CN106612852A - Corn soil measuring formula fertilizing method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a corn soil measuring formula fertilizing method, and relates to the technical field of crop planting. The method comprises the following steps of A, soil nutrient detection: taking a soil sample to detect contained nutrients; B, fertilizer formula making: combining the corn field fertilizer effect experiment to determine the target yield to be 400kg/mu; performing calculation to determine a fertilizer formula; completely and totally applying 24.8kg of pure quantity of the nitrogen phosphorus and potassium fertilizers per mu; performing matched application on the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium according to the pure quantity of 12.8:6:6; C, fertilizing method: applying base fertilizers according to 5.1kg of pure nitrogen, 6kg of pure phosphorus and 3kg of pure potassium per mu; applying hole applied fertilizers according to 3.8kg of pure nitrogen and 1.5kg of pure potassium per mu; applying strengthening fertilizers according to 3.9kg of pure nitrogen and 1.5kg of pure potassium per mu. Compared with the prior art, the method provided by the invention has the advantages that through the balanced fertilizing, the consumption of chemical fertilizers is reduced; the fertilizer utilization rate is improved; the corn single yield is improved; the yield of the planted corn reaches 418.2kg per mu; the economic benefits are greatly improved.

Description

Corn soil testing and formulated fertilization method

Technical field

The present invention relates to proportion of crop planting technical field, especially a kind of corn soil testing and formulated fertilization method.

Background technology

Nandan County is located at the northwestward of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, is the transition region of mountain and hill and the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, height above sea level Highly 500～900 meters, belong to typical mountain climate, there is the tradition of maize planting.During corn planting, due to fertilising not Science, fertilizing nutrient are uneven, cause the output benefit of fertilizers input poor, corn yield is not obtained effectively Improve, due to excessive administration chemical fertilizer so that local soil is seriously hardened, and environmental pollution, utilization rate of fertilizer is low, corn planting Jing Ji benefit is relatively low, and maize planting average annual output is 320kg or so/mu.

The content of the invention

Problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of corn soil testing and formulated fertilization method, can improve corn per unit area yield, Fertilizer application amount is reduced, fertilising imbalance and the low problem of utilization rate of fertilizer is solved.

In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution used in the present invention is：This corn soil testing and formulated fertilization method, including Following steps：

A, soil nutrient detection：Nutrient of the earth sample detection that fetches earth contained by it be：Organic matter 15.609g/kg, pH value 4.8, entirely Nitrogen 0.958g/kg, available phosphorus 37.2mg/kg, available potassium 24mg/kg；

B, fertilizer formula are formulated：According to pedotheque nutrient testing result, with reference to corn field fertilizer efficiency, target output is determined For 400kg/ mus, with reference to the nutrient that corn growth needs, calculate and determine fertilizer formula, nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer scale are applied completely for per mu and be total to 24.8kg, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium press scale 12.8:6:6 are carried out with applying；

C, planting density and fertilizing method：Corn planting density is 3700～3800 caves/mu；Per mu of base manure presses purity nitrogen 5.1kg, pure Phosphorus 6kg, pure potassium 3kg is applied；Per mu of seed manure is carried by purity nitrogen 3.8kg, pure potassium 1.5kg is applied；Per mu of bag fertilizer is attacked by purity nitrogen 3.9kg, Pure potassium 1.5kg is applied.

As a result of above-mentioned technical proposal, the present invention has the effect that compared with prior art：

The present invention adopts Formula fertilization by soil testing maize planting, by balance fertilizing, reduces applying quantity of chemical fertilizer, improves fertilizer Material utilization rate, and by the growth phase rational application of fertilizer of corn, maize planting yield reaches 418.2kg/ mus, and economic benefit is obtained Increase substantially.

Specific embodiment

With reference to specific embodiment, the invention will be further described：

A kind of corn soil testing and formulated fertilization method, comprises the following steps that：

A, soil nutrient detection：It is chad soil for trying plot soil property, topsoil thickness 20cm, the earth sample detection that fetches earth is contained by it Nutrient is：Organic matter 15.609g/kg, pH value 4.8, full nitrogen 0.958g/kg, available phosphorus 37.2mg/kg, available potassium 24mg/kg；

B, fertilizer formula are formulated：According to pedotheque nutrient testing result and the related soil criteria for classifying, the plot soil is determined Fertility, with reference to corn field fertilizer efficiency, determines target output for 400kg/ mus, with reference to the nutrient that corn growth needs, then Calculate and determine fertilizer formula, per mu is applied completely nitrogen, phosphorus, the common 24.8kg of potash fertilizer scale, and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium press scale 12.8:6:6 are carried out With applying；

Corn field fertilizer efficiency is as follows：

1st, corn " 3414 " fertilizer efficiency plot experiment, tests kind：Corn honest 619, average annual output：320kg or so/mu.It is used Fertilizer：Nitrogenous fertilizer is the urea of rivers and ponds nitrogen fertilizer plant production, containing purity nitrogen（N）46%；Phosphate fertilizer is the calcium and magnesium phosphorus of Fuquan, Guizhou phosphate fertilizer plant production Fertilizer, it is phosphorous（P₂O₅）12%；Potash fertilizer is Canadian potassium chloride, containing potassium（K₂O）60%.

