CN106555140A - A kind of method that use vacuum pressure infiltration method prepares network structure aluminum matrix composite - Google Patents
A kind of method that use vacuum pressure infiltration method prepares network structure aluminum matrix composite Download PDFInfo
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- CN106555140A CN106555140A CN201610991648.9A CN201610991648A CN106555140A CN 106555140 A CN106555140 A CN 106555140A CN 201610991648 A CN201610991648 A CN 201610991648A CN 106555140 A CN106555140 A CN 106555140A
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- matrix composite
- aluminum matrix
- network structure
- vacuum pressure
- pressure infiltration
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C47/08—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments by contacting the fibres or filaments with molten metal, e.g. by infiltrating the fibres or filaments placed in a mould
- C22C47/12—Infiltration or casting under mechanical pressure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C49/00—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C49/02—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments characterised by the matrix material
- C22C49/04—Light metals
- C22C49/06—Aluminium
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method that use vacuum pressure infiltration method prepares network structure aluminum matrix composite, belongs to aluminum matrix composite field.The invention solves the problems that existing squeeze casting method is commonly present the problem that infiltration is impermeable or has folder aluminium strip to produce；Composite consistency prepared by existing powder metallurgic method is not high；Traditional aluminum matrix composite has that plasticity is low, poor toughness.The inventive method：First, will be cleaned to neutrality with pure distilled water after whisker or fiber pickling, be subsequently adding silica gel solution；2nd, cold pressing and obtain prefabricated section；3rd, sinter after spontaneously drying；4th, graphite jig is then placed in, then aluminium alloy block is placed on prefabricated section, vacuum pressure infiltration.Composite material strength prepared by of the invention and plasticity, toughness combination property are high, and process is simple, easily operate, short preparation period, low cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aluminum matrix composite field；Specifically related to a kind of vacuum pressure infiltration method prepares network structure aluminum
The method of based composites.
Background technology
Aluminum matrix composite has low-density, high specific strength, high specific stiffness, heat-resisting, wear-resisting, good stability of the dimension, heat swollen
The low plurality of advantages of swollen coefficient, has broad application prospects in Aeronautics and Astronautics, electronics and automotive field.
Generally, aluminum matrix composite is prepared using squeeze casting method and powder metallurgic method.
Squeeze casting method is commonly present because in prefabricated section, air discharge does not freely cause infiltration difficult, is infiltrated impermeable or is had folder aluminium strip
The problem of generation.
Composite consistency prepared by powder metallurgic method is not high, it usually needs through hot extrusion or the secondary change of hot rolling
Shape.
Traditional aluminum matrix composite is often referred to strengthen the composite being mutually uniformly distributed in matrix, this composite by
In the presence for strengthening phase, matrix is divided into into many zonules, limits the performance of base plastic, thus the usual table of composite
Reveal high specific stiffness, high specific strength, low plasticity and toughness.
The content of the invention
The infiltration that squeeze casting method is brought is difficult, infiltrate impermeable or have folder to solve for the method for adopting vacuum infiltration of the invention
The problem that aluminium strip is produced.Secondly the present invention solves the composite wood that powder metallurgic method is brought using the method that vacuum infiltration is pressurizeed simultaneously
The not high problem of material consistency.The present invention strengthens phase distribution mode in the base by change again, i.e., by net distribution generation
For being uniformly distributed, solve the problems, such as that traditional aluminum matrix composite plasticity is low, poor toughness.
To solve above-mentioned technical problem, the use vacuum pressure infiltration method of the present invention prepares network structure aluminum matrix composite
Method is carried out in the steps below：
Step one, will be cleaned to neutrality with pure distilled water after whisker or fiber pickling, be subsequently adding silica gel solution；
Step 2, be then introduced into aluminum alloy mould in cold pressing and obtain prefabricated section；
Step 3, the prefabricated section for obtaining step 2 are sintered after spontaneously drying；
Step 4, graphite jig is then placed in, aluminium alloy block is being placed on prefabricated section, vacuum pressure infiltration；I.e.
