CN106586961B - Surabaya preparation facilities and method - Google Patents
Surabaya preparation facilities and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106586961B CN106586961B CN201611147440.5A CN201611147440A CN106586961B CN 106586961 B CN106586961 B CN 106586961B CN 201611147440 A CN201611147440 A CN 201611147440A CN 106586961 B CN106586961 B CN 106586961B
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- tritium
- surabaya
- gas
- mass flow
- flow controller
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B5/00—Water
- C01B5/02—Heavy water; Preparation by chemical reaction of hydrogen isotopes or their compounds, e.g. 4ND3 + 7O2 ---> 4NO2 + 6D2O, 2D2 + O2 ---> 2D2O
Abstract
A kind of surabaya preparation facilities and method, belong to chemical industry and nuclear technology and apparatus field, surabaya preparation facilities includes metal storage tritium bed, first gas mass flow controller, oxygen cylinder, second gas mass flow controller, tritium oxygen composite catalyzing reactor, cold-trap, exhaust collection tank, vacuum pump, metal storage tritium bed is connected to first gas mass flow controller, oxygen cylinder is connected to second gas mass flow controller, first gas mass flow controller and second gas mass flow controller are connected to tritium oxygen composite catalyzing reactor respectively, tritium oxygen composite catalyzing reactor is connected to cold-trap, exhaust collection tank and vacuum pump are connected to cold-trap respectively.Surabaya preparation method includes the work step of above-mentioned apparatus.Surabaya preparation facilities and method can realize that tritium oxygen is quickly compound, and tail gas tritium recycles, and high-purity surabaya is prepared, and have the characteristics that preparation efficiency is high, at low cost, safe.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to chemical industry and nuclear technology and apparatus field, in particular to a kind of surabaya preparation facilities and method.
Background technology
Surabaya (T2O) is a kind of ideal non-distribution tracer, there is important answer in Complicated Fault Block Oilfield waterflooding extraction
With value.Surabaya can not only be dissolved in injection fluid as non-distribution tracer, and be migrated with the speed of fluid, while have low inspection
Survey the limit, long-term chemical and radiochemical stability, rock or well bore face without absorption, with reservoir fluid without chemical reaction with
The advantages of isotope exchanges.It is calculated by tracer output, the parameter of high permeability zone or macropore between oil well can be accurately calculated,
It can be widely applied in minor block oilfield waterflooding extraction.Surabaya can also be used to measure the moisture-inhibiting system of non-hydrophilic high polymer material
The penetrability such as number vapor transfer rate, diffusion coefficient, solubility coefficient, have advantage easy to operate, Huaihe River exactness is high, applicability is wide.
High-purity surabaya is usually prepared by tritium gas and oxygen are compound, and tritium is only capable of leading at present as a kind of human nuclide
The nuclear reaction for crossing nuclear reactor and accelerator obtains.The tritium nuclear reaction that can be decayed by spontaneous β generates 3He, and half-life period be only
12.33a.Surabaya enters human body simultaneously, can cause serious interior irradiation.The scarcity of tritium determines that surabaya synthesizes system with radioactivity
Standby complexity, it is necessary to take into account the utilization ratio of radiation protection requirement and tritium.
Currently, existing surabaya preparation method generally use static reaction method, there are complex process, and efficiency is low, of high cost
The problem of.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of surabaya preparation facilities, can high efficiency, prepare surabaya at low cost.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of surabaya to prepare dress method, and above-mentioned surabaya preparation facilities is used to prepare
Sour water has feature simple for process, efficient, at low cost.
What the embodiment of the present invention was realized in：
A kind of surabaya preparation facilities comprising metal stores tritium bed, first gas mass flow controller, oxygen cylinder, second
Gas mass flow controller and tritium oxygen composite catalyzing reactor, cold-trap, exhaust collection tank and the vacuum pump being sequentially communicated,
Metal storage tritium bed is connected to first gas mass flow controller, and oxygen cylinder is connected to second gas mass flow controller, the
One gas mass flow controller and second gas mass flow controller are connected to tritium oxygen composite catalyzing reactor respectively, tritium oxygen
Composite catalyzing reactor is connected to cold-trap, and exhaust collection tank and vacuum pump are connected to cold-trap respectively.
