CN106613324A - Ganoderma undergrowth bionics wild cultivation method - Google Patents
Ganoderma undergrowth bionics wild cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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Abstract
The invention discloses a ganoderma undergrowth bionics wild cultivation method. The method comprises the steps of A, choosing a wild ganoderma variety in the South China area and separating a mother culture; B, choosing a cut-log; C, cutting the cut-log into wood sections with the length of 20-30 cm; D, putting the cut-log into fungus bags; E, putting the bagged fungus material into a sterilization room; F, putting strains on an inoculation shelf and conducting space sterilization; G, when inoculation is conducted, pinching the strains into small blocks of 2-4 cm<3> with hands; H, choosing a room with good thermal insulation performance as a cultivation room, wherein the room temperature is at 25-28 DEG C; I, choosing a Chinese fir forest, a weed tree forest or a bamboo forest with the canopy density of 0.6-0.8, good ventilation and drainage performance and loose and fertile soil texture as a ganoderma cultivation plot; J, choosing Spring Festival to the end of the second month in lunar calendar as cultivation time; K, removing the bags and burying fungus sticks, wherein the burying density is 1500-3000 sticks/mu (a Chinese area unit and is equal to 666.67 m<3>). The ganoderma undergrowth bionics wild cultivation method mainly aims at undergrowth planting of ganoderma fungus sticks in the South China area, according to the method, no facilities and manual watering are needed, continuous harvest for many years can be achieved, and the ganoderma is high in yield and good in quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fungus growing technique field, specifically a kind of glossy ganoderma sylvan life pseudo-wild cultivating method.
Background technology
Glossy ganoderma contains various active composition also known as polyporus lucidus, refreshing sesame, celestial grass in glossy ganoderma, have regulation immune, antitumor, anti-
Cancer, improve the effects such as blood circulation, nourishing, brain tonic, strong, anti-inflammatory, diuresis.Most of glossy ganoderma belongs to high temperature bacterium, south China ground
Area's hydrothermal condition is sufficient, is the main distribution ground of China's Wild ganoderma kind and yield, all accounts for more than 90%, thus China is wild
It is outer to plant most suitable region for South China.
At present ganoderma lucidum cultivation method is mainly sylvan life pseudo-wild cultivating and booth cultivation, and sylvan life pseudo-wild cultivating is planted with canopy room
The contrast of training：Canopy room cultivation of glossy ganoderma, Facilities Construction input is big, takes farmland, bacterium rod bury water after soil, divulge information, the management such as temperature adjustment
Labour's input is big, and during the broiling summer, temperature is higher in canopy, and temperature is difficult to adjust, and is unfavorable for that glossy ganoderma grows；Booth cultivation
Glossy ganoderma is absorbed less than natural ground vapour, fast growth, cycle is short, glossy ganoderma quality decline.In contrast to this, glossy ganoderma is using the imitative open country of sylvan life
During raw cultivation, sylvan life natural surroundings has the features such as air humidity is big, oxygen is sufficient, intensity of illumination is low, day and night temperature is little, can be
Glossy ganoderma provides better growing conditions, forest as a natural air conditioner, cover with mycelia Ganoderma Lucidum rod kind go up a hill after need not
Water, divulge information, the management such as temperature adjustment, enormously simplify cultivation of glossy ganoderma program, save manpower and production cost；Sylvan life pseudo-wild cultivating
Glossy ganoderma adopts a kind of three-dimensional plant pattern, both make use of sylvan life idle land, a large number of construction is eliminated again and sheltered from heat or light, be humidified, leading to
The expense of the facilities such as wind, while can solve the problems, such as that forest production short-term benefit is not enough；After continuously having gone out glossy ganoderma 5 years, stay
Waste mushroom stick contains the nutriment that a large amount of mycelia decomposite, and is good fertilizer, energy improved soil, culture fertility, promotes woods
Wood growth；A large amount of CO of glossy ganoderma release2Forest photosynthesis can be effectively facilitated, while the O that photosynthesis is released2Can promote again
Glossy ganoderma grows, and improves yield；Secondly more importantly sylvan life glossy ganoderma bionic cultivation can make glossy ganoderma absorb world air and nutrient etc.,
Improve effective component of glossy ganoderma content so as to be more nearly Wild ganoderma effect.