Obtain aluminum matrix composite.
Further limit：
The incorporation of step one whisker and fiber is 10% (volume)～30% (volume).
A diameter of (0.1～0.8) μm of whisker described in step one, length are (20～50) μm；
10 μm～1000 μm of fibre diameter described in step one, length are 1 millimeter～1 centimetre.
The mass percentage concentration of silica gel solution described in step one is 10%～50%, and every gram of whisker or fiber use (10～30)
ML silica gel solutions.
Step one mass percent is that 5%～20% HF carries out pickling.
In step 2, cold pressing pressure is (5～30) MPa, and the dwell time is (0.5～3) h, 0.5～3h of press time.Cold pressing
Purpose be to flow out unnecessary moisture and silicone fluid.
The time is spontaneously dried in step 3 for (24～72) hour,
In step 3, sintering process is as follows：(100～200) DEG C sintering (5～24) is warming up to (1～5) DEG C/min speed
Hour, then (350～450) DEG C sintering (5～24) hour is warming up to (6～10) DEG C/min speed, then with (11～20) DEG C/
Min speed is warming up to (800～850) DEG C sintering (5～24) hour.
In step 4, the process of vacuum pressure infiltration is as follows：It is put in vacuum hotpressing stove, first evacuation is heated to aluminium alloy
800 DEG C～900 DEG C of fusion temperature, infiltrated, wherein infiltration pressure be 50MPa～100MPa, the infiltration time for 10min～
60min enables aluminum alloy to liquation and is fully infiltrated in prefabricated section, and infiltration after terminating is down to pressure after 20MPa～50MPa, and insulation is protected
Pressure 0.5h～2h.
Composite material strength prepared by of the invention and plasticity, toughness combination property are high, and process is simple, easily operate, system
Standby cycle is short, shortens half reaction time, and low cost is required to save 40% into instinct.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the SEM figures of network structure aluminum matrix composite prepared by one methods described of specific embodiment.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiment one：The use vacuum pressure infiltration method of present embodiment prepares network structure aluminum matrix composite
Method is carried out in the steps below：
Step one, according to the volume fraction 10% of design, weigh whisker, with using after the HF pickling that mass percent is 10%
Pure distilled water is cleaned to neutrality, and the mass percent concentration for being subsequently adding silica gel solution is 10%, every gram of whisker 10mL silicon
Sol solution；
0.5 μm of the diameter average out to of whisker described in step one, 50 μm of length average out to；
Step 2, be then placed in aluminum alloy mould in cold pressing, wherein, cold pressing pressure is 5MPa, and the dwell time is 2h, compacting
Time is 2h, obtains prefabricated section；
Step 3, the prefabricated section for obtaining step 2 are spontaneously dried 48 hours, are warming up to 150 DEG C of burnings with 5 DEG C/min speed
Knot 12 hours, then 400 DEG C of sintering are warming up to 12 hours with 10 DEG C/min speed, then 800 DEG C are warming up to 20 DEG C/min speed
Sintering 24 hours；
Step 4, graphite jig is then placed in, aluminium alloy block is being placed on prefabricated section, vacuum hotpressing stove leaching is put into
Ooze, first evacuation, be heated to 850 DEG C of the fusion temperature of aluminium alloy, infiltrated, wherein infiltration pressure is 80MPa, infiltrate the time
For 30min (molten aluminium alloy is fully infiltrated in prefabricated section), infiltrates and pressure is down to after 30MPa after terminating, heat-insulation pressure keeping 1h；
Obtain network structure aluminum matrix composite (referring to Fig. 1).
Network structure Properties of Aluminum Matrix Composites parameter prepared by present embodiment is as shown in table 1.