Further, in preferred embodiments of the present invention, surabaya preparation facilities further includes molecular sieve absorber, cold-trap with
Molecular sieve absorber is connected to, and exhaust collection tank and vacuum pump are connected to molecular sieve absorber respectively.
Further, in preferred embodiments of the present invention, surabaya preparation facilities further include surge tank, Buffer valve and
Gas circulator, cold-trap and surge tank are connected to Buffer valve respectively, and Buffer valve is connected to gas circulator, gas circulator
It is connected to exhaust collection tank.
Further, in preferred embodiments of the present invention, surabaya preparation facilities further includes mass spectrograph, mass spectrograph and tail gas
Collecting tank is connected to.
Further, in preferred embodiments of the present invention, exhaust collection tank is communicated with the control of third gas mass flow
Device, third gas mass flow controller are connected to tritium oxygen composite catalyzing reactor.
Further, in preferred embodiments of the present invention, metal store tritium bed and first gas mass flow controller it
Between, between first gas mass flow controller and tritium oxygen composite catalyzing reactor, oxygen cylinder and second gas mass flow control
Between device processed, between second gas mass flow controller and tritium oxygen composite catalyzing reactor, tritium oxygen composite catalyzing reactor and
It is both provided with control valve between cold-trap, between cold-trap and exhaust collection tank and between cold-trap and vacuum pump.
Further, in preferred embodiments of the present invention, it is depleted uranium bed, ZrCo based metal hydride beds that metal, which stores tritium bed,
Or Ti based metal hydride beds.
Further, in preferred embodiments of the present invention, metal storage tritium bed is provided with temperature measurement and control instrument.
Further, in preferred embodiments of the present invention, tritium oxygen composite catalyzing reactor be provided with platinum guaze catalyst or
Nickel mesh catalyst.
Based on the surabaya preparation method of above-mentioned surabaya preparation facilities, include the following steps：
S1：Vacuum pump is opened, tritium oxygen composite catalyzing reactor and exhaust collection tank are vacuumized, closes vacuum pump；
S2：By first gas mass flow controller and the second mass flow controller to tritium oxygen composite catalyzing reactor
Inside it is passed through the tritium gas and oxygen of designated ratio so that tritium gas and oxygen occur recombination reaction and generates surabaya steam；
S3：The mixed gas of surabaya steam, tritium gas and oxygen enters cold-trap, and surabaya steam therein condenses to form tritium
Water, tritium gas and oxygen enter in exhaust collection tank.
The advantageous effect of the embodiment of the present invention is：
This surabaya preparation facilities and method include metal storage tritium bed, first gas mass flow controller, oxygen cylinder, second
Gas mass flow controller and tritium oxygen composite catalyzing reactor, cold-trap, exhaust collection tank, the vacuum pump being sequentially communicated, work
As when first pass through vacuum pump and generate negative pressure, then again by two gas mass flow controllers to tritium oxygen composite catalyzing reactor
It imports tritium gas and the oxygen of designated ratio and generates surabaya steam so that recombination reaction occurs for the two, then surabaya is condensed by cold-trap and is steamed
Vapour obtains surabaya, and residual gas then imports exhaust collection tank to recycle, and whole device reasonable design, function is complete, can
Realize that tritium oxygen is quickly compound, tail gas tritium recycles, and high-purity surabaya is prepared, and has preparation efficiency high, at low cost, safe
The high feature of property, effectively compensates for the defect of the prior art.