Sylvan life glossy ganoderma pseudo-wild cultivating can just harvest then 1-2 stubbles, harvest 1-2 stubbles every year afterwards, and segment wood cultivated energy is continuous
More than 4-5 is adopted, the glossy ganoderma price of harvesting in 2 years is 3-4 times of booth cultivation price before bionic cultivation, the glossy ganoderma harvested after 3 years
Price is canopy room 6-8 times of glossy ganoderma of plantation, with extraordinary economic and nutritive value.
Because cultivation of glossy ganoderma prime cost is in raw material and artificial, and remote mountain areas cultivation of glossy ganoderma wood raw material is sufficient, idle
Labour is more, the good glossy ganoderma quality of ecological environment is also high, and self-employed tree cultivator's cultivating ganoderma can both buy fresh goods, dry product, it is also possible to crush
The use such as ganoderma tea is done, the sales season can be elongated, price is not affected by transportation condition, is conducive to price steadiness, with very good
Economical, societal benefits, be one of important carrier of the accurate poverty alleviation in remote Poor Mountainous Area.
In those early years, as everybody growth in the living standard and canopy plant the reduction of glossy ganoderma price, using glossy ganoderma as daily health caring
People it is more and more, glossy ganoderma is crushed or section is made tea, adds Investigation of Lingzhi Tablets Baoshang, Lucid Ganoderma wine etc. into ordinary citizen family.It is near
Year, with everybody the further raising to life quality requirements, everybody it is also proposed to ganoderma lucidum product quality requirements further will
Ask, because canopy room glossy ganoderma growth cycle is short, do not absorb the defects such as natural ground vapour, everybody seeks to buy Wild ganoderma one after another,
But due to Wild ganoderma limited amount, thus sylvan life bionic cultivation glossy ganoderma is used and gives birth to, but due to current pseudo-wild cultivating glossy ganoderma
Technology it is not mature enough, cause to yield poorly, poor quality is ineffective.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to provide a kind of glossy ganoderma sylvan life pseudo-wild cultivating method, and the method is applied to
South China's Ganoderma Lucidum rod underwood planting, without the need for building any facility, without the need for manually watering and regulating and controlling temperature, can adopt for years
Receive, and glossy ganoderma yield height, quality better.
The present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem with following technical scheme：
Glossy ganoderma sylvan life pseudo-wild cultivating method of the present invention, including following operating procedure：
A, Fruit variety：The edible Wild ganoderma kind in South China is chosen, using traditional saprophytic edible mushroom parent species point
Parent species are isolated from method, and using its domestication culture as cultivation strain；
B, section wood are selected：Selection bark is thicker, forming layer is flourishing, is difficult and xylem is peeled off, and volume weight of wood is than larger, material
Matter is stronger, and sapwood is flourishing or does not show heartwood, and per cent of early wood is high, and wood radiaftive rays is flourishing or the wide wood radiaftive rays of tool, and conduit is abundant or for large-scale
The trees of conduit material are used as Duan Mu；
C, section wood processing：Collection section ebon is cut down in 1-2 month before pack sterilizing, allows its natural drying to fall part water
Point, there are micro-cracks to section wood section, Duan Mu is cut into moisture content the wood of length 20-30 centimetre before 35-50%, pack
Section；
D, the pack of bacterium material：The section for machining wood is fitted into bacterium bag, is tightened with rope, obtain packed bacterium material；
E, the sterilizing of bacterium material：Packed bacterium material is put into sterilizing chamber, sterilize 12-20 hours under the conditions of 100 DEG C -120 DEG C, sterilizing
After naturally cool to less than 60 DEG C and take out, be put into transfer room and cooled down；
Prepare before F, inoculation：Select that doors and windows sealing is good, the room of ground dry cleansing as transfer room, bacterial classification is placed
On inoculation frame, with aerosol disinfectant for edible fungus interior space sterilization is carried out；
G, inoculation：After transfer room is sterilized 2 hours, it is inoculated with, bacterial classification is crumbed into 2-4 cubic centimetres with hand during inoculation
