CN106587451B - Deionization integrated treatment method and device for micro-polluted water source water treatment - Google Patents
Deionization integrated treatment method and device for micro-polluted water source water treatment Download PDFInfo
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- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/445—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by forward osmosis
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/469—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
- C02F1/4691—Capacitive deionisation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a deionization integrated treatment method and a deionization integrated treatment device for water treatment of a micro-polluted water source. Wherein the forward osmosis technology can effectively remove micro-pollutants in water, and the membrane capacitance deionization device can concentrate and recover the extraction liquid, thereby not only realizing the removal of pollutants in water, but also recycling the extraction liquid. Meanwhile, the problems of high membrane pollution rate, high energy consumption and the like in the traditional membrane separation technology are solved; the treatment device is correspondingly and simultaneously provided with the forward osmosis unit and the multistage membrane capacitance deionization unit, is convenient to install and simple to operate, realizes effective removal of pollutants in water, and has the advantages of low energy consumption, low membrane pollution rate, simplicity in operation and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of water treatment of micro-polluted water sources, and particularly relates to a deionization integrated treatment method and a deionization integrated treatment device for water treatment of a micro-polluted water source.
Background
With the continuous development and improvement of membrane science, the technology combining membrane separation technology with other water treatment technology is receiving more and more attention from researchers. Some existing membrane separation technologies, such as ultrafiltration membranes, nanofiltration membranes and reverse osmosis membranes, mainly use the hydraulic pressure difference between two sides of the membrane to separate and remove pollutants. These techniques have the disadvantage of high energy consumption and of the membranes being liable to contamination. As the separation radius decreases, the filtration resistance of the membrane becomes increasingly large, and the energy consumption required for separation of contaminants further increases.
The invention relates to forward osmosis and membrane capacitive deionization technology, wherein forward osmosis refers to a process of water spontaneously transferring from a low osmotic pressure side to a high osmotic pressure side through a semipermeable membrane. Forward osmosis techniques have many advantages, such as: low energy consumption, high performance, slow pollution and the like, and is widely applied to seawater desalination and wastewater treatment processes. However, there are many factors that affect forward osmosis applications, such as concentration polarization, membrane module fouling, and draw solution recycling. Regarding the recycling of draw solution, the traditional method adopts a reverse osmosis membrane for regeneration, and the high energy consumption problem in the operation process of the reverse osmosis membrane greatly hinders the popularization of the technology.
Therefore, a new technical solution is needed to solve the above technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a deionization integrated treatment method and a deionization integrated treatment device for treating micro-polluted source water, which can effectively treat micro-polluted raw water and can also recycle an absorption liquid; has the advantages of low energy consumption, low membrane pollution rate, simple operation and the like.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a deionization integrated treatment method for micro-polluted water source water treatment is provided with a forward osmosis unit, a raw water tank (1) is arranged on one side of the forward osmosis unit with low osmotic pressure, a liquid drawing tank (3) is arranged on one side of the forward osmosis unit with high osmotic pressure, the liquid drawing tank (3) is connected with a concentrated liquid tank (9), and a first-stage capacitive deionization module (4), a first-stage water tank (5), a second-stage capacitive deionization module (6), a second-stage water tank (7) and a water outlet tank (8) are sequentially arranged on one side of the liquid drawing tank (3) away from the forward osmosis unit; the method comprises the following steps that a first conductivity meter (101) is arranged in a drawing liquid tank (3), and a second conductivity meter (102) is arranged in a primary water tank (5):
step one, introducing raw water into one side with low osmotic pressure of a forward osmosis unit (2), introducing an extraction liquid into one side with high osmotic pressure of the forward osmosis unit, and enabling the raw water and the extraction liquid to form cross flow on two sides of a forward osmosis membrane;
step two, the effluent of the forward osmosis membrane enters a first-stage capacitive deionization module (4) to complete the desalination of more than about 75 percent to obtain preliminarily desalted dehydrated salt, and then enters a second-stage capacitive deionization module (6) to ensure that the effluent is lower than the total dissolved solid content specified by the national sanitary standard for domestic drinking water;
step three, when the numerical value of the conductivity meter (102) is 80% -85% of the numerical value of the conductivity meter (101), namely the first-stage capacitive deionization module (4) is close to adsorption saturation, introducing a small part of effluent in the effluent tank (8) in the step two into the first-stage capacitive deionization module (4); or when the value of the conductivity meter (103) is more than 800 mu S/cm, introducing a small part of effluent in the effluent tank (8) in the step two into the second-stage capacitive deionization module (6). The electrode regeneration is carried out by utilizing a reverse power supply method, in the regeneration process of the electrode, the anions and the cations adsorbed on the electrode are desorbed from the electrode and enter the solution, and are re-enriched in water to form concentrated salt solution, and the salt solution can be circulated to a concentration tank (9) to be used as a drawing solution. When the conductivity meter (101) is lower than a set value, the water pump (204) is started to guide the concentrated solution in the concentrated solution tank (9) into the drawing solution tank (3) in time.