Description of the drawings
In order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, below will be to needed in the embodiment attached
Figure is briefly described, it should be understood that the following drawings illustrates only certain embodiments of the present invention, therefore is not construed as pair
The restriction of range for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can also be according to this
A little attached drawings obtain other relevant attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of surabaya preparation facilities provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Icon：Metal stores tritium bed 100；First gas mass flow controller 110；Oxygen cylinder 200；Second gas quality stream
Amount controller 210；Tritium oxygen composite catalyzing reactor 300；Cold-trap 400；Molecular sieve absorber 500；Surge tank 600；Buffer valve
610；Gas circulator 620；Exhaust collection tank 700；Vacuum pump 800；Third gas mass flow controller 810；Mass spectrograph
900；Control panel 910；Ionisation chamber 920.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
A part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.The present invention being usually described and illustrated herein in the accompanying drawings is implemented
The component of example can be arranged and be designed with a variety of different configurations.
Therefore, below the detailed description of the embodiment of the present invention to providing in the accompanying drawings be not intended to limit it is claimed
The scope of the present invention, but be merely representative of the present invention selected embodiment.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, this field is common
The every other embodiment that technical staff is obtained without creative efforts belongs to the model that the present invention protects
It encloses.
It should be noted that：Similar label and letter indicate similar terms in following attached drawing, therefore, once a certain Xiang Yi
It is defined, then it further need not be defined and explained in subsequent attached drawing in a attached drawing.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that term "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical",
The orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as "horizontal", "inner", "outside" is to be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or be somebody's turn to do
Invention product using when the orientation or positional relationship usually put, be merely for convenience of description of the present invention and simplification of the description, without
It is instruction or implies that signified device or element must have a particular orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore not
It can be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.In addition, term " first ", " second ", " third " etc. are only used for distinguishing description, and cannot manage
Solution is instruction or implies relative importance.
In addition, the terms such as term "horizontal", "vertical" are not offered as requiring component abswolute level or pendency, but can be slightly
Low dip.It is not to indicate that the structure has been had to if "horizontal" refers to only that its direction is more horizontal with respect to for "vertical"
It is complete horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.
In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to which explanation is unless specifically defined or limited otherwise, term " setting ",
" installation ", " connected ", " connection " shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection or one
Connect to body；It can be mechanical connection, can also be electrical connection；It can be directly connected, it can also be indirect by intermediary
It is connected, can is the connection inside two elements.For the ordinary skill in the art, on being understood with concrete condition
State the concrete meaning of term in the present invention.
Fig. 1 is please referred to, the present embodiment provides a kind of surabaya preparation facilities comprising glove box is provided with gold in glove box
Belong to storage tritium bed 100, first gas mass flow controller 110, oxygen cylinder 200, second gas mass flow controller 210 and
Tritium oxygen composite catalyzing reactor 300, cold-trap 400, molecular sieve absorber 500, surge tank 600, the Buffer valve being sequentially communicated
610, gas circulator 620, exhaust collection tank 700, vacuum pump 800, mass spectrograph 900 and third gas mass flow controller
810。
Wherein, the depleted uranium bed in various types, such as the present embodiment may be used in metal storage tritium bed 100.Certainly, according to reality
Border situation can also select other types, such as ZrCo based metal hydrides bed or the hydrogenation of Ti Base Metals in other embodiments
Object bed.
Metal storage tritium bed 100 is provided with temperature measurement and control instrument, and temperature measurement and control instrument is used to adjust the temperature of metal storage tritium bed 100
Degree, so that tritium gas reaches the optimal temperature of reaction.
Metal storage tritium bed 100 is connected to by pipeline with first gas mass flow controller 110, and metal stores 100 He of tritium bed
The first control valve, the second control valve and filtering are provided on pipeline between first gas mass flow controller 110
Net.Wherein, the first control valve is located at outside glove box, and the second control valve is located inside glove box, preferably to control
Tritium gas flows between metal storage tritium bed 100 and first gas mass flow controller 110.Filter screen is then used to filter in tritium gas
Impurity, ensure the purity with the tritium gas of subsequent reactions.