Fritter, unties packed bacterium material jag, bacterial classification is put into bag and is tightened again, after the completion of bacterium bag is moved into culturing room；
H, cultural hypha：Between selecting the room of good heat insulating to cultivate, room temperature control at 25-28 DEG C, 60-70 days mycelia
Cover with, when minority bacterium rod section has the big former base of beans to occur, represent bacterium rod the sixth of the twelve Earthly Branches ripe；
I, forest land select：Canopy density are selected in 0.6-0.8, ventilating drainage performance is good, the soil is porous fertile lanceolata forest, miscellaneous
Wooden woods or bamboo grove etc. are used as cultivation of glossy ganoderma ground；
J, plantation time：Plantation Best Times are the annual Spring Festival to two months bottoms of the lunar calendar；
K：De- bag buries rod：Plantation of going up a hill is being carried out without the rainy day, forest land space and landform is being made full use of, is taking off empty in woodland after bag
The plantation of bacterium rod is buried at not busy place, has the section that glossy ganoderma former base occurs upwards, heeling-in density 1500-3000 rod/mu, upper lid 2-3 cm thicks
Fine earth；
L, go out sesame：Bacterium rod is buried sees first former base dew soil for 15-20 days after soil, and glossy ganoderma can after about 4 months after former base dew soil
It is ripe；
M：Harvesting：Or so annual July is same with mesophase when glossy ganoderma cap edge color, when having conidia powder to occur on cap i.e.
First batch, during first batch of harvesting can be harvested, is being cut off stem at earth's surface with secateurs, leave bacterium pin so as to then above
Second batch of glossy ganoderma is grown, second batch of glossy ganoderma is ripe in October, held with finger during harvesting and extract bacterium pin after stem rotation.
In the section wood of step B is selected, deciduous species, Fagaceae Species, Hamamelidaceae seeds or Elaeocarpaceae seeds are chosen
As section wood species.
Step C section wood processing in, be accelerate section wood centre heating-up time so as to shorten total sterilization time, it is right
In Duan Mu of the diameter at 12-20 centimetre, one 2-10 centimetre deep kerf need to be sawed in the middle of Duan Mu；For with diameter greater than 20 centimetres
Duan Muxu break into 20 centimetres inner segment wood, then according to aforesaid operations kerf in the middle of Duan Mu.
In the section wood processing of step C, increase the process operation for promoting to sprout：Duan Mu was sprayed by quality percentage before pack
The liquid manure liquid that 2% gypsum of number proportioning, 2% lime, 2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 94% water are constituted is to section wood surface, or is filling
During bag, by adding 45% weed tree sawdust of proportioning, 31% cotton seed hulls or corncob, 15% wheat by weight percent at section wood two ends
Bran, 4% corn flour, 1.5% gypsum, 1.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 2% pulverized limestone mixing after add water composition moisture content in 55-
65% compound, the thickness of compound is in 1-3cm；Or above two processing mode is used in combination.
In the bacterium material sterilizing of step E, such as adopting sterilising temp need to maintain 20 hours for 100 DEG C；Such as adopt sterilising temp
12 hours need to be maintained for 120 DEG C.
In the inoculation of step G, the inoculum concentration of bacterial classification is：For the Duan Mu for not using rush to sprout technology, inoculum concentration is each
Duan Mu connects 6-8 cubic centimetre bacterial classifications, for using the Duan Mu for promoting to sprout technology, each section of wood connects 4-6 cubic meter bacterial classifications.
Glossy ganoderma sylvan life pseudo-wild cultivating method of the present invention, should be noted prevention of damage by disease after plantation, when there is termite, adopt
In glossy ganoderma field all around trapping, i.e., dig pit every several meters, and hole is deep 0.8 meter, cheats wide 0.5 meter, and awns beanstalk, dry branches and fallen leaves are embedded in hole,
Additional termiticide medicinal powder, then covers again thin soil, and 5～15 days visible termites are poisoned to death after dispensing, and the method is employed many times, to incite somebody to action
Surrounding termite population is killed.
The inventive method is forbidden using chemical pesticide to spraying inside glossy ganoderma planting site.
The inventive method need not build any facility mainly for South China's Ganoderma Lucidum rod underwood planting, the method, without the need for
Manually water, can harvest for years, and glossy ganoderma yield height, quality better.
