CN106566103A - 一种全钙锌pvc微孔发泡板材的配方和制备工艺 - Google Patents

一种全钙锌pvc微孔发泡板材的配方和制备工艺 Download PDF

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CN106566103A
CN106566103A CN201610064030.8A CN201610064030A CN106566103A CN 106566103 A CN106566103 A CN 106566103A CN 201610064030 A CN201610064030 A CN 201610064030A CN 106566103 A CN106566103 A CN 106566103A
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蔡恒
廖秀生
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Fujian Mingcrwon Industry Polytron Technologies Inc
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Abstract

一种全钙锌PVC微孔发泡板材的配方和制备工艺，配方为质量分由50~100份的PVC树脂粉、20~50份的填充剂、25~60份的再生边角料、8~14份的发泡调节剂、2.5~6份的稳定剂、0.8~2.3份的发泡剂、0.5~1.8份的润滑剂、0.8~2.8份的增塑剂、0.3~0.9份的分散剂、1~3份的抗冲击剂、2~6份抗紫外线剂及0.3~0.9份活性剂组成。制备工艺是：先将配方量组分原料投入到高速混料机中混料8—12分钟，当温度达120℃时，将料排入低速搅拌机冷却5~10分钟达到40℃的料温后排入料斗待用；再将混合料抽入挤出机的料斗，等挤出机和模具达到设定的工艺温度时开始挤出板材，然后冷却定型、过牵引、修边、定长和切割处理后成符合技术规范的全钙锌PVC微孔发泡板材。

Description

一种全钙锌 PVC 微孔发泡板材的配方和制备工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及一种全钙锌PVC微孔发泡板材的配方和制备工艺，具体为不含重金属和有机锡的全钙锌的PVC发泡板材，属高分子材料加工技术领域。
背景技术
现有中国PVC微发泡板市场上的PVC微发泡板，主要采用两种不同的配方和工艺方法生产PVC微发泡板材，区别在于生产配方中使用何种类型的热稳定剂及相应生产工艺。第一种是使用复合铅热稳定剂，生产PVC发泡板材，其优点是生产稳定，配方成本较低，合格率高，此配方工艺被普遍采用；第二种是采用有机锡热稳定剂及相关工艺生产PVC微发泡板材，其优点是生产稳定，配方成本较高，合格率一般，产品不含重金属，有异常气味。此配方和生产工艺仅个别生产厂家采用。
但是，这两种配方的PVC发泡板材都存在不同程度的化学毒害问题：使用复合铅热稳定剂生产的PVC微发泡板材，其缺点是产品中含有重金属铅成分，与人体长时间接触后会对人体的健康有损害，在生产和使用产品的过程中会造成接触人员轻度重金属中毒，同时生产时含铅粉尘及废弃的微发泡板材也会对生态环境保护方面造成二次重金属污染。采用有机锡热稳定剂及相关工艺生产的PVC微发泡板材，虽然不含铅等重金属，但是其缺点是生产用的有机锡热稳定剂含有硫化物，在生产过程中受热后会散发硫化物的异常气味，同时这种异常气味会残留在PVC微发泡板材产品中，在微发泡板材用户使用时，经过二次切割加工的摩檫后会再次散发较浓的硫化物异味，从而引起加工人员心理上和身体上的不适应。
发明内容
为了解决上述传统PVC微孔发泡板材配方中存在化学毒害的技术问题，本发明公开一种全钙锌PVC微孔发泡板材的配方和制备工艺。
本发明所采用的技术方案是：
全钙锌PVC微孔发泡板材的配方由主结构组分和添加剂组分组成，主结构组分由50~100质量份的聚氯乙烯树脂粉、20~75质量份的填充剂、25~60质量份的再生边角料组成；添加剂组分由8~14质量份的发泡调节剂、2.5~6质量份的稳定剂、0.8~2.3质量份的发泡剂、、0.3~1.8质量份的润滑剂、0.8~2.8质量份的增塑剂、1~3份的抗冲击剂、2~6份抗紫外线剂及0.3~0.9份活化剂组成。
发泡调节剂采用的是丙烯酸酯类的加工助剂；
稳定剂采用的是钙锌稳定剂；
润滑剂采用硬脂酸钙、氧化聚乙烯蜡、硬脂酸、石蜡、聚乙烯蜡中的至少一种或多种组合；
增塑剂采用的是邻苯二甲酸酯和大豆油中的至少一种或两种组合；
抗冲击剂采用的是ACR和丙烯酸类加工助剂中的至少一种或两种组合；
活化剂采用的是二碳酸酯和脂肪酸酯中的至少一种。
发泡剂采用AC类型发泡剂和以碳酸氢钠为主的改性复合发泡剂中的至少一种或两种组合；
制备工艺是：第一步将配方量的主结构组分和添加剂组分投入到高速混料搅拌机中，混料8~12分钟左右，当温度达120℃时，再将料排入低速搅拌机中进行冷却，冷却5~10分钟左右达到40℃的料温后，再将混合料排入料斗中储存待用；第二步将混合料通过弹簧上料机抽入挤出机的下料斗中备用，等挤出机和模具按工艺达卡要求到设定的工艺温度时，开始挤出板材，然后进入到定型设备冷却定型，再经过牵引、修边、定长和切割处理后成符合技术规范的全钙锌PVC微孔发泡板材。
挤出机温度为：
1区段：160~170℃，
2区段：165~175℃，
3区段：168~180℃，
4区段：168~175℃，
5区段：160~175℃，
合流芯150~170℃，
模具温度168~175℃；
主机转速：12转/分~22转/分，模唇间隙0.3~2.5mm。
技术规范为加工产品厚度在1~32mm之间，加工产品密度在0.3~0.9／立方厘米之间。
本发明的有益效果是：通过配方组分中稳定剂、润滑剂的及其它组份的调整，达到无铅化的PVC发泡板生产配方，再通过工艺及温度的调整，生产出不含铅的钙锌环保PVC微发泡板材，可广泛应用于建筑装饰，广告，卫浴，家具，汽车等领域。
附图说明：
下面结合附图对本发明进一步说明：
图1为本发明的工艺流程示意图。
图中A、主结构组分，B、添加剂组分，1、配料称量，2、高速混合，3、冷却搅拌，4、储存，5、双螺酐挤出，6、T型模，7、平面定型，8、冷却，9、牵引，10切割，11、板材堆叠，12、进仓，13、锯屑边角收集，14、破碎，15、回头料。
具体实施方式：
实施例1：
聚氯乙烯树脂粉 75份
再生料 30份
填充剂 30份
丙烯酸加工助剂 10份
抗冲击剂 2份
稳定剂 3.8份
活化剂 0.4份
润滑剂 1.7份
抗紫外线剂 3份
着色剂 0.3份
发泡剂 1.5份
增塑剂 1.5份
本配方为适应高耐磨、高抗拉伸、微孔发泡的环保制品要求。制备步骤是：
第一步：先将配方量的主结构组分A和除发泡剂以外的添加剂组分B投入到混料机中高速搅拌2，混合8分钟后加入发泡剂，再混合2~4分钟，混料机温度上升到120℃后，再将料排入低速搅拌机中进行冷却搅拌3，冷却5~10分钟左右达到40℃的料温后，再将混合料排入储料斗中储存4备用。
第二步将混合料通过弹簧上料机抽入挤出机的下料斗中备用，等挤出机和模具按工艺达卡要求到设定的工艺温度时，开始挤出5板材，然后进入到定型设备冷却定型，再经过牵引9、修边、定长和切割10处理后成符合技术规范的全钙锌PVC微孔发泡板材。
挤出机温度为：
1区段：160~170℃，
2区段：165~175℃，
3区段：168~180℃，
4区段：168~175℃，
5区段：160~175℃，
合流芯150~170℃，
模具温度168~175℃；
主机转速：12转/分~22转/分，模唇间隙0.3~2.5mm。
技术规范为加工产品厚度在1~32mm之间，加工产品密度在0.3~0.9／立方厘米之间。
实施例2：
聚氯乙烯树脂粉 75份
再生料 45份
填充料 50份
丙烯酸加工助剂 12份
抗冲击剂 3份
稳定剂 4份
活化剂 0.5份
润滑剂 1.8份
抗紫外线剂 3份
着色剂 0.35份
发泡剂 1.8份
增塑剂 1.9份
成型方式和成型技术参数与“实施例1”基本相同。

