯塑料。
所述的上导流板等间距布置,相邻上导流板间距d1为动盘长度D的1/12~1/10,上导流板高度d3为相邻上导流板间距d1的2.4~3倍,上导流板与动盘间距d4为相邻上导流板间距d1的1/7~1/5。
所述的下导流板等间距布置,下导流板与动盘之间的夹角θ为45o~75o,下导流板顶端与上导流板顶端间距d2为相邻上导流板间距d1的1/8~1/6。
所述的上导流板上圆形小孔孔径为1~2mm,孔间距为1.5~2.5mm。
所述刺孔在下导流板上成矩形均匀排列,通孔孔径为1~2mm,孔间距为1.5~2.5mm。
所述的液体分布器为圆柱形状,四周自上而下布置有6组圆形细孔,每组包含7个细孔,细孔孔径为0.4~0.5mm。
与现有技术相比,本发明的优点是:通过改变气液流体的流动路径,充分利用转子内径向和轴向空间,改善气液分布不均匀的情况,有效延长气液接触时间;同时,通过增加对气体扰动程度,提高气相传质效率。
具体如下:
(1)上导流板和下导流板沿径向等距离的固定在静盘和动盘上,气体沿径向由外向内依次交替通过上导流板和下导流板,液体则沿径向由内向外依次交替通过下导流板和上导流板。液体进入到液体分布器经0.4mm的细孔喷出后,形成比表面积较大的喷雾,有效地增加了气液界面面积,强化了设备的气液传质效果。
(2)喷雾撞击到带有刺孔的下导流板后,在离心力的作用下,液体在刺孔和导流板上形成薄的液膜而不是在导流板上形成层流,部分液体穿过刺孔撞击在下一上导流板,大部分顺着下导流板流动,增加了每个下导流板上的气液接触面积;同时,气体可以将刺孔的液膜吹破,将液膜拉得更薄,下导流板与动盘之间存在夹角,液体在离心力的作用下,穿过刺孔在下导流板的外侧形成液膜,增大了气液接触面积和导流板的表面利用率。
(4)在离心场中,气体在通过刺孔和上下导流板之间的流体通道时,不断地被剪切和分散,与液体在导流板形成的通道之间逆流接触,发生强烈的混合,气液之间的相互作用增强,气相湍动程度增强,气相传质过程得到强化。
(5)不需要填充填料,减少了装置的制作成本,降低了运行能耗,并且转动惯性显著减小,运行稳定性得到提高,可以长时间连续运行。
附图说明
图1为复合式折流旋转床结构示意图;
图2为液体分布器结构展开图;
图3位上导流板侧视图;
图4为下导流板侧视图。
图中:1-静盘,2-液体分布器,3-液体进口管,4-气体出口管,5-上导流板,6-下导流板,7-气体进口管,8-动盘,9-刺孔,10-旋转轴,11-液体出口管,12-壳体。
具体实施方式
结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式最进一步说明。
如图1所示,一种复合式折流旋转床传质与反应设备,包括静盘1、液体分布器2、液体进口管3、气体出口管4、上导流板5、下导流板6、气体进口管7、动盘8、旋转轴10、液体出口管11和壳体12,其特征在于:静盘1和动盘8均置于壳体内,静盘1上设有若干直径不同的同心上导流板5,动盘8上设有若干同心圆台下导流板6,上导流板5和下导流板6交错排列,静盘1与气体出口管4固定相连,动盘8与旋转轴10固定连接,旋转轴10一端穿过壳体12并与之密封。壳体12上设置有气体进口管7和液体出口管11,液体分布器2与液体进口管3连,液体进口管3设置在气体出口管4内。传质、反应具体过程为:气体从气体进口7进入,在转子内依次通过下导流板6和上导流板5,受到导流板通道的限制,在刺孔9和上下导流板的多重作用下,湍动程度大大增强;液体进入到液体分布器2内后经细孔喷出后,形成比表面积较大的喷雾,喷雾撞击到下导流板上6,形成很薄的液膜,顺着下导流板6向上流动,通过刺孔和上下导流板之间流体通道撞击到带有小孔的上导流板5上形成细小的液滴,在重力的作用下下降至动盘8上,然后又被甩到带有刺孔的下导流板6上形成很薄的液膜,如此的反复下去;气体与液体在导流板形成的通道之间逆流接触,发生强烈的混合,气液之间的相互作用增强,气相湍动程度增强,气相传质过程得到强化。最终,气体从气体出口4流出,液体由液体出口11流出,完成传质、反应过程。
如图2所示,圆柱形状液体分布器3展开后结构,四周从上到下不对称的开有细孔,细孔孔径为0.4~0.5mm,保证液体均匀的喷洒到下导流板6上。
如图3所示,上导流板5安装在静盘1上,上导流板5上开有圆形小孔。
如图4所示,下导流板6与动盘8之间的夹角θ为45o~75o,下导流板6上开有刺孔9,以辗轧方式在板片上辗出,刺孔9包括通孔以及通孔上边缘的垂直于下导流板或者相对于下导流板向上倾斜的倒刺,刺孔9在下导流板6上成矩形均匀排列。
下面结合具体实施例对本发明的实施方式做进一步说明。