Specific embodiment
The inventive method is further described below
The inventive method mainly includes following operating procedure：
A, Fruit variety：The edible Wild ganoderma kind in South China, such as purple sesame, Hei Zhi and red sesame kind are chosen,
Parent species are isolated using traditional saprophytic edible mushroom parent species separation method, as cultivation strain.
B, section wood are selected：Most of deciduous species Duan Mu all suitable cultivation glossy ganodermas, it is generally every to be suitable to mushroom, agaric section
The seeds of wood cultivation, it can also be used to which glossy ganoderma is segment wood cultivated；Wherein, it is more satisfactory with Fagaceae Species, it is special be Cyclobalanopsis, Castanopsis and
Oak kind is optimal；Additionally, the seeds such as Hamamelidaceae, Elaeocarpaceae are well suited for cultivation of glossy ganoderma, particularly hamamelidaeeous maple
Particularly suitable purple sesame Ji of perfume tree sesame.In a word, the comparatively ideal seeds of cultivation effect, its wood science are selected to be characterized in that：Bark is thicker,
Forming layer is flourishing, is difficult to be peeled off with xylem；Volume weight of wood is than larger, and material is stronger；Sapwood it is flourishing or show heartwood, early wood
Rate is high；Wood radiaftive rays prosperity or the wide wood radiaftive rays of tool；Conduit is abundant or for large-scale conduit material.
C, section wood processing：Collection section ebon is cut down in 1-2 month before pack sterilizing, allows its natural drying to fall part moisture
There are micro-cracks to section wood section, Duan Mu is cut the juggle for doing harm into length 20-30 centimetre before 35-50%, pack for moisture content.For
Shorten the heating-up time in section wood centre, for diameter is in 12-20 centimetre of thick Duan Mu, a 2-10 need to be sawed in the middle of Duan Mu
Centimetre deep kerf.For the inner segment wood that the Duan Muxu with diameter greater than 20 centimetres breaks into 20 centimetres, then according to aforesaid operations
The kerf in the middle of Duan Mu.Sawed Duan Muxu carries out manual polishing, the wood thorn of section wood surface is removed, so as not to pierce through bacterium bag；
For some seeds outside maple, Qinggang oak, due to relative glossy ganoderma demand hypotrophy, bacterial classification is caused to be sprouted tired
Difficulty, infection rate increases, and Duan Mu can spray liquid manure liquid before pack, and (liquid manure liquid is mixed by the raw material of following mass percent proportioning
Conjunction is made：2% gypsum, 2% lime, 2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 94% water) to section wood surface.Can also pack when, by
The wooden two ends (inoculation position) of section are added by 45% weed tree sawdust of mass percent proportioning, 31% cotton seed hulls or corncob, 15% wheat
Bran, 4% corn flour, 1.5% gypsum, 1.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 2% pulverized limestone mixing after add water composition moisture content in 55-
65% compound, the thickness of compound be advisable in 1-3cm with the basic overlay segment wood two ends of energy.Both promote to sprout process skill
Art can promote to sprout the wooden kind sprouting of more difficult section and greatly reduce inoculum concentration, reduce infection rate.Two rush Germination Techniques
Can also use simultaneously.
D, the pack of bacterium material：The section for machining wood is fitted into bacterium bag, is tightened with rope, obtain packing bacterium material.
E, the sterilizing of bacterium material：Pack bacterium material is put into sterilizing chamber, sterilize 12-20 hours at 100 DEG C -120 DEG C, after sterilizing
Naturally cool to less than 60 DEG C to take the dish out of the pot, be put into transfer room and cooled down.
Prepare before F, inoculation：Select that doors and windows sealing is good, the room of ground dry cleansing as transfer room, bacterial classification is placed
On inoculation frame, with aerosol disinfectant for edible fungus interior space sterilization is carried out.
G, inoculation：After transfer room is sterilized 2 hours, it is inoculated with, bacterial classification in bag is crumbed into 2-4 cube li with hand during inoculation
The fritter of rice, unties bacterium material jag, bacterial classification is put into bag and is tightened again, best two inoculation, for not using rush sprouting
The Duan Mu for the treatment of technology, inoculum concentration connects 6-8 cubic centimetre size bacterial classifications for each section of wood, for using rush sprouting treatment technology
Inoculum concentration be 4-6 cubic meters, after the completion of bacterium bag is moved into culturing room.
