CN106572835A - 具有机载立体定向成像***的放射治疗设备 - Google Patents

具有机载立体定向成像***的放射治疗设备 Download PDF

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CN106572835A
CN106572835A CN201580045317.XA CN201580045317A CN106572835A CN 106572835 A CN106572835 A CN 106572835A CN 201580045317 A CN201580045317 A CN 201580045317A CN 106572835 A CN106572835 A CN 106572835A
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沙布拉曼亚姆·高特第凡卡塔
阿文纳什·劳·库帕
迪帕克·费尔南多·萨瓦日那森
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Abstract

本发明提供用于生成光子束和电子束两者的放射治疗设备(100)，其中放射治疗设备安装有用于立体定向成像和具有更大FOV(视场)的CBCT(锥束计算机断层扫描)图像的双KV束X射线源。设备(100)包括环形扫描架(101)，其中环形扫描架(101)包括至少两个KV源(102a和102b)、至少两个可移动检测器(103和104)和LINAC X射线管(106)。两个可移动检测器(103和104)是第一可移动检测器(104)和第二可移动检测器(103)。第二可移动检测器(103)具有用于捕获具有250×450mm的较大FOV的成像辐射的X射线束的半扇模式的机构。X射线的半扇模式通过使第二可移动检测器(103)或第一可移动检测器(104)进一步朝向环形扫描架(101)的ISO中心(105)移动来捕获。

