CN106613853A - Tobacco float breeding medium and method - Google Patents

Tobacco float breeding medium and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106613853A
CN106613853A CN201611262489.5A CN201611262489A CN106613853A CN 106613853 A CN106613853 A CN 106613853A CN 201611262489 A CN201611262489 A CN 201611262489A CN 106613853 A CN106613853 A CN 106613853A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
tobacco
matrix
seedling
seedlings
ratio
Prior art date
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Pending
Application number
CN201611262489.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
韦建玉
郑荣豪
王军
王维
金亚波
陈桢禄
徐岩
陈泽鹏
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
NANXIONG SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF GUANGDONG TOBACCO
South China Agricultural University
China Tobacco Guangxi Industrial Co Ltd
China National Tobacco Corp Guangdong Branch
Original Assignee
NANXIONG SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF GUANGDONG TOBACCO
South China Agricultural University
China Tobacco Guangxi Industrial Co Ltd
China National Tobacco Corp Guangdong Branch
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Application filed by NANXIONG SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF GUANGDONG TOBACCO, South China Agricultural University, China Tobacco Guangxi Industrial Co Ltd, China National Tobacco Corp Guangdong Branch filed Critical NANXIONG SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF GUANGDONG TOBACCO
Priority to CN201611262489.5A priority Critical patent/CN106613853A/en
Publication of CN106613853A publication Critical patent/CN106613853A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a tobacco float breeding medium and method. The tobacco float breeding medium is composed of, by weight percentage, 70%-85% of organic material components and 15%-30% of natural mineral components, wherein the organic material components are composed of turf and decomposed plant straw at a ratio of 1:0.8-1.2; the natural mineral components are composed of pearlite and vermiculite at a ratio of 1:0.5-1.0; the pH value of the tobacco float breeding medium is 5.0-7.0; the grain size of the tobacco float breeding medium is 1-5 mm. The tobacco float breeding medium and method can significantly promote growth and development of tobacco seedlings and improve the quality of the tobacco seedlings; obtained tobacco seedlings are more developed in root system compared with those bred through conventional float breeding methods and sand breeding methods. Meanwhile, the tobacco float breeding medium and method can facilitate improvement of quality of grown tobacco seedlings, promote early growth and quick development of transplanted tobacco plants, improve the quality of cured tobacco and further increase the economic benefits of tobacco.