实施例1:将本发明设备应用于2000mg/m3硫化氢吸收过程。实验中装置结构参数为:θ=45o、d1=1/10D、d2=1/7d1、d3=3d1、d4=1/7d1、刺孔孔径1.5mm、刺孔间距2mm、圆形小孔孔径1mm、刺孔间距2.5mm,液体分布器细孔孔径0.45mm;操作参数为:液气比为10L/m3,旋转床转速1000r/min、纯碱含量12g/L、PDS含量15mg/L、温度30℃条件下,硫化氢的平均脱除率为96.4%。
实施例2:将本发明设备应用于2000mg/m3硫化氢吸收过程。实验中装置结构参数为:θ=60o、d1=1/12D、d2=1/6d1、d3=2.4d1、d4=1/5d1、刺孔孔径1mm、刺孔间距2.5mm、圆形小孔孔径1.5mm、刺孔间距2mm,液体分布器细孔孔径0.4mm;操作参数为:液气比为10L/m3,旋转床转速1000r/min、纯碱含量12g/L、PDS含量15mg/L、温度30℃条件下,硫化氢的平均脱除率为98.7%。
实施例3:将本发明设备应用于2000mg/m3硫化氢吸收过程。实验中装置结构参数为:θ=75o、d1=1/11D、d2=1/8d1、d3=2.7d1、d4=1/6d1、刺孔孔径2mm、刺孔间距1.5mm、圆形小孔孔径2mm、刺孔间距1.5mm,液体分布器细孔孔径0.5mm;操作参数为:液气比为10L/m3,旋转床转速1000r/min、纯碱含量12g/L、PDS含量15mg/L、温度30℃条件下,硫化氢的平均脱除率为95.3%。
在相同操作参数下,与文献(超重力法脱除气体中硫化氢[J],化工进展,2008,27(9):1404-1407)应用于2000mg/m3硫化氢吸收过程对比见下表。
实验 | 实验1 | 实验2 | 实验3 | 文献 |
硫化氢平均脱除率 | 96.40% | 98.70% | 95.30% | 92.40% |
Claims (8)
1.一种复合式折流旋转床传质与反应设备,包括静盘(1)、液体分布器(2)、液体进口管(3)、气体出口管(4)、上导流板(5)、下导流板(6)、气体进口管(7)、动盘(8)、旋转轴(10)、液体出口管(11)和壳体(12),其特征在于:静盘(1)和动盘(8)均置于壳体内,静盘(1)上设有若干直径不同的同心环状上导流板(5),上导流板(5)上开有均匀排布的圆形小孔,动盘(8)上设有若干同心圆台状下导流板(6),下导流板(6)上开有均匀排布的刺孔(9),上导流板(5)和下导流板(6)交错排列,静盘(1)与气体出口管(4)固定相连,动盘(8)与旋转轴(10)固定连接,旋转轴(10)一端穿过壳体(12)并与之密封,刺孔(9)包括通孔以及通孔上边缘的垂直于下导流板(6)或者相对于下导流板(6)向上倾斜的倒刺。
2.根据权利要求1所述的复合式折流旋转床传质与反应设备,其特征在于:气体进口管(7)和液体出口管(11)设置于壳体(12)上,液体分布器(2)与液体进口管(3)相连,液体进口管(3)设置在气体出口管(4)内。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的复合式折流旋转床传质与反应设备,其特征在于:所述的上导流板(5)材质为不锈钢或聚丙烯塑料,下导流板(6)材质为不锈钢或聚丙烯塑料。
4.根据权利要求3所述的复合式折流旋转床传质与反应设备,其特征在于:上导流板(5)等间距布置,相邻上导流板(5)间距d1为动盘(8)长度D的1/12~1/10,上导流板(5)高度d3为相邻上导流板(5)间距d1的2.4~3倍,上导流板(5)与动盘(8)间距d4为相邻上导流板(5)间距d1的1/7~1/5。
5.根据权利要求4所述的复合式折流旋转床传质与反应设备,其特征在于:下导流板(6)等间距布置,下导流板(6)与动盘(8)之间的夹角θ为45o~75o,下导流板(6)顶端与上导流板(5)顶端间距d2为相邻上导流板(5)间距d1的1/8~1/6。
6.根据权利要求5所述的复合式折流旋转床传质与反应设备,其特征在于:上导流板(5)上圆形小孔孔径为1~2mm,孔间距为1.5~2.5mm。
7.根据权利要求1所述的复合式折流旋转床传质与反应设备,其特征在于:刺孔(9)在下导流板上成矩形均匀排列,通孔孔径为1~2mm,孔间距为1.5~2.5mm。
8.根据权利要求1或2所述的复合式折流旋转床传质与反应设备,其特征在于:液体分布器(3)为圆柱形状,四周自上而下布置有6组圆形细孔,每组包含7个细孔,细孔孔径为0.4~0.5mm。
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