Description

具有机载立体定向成像***的放射治疗设备
技术领域
本发明涉及安装在环形扫描架上以生成光子和电子束的放射治疗设备。该装置配备有立体定向成像***，而立体定向成像***使用两组KV X射线束和安装成与扫描架的运动同心的检测器来拍摄具有更大FOV(视场)的CBCT(锥束计算机断层扫描)图像和立体定向图像。
背景技术
放射治疗是用高能电离辐射治疗患者的疾病和异常组织的应用。通常，辐射被准直成束并被引向靶区域用以治疗。足够高的辐射将杀死靶细胞。放射治疗通常特征在于每分量低剂量(例如100至200厘戈瑞)，更短的分数时间(例如每次治疗10至30分钟)和高分级(例如30至45分数)。基于环形扫描架的***倾向于表现出相对高的机械稳定性，即更少的变形问题，并且因此可再现地且精确地定位辐射源。具有放射治疗设备的环形扫描架生成立体定向图像和CBCT(锥束计算机断层扫描)图像。这些是用于提供具有可观前景的类型3-D体积图像的诊断工具。
现有技术中已知各种类型的常规环形扫描架，其中大多数通常包括双KV源和双平板检测器以生成CBCT图像和立体定向图像。在现有的美国专利第8,536,547号中提出了使用环形扫描架中的第一成像源和第一成像检测器来创建CBCT图像。成像检测器固定地安装在环形扫描架的内周中。在本发明中，所产生或捕获的CBCT图像不提供相对于患者平面的更大的FOV(视场)。
通常，使用用于立体定向成像的双KV图像源和双检测器的放射治疗机不能够取得具有半扇模式的CBCT图像，并因此它们不能够产生用于更高视场(大于250×250mm)的CBCT。为了生成具有大于250×250mm的FOV的CBCT图像，需要具有取得更大体积的CBCT图像的可行性的不同机器。在具有环形扫描架的传统放射治疗机中不存在电子模式且顾客不得不依赖于其它机器来递送电子治疗。
因此，需要包括如下的设备，即包括用于生成光子束和电子束两者的单个环形扫描架机器以及可生成具有更大FOV的CBCT图像和简单耐用的立体定向成像的成像***。
发明内容
本发明克服现有技术中的缺点，并提供放射治疗设备，该放射治疗设备用于生成具有更大视场(FOV)的CBCT(锥束计算机断层摄影)，其具有用于患者的扫描架中的较宽孔。该设备包括环形扫描架，其中环形扫描架包括至少两个KV源、至少两个可移动检测器和LINAC(线性加速器)X射线管。环形扫描架具有较宽(大于700mm)的中心开口以容纳沿着纵向轴线定位并延伸穿过其的患者的身体。环形扫描架中的两个KV源用于生成朝向患者台导向的成像辐射束。两个可移动检测器布置在环形扫描架中并且用于在成像辐射束已通过患者台之后检测成像辐射束，其中两个可移动检测器具有用于生成具有较大FOV的成像数据束的机构。两个检测器是第一检测器和第二检测器。第一检测器具有用于生成具有至少250×250mm的FOV的成像辐射的X射线束的全扇模式的机构，其中X射线束的全扇模式通过将第一检测器移动靠近患者的平面来产生。第二检测器具有用于生成具有250×450mm的较大FOV的成像辐射的X射线束的半扇模式的机构，其中X射线的半扇模式通过使第二检测器进一步朝向环形扫描架的ISO中心移动来产生。这两个检测器当被放置在扫描架的内周上时，这两个检测器用于捕获立体定向图像。
在优选实施方式中，成像辐射束称之为用于CBCT(锥束计算机断层扫描)成像和立体定向成像。
根据另一实施方式，成像辐射的X射线束的半扇模式还通过使第一检测器进一步朝向ISO中心移动来产生。
根据另一实施方式，该装置还包括安装在环形扫描架上以产生电子束以及用于电子治疗的光子束的LINAC(线性加速器)X射线管。
本发明的设备消除了不生成电子束的放射治疗机和不能够生成具有大于250×250mm的FOV的CBCT图像的立体定向成像***的需要。本发明的设备提供了具有两组KV源和检测器的单个环形扫描架放射治疗机，其中检测器具有能够捕获具有250×450mm的更大FOV的立体定向图像和CBCT图像的机构。本发明的设备更适合于SRS、SBRT和正常放射治疗、扫描装置、医院、诊断中心等中的应用。
本发明仅使用两组检测器和KV束源生成在ISO中心处具有250×450mm覆盖的具有X射线束的半扇模式和X射线束的全扇模式的CBCT图像以及生成的立体定向图像。这允许用扁平滤波器和无平坦滤波器方法的这两种处理。本发明的单个环形扫描架放射治疗机具有递送光子和电子这两者的机构。
应当理解，前面的一般描述和下面的详细描述都是示例性和解释性的，并且旨在提供对所要求保护的本发明的进一步解释。
附图简述
当结合附图阅读时，通过下面对实施方式的详细描述，实施方式的前述和其它特征将变得更加明确。在附图中，相同的附图标记表示相同的元件。
图1示出了根据本发明一个实施方式的具有两组KV源和检测器的环形扫描架的立体图，其中KV源和检测器被部分地放置在内环的周边上以容纳用于取得立体定向成像的扫描架中的较宽开口(大于700mm)。
图2示出了根据本发明的一个实施方式的具有两组KV源和检测器的环形扫描架的立体图，其中环形扫描架具有用于在半扇模式和全扇模式两者下取得CBCT图像的新位置。
具体实施方式
现在将详细参照本主题的描述，其中附图中示出了本主题的一个或多个示例。提供每个实施方式是为了解释主题而不是限制主题。这些实施方式被足够详细地描述以使得本领域技术人员能够实践本发明，并且应当理解，其它实施方式可被利用，并且在实施方式的范围内可进行逻辑、物理和其它改变。因此，下面的详细描述不应被视为限制本发明的范围，而是本发明由所附权利要求书来限定。
本发明提供用于生成光子束和电子束两者的放射治疗设备，其中放射治疗设备安装有用于立体定向成像和具有更大FOV(视场)的CBCT(锥束计算机断层扫描)图像的双KV束X射线源。该设备包括环形扫描架，其中环形扫描架包括至少两个KV源、两个可移动检测器和LINAC X射线管。两个可移动检测器包括第一可移动检测器和第二可移动检测器。第一可移动检测器具有捕获具有至少250×250mm的FOV的成像辐射的X射线束的全扇模式的机构。第二可移动检测器具有捕获具有250×450mm的较大FOV的成像辐射的X射线束的半扇模式的机构。X射线的半扇模式通过使第二可移动检测器或第一可移动检测器进一步朝向环形扫描架的ISO中心移动来产生。本发明仅使用两组检测器和KV束源生成在ISO中心处具有250×450mm覆盖的具有X射线束的半扇模式和X射线束的全扇模式的CBCT图像以及生成的立体定向图像。这允许用扁平滤波器和无平坦滤波器方法的这两种处理。本发明的单个环形扫描架放射治疗机具有递送光子和电子这两者的机构。
图1示出了根据本发明一个实施方式的具有两组KV源和检测器的环形扫描架的立体图，其中KV源和检测器被部分地放置在内环的周边上以容纳用于取得立体定向成像的扫描架中的较宽开口(大于700mm)。设备100包括环形扫描架101，其中环形扫描架101包括两个KV源102a和102b、至少两个可移动检测器103和104和LINAC X射线管106。环形扫描架具有宽的中心开口(大于700mm)以容纳沿着纵向轴线定位并延伸穿过其的患者的身体。环形扫描架101包括用于生成朝向患者台导向的成像辐射束的两个KV源102a和102b。两个可移动检测器103和104布置在环形扫描架101中，以在成像辐射束已通过患者台之后检测成像辐射束。两个可移动检测器103和104具有用于捕获具有更大FOV的成像数据束的机构。两个可移动检测器103和104是第一可移动检测器104和第二可移动检测器103。第一可移动检测器104具有用于捕获具有至少250×250mm的FOV的成像辐射的X射线束107的全扇模式的机构。X射线束107的全扇模式通过将第一可移动检测器104移动靠近患者的平面来产生。第二可移动检测器103具有用于捕获具有250×450mm的较大FOV的成像辐射的X射线束108的半扇模式的机构。X射线束108的半扇模式通过使第二可移动检测器103进一步朝向环形扫描架的ISO中心105移动来捕获。成像辐射的X射线束108的半扇模式还通过使第一可移动检测器104进一步朝向ISO中心105移动来捕获。
第一可移动检测器104和第二可移动检测器103安装在环形扫描架上的ISO中心105，其中它们彼此成90度或预定角度。成像辐射束称之为用于CBCT(锥束计算机断层扫描)成像和立体定向成像。
该装置还包括安装在环形扫描架101上以产生电子束以及用于电子治疗的光子束的LINAC(线性加速器)X射线管106。电子束通过将可移动靶保持得靠近LINAC X射线管106来产生，以使得从LINAC X射线管106出来的电子束撞击在散射箔上以生辰用于电子治疗的电子束。
图2示出了根据本发明的一个实施方式的具有两组KV源和检测器的环形扫描架的立体图，其中环形扫描架具用于捕获有半扇模式和全扇模式的新位置。环形扫描架101仅使用两个可移动检测器103和104和两个KV束源102a和102b在ISO中心105处生成具有250×450mm的覆盖的X射线的半扇模式和X射线的全扇模式的CBCT图像以及立体定向图像。第一可移动检测器104具有用于捕获具有至少250×250mm的FOV的成像辐射的X射线束107的全扇模式的机构。X射线束107的全扇模式通过将第一可移动检测器104移动靠近患者的平面来捕获。第二可移动检测器103具有用于捕获具有250×450mm的较大FOV的成像辐射的X射线束108的半扇模式的机构。X射线108的半扇模式通过使第二可移动检测器103进一步朝向环形扫描架的ISO中心105移动来捕获。
本发明的设备消除了不生成电子束的放射治疗机和不能够生成具有大于250×250mm的FOV的CBCT图像的立体定向成像***的需要。本发明的设备提供了具有两组KV源和检测器的单个环形扫描架放射治疗机，其中检测器具有能够捕获具有250×450mm的更大FOV的立体定向图像和CBCT图像的机构。本发明的设备更适合于SRS、SBRT和正常放射治疗、扫描装置、医院、诊断中心等中的应用。
然而，应当理解，尽管在前面的描述中已经阐述了本发明的许多特征和优点以及本发明的结构和功能的细节，但是本公开仅是说明性的。在本发明的由所附权利要求书所表达的术语的宽泛一般含义所指示的全部范围的原理内，可在细节上做出细节，特别是在形状、尺寸和部件布置方面进行改变。