Description

A kind of tobacco floating seedling culture matrix and method for culturing seedlings
Technical field
The invention belongs to floating seedlings technical field, more particularly to a kind of tobacco floating seedling culture matrix and method for culturing seedlings.
Background technology
The Emergence and Development and present situation of tobacco floating seed rearing:Floating seedlings are in order to economize the land resource, using foamed plastics Seedlings nursing plate is made, matrix (artificial soil) will be loaded in the hole of seedlings nursing plate, then sow seed in the substrate, finally will be educated Seed plate moves to the technology that whole seedling raising process is completed in the nursery pond for fill flotation fluid, belongs to soilless culture category.It originates from Foreign countries, are released first for 1988 by the U.S., after Brazil, Zimbabwe etc. country promote.China took the lead in Yunnan in 1996 Carry out tobacco floating seed rearing research with the province of Hubei two, obtain within 2000 State Tobacco Monopoly Bureau's project verification, many company's scientific researches are promoted.
So far China successfully have developed the tobacco floating seed rearing technical system and supporting product of suitable China's actual production Product, floating seedlings area has accounted for more than the 80% of the intensive seedling production gross area, more has part producing region to realize full floating seedlings, with The U.S., Brazil etc. are in advanced international standard ranks together.
The content of the invention
In view of this, it is an object of the invention to propose a kind of tobacco floating seedling culture matrix, base starting material is easy to get, physics and chemistry Can stable and easily form the tobacco floating seed rearing without bad rhizosphere effect of aggregate structure.
Additionally, the invention allows for one grows tobacco flotation method for culturing seedlings.
To solve above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention is employed the following technical solutions and is achieved:
A kind of tobacco floating seedling culture matrix, by weight percentage, including organic material component 70%~85% and day Right mineral constituent 15%-30%, wherein, the organic materials component includes turf and the straw that becomes thoroughly decomposed, turf and plant of becoming thoroughly decomposed The ratio of thing stalk is 1:0.8-1.2;The natural minerals component includes that the ratio of perlite and vermiculite, perlite and vermiculite is 1:0.5-1.0, the pH value of the matrix is 5.0-7.0;The matrix particle diameter is 1-5mm.
Preferably, in the present invention, the total porosity of the matrix is 80-95%, and unit weight scope is 0.1-0.35g/ cm3, electrical conductivity is no more than 1000 μ S/cm.
A kind of tobacco floating seed rearing method, comprises the following steps:
(1) seedling shed is built, nursery pond, nursery pond bottom herbicide and insecticide spraying, Ran Houyong are excavated in seedling shed lower section Film shop fixtures, and the water filling in nursery pond;
(2) prepared by lattice disk, and lattice disk single cave solvent is 27mL, and single alms bowl is in inverted trapezoidal shape, and bottom arranges 0.5cm-0.6cm;
(3) canopy film, sunshade net and insulation material are covered on nursery pond;
(4) uniformity ground adopts above-mentioned medium in tray, matrix to reach its water content with water infiltration using front in lattice disk 30%-40%,
(5) sowed from coating tobacco seed, and the thick matrix of 2mm is covered on seed;
(6) emerge after-applied flotation special fertilizer for seedling culture, make Different Nitrogen Concentration in larval rearing water reach 100mg/kg, the flotation N, P in special fertilizer for seedling culture2O5、K2O in mass ratio 1:(0.6-1.1):(2.5-3.0), topdress 1-2 in tobacco seedlings 5-7 piece leaf period It is secondary, make Different Nitrogen Concentration in larval rearing water maintain 100mg/kg;
(7) leaf-cutting is carried out when tobacco seedlings length is to away from growing point 3cm, the 1/3 of tobacco seedlings blade is deducted during leaf-cutting, 3-5 is pruned altogether It is secondary;
(8) 7d-20d starts cut off the water supply, break fertilizer, hardening of divulging information round the clock before transplanting, and hardening degree does not occur permanently with tobacco seedlings Wither to spend, transplanted after hardening.
Preferably, in the present invention, emerge from being seeded into, seedling temperature of shed is 25 DEG C -28 DEG C, is emerged with obtaining maximum Rate, before the tobacco seedlings grand cross phase, seedling temperature of shed is less than 30 DEG C, after the grand cross phase, and seedling temperature of shed is less than 35 DEG C.
Preferably, in the present invention, the fly net adopts the white Nylon net of 30-40 mesh.
The present invention have the advantage that compared with prior art for:Using the method for the present invention, tobacco seedlings can be obviously promoted Grow, improve seedling quality, and root system than conventional floating seedlings and sand culture nursery prosperity.Meanwhile, the method for the present invention Contribute to the lifting of tobacco seedlings seedling quality, early growth and quick tiller after promoting cigarette strain to transplant, and the quality of cured tobacco leaf is improved, lift tobacco Economic well-being of workers and staff.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, Obviously, described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than the embodiment of whole.Based in the present invention Embodiment, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, all Belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of tobacco floating seedling culture matrix, by weight percentage, including organic material component 70%~85% and day Right mineral constituent 15%-30%, wherein, the organic materials component includes turf and the straw that becomes thoroughly decomposed, turf and plant of becoming thoroughly decomposed The ratio of thing stalk is 1:0.8-1.2;The natural minerals component includes that the ratio of perlite and vermiculite, perlite and vermiculite is 1:0.5-1.0, the pH value of the matrix is 5.0-7.0;The matrix particle diameter is 1-5mm, specifically, the total pore space of the matrix Spend for 80-95%, unit weight scope is 0.1-0.35g/cm3, electrical conductivity is no more than 1000 μ S/cm.
Embodiment 2
A kind of tobacco floating seed rearing method with matrix described in embodiment 1 as seedling medium, comprises the following steps:
(1) seedling shed is built, nursery pond, nursery pond bottom herbicide and insecticide spraying, Ran Houyong are excavated in seedling shed lower section Film shop fixtures, and the water filling in nursery pond;
