CN100577577C - Pre-treating method for desalting sea water - Google Patents
Pre-treating method for desalting sea water Download PDFInfo
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- CN100577577C CN100577577C CN200510024634A CN200510024634A CN100577577C CN 100577577 C CN100577577 C CN 100577577C CN 200510024634 A CN200510024634 A CN 200510024634A CN 200510024634 A CN200510024634 A CN 200510024634A CN 100577577 C CN100577577 C CN 100577577C
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Abstract
The pre-treating method and apparatus for desalting sea water belongs to the field of sea water desalting technology. The sea water desalting pre-treatment process includes three steps of mixing reaction, solid-liquid separation and filtering. The sea water desalting pre-treatment apparatus includes one casing with water inlet pipe, water outlet pipe and chemical adding pipe; and reaction area, deposition area and filtering area inside the casing. Sea water flowing in through the inlet pipe is passed successively through the reaction area, the deposition area and the filtering area before flowing out. The present invention has high filtering efficiency, low treating cost, being suitable for industrial production, and other features.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of sea water desalting technology, particularly a kind ofly adopt reverse osmosis that seawater is desalinated pretreatment process when handling.
Background technology
Water is the basis that the mankind depend on for existence.On earth, 94% water is seawater, and having only 6% water is fresh water, therefore can be very limited for the Freshwater resources of human use.Along with the development of society, the shortage of Freshwater resources displays gradually.Particularly lack of water such as big city, island phenomenon is very serious in a lot of areas.Now, people recognize to the ocean and ask for water, seawater is desalinated processing, are the human final approach that solves shortage of fresh water.
The existing many decades of the development of desalination technology, huge variation has also taken place in technology.Use more technology to be at present: reverse osmosis membrane technology, multi-stage flash evaporation technology, electrodialytic technique etc.In these technology, reverse osmosis membrane technology is a kind of more advanced technology, is the development trend of sea water desaltination.Reverse osmosis technology is that a kind of dependence pressure carries out salt solution and fresh water separating process, and ultimate principle is as follows: exist osmotic pressure between salt solution and the fresh water, the permeable membrane that sees through that generally fresh water is spontaneous enters brine side, and this is referred to as infiltration; Reverse osmosis then is to apply working pressure in brine side to press to overcome naturally osmotic, and when working pressure was higher than the naturally osmotic pressure, the water molecules in the salt solution oppositely saw through permeable membrane, becomes purifying waste water of dilute side.Reverse osmosis membrane only allows solvent molecule to see through (being water molecules) and does not allow solute molecule to see through (being the salt quasi-molecule), so can be by reverse osmosis with sea water desaltination.
See through in the journey in seawater reverse osmosis, the film surface must keep clean totally.If there is the deposition of impurity, microorganism or salt on the film surface, film was lost efficacy, reverse osmosis process can't carry out, and also just shortened the work-ing life of reverse osmosis membrane.Therefore, before seawater reverse osmosis saw through journey, it was crucial that seawater is carried out pre-treatment.
Chinese patent 02159052 provides a kind of " ceramic film pretreatment method in the sea water desaltination ", this method is at normal temperatures, seawater is pressurizeed, directly enter the micro-filtration unit that ceramic membrane is formed, charging one side that makes suspended substance in the seawater and throw out be trapped within film, and effusively from this unit see through the requirement that liquid can satisfy reverse osmosis membrane.This method has many advantages, low as power consumption, as can to satisfy reverse osmosis membrane requirement, need not to add chemical, but the weak point that exists is that the price of the employed ceramic membrane of this method is higher, has increased the cost of pretreatment technology; Simultaneously, because the speed of seawater permeation ceramic membrane is very slow, working efficiency is lower in actual use.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is provides a kind of pretreatment process of sea water desaltination at the existing the problems referred to above of existing desalination technology, makes this method have stronger practicality, lower use cost, actual workable characteristics.
Another object of the present invention is the pretreatment unit according to the designed sea water desaltination of the pretreatment process of the sea water desaltination that is provided, and makes this device have filtration efficiency height, the low characteristics of cost rational in infrastructure, that consume when using.
The pretreatment process of sea water desaltination of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
(1), hybrid reaction: seawater is introduced the hybrid reaction district, before seawater enters the hybrid reaction district, add sterilizing agent and flocculation agent, and make seawater carry out hybrid reaction in hybrid reaction district and flocculation agent;
(2), solid-liquid separation: the seawater after the hybrid reaction makes solid particulate and liquid separation by precipitation;
(3), filter: the seawater after the solid-liquid separation filters, and filters the effusive liquid that sees through in back and can carry out the sea water desaltination processing.
In above-mentioned hybrid reaction step, sterilizing agent is microorganism and the organism that is used for killing seawater.