Claims (6)

1.放射治疗设备，用于生成具有较大FOV(视场)的CBCT(锥束计算机断层扫描)图像，其中所述设备包括：
a.环形扫描架(101)，具有用于容纳沿着纵向轴线定位并延伸穿过其的患者的身体的中心开口；
b.至少两个KV源(102a和102b)，位于所述环形扫描架(101)中，其中所述两个KV源(102a和102b)用于生成指向用于立体定向成像的患者台的成像辐射束；
c.至少两个可移动检测器(103和104)，布置在所述环形扫描架(101)中并且用于在成像辐射束已通过所述患者台之后检测所述成像辐射束，其中所述两个可移动检测器(103和104)具有用于生成具有较大FOV的成像数据束的机构；以及
所述两个可移动检测器(103和104)是第一可移动检测器(104)和第二可移动检测器(103)，
i.所述第一可移动检测器(104)放置得远离患者平面，以使得更宽的孔/中心开口具有用于通过移动得靠近所述患者平面来捕获具有至少250×250mm的FOV的成像辐射的X射线束(107)的全扇模式的机构；
ii.所述第二可移动检测器(103)放置得远离所述患者平面，以使得更宽的孔/中心开口具有用于通过移动得靠近所述患者平面来捕获具有至少250×450mm的FOV的成像辐射的X射线束(108)的半扇模式的机构，以使其能够捕获X射线束的所述半扇模式；
2.如权利要求1所述的设备(100)，其中，成像辐射的X射线束(108)的所述半扇模式还通过使所述第一可移动检测器(104)进一步朝向ISO中心(105)移动来产生。
3.如权利要求1所述的设备(100)，其中，所述第一可移动检测器(104)和所述第二可移动检测器(103)安装在所述环形扫描架上的ISO中心(105)，其中所述第一可移动检测器(104)和所述第二可移动检测器(103)彼此成90度或预定角度。
4.如权利要求1所述的设备(100)，其中，成像辐射束被称为CBCT(锥束计算机断层扫描)成像和立体定向成像。
5.如权利要求1所述的设备(100)，其中，所述设备(100)还包括：
LINAC(线性加速器)X射线管(106)，安装在能够生成光子和电子这两者的所述环形扫描架(101)上。
6.如权利要求1所述的设备(100)，其中，竖直倾斜轴线与所述ISO中心(105)附近的纵向轴线相交。
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