Preferably, the raw water is micro-polluted source water.
Preferably, the positive permeable membrane unit (2) comprises a positive permeable membrane, and the positive permeable membrane is a dense hydrophilic membrane made of cellulose acetate or polyamide.
Preferably, the drawing liquid is one or more of magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, sodium chloride and potassium chloride.
Preferably, in the third step, when the control system detects that the value of the conductivity meter (102) is 80% -85% of the value of the conductivity meter (101), the water pump (201) is turned off, and the water pump (202) is turned on; or when the value of the conductivity meter (103) is detected to be more than 800 mu S/cm, the water pump (201) is closed, and the water pump (203) is opened. The backwash of the first stage capacitive deionization module (or the second stage capacitive deionization module) is started. After the backwashing, the water pump (202) is turned off (the water pump (203)) and the water pump (201) is turned on. When the control system detects that the conductivity meter (101) is lower than a set value, the water pump (204) is started, and the concentrated liquid in the concentrated liquid tank (9) is timely guided into the drawing liquid tank (3).
Preferably, in the first step, the relative cross flow rate is 0.5-3 cm/s.
Preferably, in the first step, the forward osmosis water production flux is 3-10 LMH.
Preferably, the deionization module of the first-stage capacitor (4) of the membrane capacitor unit in the second step adopts constant voltage and low voltageAt 1.2V, constant current is adopted in the second-stage capacitive deionization module (6), and the current density is 1-3.5mA/cm2While monitoring its voltage variation and ensuring that the voltage value is below 1.2V.
The invention also provides a treatment device of the integrated treatment method for the water treatment of the micro-polluted water source, which comprises the following steps: just permeate unit (2), just permeate unit's both sides osmotic pressure is different, and just permeate unit low osmotic pressure one side is equipped with former basin (1), and just permeate unit high osmotic pressure one side is equipped with draws cistern (3), draw cistern (3) and concentrate cistern (9) and link to each other, one side that draws cistern (3) and keep away from just permeate unit is equipped with first order electric capacity deionization module (4), one-level basin (5), second level electric capacity deionization module (6), second grade basin (7) and play basin (8) in proper order. The concentrated liquid tank (9) is respectively connected with the first-stage capacitive deionization module (4) and the second-stage capacitive deionization module (6), and the first-stage water tank (5) and the second-stage water tank (7) are respectively connected with the water outlet tank (8). The drawing liquid tank (3), the primary water tank (5) and the secondary water tank (7) are respectively provided with a conductivity meter (101), a conductivity meter (102) and a conductivity meter (103).
Preferably, the raw water tank (1), the drawing liquid tank (3), the concentration liquid tank (9) and the water outlet tank (8) are respectively connected with a water pump to facilitate the introduction and discharge of water. The method comprises the following steps:
the first water pump (201) is connected between the secondary water tank (7) and the water outlet tank (8);
the second water pump (202) is connected between the first-stage capacitive deionization module (4) and the concentrated liquid tank (9);
the third water pump (203) is connected between the second-stage capacitance deionization module (6) and the concentrated liquid tank (9);
and the fourth water pump (204) is connected between the concentrated liquid tank (9) and the drawing liquid tank (3). The remaining water pumps are not named.
Preferably, the control system (10) controls the first water pump (201), the second water pump (202), the third water pump (203) and the fourth water pump (204) to be opened and closed according to the values of the first conductivity meter (101), the second conductivity meter (102) and the third conductivity meter (103).
The deionization integrated treatment method and the treatment device for the water treatment of the micro-polluted water source have the advantages that:
1. the invention complements the advantages of the osmotic pressure driving process of forward osmosis and the membrane capacitance deionization process to treat sewage, thus not only effectively treating micro-polluted water, but also relieving the problems of high membrane pollution rate, high membrane separation energy consumption, difficult absorption liquid recovery and the like of the traditional membrane separation technology; the integrated water treatment technology combining forward osmosis and membrane capacitance deionization technology has the advantages of low energy consumption, low membrane pollution rate, simple operation and the like.