Claims (5)

1.一种全钙锌PVC微孔发泡板材的配方，其特征是：配方由主结构组分和添加剂组分组成，主结构组分由50~100质量份的聚氯乙烯树脂粉、20~75质量份的填充剂、25~60质量份的再生边角料组成；添加剂组分由8~14质量份的发泡调节剂、2.5~6质量份的稳定剂、0.8~2.3质量份的发泡剂、0.3~1.8质量份的润滑剂、0.8~2.8质量份的增塑剂、1~3份的抗冲击剂、2~6份抗紫外线剂及0.3~0.9份活化剂组成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种全钙锌PVC微孔发泡板材的配方，其特征是：所述的发泡调节剂采用的是丙烯酸酯类的加工助剂，所述的稳定剂采用的是钙锌稳定剂，所述的增塑剂采用的是邻苯二甲酸酯和大豆油中的至少一种，所述的润滑剂采用的是硬脂酸钙、氧化聚乙烯蜡、硬脂酸、石蜡、聚乙烯蜡中的至少一种或多种组合；所述的抗冲击剂采用的是ACR和丙烯酸类加工助剂中的至少一种或多种组合，所述的活化剂采用的是二碳酸酯和脂肪酸酯中的至少一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种全钙锌PVC微孔发泡板材的配方，其特征是：所述的发泡剂采用AC类型发泡剂和以碳酸氢钠为主的改性复合发泡剂中的至少一种或多种组合；
一种全钙锌PVC微孔发泡板材的制备工艺，其特征是：所述的制备工艺是先将配方量组分原料投入到高速混料机中混料8—12分钟左右，当温度达120℃时，再将料排入低速搅拌机冷却5－10左右分钟达到40℃左右的料温后排入料斗中待用；再将混合料抽入挤出机的料斗中，等挤出机和模具达到设定的工艺温度时开始挤出板材，然后冷却定型、过牵引、修边、定长和切割处理后成符合技术规范的全钙锌PVC微孔发泡板材。
4.根据权利要求4所述的一种全钙锌PVC微孔发泡板材的制备工艺，其特征是：所述的挤出机温度为：1区段：160~170℃，2区段：165~175℃，3区段：168~180℃，4区段：168~175℃，5区段：160~175℃，合流芯150~170℃，模具温度168~175℃；主机转速：12转/分~22转/分，模唇间隙0.3~2.5mm。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种全钙锌PVC微孔发泡板材的制备工艺，其特征是：所述的技术规范为加工产品厚度在1~32mm之间，加工产品密度在0.3~0.9g／立方厘米之间。
CN201610064030.8A 2016-02-01 2016-02-01 一种全钙锌pvc微孔发泡板材的配方和制备工艺 Pending CN106566103A (zh)

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