H, cultural hypha：Between selecting the room of good heat insulating to cultivate, room temperature control at 25-28 DEG C, 60-70 days mycelia
Cover with, when minority bacterium rod section has the big former base of beans to occur, represent bacterium rod the sixth of the twelve Earthly Branches ripe.
I, forest land select：Canopy density are selected in 0.6-0.8, ventilating drainage performance is good, the soil is porous fertile lanceolata forest, miscellaneous
Wooden woods or bamboo grove etc. are used as cultivation of glossy ganoderma ground.
J, plantation time：Plantation Best Times are the annual Spring Festival to two months bottoms of the lunar calendar, and now termite is in the inactive phase, soil
Harmful microorganism quantity is also less in earth, when later stage termite and other miscellaneous bacterias enliven, the breakage when carrying is gone up a hill due to bacterium rod
Mycoderma grown again tight, define the mycoderma with nature defence capability, thus plant in woodlot without the need for any pest and disease damage
Prophylactico-therapeutic measures.Glossy ganoderma is such as planted after lunar calendar March, after 20-25kg quick limes are spread in every mu of forest land in the soil and tunnel routed up
Again glossy ganoderma is put into blinding, quick lime has sterilization and insect prevention to act on, food and edaphon are stung by termite so as to reduce Ganoderma Lucidum rod
Infectious bacteria rod.
K：De- bag buries rod：Plantation of going up a hill is being carried out without the rainy day, forest land space and landform is being made full use of, is taking off empty in woodland after bag
Plant at spare time, have the section that glossy ganoderma former base occurs upwards, heeling-in density 1500-3000 rod/mu, upper lid 2-3 cm thick fine earths.
L, go out sesame：Bacterium rod buries and former base dew soil just can be seen within 15-20 days after soil, and glossy ganoderma can be into after about 4 months after former base dew soil
It is ripe.
M：Harvesting：Or so annual July is same with mesophase when glossy ganoderma cap edge color, when having conidia powder to occur on cap i.e.
First batch, during first batch of harvesting can be harvested, is being cut off stem at earth's surface with secateurs, leave bacterium pin so as to then above
Second batch of glossy ganoderma is grown, second batch of glossy ganoderma is ripe in October, held with finger during harvesting and extract bacterium pin after stem rotation..
N：Prevention of damage by disease：Sylvan life glossy ganoderma plantation Major Diseases are termite, when there is termite, can be using trapping, i.e., in glossy ganoderma
Field all around, is digged pit every several meters, and hole is deep 0.8 meter, cheats wide 0.5 meter, awns beanstalk, dry branches and fallen leaves is embedded in hole, additional termiticide medicinal powder,
Then thin soil is covered again, 5～15 days visible termites are poisoned to death after dispensing, and the method is employed many times, so that termite population around is killed
Go out.Forbid using chemical pesticide to spraying inside glossy ganoderma planting site.
The following is carries out the application example of cultivation under woods glossy ganoderma using the inventive method
Embodiment 1：Different canopy density standing forest cultivation under woods glossy ganoderma Contrast on effect
Test method：In the case of same direction, by selecting or the measure such as intermediate cutting or training, select canopy density to be 0.4,
0.5th, the mixed forest plot of 0.6,0.7,0.8,0.9,1.0 7 gradients carries out cultivation of glossy ganoderma.Mixed forest chief species be erythrophloeum ferdii,
Pine tree and red cone etc..
The cultivation under woods time：On March 5th, 2014.
Cultural method：Will be terraced with above-mentioned seven different canopy density are embedded in after the de- bag of the bacterium rod that sweetgum is the good Black Ganodermas of Duan Muchang
Under degree standing forest, the cm thick fine earth of lid 2.Each rod of canopy density plantation bacterium rod 40.