The tensile property and impact flexibility of 1 network structure aluminum matrix composite of table
The preparation method that aluminum matrix composite is uniformly distributed in table 1 is prepared by squeeze casting method.Network structure aluminum-base composite
Material is prepared by the method for specific embodiment one.As shown in Table 1, vacuum infiltration method described in present embodiment is obtained
It is the intensity and plasticity that are uniformly distributed composite that whisker reinforcement network structure aluminum matrix composite is prepared than squeeze casting method, tough
Property has different degrees of raising.
The network structure Properties of Aluminum Matrix Composites parameter of different Whisker Contents is as shown in table 2.
The tensile property and impact flexibility of 2 different Whisker Content network structure aluminum matrix composites of table
As shown in Table 2, composite material strength prepared by the present invention and plasticity, toughness combination property are high.
Specific embodiment two：The use vacuum pressure infiltration method of present embodiment prepares network structure aluminum matrix composite
Method is carried out in the steps below：
Step one, according to the volume fraction 10% of design, weigh fiber, with using after the HF pickling that mass percent is 10%
Pure distilled water is cleaned to neutrality, and the mass percent concentration for being subsequently adding silica gel solution is 10%, every gram of fiber 20mL silicon
Sol solution；
100 μm of the diameter average out to of fiber described in step one, 0.5 centimetre of length average out to.
Step 2, be then introduced into aluminum alloy mould in cold pressing, wherein, cold pressing pressure is 20MPa, and the dwell time is 2h, pressure
Time processed is 2h, obtains prefabricated section；
Step 3, the prefabricated section for obtaining step 2 are spontaneously dried 48 hours, are warming up to 150 DEG C of burnings with 2 DEG C/min speed
Knot 12 hours, then 400 DEG C of sintering are warming up to 12 hours with 7 DEG C/min speed, 800 DEG C of burnings are warming up to 12 DEG C/min speed then
Knot 24 hours；
Step 4, graphite jig is then placed in, aluminium alloy block is being placed on prefabricated section, vacuum hotpressing stove leaching is put into
Ooze, first evacuation, be heated to 850 DEG C of the fusion temperature of aluminium alloy, infiltrated, wherein infiltration pressure is 80MPa, infiltrate the time
For 30min so that molten aluminium alloy is fully infiltrated in prefabricated section, infiltration after terminating is down to pressure after 30MPa, heat-insulation pressure keeping
1h；Network structure aluminum matrix composite is obtained.
Network structure Properties of Aluminum Matrix Composites parameter prepared by present embodiment is as shown in table 3.
The tensile property and impact flexibility of 3 fiber reinforcement network structure aluminum matrix composite of table
The preparation method that aluminum matrix composite is uniformly distributed in table 1 is prepared by squeeze casting method.Network structure aluminum-base composite
Material is prepared by the method for specific embodiment two.As shown in Table 3, vacuum infiltration method described in present embodiment is obtained
It is the intensity and plasticity that are uniformly distributed composite that fiber reinforcement network structure aluminum matrix composite is prepared than squeeze casting method, tough
Property has different degrees of raising.
The network structure Properties of Aluminum Matrix Composites parameter of different fiber contents is as shown in table 2.
The tensile property and impact flexibility of 4 different fiber content network structure aluminum matrix composites of table
As shown in Table 4, composite material strength prepared by the present invention and plasticity, toughness combination property are high.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method that use vacuum pressure infiltration method prepares network structure aluminum matrix composite, it is characterised in that the method be by
What following step was carried out：
Step one, will be cleaned to neutrality with pure distilled water after whisker or fiber pickling, be subsequently adding silica gel solution；
Step 2, be then introduced into aluminum alloy mould in cold pressing and obtain prefabricated section；
Step 3, the prefabricated section for obtaining step 2 are sintered after spontaneously drying；
Step 4, graphite jig is then placed in, then aluminium alloy block is placed on prefabricated section, vacuum pressure infiltration；Obtain
Network structure aluminum matrix composite.
