CN106613853A - Tobacco float breeding medium and method - Google Patents
Tobacco float breeding medium and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106613853A CN106613853A CN201611262489.5A CN201611262489A CN106613853A CN 106613853 A CN106613853 A CN 106613853A CN 201611262489 A CN201611262489 A CN 201611262489A CN 106613853 A CN106613853 A CN 106613853A
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- tobacco
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a tobacco float breeding medium and method. The tobacco float breeding medium is composed of, by weight percentage, 70%-85% of organic material components and 15%-30% of natural mineral components, wherein the organic material components are composed of turf and decomposed plant straw at a ratio of 1:0.8-1.2; the natural mineral components are composed of pearlite and vermiculite at a ratio of 1:0.5-1.0; the pH value of the tobacco float breeding medium is 5.0-7.0; the grain size of the tobacco float breeding medium is 1-5 mm. The tobacco float breeding medium and method can significantly promote growth and development of tobacco seedlings and improve the quality of the tobacco seedlings; obtained tobacco seedlings are more developed in root system compared with those bred through conventional float breeding methods and sand breeding methods. Meanwhile, the tobacco float breeding medium and method can facilitate improvement of quality of grown tobacco seedlings, promote early growth and quick development of transplanted tobacco plants, improve the quality of cured tobacco and further increase the economic benefits of tobacco.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to floating seedlings technical field, more particularly to a kind of tobacco floating seedling culture matrix and method for culturing seedlings.
Background technology
The Emergence and Development and present situation of tobacco floating seed rearing:Floating seedlings are in order to economize the land resource, using foamed plastics
Seedlings nursing plate is made, matrix (artificial soil) will be loaded in the hole of seedlings nursing plate, then sow seed in the substrate, finally will be educated
Seed plate moves to the technology that whole seedling raising process is completed in the nursery pond for fill flotation fluid, belongs to soilless culture category.It originates from
Foreign countries, are released first for 1988 by the U.S., after Brazil, Zimbabwe etc. country promote.China took the lead in Yunnan in 1996
Carry out tobacco floating seed rearing research with the province of Hubei two, obtain within 2000 State Tobacco Monopoly Bureau's project verification, many company's scientific researches are promoted.
So far China successfully have developed the tobacco floating seed rearing technical system and supporting product of suitable China's actual production
Product, floating seedlings area has accounted for more than the 80% of the intensive seedling production gross area, more has part producing region to realize full floating seedlings, with
The U.S., Brazil etc. are in advanced international standard ranks together.
The content of the invention
In view of this, it is an object of the invention to propose a kind of tobacco floating seedling culture matrix, base starting material is easy to get, physics and chemistry
Can stable and easily form the tobacco floating seed rearing without bad rhizosphere effect of aggregate structure.
Additionally, the invention allows for one grows tobacco flotation method for culturing seedlings.
To solve above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention is employed the following technical solutions and is achieved:
A kind of tobacco floating seedling culture matrix, by weight percentage, including organic material component 70%~85% and day
Right mineral constituent 15%-30%, wherein, the organic materials component includes turf and the straw that becomes thoroughly decomposed, turf and plant of becoming thoroughly decomposed
The ratio of thing stalk is 1:0.8-1.2;The natural minerals component includes that the ratio of perlite and vermiculite, perlite and vermiculite is
1:0.5-1.0, the pH value of the matrix is 5.0-7.0;The matrix particle diameter is 1-5mm.
Preferably, in the present invention, the total porosity of the matrix is 80-95%, and unit weight scope is 0.1-0.35g/
cm3, electrical conductivity is no more than 1000 μ S/cm.