First gas mass flow controller 110 is connected to by pipeline with tritium oxygen composite catalyzing reactor 300, first gas
It is provided with third control valve door on pipeline between mass flow controller 110 and tritium oxygen composite catalyzing reactor 300, to control
Tritium gas processed flows between first gas mass flow controller 110 and tritium oxygen composite catalyzing reactor 300.
Oxygen cylinder 200 is connected to by pipeline with second gas mass flow controller 210, oxygen cylinder 200 and second gas
The 4th control valve is provided on pipeline between mass flow controller 210, to control oxygen in oxygen cylinder 200 and second
It is flowed between gas mass flow controller 210.
Second gas mass flow controller 210 is connected to by pipeline with tritium oxygen composite catalyzing reactor 300, second gas
It is provided with the 5th control valve on pipeline between mass flow controller 210 and tritium oxygen composite catalyzing reactor 300, to control
Oxygen processed flows between second gas mass flow controller 210 and tritium oxygen composite catalyzing reactor 300.
It is provided with platinum guaze catalyst or nickel mesh catalyst in tritium oxygen composite catalyzing reactor 300, tritium oxygen can be effectively facilitated
Recombination reaction, while improving attached primary school's reaction efficiency.
Tritium oxygen composite catalyzing reactor 300 is connected to by pipeline with cold-trap 400, tritium oxygen composite catalyzing reactor 300 and cold
The 6th control valve is provided on pipeline between trap 400, so as to control tritium oxygen recombination reaction formation surabaya steam and not instead
Flowing of the tritium gas and oxygen answered between tritium oxygen composite catalyzing reactor 300 and cold-trap 400.
In the present embodiment, cold-trap 400 can select electricity refrigeration 400 cooler of cold-trap or 400 cooler of liquid nitrogen refrigerating cold-trap,
It specifically can be determines according to actual conditions.
Cold-trap 400 is connected to by pipeline with molecular sieve absorber 500, the pipe between cold-trap 400 and molecular sieve absorber 500
The 7th control valve is provided on road, to control tritium gas, oxygen and uncooled surabaya steam in cold-trap 400 and molecular sieve
It is flowed between absorber 500.
Molecular sieve absorber 500 is communicated with the 8th control valve by pipeline, and surge tank 600 is in parallel with the 8th control valve
And the two is connected to by pipeline with Buffer valve 610 respectively, Buffer valve 610 is connected to by pipeline with gas circulator 620.
Exhaust collection tank 700 and vacuum pump 800 are connected to by pipeline with gas circulator 620 respectively, and exhaust collection tank
The 9th control valve is provided between 700 and gas circulator 620, in addition to setting between vacuum pump 800 and gas circulator 620
Have and is additionally provided with the tenth control valve outside the 9th control valve.
It is both provided with pressure sensor and temperature sensor on exhaust collection tank 700 and surge tank 600, to monitor in time
Air pressure inside and temperature.
Exhaust collection tank 700 is connected to by pipeline with mass spectrograph 900, the pipe between mass spectrograph 900 and exhaust collection tank 700
The 11st control valve and the 12nd control valve are provided on road.
Meanwhile exhaust collection tank 700 is also connected to by pipeline with third gas mass flow controller 810, and tail gas is received
It is also set up other than the 11st control valve is set on pipeline between collection tank 700 and third gas mass flow controller 810
There is the 13rd control valve.
Third gas mass flow controller 810 is connected to by pipeline with tritium oxygen composite catalyzing reactor 300, third gas
It is provided with the 14th control valve on pipeline between mass flow controller 810 and tritium oxygen composite catalyzing reactor 300.
Above-mentioned Buffer valve 610 and all control valves are shut-off valve, shut-off valve have it is simple in structure, it is of low cost,
It can quickly and effectively realize fluid on-off.
Meanwhile this surabaya preparation facilities is additionally provided with control panel 910 and ionisation chamber 920, wherein control panel 910
In outside glove box, for realizing the automation control of whole device；Ionisation chamber 920 is located inside glove box, for measuring gloves
Electric power radiation event in case, to improve the safety of the present apparatus.