2. a kind of method that use vacuum pressure infiltration method prepares network structure aluminum matrix composite according to claim 1, its
The incorporation for being characterised by step one whisker and fiber is 10% (volume)～30% (volume).
3. a kind of method that use vacuum pressure infiltration method prepares network structure aluminum matrix composite according to claim 1, its
A diameter of 0.1 μm～0.8 μm of whisker described in step one is characterised by, length is 20 μm～50 μm.
4. a kind of method that use vacuum pressure infiltration method prepares network structure aluminum matrix composite according to claim 1, its
10 μm～1000 μm of fibre diameter described in step one is characterised by, length is 1 millimeter～1 centimetre.
5. a kind of method that use vacuum pressure infiltration method prepares network structure aluminum matrix composite according to claim 1, its
The mass percentage concentration for being characterised by silica gel solution described in step one is 10%～50%, every gram of whisker or fiber 10mL～
30mL silica gel solutions.
6. a kind of method that use vacuum pressure infiltration method prepares network structure aluminum matrix composite according to claim 1, its
It is characterised by that the HF that step one mass percent is 5%～20% carries out pickling.
7. a kind of method that use vacuum pressure infiltration method prepares network structure aluminum matrix composite according to claim 1, its
In being characterised by step 2, cold pressing pressure is 5MPa～30MPa, and the dwell time is 0.5h～3h, and the press time is 0.5h～3h.
8. a kind of method that use vacuum pressure infiltration method prepares network structure aluminum matrix composite according to claim 1, its
The time is spontaneously dried in being characterised by step 3 for 24h～72h.
9. a kind of method that use vacuum pressure infiltration method prepares network structure aluminum matrix composite according to claim 1, its
In being characterised by step 3, sintering process is as follows：With 1 DEG C/min～5 DEG C/min speed be warming up to 100 DEG C～200 DEG C sintering 5h～
24h, then 350 DEG C～450 DEG C sintering 5h～24h are warming up to 6 DEG C/min～10 DEG C/min speed, then with 11 DEG C/min～20
DEG C/min speed be warming up to 800 DEG C～850 DEG C sintering 5h～24h.
10. a kind of method that use vacuum pressure infiltration method prepares network structure aluminum matrix composite according to claim 1, its
It is characterised by that the process of vacuum pressure infiltration in step 4 is as follows：It is put in vacuum hotpressing stove, first evacuation is heated to aluminium alloy
800 DEG C～900 DEG C of fusion temperature, infiltrated, wherein infiltration pressure be 50MPa～100MPa, the infiltration time for 10min～
60min enables aluminum alloy to liquation and is fully infiltrated in prefabricated section, and infiltration after terminating is down to pressure after 20MPa～50MPa, and insulation is protected
Pressure 0.5h～2h.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN108796397A (en) * | 2018-07-11 | 2018-11-13 | 兰州交通大学 | A kind of preparation method of graphene/carbon SiClx/aluminium composite material |
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Effective date of registration: 20210106 Address after: Building 9, accelerator, 14955 Zhongyuan Avenue, Songbei District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province Patentee after: INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY Research Institute OF HEILONGJIANG PROVINCE Address before: 150006 No. 92 West straight street, Nangang District, Heilongjiang, Harbin Patentee before: HARBIN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY |
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Effective date of registration: 20230404 Address after: 150027 Room 412, Unit 1, No. 14955, Zhongyuan Avenue, Building 9, Innovation and Entrepreneurship Plaza, Science and Technology Innovation City, Harbin Hi tech Industrial Development Zone, Heilongjiang Province Patentee after: Heilongjiang Industrial Technology Research Institute Asset Management Co.,Ltd. Address before: Building 9, accelerator, 14955 Zhongyuan Avenue, Songbei District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province Patentee before: INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY Research Institute OF HEILONGJIANG PROVINCE |