A kind of tobacco floating seed rearing method, comprises the following steps:
(1) seedling shed is built, nursery pond, nursery pond bottom herbicide and insecticide spraying, Ran Houyong are excavated in seedling shed lower section
Film shop fixtures, and the water filling in nursery pond;
(2) prepared by lattice disk, and lattice disk single cave solvent is 27mL, and single alms bowl is in inverted trapezoidal shape, and bottom arranges 0.5cm-0.6cm;
(3) canopy film, sunshade net and insulation material are covered on nursery pond;
(4) uniformity ground adopts above-mentioned medium in tray, matrix to reach its water content with water infiltration using front in lattice disk
30%-40%,
(5) sowed from coating tobacco seed, and the thick matrix of 2mm is covered on seed;
(6) emerge after-applied flotation special fertilizer for seedling culture, make Different Nitrogen Concentration in larval rearing water reach 100mg/kg, the flotation
N, P in special fertilizer for seedling culture2O5、K2O in mass ratio 1:(0.6-1.1):(2.5-3.0), topdress 1-2 in tobacco seedlings 5-7 piece leaf period
It is secondary, make Different Nitrogen Concentration in larval rearing water maintain 100mg/kg;
(7) leaf-cutting is carried out when tobacco seedlings length is to away from growing point 3cm, the 1/3 of tobacco seedlings blade is deducted during leaf-cutting, 3-5 is pruned altogether
It is secondary;
(8) 7d-20d starts cut off the water supply, break fertilizer, hardening of divulging information round the clock before transplanting, and hardening degree does not occur permanently with tobacco seedlings
Wither to spend, transplanted after hardening.
Preferably, in the present invention, emerge from being seeded into, seedling temperature of shed is 25 DEG C -28 DEG C, is emerged with obtaining maximum
Rate, before the tobacco seedlings grand cross phase, seedling temperature of shed is less than 30 DEG C, after the grand cross phase, and seedling temperature of shed is less than 35 DEG C.
Preferably, in the present invention, the fly net adopts the white Nylon net of 30-40 mesh.
The present invention have the advantage that compared with prior art for:Using the method for the present invention, tobacco seedlings can be obviously promoted
Grow, improve seedling quality, and root system than conventional floating seedlings and sand culture nursery prosperity.Meanwhile, the method for the present invention
Contribute to the lifting of tobacco seedlings seedling quality, early growth and quick tiller after promoting cigarette strain to transplant, and the quality of cured tobacco leaf is improved, lift tobacco
Economic well-being of workers and staff.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described,
Obviously, described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than the embodiment of whole.Based in the present invention
Embodiment, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, all
Belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of tobacco floating seedling culture matrix, by weight percentage, including organic material component 70%~85% and day
Right mineral constituent 15%-30%, wherein, the organic materials component includes turf and the straw that becomes thoroughly decomposed, turf and plant of becoming thoroughly decomposed
The ratio of thing stalk is 1:0.8-1.2;The natural minerals component includes that the ratio of perlite and vermiculite, perlite and vermiculite is
1:0.5-1.0, the pH value of the matrix is 5.0-7.0;The matrix particle diameter is 1-5mm, specifically, the total pore space of the matrix
Spend for 80-95%, unit weight scope is 0.1-0.35g/cm3, electrical conductivity is no more than 1000 μ S/cm.