The operation principle and process of this surabaya preparation facilities are such：
The first step opens vacuum pump 800, tritium oxygen compound reactor, pipe-line system, surge tank 600 and exhaust collection tank 700
It is evacuated to 10-1Pa, closes vacuum pump 800.
Second step heats metal by temperature measurement and control instrument and stores tritium bed 100 to assigned temperature, while tritium oxygen compound reactor
The pre-heat treatment is warming up to assigned temperature.
Third walks, and opens the first control valve, the second control valve, third control valve door, the 4th control valve and the
Five control valves, by first gas mass flow controller 110 and second gas mass flow controller 210 simultaneously to tritium oxygen
The tritium gas and oxygen of designated ratio are passed through in composite catalyzing reactor 300, in deuterium tritium catalytic reactor tritium occurs for tritium gas and oxygen
Oxygen recombination reaction generates surabaya steam, and surabaya steam and unreacted tritium gas, oxygen are cooled down into cold-trap 400 together, absolutely
Most of surabaya steam can condense out to form liquid surabaya, and residue enters molecular sieve containing tritium gas and tritium gas, oxygen and inhales together
Device 500 is received, molecular sieve absorber 500 can absorb surabaya steam in residual gas, remove the tritium gas after surabaya steam and oxygen is mixed
It closes gas and is passed through the progress interim storage of surge tank 600.
4th step opens Buffer valve 610, the 9th control valve and gas circulator 620, by tritium in surge tank 600
The mixed gas of gas and oxygen is transferred to exhaust collection tank 700, by the pressure sensor that is communicated on exhaust collection tank 700 and
Then gas pressure and temperature in temperature sensor measurement exhaust collection tank 700 open the 11st control valve and the 12nd control
Valve processed measures the tritium gas of gas and the ratio of oxygen in exhaust collection tank 700 by mass spectrograph 900.
5th step closes the first control valve, the second control valve and third control valve door and first gas quality
Flow controller 110 opens the 4th control valve valve, second gas mass flow controller 210, the 5th control valve, the tenth
One control valve, third gas mass flow controller 810 and the 14th control valve pass through second gas mass flow control
210 and second mass flow controller of device processed is mixed to tritium oxygen composite catalyzing reactor 300 by the tritium oxygen of designated ratio simultaneously
Gas and oxygen, tritium gas and oxygen deuterium tritium catalytic reactor occur tritium oxygen recombination reaction generate surabaya steam, surabaya steam into
Enter 400 cooler of cold-trap, most gaseous state surabaya condense out to form liquid surabaya, remaining to enter molecular sieve suction containing tritium gas
Device 500 is received, absorbs surabaya steam in residual gas using molecular sieve.Remove the unreacted tritium gas and oxygen mixture after surabaya
Body is passed through surge tank 600.
6th step repeats the 4th step and the 5th step, until the content of tritium is less than 2% in exhaust collection tank 700, tritium oxygen is compound
Rate is more than 98%.
7th step, residual gas are stored in exhaust collection tank 700, close all control valves, open the 7th control valve
Door, heating molecular sieve absorber 500 to assigned temperature, the surabaya steam of effusion condense out to form liquid after being passed through cold-trap 400
Surabaya.
In conclusion this surabaya preparation facilities includes metal storage tritium bed 100, first gas mass flow controller 110, oxygen
Gas cylinder 200, second gas mass flow controller 210 and the tritium oxygen composite catalyzing reactor 300 being sequentially communicated, cold-trap 400,
Exhaust collection tank 700 and vacuum pump 800 first pass through vacuum pump 800 and generate negative pressure, then pass through two gas mass flows again
Controller imports tritium gas and the oxygen of designated ratio to tritium oxygen composite catalyzing reactor 300 and is generated so that recombination reaction occurs for the two
Surabaya steam, then by cold-trap 400 condense surabaya steam obtain surabaya, and residual gas then import exhaust collection tank 700 so as to
It recycles, whole device reasonable design, function is complete, can realize that tritium oxygen is quickly compound, and recycling for tail gas tritium is prepared into
To high-purity surabaya, has the characteristics that preparation efficiency is high, at low cost, safe, effectively compensate for the defect of the prior art.