Result of the test：
Different canopy density standing forest sylvan life cultivation of glossy ganoderma Contrast on effect tables
It can be seen from the results above that the standing forest that canopy density are 0.4 does not harvest glossy ganoderma, glossy ganoderma button grows to exposes ground
It is fierce just not in growth because of sun direct projection behind four or five centimetres of face；The standing forest of canopy density 0.5, glossy ganoderma stem is short, and cap is little
And it is thin, yield poorly；Canopy density are that glossy ganoderma growing way is better, and yield is higher, glossy ganoderma shape ratio in the standing forest between 0.6-0.8
It is more attractive in appearance；0.9 to 1.0 canopy density standing forest, glossy ganoderma stem is most long, and cap launches incomplete, and part cap has lid phenomenon again, glossy ganoderma
Profile is poor.
Embodiment 2：The bionical plantation of Different forest stands sylvan life glossy ganoderma
First, cultivate forest land to select
Select theropencedrymion, red cone pure forest, bamboo grove, Chinese fir plantations, eucalyptus pure forest, Chinese cassia tree pure forest and anistree 7 kinds of pure forest
Standing forest carries out sylvan life glossy ganoderma pseudo-wild cultivating., towards south, adjustment cultivation point Canopy densities are between 0.7～0.8 for each cultivation point.
Lucidum variety：Black Ganoderma
Section wood species：Chinese sweet gum
2nd, cultural method
October felling Chinese sweet gum is Duan Mu, after felling tree mobile jib and the limb with diameter greater than 2cm is taken back and is put in outdoor,
To November, section wood processing, pack are carried out when trunk port has tiny crackle, normal-pressure sterilization 20h is inoculated with after cooling, protects
Temperature culture.2 months cultivation of glossy ganoderma ground clearance weeds, site preparation, bury rod, and 30 bacterium rods are buried under each standing forest；Harvest after glossy ganoderma maturation,
Harvesting 5 years.The glossy ganoderma adopted back is put in be dried in 58 DEG C of constant temperature oven and weighs after 20h.
3rd, result of the test
Glossy ganoderma yield see the table below in each standing forest 5 years.
Different forest stands sylvan life pseudo-wild cultivating glossy ganoderma rate schedule unit：g
Can be seen that from cultivation result：In the case of suitable canopy density, each standing forest sylvan life can carry out glossy ganoderma bionic cultivation,
Sylvan life bionic cultivation Wild ganoderma can harvest 4-6, the 4th year, and most bacterium rods can also grow glossy ganoderma, the 5th year, most of bacterium
Rod is rotten complete, is stepped on pin one and is immediately sunken, small part bacterium rod can also fruiting, be not the bacterium with the case of very big strength
Rod can also be held round.Due to the felling of the 3rd year eucalyptus under Eucalyptus Stand, the glossy ganoderma button for growing for the 4th year is inadequate due to canopy density,
Just stop growing after long 4-5cm, due to miscellaneous filling closing, have part glossy ganoderma to grow again within the 5th year, but the glossy ganoderma cap for growing is thin,
Stem is short.
4th, performance analysis
Sylvan life glossy ganoderma bionic cultivation small investment, instant effect, high efficiency.Planting density according to the gradient and canopy density in forest land and
Fixed, per mu general of hills forest land can plant 1500～3000 rods, and project goods and materials cost is calculated by per mu of 2000 bacterium rods of plant,
Per 16 yuan of rod cost (containing purchase and processing section wood, sterilizing, bacterial classification, transport, plantation and harvesting etc.), rod × 16 of cost per mu 2000
=3.2 ten thousand yuan, other costs are 0.5 ten thousand yuan per mu, about 3.7 ten thousand yuan altogether of average cost per mu.Annual harvesting 1-2 stubbles, positive reason
4-5 can be adopted under condition, is calculated within 4 years by harvesting, first 2 years annual can averagely to produce 0.10 jin of dry glossy ganoderma per rod, price 80-120 units/
Jin, is calculated by yuan/jin of lowest price 80；Afterwards 2 years annual every rods can averagely produce 0.06 jin of dry glossy ganoderma, all approximate wild spirit of indices
Sesame, price is calculated in 150-260 units/jin by yuan/jin of lowest price 150.It is per the annual value of production of rod 4 then：0.10×2×80+0.06×
2 × 150 yuan=34 yuan, it is per per mu yield value:Ten thousand yuan of 2000 rods × 34=6.8,4 years totally 3.1 ten thousand yuan of per mu yield profits.