Embodiment 2
A kind of tobacco floating seed rearing method with matrix described in embodiment 1 as seedling medium, comprises the following steps:
(1) seedling shed is built, nursery pond, nursery pond bottom herbicide and insecticide spraying, Ran Houyong are excavated in seedling shed lower section
Film shop fixtures, and the water filling in nursery pond;
(2) prepared by lattice disk, and lattice disk single cave solvent is 27mL, and single alms bowl is in inverted trapezoidal shape, and bottom arranges 0.5cm-0.6cm;
(3) canopy film, sunshade net and insulation material are covered on nursery pond;
(4) uniformity ground adopts the medium in tray in embodiment 1, matrix to make its aqueous with water infiltration using front in lattice disk
Amount reaches 30%-40%,
(5) sowed from coating tobacco seed, and the thick matrix of 2mm is covered on seed;
(6) emerge after-applied flotation special fertilizer for seedling culture, make Different Nitrogen Concentration in larval rearing water reach 100mg/kg, the flotation
N, P in special fertilizer for seedling culture2O5、K2O in mass ratio 1:(0.6-1.1):(2.5-3.0), topdress 1-2 in tobacco seedlings 5-7 piece leaf period
It is secondary, make Different Nitrogen Concentration in larval rearing water maintain 100mg/kg;
(7) leaf-cutting is carried out when tobacco seedlings length is to away from growing point 3cm, the 1/3 of tobacco seedlings blade is deducted during leaf-cutting, 3-5 is pruned altogether
It is secondary;
(8) 7d-20d starts cut off the water supply, break fertilizer, hardening of divulging information round the clock before transplanting, and hardening degree does not occur permanently with tobacco seedlings
Wither to spend, transplanted after hardening.
Preferably, in the present invention, emerge from being seeded into, seedling temperature of shed is 25 DEG C -28 DEG C, is emerged with obtaining maximum
Rate, before the tobacco seedlings grand cross phase, seedling temperature of shed is less than 30 DEG C, after the grand cross phase, and seedling temperature of shed is less than 35 DEG C.
Preferably, in the present invention, the fly net adopts the white Nylon net of 30-40 mesh.
Presently preferred embodiments of the present invention is the foregoing is only, not to limit the present invention, all essences in the present invention
Within god and principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc. should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of tobacco floating seedling culture matrix, it is characterised in that by weight percentage, including organic material component 70%~
85% and natural minerals component 15%-30%, wherein, the organic materials component includes turf and the straw that becomes thoroughly decomposed, grass
The ratio of charcoal and the straw that becomes thoroughly decomposed is 1:0.8-1.2;The natural minerals component includes perlite and vermiculite, perlite and leech
The ratio of stone is 1:0.5-1.0, the pH value of the matrix is 5.0-7.0;The matrix particle diameter is 1-5mm.
2. matrix according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the total porosity of the matrix is 80-95%, unit weight scope
For 0.1-0.35g/cm3, electrical conductivity is no more than 1000 μ S/cm.
3. a kind of tobacco floating seed rearing method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) seedling shed is built, seedling shed lower section is excavated nursery pond, nursery pond bottom herbicide and insecticide spraying, then uses film
Shop fixtures, and the water filling in nursery pond;
(2) prepared by lattice disk, and lattice disk single cave solvent is 27mL, and single alms bowl is in inverted trapezoidal shape, and bottom arranges 0.5cm-0.6cm;
(3) canopy film, sunshade net and insulation material are covered on nursery pond;
(4) adopt medium in tray, matrix to make its water content reach 30%- with water infiltration using front in lattice disk uniformity
40%,
(5) sowed from coating tobacco seed, and the thick matrix of 2mm is covered on seed;
(6) emerge after-applied flotation special fertilizer for seedling culture, make Different Nitrogen Concentration in larval rearing water reach 100mg/kg, the flotation nursery
N, P in special fertilizer2O5、K2O in mass ratio 1:(0.6-1.1):(2.5-3.0), topdress 1-2 time in tobacco seedlings 5-7 piece leaf period, make
Different Nitrogen Concentration maintains 100mg/kg in larval rearing water;
(7) leaf-cutting is carried out when tobacco seedlings length is to away from growing point 3cm, the 1/3 of tobacco seedlings blade is deducted during leaf-cutting, pruned 3-5 time altogether;
(8) 7d-20d starts cut off the water supply, break fertilizer, hardening of divulging information round the clock before transplanting, and hardening degree does not occur permanent withered with tobacco seedlings
For degree, transplanted after hardening.
4. method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that emerge from being seeded into, seedling temperature of shed is 25 DEG C -28 DEG C,
To obtain maximum emergence rate, before the tobacco seedlings grand cross phase, seedling temperature of shed is less than 30 DEG C, and after the grand cross phase, seedling temperature of shed is low
In 35 DEG C.