(2) prepared by lattice disk, and lattice disk single cave solvent is 27mL, and single alms bowl is in inverted trapezoidal shape, and bottom arranges 0.5cm-0.6cm;
(3) canopy film, sunshade net and insulation material are covered on nursery pond;
(4) uniformity ground adopts the medium in tray in embodiment 1, matrix to make its aqueous with water infiltration using front in lattice disk Amount reaches 30%-40%,
(5) sowed from coating tobacco seed, and the thick matrix of 2mm is covered on seed;
(6) emerge after-applied flotation special fertilizer for seedling culture, make Different Nitrogen Concentration in larval rearing water reach 100mg/kg, the flotation N, P in special fertilizer for seedling culture2O5、K2O in mass ratio 1:(0.6-1.1):(2.5-3.0), topdress 1-2 in tobacco seedlings 5-7 piece leaf period It is secondary, make Different Nitrogen Concentration in larval rearing water maintain 100mg/kg;
(7) leaf-cutting is carried out when tobacco seedlings length is to away from growing point 3cm, the 1/3 of tobacco seedlings blade is deducted during leaf-cutting, 3-5 is pruned altogether It is secondary;
(8) 7d-20d starts cut off the water supply, break fertilizer, hardening of divulging information round the clock before transplanting, and hardening degree does not occur permanently with tobacco seedlings Wither to spend, transplanted after hardening.
Preferably, in the present invention, emerge from being seeded into, seedling temperature of shed is 25 DEG C -28 DEG C, is emerged with obtaining maximum Rate, before the tobacco seedlings grand cross phase, seedling temperature of shed is less than 30 DEG C, after the grand cross phase, and seedling temperature of shed is less than 35 DEG C.
Preferably, in the present invention, the fly net adopts the white Nylon net of 30-40 mesh.
Presently preferred embodiments of the present invention is the foregoing is only, not to limit the present invention, all essences in the present invention Within god and principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc. should be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of tobacco floating seedling culture matrix, it is characterised in that by weight percentage, including organic material component 70%~ 85% and natural minerals component 15%-30%, wherein, the organic materials component includes turf and the straw that becomes thoroughly decomposed, grass The ratio of charcoal and the straw that becomes thoroughly decomposed is 1:0.8-1.2;The natural minerals component includes perlite and vermiculite, perlite and leech The ratio of stone is 1:0.5-1.0, the pH value of the matrix is 5.0-7.0;The matrix particle diameter is 1-5mm.
2. matrix according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the total porosity of the matrix is 80-95%, unit weight scope For 0.1-0.35g/cm3, electrical conductivity is no more than 1000 μ S/cm.
3. a kind of tobacco floating seed rearing method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) seedling shed is built, seedling shed lower section is excavated nursery pond, nursery pond bottom herbicide and insecticide spraying, then uses film Shop fixtures, and the water filling in nursery pond;
(2) prepared by lattice disk, and lattice disk single cave solvent is 27mL, and single alms bowl is in inverted trapezoidal shape, and bottom arranges 0.5cm-0.6cm;
(3) canopy film, sunshade net and insulation material are covered on nursery pond;
(4) adopt medium in tray, matrix to make its water content reach 30%- with water infiltration using front in lattice disk uniformity 40%,
(5) sowed from coating tobacco seed, and the thick matrix of 2mm is covered on seed;
(6) emerge after-applied flotation special fertilizer for seedling culture, make Different Nitrogen Concentration in larval rearing water reach 100mg/kg, the flotation nursery N, P in special fertilizer2O5、K2O in mass ratio 1:(0.6-1.1):(2.5-3.0), topdress 1-2 time in tobacco seedlings 5-7 piece leaf period, make Different Nitrogen Concentration maintains 100mg/kg in larval rearing water;
(7) leaf-cutting is carried out when tobacco seedlings length is to away from growing point 3cm, the 1/3 of tobacco seedlings blade is deducted during leaf-cutting, pruned 3-5 time altogether;
(8) 7d-20d starts cut off the water supply, break fertilizer, hardening of divulging information round the clock before transplanting, and hardening degree does not occur permanent withered with tobacco seedlings For degree, transplanted after hardening.
4. method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that emerge from being seeded into, seedling temperature of shed is 25 DEG C -28 DEG C, To obtain maximum emergence rate, before the tobacco seedlings grand cross phase, seedling temperature of shed is less than 30 DEG C, and after the grand cross phase, seedling temperature of shed is low In 35 DEG C.
5. method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the matrix by weight percentage, including organic materials Component 70%~85% and natural minerals component 15%-30%, wherein, the organic materials component includes turf and plant of becoming thoroughly decomposed The ratio of thing stalk, turf and the straw that becomes thoroughly decomposed is 1:0.8-1.2;The natural minerals component includes perlite and vermiculite, The ratio of perlite and vermiculite is 1:0.5-1.0, the pH value of the matrix is 5.0-7.0;The matrix particle diameter is 1-5mm.
6. method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the total porosity of the matrix is 80-95%, unit weight scope For 0.1-0.35g/cm3, electrical conductivity is no more than 1000 μ S/cm.
CN201611262489.5A 2016-12-30 2016-12-30 Tobacco float breeding medium and method Pending CN106613853A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107155704A (en) * 2017-06-06 2017-09-15 界首市祥润家庭农场 A kind of autumn dried lactuca floating disc method for culturing seedlings
CN107853118A (en) * 2017-11-17 2018-03-30 安徽省农业科学院烟草研究所 A kind of cultivation method of flue-cured tobacco small strong seedlings
CN108668871A (en) * 2018-05-28 2018-10-19 惠州护地农科有限公司 A kind of cultural method of crops non-soil culture
CN109906910A (en) * 2019-03-26 2019-06-21 江苏兴农基质科技有限公司 A kind of tobacco functional biological seedling medium and preparation method thereof
CN110521453A (en) * 2019-09-05 2019-12-03 中国农业科学院烟草研究所 Tobacco seedling strong sprout method and its application based on conversion film and addition NaHS
CN111837861A (en) * 2020-07-09 2020-10-30 云南农业大学 Water-saving fertilizer-saving seedling raising method for conventional tobacco seedlings
CN111837862A (en) * 2020-07-09 2020-10-30 云南农业大学 Water-saving fertilizer-saving seedling raising method for undersea plantlet tobacco seedlings
CN114402951A (en) * 2022-02-17 2022-04-29 宜宾市农业科学院 Flue-cured tobacco wet seedling raising substrate and seedling raising method thereof
CN114793828A (en) * 2022-04-29 2022-07-29 湖北省烟草科学研究院 Tobacco seedling culture medium and preparation and use methods thereof