Embodiment 3：Difference buries the rod time to the impact of sylvan life glossy ganoderma imitating wild planting
First, varieties of plant and forest land
It is the more fertile theropencedrymion ground of soil to plant woodlot, and forest land Chao Nan, the gradient is about 18 degree, forest land canopy density
0.8 or so.Lucidum variety is Ganoderma Sinense, and section wood species are Chinese sweet gum.
2nd, cultural method
By cultured Ganoderma Sinense Duan Mu respectively at lunar calendar January the ninth day of lunar month, February the ninth day of lunar month, March the ninth day of lunar month, the beginning of April
9th, May the ninth day of lunar month, 6 time points of June the ninth day of lunar month are planted on a piece of forest land, and each time point buries 30 bacterium rods；Glossy ganoderma is ripe
After harvest, harvest 5 years.The glossy ganoderma adopted back is put in be dried in 58 DEG C of constant temperature oven and weighs after 20h.
3rd, result and analysis
Glossy ganoderma yield see the table below in each standing forest 5 years.
Sylvan life difference buries rod time glossy ganoderma rate schedule unit：g
Can be seen that from above-mentioned rate schedule and test presentation：
1st annual production.The glossy ganoderma Yield compari@that the lunar calendar buries from January to March rod is high；Rod is buried from April start glossy ganoderma first year yield
Begin with and be decreased obviously, bury after rod to June, first year glossy ganoderma does not have substantially, glossy ganoderma field termite is more, moth erosion bacterium rod.From January to March
Than relatively low, termite quantity and activity are conducive to the mycoderm length reality of bacterium rod to temperature all also in relatively low, strengthen its pest resistance；
The bacterium rod buried after April causes it to develop completely due to weather discomfort reason, and the more bacterium rod that partly shelters from heat or light grows 3-10cm length
Stem after stop development, and the termite of rod buried after April relatively enliven, the mycoderma that epidermis is knocked against hard also do not have enough time to repair it is long it is real just
Lost by termite moth.
2nd annual production.The annual production of glossy ganoderma second that rod is buried after April compares that Second Year from January to March is high, and reason is April
Not going out because climate reasons cause head to criticize glossy ganoderma for rod is buried afterwards, and bacterium rod has put aside nutriment, thus the second annual production is than one to three
Moon plantation is all high.
3-5 annual productions.The glossy ganoderma Yield compari@that the lunar calendar buries from January to March rod is high；Under starting glossy ganoderma yield from April
Drop.The part nutrition because of damage losses such as first year termites, thus have certain impact on later stage yield.
1-5 gross annual output amounts.The glossy ganoderma Yield compari@that the lunar calendar buries from January to March rod is high；Bury from after April under rod yield has substantially
Drop.
4th, conclusion
Glossy ganoderma sylvan life imitating wild is implanted in the lunar calendar, and to bury rod during bottom from January to February appropriate, bacterium rod in transportation as far as possible
Reduce mycoderma damaged.
Claims (6)
1. glossy ganoderma sylvan life pseudo-wild cultivating method, it is characterised in that it includes following operating procedure：
A, Fruit variety：The edible Wild ganoderma kind in South China is chosen, using traditional saprophytic edible mushroom parent species separation side
Method isolates parent species, and using its domestication culture as cultivation strain；
B, section wood are selected：Choose bark it is thicker, forming layer is flourishing, be difficult with xylem peel off, volume weight of wood than larger, material compared with
Strong, sapwood is flourishing or does not show that heartwood, per cent of early wood be high, wood radiaftive rays is flourishing or the wide wood radiaftive rays of tool, conduit are abundant or for large-scale conduit
The trees of material are used as Duan Mu；
C, section wood processing：Collection section ebon is cut down in 1-2 month before pack sterilizing, allows its natural drying to fall part moisture, extremely
There are micro-cracks in the wooden section of section, and Duan Mu is cut into moisture content the juggle of length 20-30 centimetre before 35-50%, pack；
D, the pack of bacterium material：The section for machining wood is fitted into bacterium bag, is tightened with rope, obtain packed bacterium material；
E, the sterilizing of bacterium material：Packed bacterium material is put into sterilizing chamber, sterilize 12-20 hours under the conditions of 100 DEG C -120 DEG C, after sterilizing certainly
So it is cooled to less than 60 DEG C to take out, is put into transfer room and is cooled down；