5. method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the matrix by weight percentage, including organic materials
Component 70%~85% and natural minerals component 15%-30%, wherein, the organic materials component includes turf and plant of becoming thoroughly decomposed
The ratio of thing stalk, turf and the straw that becomes thoroughly decomposed is 1:0.8-1.2;The natural minerals component includes perlite and vermiculite,
The ratio of perlite and vermiculite is 1:0.5-1.0, the pH value of the matrix is 5.0-7.0;The matrix particle diameter is 1-5mm.
6. method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the total porosity of the matrix is 80-95%, unit weight scope
For 0.1-0.35g/cm3, electrical conductivity is no more than 1000 μ S/cm.
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CN201611262489.5A CN106613853A (en) | 2016-12-30 | 2016-12-30 | Tobacco float breeding medium and method |
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CN201611262489.5A CN106613853A (en) | 2016-12-30 | 2016-12-30 | Tobacco float breeding medium and method |
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Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107155704A (en) * | 2017-06-06 | 2017-09-15 | 界首市祥润家庭农场 | A kind of autumn dried lactuca floating disc method for culturing seedlings |
CN107853118A (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2018-03-30 | 安徽省农业科学院烟草研究所 | A kind of cultivation method of flue-cured tobacco small strong seedlings |
CN108668871A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2018-10-19 | 惠州护地农科有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of crops non-soil culture |
CN109906910A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-06-21 | 江苏兴农基质科技有限公司 | A kind of tobacco functional biological seedling medium and preparation method thereof |
CN110521453A (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2019-12-03 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所 | Tobacco seedling strong sprout method and its application based on conversion film and addition NaHS |
CN111837861A (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2020-10-30 | 云南农业大学 | Water-saving fertilizer-saving seedling raising method for conventional tobacco seedlings |
CN111837862A (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2020-10-30 | 云南农业大学 | Water-saving fertilizer-saving seedling raising method for undersea plantlet tobacco seedlings |
CN114402951A (en) * | 2022-02-17 | 2022-04-29 | 宜宾市农业科学院 | Flue-cured tobacco wet seedling raising substrate and seedling raising method thereof |
CN114793828A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-07-29 | 湖北省烟草科学研究院 | Tobacco seedling culture medium and preparation and use methods thereof |
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CN101422123A (en) * | 2008-11-28 | 2009-05-06 | 云南省烟草公司玉溪市公司 | Cured tobacco seedling-raiding vermiculite matrix and seedling raising method using the same |
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Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107155704A (en) * | 2017-06-06 | 2017-09-15 | 界首市祥润家庭农场 | A kind of autumn dried lactuca floating disc method for culturing seedlings |
CN107853118A (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2018-03-30 | 安徽省农业科学院烟草研究所 | A kind of cultivation method of flue-cured tobacco small strong seedlings |
CN108668871A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2018-10-19 | 惠州护地农科有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of crops non-soil culture |
CN109906910A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-06-21 | 江苏兴农基质科技有限公司 | A kind of tobacco functional biological seedling medium and preparation method thereof |
CN110521453A (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2019-12-03 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所 | Tobacco seedling strong sprout method and its application based on conversion film and addition NaHS |
CN111837861A (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2020-10-30 | 云南农业大学 | Water-saving fertilizer-saving seedling raising method for conventional tobacco seedlings |
CN111837862A (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2020-10-30 | 云南农业大学 | Water-saving fertilizer-saving seedling raising method for undersea plantlet tobacco seedlings |
CN114402951A (en) * | 2022-02-17 | 2022-04-29 | 宜宾市农业科学院 | Flue-cured tobacco wet seedling raising substrate and seedling raising method thereof |
CN114793828A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-07-29 | 湖北省烟草科学研究院 | Tobacco seedling culture medium and preparation and use methods thereof |
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