In the pretreatment process of above-mentioned sea water desaltination, described sterilizing agent is a clorox.
In the pretreatment process of above-mentioned sea water desaltination, described sterilizing agent is a chlorine.
In the pretreatment process of above-mentioned sea water desaltination, described sterilizing agent is a dioxide peroxide.
In the pretreatment process of above-mentioned sea water desaltination, described flocculation agent is a kind of in polymerize aluminum chloride, aluminium chlorohydroxide, iron trichloride or the Tai-Ace S 150.
The pretreatment unit of sea water desaltination provided by the invention comprises a housing, district, settling region and filtrating area respond in housing, sidepiece at housing is connected to water inlet pipe and rising pipe, tap chemical feed pipe on water inlet pipe, seawater is entered in the housing by water inlet pipe, by behind reaction zone, settling region and the filtrating area, from rising pipe, flow out successively.
In the pretreatment unit of above-mentioned sea water desaltination, be provided with filler in the described reaction zone.
In the pretreatment unit of above-mentioned sea water desaltination, be provided with inclined tube in the described settling region.
In the pretreatment unit of above-mentioned sea water desaltination, be provided with filtration unit in the described filtrating area.
When reality was used, the water inlet pipe water intake end in this device was in the seawater of reservoir area, and is provided with water pump.By water pump with seawater suction hybrid reaction district.Effusive seawater flows in the clean water basin in the rising pipe.
By the processing of this device, can reduce the turbidity and the colourity of seawater.
In the present invention,, impel the solid particulate precipitation in the seawater by adding flocculation agent, so that filter, so its filtration efficiency height; Adopt this device that seawater is carried out mainly consuming sterilizing agent and flocculation agent in the preprocessing process, its equipment is not fragile, and pretreated cost is very low; Simultaneously, device can be made one, is suitable for suitability for industrialized production, has higher utility.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is the structural representation of the pretreatment unit of sea water desaltination provided by the invention.
Among the figure, 1, housing; 2, water inlet pipe; 3, chemical feed pipe; 4, reaction zone; 41, filler; 5, settling region; 51, inclined tube; 6, filtrating area; 7, rising pipe; 8, water pump; 9, clean water basin.
Embodiment
Applied seawater is a coastal shallow sea water system in the present embodiment, has another name called inferior seawater.Water body turbidity and the colourity of inferior seawater are higher, therefore when adopting the reverse osmosis membrane processing desalination, need earlier to prevent to stop up reverse osmosis membrane to the turbidity of reservoir area water and colourity reduction, make film forming frequent replacing and influence the normal operation of inferior sea water desaltination.Particularly important based on this because of, the pretreatment process of sea water desaltination provided by the present invention and device thereof.
The pretreatment process of sea water desaltination is in the present embodiment: at first be hybrid reaction: be connected between reservoir area and the housing 1 with water inlet pipe 2, pressurize in the hybrid reaction district 4 in the seawater suction housing in the reservoir area 1 by water pump 8.Simultaneously, in seawater, add clorox and polymerize aluminum chloride, make they and seawater carry out hybrid reaction.Here, clorox is a sterilizing agent, plays disinfection.Polymerize aluminum chloride is a flocculation agent, with the mixing process of seawater in, polymerize aluminum chloride has positive charge, is pulled together with the solid particulate that has negative charge, forms the flocculation hybrid reaction.Be solid-liquid separation then: seawater makes solid particulate or contamination precipitation after flocculation in the seawater by settling region 5.Be to filter at last: sedimentary throw out is distinguished 6 backs after filtration and is detained, and filters the effusive liquid that sees through in back and flows in the clean water basin 9 again, is used to carry out the reverse-osmosis treated of sea water desaltination.
As shown in the figure, comprise water inlet pipe 2 on housing 1 and the housing 1, rising pipe 7 etc. according to the pretreatment unit of the designed sea water desaltination of above-mentioned method.Water pump 8 is positioned in the seawater of reservoir area, and water inlet pipe 2 is connected between water pump 8 and the housing 1.On water inlet pipe 2, go back chemical feed pipe 3 of tap.Spice such as clorox and polymerize aluminum chloride adds in the seawater from chemical feed pipe 3, and in seawater enters housing 1.
In the present embodiment, the add-on of polymerize aluminum chloride is 40mg/L.The add-on of sterilizing agent clorox is 2～3mg/L.Above-mentioned add-on should be done corresponding adjusting according to the difference of source quality.