Prepare before F, inoculation：Select that doors and windows sealing is good, the room of ground dry cleansing as transfer room, bacterial classification is positioned over and is connect
Plant on frame, with aerosol disinfectant for edible fungus interior space sterilization is carried out；
G, inoculation：After transfer room is sterilized 2 hours, it is inoculated with, bacterial classification is crumbed into the little of 2-4 cubic centimetres with hand during inoculation
Block, unties packed bacterium material jag, bacterial classification is put into bag and is tightened again, after the completion of bacterium bag is moved into culturing room；
H, cultural hypha：Between selecting the room of good heat insulating to cultivate, room temperature control at 25-28 DEG C, 60-70 days mycelia length
It is full, when minority bacterium rod section has the big former base of beans to occur, represent bacterium rod the sixth of the twelve Earthly Branches ripe；
I, forest land select：Canopy density are selected in 0.6-0.8, ventilating drainage performance is good, the soil is porous fertile lanceolata forest, shaw
Or bamboo grove is used as cultivation of glossy ganoderma ground；
J, plantation time：Plantation Best Times are the annual Spring Festival to two months bottoms of the lunar calendar；
K, de- bag bury rod：Plantation of going up a hill is being carried out without the rainy day, forest land space and landform is being made full use of, after de- bag at the woodland free time
The plantation of bacterium rod is buried, has the section that glossy ganoderma former base occurs upwards, heeling-in density 1500-3000 rod/mu, upper lid 2-3 cm thick fine earths；
L, go out sesame：Bacterium rod is buried sees first former base dew soil for 15-20 days after soil, and glossy ganoderma can be ripe after about 4 months after former base dew soil；
M, harvesting：Or so annual July is same with mesophase when glossy ganoderma cap edge color, when having conidia powder to occur on cap by adopt
First batch, during first batch of harvesting is received, with secateurs cutting off stem at the earth's surface, bacterium pin is left to grow above then
Second batch of glossy ganoderma, second batch of glossy ganoderma is ripe in October, is held with finger during harvesting and extract bacterium pin after stem rotation..
2. glossy ganoderma sylvan life pseudo-wild cultivating method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
In the section wood of step B is selected, deciduous species, Fagaceae Species, Hamamelidaceae seeds or Elaeocarpaceae seeds conduct are chosen
Section wood species.
3. glossy ganoderma sylvan life pseudo-wild cultivating method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Step C section wood processing in, be accelerate section wood centre heating-up time so as to shorten total sterilization time, for straight
Duan Mu of the footpath at 12-20 centimetre, need to saw one 2-10 centimetre deep kerf in the middle of Duan Mu；For the section with diameter greater than 20 centimetres
Wood need to break into 20 centimetres of inner segment wood, then according to aforesaid operations kerf in the middle of Duan Mu.
4. glossy ganoderma sylvan life pseudo-wild cultivating method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
In the section wood processing of step C, increase the process operation for promoting to sprout：Duan Mu was sprayed before pack and is matched somebody with somebody by weight percent
The liquid manure liquid of 2% gypsum of ratio, 2% lime, 2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 94% water composition to section wood surface, or in pack,
By section wood two ends addition by weight percent 45% weed tree sawdust of proportioning, 31% cotton seed hulls or corncob, 15% wheat bran,
4% corn flour, 1.5% gypsum, 1.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 2% pulverized limestone mixing after add water composition moisture content in 55-65%
Compound, the thickness of compound is in 1-3cm；Or above two processing mode is used in combination.
5. glossy ganoderma sylvan life pseudo-wild cultivating method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
In the bacterium material sterilizing of step E, such as adopting sterilising temp need to maintain 20 hours for 100 DEG C；Sterilising temp is such as adopted for 120
DEG C need to maintain 12 hours.
6. glossy ganoderma sylvan life pseudo-wild cultivating method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
In the inoculation of step G, the inoculum concentration of bacterial classification is：For the Duan Mu for not using rush to sprout technology, inoculum concentration is each section of wood
6-8 cubic centimetre bacterial classifications are connect, for using the Duan Mu for promoting to sprout technology, each section of wood connects 4-6 cubic meter bacterial classifications.
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