CN106546492A - A kind of Rock And Soil large scale original position triaxial creep test system - Google Patents
A kind of Rock And Soil large scale original position triaxial creep test system Download PDFInfo
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- CN106546492A CN106546492A CN201610966022.2A CN201610966022A CN106546492A CN 106546492 A CN106546492 A CN 106546492A CN 201610966022 A CN201610966022 A CN 201610966022A CN 106546492 A CN106546492 A CN 106546492A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0044—Pneumatic means
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of Rock And Soil large scale original position triaxial creep test system, including axle pressure loading subsystem, confined pressure loading subsystem and Background control computer；Axle pressure loading subsystem is arranged at the top of cylindricality Rock And Soil test block to be measured, there is the first displacement meter, axle pressure loading subsystem and the first displacement meter to pass through connection Background control computer respectively on axle pressure loading subsystem；Rubber layer is enclosed with the wall of cylindricality Rock And Soil test block side to be measured, confined pressure loading subsystem is arranged on rubber layer outer surface, there is in confined pressure loading subsystem multiple second displacement meters, confined pressure loading subsystem and multiple second displacement meters to pass through connection Background control computer respectively；Counter-force fixed frame module is arranged with outside multiple confined pressure loading subsystems.Advantage：Simple structure, easy to use, in process of the test, Rock And Soil test block has the deformation space and stable confined pressure of abundance, while realizing carrying out real-time monitoring to the globality of the Rock And Soil deformation of creep, measurement structure is more accurate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of instrument of the three axis creep test of Rock And Soil, more particularly to a kind of Rock And Soil large scale original position
Triaxial creep test system.
Background technology
Creep refers to that solid material, under conditions of keeping stress constant, strains the phenomenon increased with time lengthening.Rock
Soil body creep can cause the generation of the destruction or geological disaster of human engineering, such as cave in, settlement of foundation, landslide etc..Ground
Body creep test is the important means for determining its long-term mechanical behavior, therefore, the Research Significance of Rock And Soil creep is great.
At present, for the existing numerous studies of Rock And Soil creep, while all kinds of creep test methods are also arisen at the historic moment, such as
Shear creep test, uniaxial compressive creep test, normal triaxial (false three axle) and true triaxial creep test etc., for different type
Creep test method have developed corresponding test apparatuses.Conventional Rock And Soil creep test is often with single shaft, false three axle
Laboratory test is relatively conventional, and uniaxial test have ignored the impact of test block confined pressure, and false triaxial test then have ignored test block respectively to enclosing
The inequality of pressure.In contrast, large scale Rock And Soil three axis creep test in situ can more accurately reflect Rock And Soil in physical condition
Under true stress and creep behaviour.Therefore, the Research Significance of large scale Rock And Soil three axis creep test in situ is great.
At present, Rock And Soil three axis creep test mostly is laboratory test, and studied Rock And Soil test block size is less, for original position
The three axis creep test research of large scale Rock And Soil is less.The RXZJ-20000 types servo microcomputer control rock that Changjiang Academy of sciences develops
Body true triaxial in-situ creep test system, is the Large Field servo test instrument for being currently in domestic and international advanced level, to grind
Study carefully creep of the deep rock mass under the conditions of multiaxial stress and effective means are provided, and be successfully applied to case history.Pin
It is foursquare column rock mass test block to cross section, the hydraulic pressure steel sleeper of the system, can be with rock mass while stable confined pressure is provided
Test block deforms and freely stretches, and provides deformation space for rock mass test block deformation；The system is by amesdial to each center side of rock mass
Place's monitoring rock mass test block deformation.It follows that the deformable amount of the system liquid compressed steel pillow need to meet rock mass test block deformation of creep amount,
Need to characterize the deformation of the side rock mass test block at the rock mass test block surface deformation of amesdial monitoring simultaneously.Therefore, for
The Rock And Soil (soft rock, the soil body or soil-rock mixture) of larger deformation of creep amount can occur, when the hydraulic pressure steel sleeper of flat cannot be carried
During supply Rock And Soil deformation of creep requisite space, the system will be unable to successfully be tested；Simultaneously as Rock And Soil is (especially soft
Rock, the soil body or soil-rock mixture) there are inhomogeneities in side deformation, and the rock mass areal deformation monitoring of a single point possibly cannot be characterized
The deformation of whole Rock And Soil test block side.Further, since the system keeps stable confined pressure by hydraulic pressure steel sleeper, and the hydraulic pressure steel
The flexible face area of pillow is larger, when test block fraction deforms, can cause to bear at stress concentration at the deformation, i.e. deformation and answer
Power is more than set confined pressure, and remaining of the flexible face place that do not deform is born pressure and will be less than set confined pressure, so
The system is for Rock And Soil (especially soft rock, the soil body or soil-rock mixture etc. easily occur the Rock And Soil of inhomogeneous deformation) creep test
It is difficult to provide stable confined pressure.