2. The membrane capacitance deionization technology can efficiently recover the forward osmosis absorption liquid, realizes the recycling of the forward osmosis absorption liquid through the membrane capacitance deionization technology, optimizes the forward osmosis technology, and is more beneficial to the popularization and application of the forward osmosis technology.
3. The first stage of the membrane capacitance module adopts constant voltage (1.0-1.2V) to realize the rapid desalination of effluent of the forward osmosis membrane; in the second stage, a constant current mode is adopted (the current density is controlled to be 1.0-3.5 mA/cm)2And meanwhile, the voltage is not more than 1.2V), and the stability of the discharged water is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the integrated deionization treatment method for the treatment of water from a micro-polluted water source in the present invention.
Wherein, the device comprises a raw water tank 1, a forward osmosis unit 2, a liquid drawing tank 3, a first-stage capacitive deionization module 4, a first-stage water tank 5, a second-stage capacitive deionization module 6, a second-stage water tank 7, an effluent tank 8, a concentrated liquid tank 9 and a control system 10. 101. 102, 103-conductivity meter, 201, 202, 203, 204-water pump.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and the embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, a treatment apparatus for a deionization integrated treatment method for water treatment of a micro-polluted water source, the apparatus comprising: just permeate unit 2, just permeate unit 2's both sides osmotic pressure is different, and just permeate unit low osmotic pressure one side is equipped with former basin 1, and just permeate unit 2 high osmotic pressure one side is equipped with draws cistern 3, draws cistern 3 and links to each other with concentrated cistern 9, draws cistern 3 and keeps away from one side of just permeating unit and is equipped with first order electric capacity deionization module 4, one-level basin 5, second level electric capacity deionization module 6, second grade basin 7 and play basin 8 in proper order. The concentrated liquid tank 9 is respectively connected with the first-stage capacitive deionization module 4 and the second-stage capacitive deionization module 6, and the first-stage water tank 5 and the second-stage water tank 7 are respectively connected with the water outlet tank 8. The drawing liquid tank 3 is provided with a first conductivity meter 101, the primary water tank 5 is provided with a second conductivity meter 102, and the secondary water tank 7 is provided with a third conductivity meter 103. The raw water tank 1, the drawing liquid tank 3, the concentration liquid tank 9 and the water outlet tank 8 are respectively connected with a water pump, so that water can be conveniently introduced and discharged. Wherein, the water pump connected between the secondary water tank 7 and the water outlet tank 8 is a first water pump 201, and a second water pump 202 is connected between the first-stage capacitive deionization module 4 and the concentrated liquid tank 9; the third water pump 203 is connected between the second-stage capacitive deionization module 6 and the concentrated liquid tank 9; the third water pump 203 is connected between the concentrate tank 9 and the drawing liquid tank 3. The control system 10 controls the first water pump 201, the second water pump 202, the third water pump 203 and the fourth water pump 204 to be opened and closed according to the values of the first conductivity meter 101, the second conductivity meter 102 and the third conductivity meter 103.
With reference to fig. 1, a forward osmosis-multistage membrane capacitance deionization integrated treatment method for water treatment of a micro-polluted water source comprises the following steps:
step one, introducing raw water into one side with low osmotic pressure of a forward osmosis unit (2), introducing an extraction liquid into one side with high osmotic pressure of the forward osmosis unit, and enabling the raw water and the extraction liquid to form cross flow on two sides of a forward osmosis membrane;
step two, the effluent of the forward osmosis membrane enters a first-stage capacitive deionization module (4) to complete the desalination of more than about 75 percent to obtain preliminarily desalted dehydrated salt, and then enters a second-stage capacitive deionization module (6) to ensure that the effluent is lower than the total dissolved solid content specified by the national sanitary standard for domestic drinking water;
step three, when the numerical value of the second conductivity meter (102) is 80% -85% of the numerical value of the first conductivity meter (101), namely the first-stage capacitive deionization module (4) is close to adsorption saturation, the first water pump (201) is closed, the second water pump (202) is started, and a small part of effluent in the effluent tank (8) in the step two is introduced into the first-stage capacitive deionization module (4); or when the value of the third conductivity meter (103) is more than 800 mu S/cm, the first water pump (201) is closed, the third water pump (203) is opened, and a small part of effluent in the effluent tank (8) in the second step is introduced into the second-stage capacitive deionization module (6). Then, the power supply is reversely connected for electrode regeneration, in the regeneration process of the electrode, the anions and cations adsorbed on the electrode can be desorbed from the electrode and enter the solution, the anions and cations are re-enriched in water to form concentrated salt solution, and the salt solution can be circulated to the concentration tank (9) to be used as drawing solution. When the conductivity meter (101) is lower than a set value, the water pump (204) is started to guide the concentrated solution in the concentrated solution tank (9) into the drawing solution tank (3) in time.