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CN101422123A (en) * 2008-11-28 2009-05-06 云南省烟草公司玉溪市公司 Cured tobacco seedling-raiding vermiculite matrix and seedling raising method using the same
CN101422122A (en) * 2008-11-28 2009-05-06 云南省烟草公司玉溪市公司 Cured tobacco seedling-raising sand body matrix, matrix preparation method and seedling raising method using the same
CN102726278A (en) * 2012-07-30 2012-10-17 河南农业大学 Tobacco floating seedling substrate and preparation method thereof
CN104945165A (en) * 2015-07-08 2015-09-30 齐鲁工业大学 Tobacco seedling cultivating base material and preparation method thereof

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CN101422123A (en) * 2008-11-28 2009-05-06 云南省烟草公司玉溪市公司 Cured tobacco seedling-raiding vermiculite matrix and seedling raising method using the same
CN101422122A (en) * 2008-11-28 2009-05-06 云南省烟草公司玉溪市公司 Cured tobacco seedling-raising sand body matrix, matrix preparation method and seedling raising method using the same
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CN104945165A (en) * 2015-07-08 2015-09-30 齐鲁工业大学 Tobacco seedling cultivating base material and preparation method thereof

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107155704A (en) * 2017-06-06 2017-09-15 界首市祥润家庭农场 A kind of autumn dried lactuca floating disc method for culturing seedlings
CN107853118A (en) * 2017-11-17 2018-03-30 安徽省农业科学院烟草研究所 A kind of cultivation method of flue-cured tobacco small strong seedlings
CN108668871A (en) * 2018-05-28 2018-10-19 惠州护地农科有限公司 A kind of cultural method of crops non-soil culture
CN109906910A (en) * 2019-03-26 2019-06-21 江苏兴农基质科技有限公司 A kind of tobacco functional biological seedling medium and preparation method thereof
CN110521453A (en) * 2019-09-05 2019-12-03 中国农业科学院烟草研究所 Tobacco seedling strong sprout method and its application based on conversion film and addition NaHS
CN111837861A (en) * 2020-07-09 2020-10-30 云南农业大学 Water-saving fertilizer-saving seedling raising method for conventional tobacco seedlings
CN111837862A (en) * 2020-07-09 2020-10-30 云南农业大学 Water-saving fertilizer-saving seedling raising method for undersea plantlet tobacco seedlings
CN114402951A (en) * 2022-02-17 2022-04-29 宜宾市农业科学院 Flue-cured tobacco wet seedling raising substrate and seedling raising method thereof
CN114793828A (en) * 2022-04-29 2022-07-29 湖北省烟草科学研究院 Tobacco seedling culture medium and preparation and use methods thereof

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