It these are only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not intended to restrict the invention, for those skilled in the art
For member, the invention may be variously modified and varied.Any modification made by all within the spirits and principles of the present invention,
Equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of surabaya preparation facilities, which is characterized in that including metal storage tritium bed, first gas mass flow controller, oxygen
Bottle, second gas mass flow controller, tritium oxygen composite catalyzing reactor, cold-trap, exhaust collection tank, vacuum pump, the metal
Storage tritium bed is connected to the first gas mass flow controller, the oxygen cylinder and the second gas mass flow controller
Connection, the first gas mass flow controller and the second gas mass flow controller are compound with the tritium oxygen respectively
Catalytic reactor is connected to, and the tritium oxygen composite catalyzing reactor is connected to the cold-trap, the exhaust collection tank and the vacuum
Pump is connected to the cold-trap respectively.
2. surabaya preparation facilities according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include molecular sieve absorber, the cold-trap
It is connected to the molecular sieve absorber, the exhaust collection tank and the vacuum pump are connected to the molecular sieve absorber respectively.
3. surabaya preparation facilities according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include surge tank, Buffer valve and gas
Body circulation pumps, and the cold-trap and the surge tank are connected to the Buffer valve respectively, and the Buffer valve is followed with the gas
Ring pump connection, the gas circulator are connected to the exhaust collection tank.
4. surabaya preparation facilities according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include mass spectrograph, the mass spectrograph and institute
State the connection of exhaust collection tank.
5. surabaya preparation facilities according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the exhaust collection tank is communicated with third gas
Mass flow controller, the third gas mass flow controller are connected to the tritium oxygen composite catalyzing reactor.
6. surabaya preparation facilities according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the metal storage tritium bed and the first gas
Between mass flow controller, between the first gas mass flow controller and the tritium oxygen composite catalyzing reactor, institute
It states between oxygen cylinder and the second gas mass flow controller, the second gas mass flow controller and the tritium oxygen
Between composite catalyzing reactor, between the tritium oxygen composite catalyzing reactor and the cold-trap, the cold-trap and the tail gas receives
It is both provided with control valve between collection tank and between the cold-trap and the vacuum pump.
7. surabaya preparation facilities according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the metal storage tritium bed is depleted uranium bed, ZrCo
Based metal hydride bed or Ti based metal hydride beds.
8. surabaya preparation facilities according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the metal storage tritium bed is provided with measurement and control of temperature
Device.
9. surabaya preparation facilities according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the tritium oxygen composite catalyzing reactor is provided with
Platinum guaze catalyst or nickel mesh catalyst.
10. a kind of surabaya preparation method based on surabaya preparation facilities described in claim 1, which is characterized in that including following step
Suddenly：
S1：Vacuum pump is opened, tritium oxygen composite catalyzing reactor and exhaust collection tank are vacuumized, closes vacuum pump；
S2：Led into tritium oxygen composite catalyzing reactor by first gas mass flow controller and the second mass flow controller
Enter the tritium gas and oxygen of designated ratio so that tritium gas and oxygen occur recombination reaction and generates surabaya steam；
S3：The mixed gas of surabaya steam, tritium gas and oxygen enters cold-trap, and surabaya steam therein condenses to form surabaya, tritium
Gas and oxygen enter in exhaust collection tank.
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| CN111013491B (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2021-08-13 | 中国工程物理研究院材料研究所 | micro-Pascal water vapor generator and application thereof |
| CN111632461A (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2020-09-08 | 龙永南 | Rubber banburying tail gas treatment system and method |
| CN112881239B (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2022-03-04 | 清华大学 | Method for determining tritium diffusion coefficient based on accumulated release share |
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