2nd, test method

Using " 3414 " optimized regression design scheme, that is, refer to nitrogen, phosphorus, 3 factors of potassium, 4 levels, 14 process, it is specific as follows Table 1, table 2：0 level refers to and do not apply fertilizer；2 levels refer to the approximation of local optimum fertilizing amount；1 level=2 level × 0.5；3 level=2 Level × 1.5（For excessive fertilization level）.Experimental plot area 36m² （12m×3m）, 14 process, 3 repetitions, using random Arrangement.

3708～3800 caves of corn planting density/mu（Line-spacing 60cm, spacing in the rows 30cm）.Term Fertilization：According to weather reality Situation, the 100% of phosphate fertilizer and 40% deep placement of the 50% of potash fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer make base manure, 60% nitrogenous fertilizer, 50% potash fertilizer carry seedling and attack luxuriant fertilizer.

3rd, test result analysis

Can be seen that from yield sequencing table 3, this test process 6（N₂P₂K₂）Yield be per mu yield 418.2kg, space management（N₀P₀K₀）Produce Amount is minimum, and per mu yield is 182.3kg, and its yield is processed for 6（N₂P₂K₂）The 43.59% of yield.Illustrate sheet experimental field in soil fertility level Etc. low.

From fertilizer effect table 4 as can be seen that nitrogen stress area yield accounts for process 6（N₂P₂K₂）Produce in 52.68%, the Que Lin areas of yield Amount accounts for the 57.03% of optimal fertilization area yield, and potassium deficiency area yield accounts for the 60.02% of optimal fertilization area yield, illustrates this experimental field Nitrogen is the Main Factors limited output, next to that phosphorus, is finally only potassium.

4th, the determination of optimum fertilizing amount

4.1 nitrogen effect models

In the case where phosphorus potassium amount of application is fixed, regression analysis is carried out to different Nitrogen applications, the One- place 2-th Order for drawing nitrogen is returned Model：Y=-0.8264 X²+ 13.96X+435.4（Wherein Y：Yield, X：Amount of nitrogen）

Show that the optimum fertilizing amount of nitrogen, optimum fertilizing amount obtain yield and be using the One- place 2-th Order regression equation calculation of nitrogen：

N_{Most preferably}=12.8kg/ mus, Y_{Most preferably}=418.2kg.

4.2 phosphorus effect models

In the case where nitrogen potassium amount of application is fixed, phosphorus process is applied to difference carries out regression analysis, and the One- place 2-th Order for drawing phosphorus is returned Model：Y=-4.88 X²+ 23.84 X+488.76（Wherein Y：Yield, X：Phosphorus application amount）

Show that the optimum fertilizing amount of phosphorus, optimum fertilizing amount obtain yield and be using the One- place 2-th Order regression equation calculation of phosphorus：

P₂O_{5 is optimal}=6 pounds/acre, Y_{Most preferably}=418.2kg.

4.3 potassium effect models

In the case where nitrogen phosphorus amount of application is fixed, potassium process is applied to difference carries out regression analysis, and the One- place 2-th Order for drawing potassium is returned Model：Y=-1.245 X²+ 21.581 X+431.275 (R²=0.9989)（Wherein Y：Yield, X：Amount of potassium applied）

Show that the optimum fertilizing amount of potassium, optimum fertilizing amount obtain yield and be using the One- place 2-th Order regression equation calculation of potassium：

K₂O_{Most preferably}=6kg/ mus, Y_{Most preferably}=418.2kg.

The optimum fertilizing amount drawn using the One- place 2-th Order model of each nutrient of N P and K is used as the optimal of such plot corn Dose.

C, planting density and fertilizing method：Corn planting density is 3700～3800 caves/mu；Per mu of base manure presses purity nitrogen 5.1kg, pure phosphorus 6kg, pure potassium 3kg is applied, that is, the urea 11kg that leaded wastewater is 46% is applied, containing P₂O₅Measure the calcium magnesium phosphate for 12% 50kg, containing K₂O amounts are 60% potassium chloride 5kg；Per mu of seed manure is carried by purity nitrogen 3.8kg, pure potassium 1.5kg is applied, that is, applying leaded wastewater is 46% urea 8.3kg, containing K₂O amounts are 60% potassium chloride 2.5kg；Per mu of bag fertilizer is attacked by purity nitrogen 3.9kg, pure potassium 1.5kg is applied, The urea 8.5kg that leaded wastewater is 46% is applied, containing K₂O amounts are 60% potassium chloride 2.5kg.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of corn soil testing and formulated fertilization method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：

A, soil nutrient detection：Nutrient of the earth sample detection that fetches earth contained by it be：Organic matter 15.609g/kg, pH value 4.8, entirely Nitrogen 0.958g/kg, available phosphorus 37.2mg/kg, available potassium 24mg/kg；

B, fertilizer formula are formulated：According to pedotheque nutrient testing result, with reference to corn field fertilizer efficiency, target output is determined For 400kg/ mus, with reference to the nutrient that corn growth needs, calculate and determine fertilizer formula, nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer scale are applied completely for per mu and be total to 24.8kg, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium press scale 12.8:6:6 are carried out with applying；

C, planting density and fertilizing method：Corn planting density is 3700～3800 caves/mu；Per mu of base manure presses purity nitrogen 5.1kg, pure Phosphorus 6kg, pure potassium 3kg is applied；Per mu of seed manure is carried by purity nitrogen 3.8kg, pure potassium 1.5kg is applied；Per mu of bag fertilizer is attacked by purity nitrogen 3.9kg, Pure potassium 1.5kg is applied.