Raw water is known to be a micro-polluted source water, and its main pollutants are nutritional pollutants (e.g., organic nitrogen, organic phosphorus compounds), pathogenic microorganisms (e.g., bacteria, viruses, protozoa, algae, parasites, etc.), heavy metal ions, and some inorganic pollutants. The forward osmosis membrane component comprises a forward osmosis membrane, and the forward osmosis membrane is a compact hydrophilic membrane made of cellulose acetate or polyamide. The drawing liquid is one or more of magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, sodium chloride and potassium chloride.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the first-stage capacitive deionization module of the membrane capacitive unit in the second step adopts a constant voltage (1.0-1.2V), so as to realize rapid desalination of effluent of the forward osmosis membrane; the second-stage capacitive deionization module adopts a constant current mode and simultaneously monitors the voltage change (the current density is controlled to be 1.0-3.5 mA/cm)2And meanwhile, the voltage is not more than 1.2V), and the stability of the discharged water is ensured.
A specific application example of the present embodiment is provided below to demonstrate the advantageous effects that the present embodiment can achieve.
Taking a certain slightly polluted source water, wherein the water quality is that the water temperature is 10-28 ℃, the pH value is 6.5-7.2, and the water is turbidDegree of 21 to 45NTU, CODMn2.4～4.1mg/L，NH30.6-3.4 mg/L of-N, and also contains trace elements such as Fe, Mn and the like, the sodium chloride (NaCl) is used as a drawing solution, the forward osmosis membrane treatment unit stably operates for 30 days, the flux is kept at 7-9 LMH, no obvious membrane pollution phenomenon exists, the effluent turbidity is lower than 0.5NTU, and the COD isMnAnd when the water outlet conductivity is lower than the detection limit and no pathogenic microorganism is detected, desalting the water outlet from the forward osmosis membrane unit by using a first-stage capacitive deionization module, and reducing the water outlet conductivity to 5-7mS/cm, and then passing through a second-stage capacitive deionization module, wherein the water outlet conductivity is lower than 700 mu S/cm.
Claims (8)
1. A deionization integrated treatment method for water treatment of a micro-polluted water source is characterized in that a forward osmosis unit is arranged, a raw water tank (1) is arranged on one side of the forward osmosis unit with low osmotic pressure, a liquid drawing tank (3) is arranged on one side of the forward osmosis unit with high osmotic pressure, the liquid drawing tank (3) is connected with a concentrated liquid tank (9), and a first-stage capacitive deionization module (4), a first-stage water tank (5), a second-stage capacitive deionization module (6), a second-stage water tank (7) and a water outlet tank (8) are sequentially arranged on one side of the liquid drawing tank (3) far away from the forward osmosis unit; a first conductivity meter (101) is arranged in the drawing liquid tank (3), a second conductivity meter (102) is arranged in the primary water tank (5), and a third conductivity meter (103) is arranged in the secondary water tank (7); a fourth water pump (204) is arranged and connected between the concentrated liquid tank (9) and the drawing liquid tank (3); the method comprises the following steps: step one, introducing raw water into one side with low osmotic pressure of a forward osmosis unit (2), introducing an extraction liquid into one side with high osmotic pressure of the forward osmosis unit, and enabling the raw water and the extraction liquid to form cross flow on two sides of a forward osmosis membrane;
step two, the effluent of the forward osmosis membrane enters a first-stage capacitive deionization module (4) to complete more than 75% of desalination to obtain desalted water subjected to preliminary desalination, and then enters a second-stage capacitive deionization module (6) to enable the effluent to be lower than the total dissolved solid content specified by the national sanitary standard for domestic drinking water;
step three, when the numerical value of the second conductivity meter (102) is 80% -85% of the numerical value of the first conductivity meter (101), namely the first-stage capacitive deionization module (4) is close to adsorption saturation, introducing a small part of effluent in the effluent tank (8) in the step two into the first-stage capacitive deionization module (4); or when the value of the third conductivity meter (103) is more than 800 mu S/cm, part of the effluent in the effluent tank (8) in the step two is introduced into the second-stage capacitive deionization module (6); the electrode regeneration is carried out by utilizing a reverse power supply method, in the regeneration process of the electrode, anions and cations adsorbed on the electrode are desorbed from the electrode and enter the solution, and are re-enriched in water to form concentrated salt solution, and the salt solution can be circulated into a concentrated liquid tank (9) to be used as drawing liquid; when the first conductivity meter (101) is lower than a set value, a fourth water pump (204) is started to guide the concentrated solution in the concentrated solution tank (9) into the drawing solution tank (3) in time.