In housing 1, be divided into three zones: reaction zone 4, settling region 5 and filtrating area 6.In the present embodiment, filler 41 is set in the reaction zone 4, is beneficial to the carrying out of hybrid reaction.In reaction zone 4, clorox and polymerize aluminum chloride and seawater carry out thorough mixing, make the flocculation of polymerize aluminum chloride and solid particulate together, enter then in the settling region 5.Inclined tube 51 is housed in settling region 5, increases contact area, help the precipitation of throw out by inclined tube 51.At last, seawater enters in the filtrating area 6.In the present embodiment, in the filtrating area 6 filter plate is arranged, filter is housed in the filter plate, lay quartz sand on the top of filter plate.By in the process of quartz sand, the colloidal solid in the seawater can be detained at seawater.Last seawater outwards flows out by the filter in the filter plate, and the effusive liquid that sees through flows in the clean water basin 9 by rising pipe 7.Like this, just finished the preprocessing process of whole seawater.
Every test rating of source, the reservoir area water of being got in the present embodiment, sees Table I:
Table I
| Index | Turbidity | Colourity | The pH value | Total alkalinity | N-NH 3 | N-NO 2 | COD Mn | Specific conductivity |
| Numerical value | 78 | 70～ 100 | 7.7 | 62.5 | 0.3 (0.5) | 0.05 (0.15) | 7.44(15) | 3000～ 4000 |
Annotate: the data in the bracket are the GB data.
See Table II through the every test rating that flows into the clear water in the clean water basin 9 behind the above-mentioned pretreatment unit:
Table II
| Index | Turbidity | Colourity | The pH value | Total alkalinity | N-NH 3 | N-NO 2 | COD Mn | Specific conductivity |
| Numerical value | 0.4 | 10 | 7.5 | 80 | 0.25(0.5) | 0.04(0.15) | 3.84 (15) | 3000～ 4000 |
Obviously, after the processing by this device, the turbidity and the colourity of seawater greatly reduce.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of pretreatment process of sea water desaltination is characterized in that, this method may further comprise the steps:
(1), hybrid reaction: before seawater enters the hybrid reaction district, add sterilizing agent and flocculation agent, make sterilizing agent and flocculation agent enter the hybrid reaction district by water inlet pipe, and make seawater carry out hybrid reaction in hybrid reaction district and flocculation agent with seawater;
(2), solid-liquid separation: the seawater after the hybrid reaction makes solid particulate and liquid separation by precipitation;
(3), filter: the seawater after the solid-liquid separation filters, and filters the effusive liquid that sees through in back and can carry out the sea water desaltination processing;
Above-mentioned sterilizing agent is chlorine or dioxide peroxide.
2, the pretreatment process of sea water desaltination according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described flocculation agent is a kind of in polymerize aluminum chloride, aluminium chlorohydroxide, iron trichloride or the Tai-Ace S 150.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN200510024634A CN100577577C (en) | 2005-03-25 | 2005-03-25 | Pre-treating method for desalting sea water |
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| CN200510024634A CN100577577C (en) | 2005-03-25 | 2005-03-25 | Pre-treating method for desalting sea water |
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| CN1673100A CN1673100A (en) | 2005-09-28 |
| CN100577577C true CN100577577C (en) | 2010-01-06 |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101028960B (en) * | 2006-12-07 | 2010-09-29 | 中国市政工程华北设计研究院 | Method for pre-treating seawater by flow-raising aeration biological filtering pool |
| WO2012027901A1 (en) * | 2010-09-03 | 2012-03-08 | Ge Wenyu | Comprehensive seawater utilization method for energy saving and emission reduction |
| CN102838228B (en) * | 2012-08-16 | 2013-11-20 | 浙江东发环保工程有限公司 | Membrane seawater desalination pretreatment system |
| CN108083492A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-05-29 | 上海巴安水务股份有限公司 | A kind of seawater desalination reverse osmosis pretreatment system |
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Non-Patent Citations (6)
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| 反渗透海水淡化技术应用. 解利昕，王世昌.膜科学与技术，第24卷第4期. 2004 |
| 反渗透海水淡化技术应用. 解利昕，王世昌.膜科学与技术，第24卷第4期. 2004 * |
| 反渗透海水淡化的预处理工艺选择. 姚吉伦，胡海修，吴恬，丁昭霞.中国给水排水，第17卷第8期. 2001 |
| 反渗透海水淡化的预处理工艺选择. 姚吉伦，胡海修，吴恬，丁昭霞.中国给水排水，第17卷第8期. 2001 * |
| 渤海海水淡化反渗透法的预处理工艺. 龙泽波，张大群，张万钦，张寿生等.城市环境与城市生态，第16卷第6期. 2003 |
| 渤海海水淡化反渗透法的预处理工艺. 龙泽波，张大群，张万钦，张寿生等.城市环境与城市生态，第16卷第6期. 2003 * |
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