2. The integrated deionization treatment method according to claim 1, wherein said forward osmosis unit (2) comprises a forward osmosis membrane which is a dense hydrophilic membrane made of cellulose acetate or polyamide.
3. The integrated deionization treatment method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said draw solution is one or more of magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, sodium chloride and potassium chloride.
4. The integrated deionization treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the relative cross-flow velocity in the first step is 0.5 to 3 cm/s.
5. The integrated deionization processing method according to claim 1, wherein the first capacitive deionization module (4) in step two is operated at a constant voltage lower than 1.2V, and the second capacitive deionization module (6) is operated at a constant current with a current density of 1-3.5mA/cm2While monitoring its voltage variation and ensuring that the voltage value is below 1.2V.
6. A processing apparatus using the integrated processing method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising: the device comprises a forward osmosis unit (2), wherein the two sides of the forward osmosis unit have different osmotic pressures, a raw water tank (1) is arranged on one side of the forward osmosis unit with low osmotic pressure, a liquid drawing tank (3) is arranged on one side of the forward osmosis unit with high osmotic pressure, the liquid drawing tank (3) is connected with a concentrated liquid tank (9), and a first-stage capacitive deionization module (4), a first-stage water tank (5), a second-stage capacitive deionization module (6), a second-stage water tank (7) and a water outlet tank (8) are sequentially arranged on one side of the liquid drawing tank (3) away from the forward osmosis unit; the concentrated liquid tank (9) is respectively connected with the first-stage capacitive deionization module (4) and the second-stage capacitive deionization module (6), and the first-stage water tank (5) and the second-stage water tank (7) are respectively connected with the water outlet tank (8); a first conductivity meter (101) is arranged in the drawing liquid tank (3), a second conductivity meter (102) is arranged in the primary water tank (5), and a third conductivity meter (103) is arranged in the secondary water tank (7).
7. The processing apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the raw water tank (1), the liquid drawing tank (3), the concentrated liquid tank (9), and the water outlet tank (8) are respectively connected with a water pump, comprising:
the first water pump (201) is connected between the secondary water tank (7) and the water outlet tank (8);
the second water pump (202) is connected between the first-stage capacitive deionization module (4) and the concentrated liquid tank (9);
the third water pump (203) is connected between the second-stage capacitance deionization module (6) and the concentrated liquid tank (9);
and the fourth water pump (204) is connected between the concentrated liquid tank (9) and the drawing liquid tank (3).
8. The treatment apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the control system (10) controls the first water pump (201), the second water pump (202), the third water pump (203) and the fourth water pump (204) to be opened and closed according to the values of the first conductivity meter (101), the second conductivity meter (102) and the third conductivity meter (103).
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| CN107381923B (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2020-07-17 | 河海大学 | Seawater desalination treatment device and method based on membrane capacitance deionization and membrane distillation |
| CN107487816A (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2017-12-19 | 河海大学 | A kind of combination unit that membrane capacitance system is automatically controlled using the time relay |
| CN107486020A (en) * | 2017-09-06 | 2017-12-19 | 河海大学 | A kind of water treatment facilities of forward osmosis membrane distillation integration and its application |
| CN107720888A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2018-02-23 | 中国海洋大学 | A kind of method and polymer-bearing waste-water processing unit based on positive penetration theory polymer-contained sewage |
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| CN103288252A (en) * | 2013-06-24 | 2013-09-11 | 北京赛科康仑环保科技有限公司 | A wastewater desalination process with a high water yielding rate and a device thereof |
| CN105417801A (en) * | 2016-01-18 | 2016-03-23 | 青岛理工大学 | Method and system for extracting fresh water from sewage with synergy of forward osmosis and electrodialysis |
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| CN103288252A (en) * | 2013-06-24 | 2013-09-11 | 北京赛科康仑环保科技有限公司 | A wastewater desalination process with a high water yielding rate and a device thereof |
| CN105417801A (en) * | 2016-01-18 | 2016-03-23 | 青岛理工大学 | Method and system for extracting fresh water from sewage with synergy of forward osmosis and electrodialysis |
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