To sum up above-mentioned, large scale Rock And Soil three axis creep test in situ can study more real Rock And Soil creep, its
Research Significance is great.And it is current, the three axis creep test research of large scale Rock And Soil in situ is less, and existing test method and phase
Instrument is answered to exist certain not enough, the triaxial creep test system of large scale Rock And Soil in situ is urgently further researched and developed.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to provide a kind of Rock And Soil large scale original position triaxial creep test system, has
The defect for overcoming prior art of effect.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem is as follows：A kind of Rock And Soil large scale original position three axis creep test
System, including axle pressure loading subsystem, confined pressure loading subsystem and Background control computer；
Above-mentioned axle pressure loading subsystem is arranged at the top of cylindricality Rock And Soil test block to be measured, is had on above-mentioned axle pressure loading subsystem
Have for detecting the first displacement meter of cylindricality Rock And Soil test block Axial creep deformation quantity to be measured, above-mentioned axle pressure loading subsystem and the
, respectively by connection Background control computer, above-mentioned Background control computer control shaft pressure loading subsystem is to be measured for one displacement meter
The test block of the cylindricality soil body provides axle pressure, makes cylindricality Rock And Soil test block to be measured that axial direction and lateral creep to occur, then is examined by the first displacement meter
Measure Axial creep deformation quantity and feed back to Background control computer；
Be enclosed with rubber layer on above-mentioned cylindricality Rock And Soil test block side to be measured wall, above-mentioned confined pressure loading subsystem enclose be located at it is above-mentioned
Rubber layer outer surface, has for detecting many of the lateral Creep Deformation amount of cylindricality Rock And Soil to be measured in above-mentioned confined pressure loading subsystem
Individual second displacement meter, above-mentioned confined pressure loading subsystem and multiple second displacement meters are respectively by the above-mentioned Background control electricity of connection
Brain, above-mentioned Background control computer control confined pressure loading subsystem provide lateral confined pressure to cylindricality Rock And Soil test block to be measured, then by many
Individual second displacement meter detects lateral Creep Deformation amount respectively and feeds back to Background control computer；
Counter-force fixed frame module is arranged with outside above-mentioned confined pressure loading subsystem, for side pressure being provided to confined pressure loading subsystem
Counter-force.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows：Simple structure, easy to use, during three axis creep test, Rock And Soil test block has
Sufficient deformation space and stable confined pressure, while realizing carrying out real-time monitoring to the globality of the Rock And Soil deformation of creep, measure
Structure is more accurate.
On the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal, the present invention can also do following improvement.
Further, above-mentioned cylindricality Rock And Soil to be measured test block is that cross section is foursquare cylinder.
It is easy for confined pressure loading subsystem is installed using the beneficial effect of above-mentioned further scheme.
Further, above-mentioned axle pressure loading subsystem also includes top surface force transmitting board, jack, force-transmitting pole and steel plate, above-mentioned top
Face force transmitting board is covered at the top of above-mentioned cylindricality Rock And Soil test block, and above-mentioned jack is vertically fixed on top surface force transmitting board upper surface, its
Telescopic end sets up, and above-mentioned force-transmitting pole is fixed on above-mentioned jack telescopic end, above-mentioned Interal fixation at the top of above-mentioned force-transmitting pole,
And abut with external counter-force supporting mechanism, above-mentioned counter-force supporting mechanism provides axially anti-to force-transmitting pole and jack by steel plate
Power, external first hydraulic power unit of above-mentioned jack, above-mentioned first hydraulic power unit is by connection Background control electricity
Brain, above-mentioned first displacement meter are fixed on above-mentioned counter-force fixed frame module by support, and its end of probe and above-mentioned top surface power transmission
Plate is contacted, and above-mentioned Background control computer can control jack telescopic end by the first hydraulic power unit and stretch, when jack is stretched
When contracting end is stretched out, under the effect of axial counter-force, jack compresses axially cylindricality Rock And Soil test block to be measured.
It is that axle pressure loading subsystem structure is simple using the beneficial effect of above-mentioned further scheme, by jack and steel plate
Axle pressure is provided to cylindricality Rock And Soil test block to be measured, and by the displacement of the detection jack telescopic end of the first displacement meter 26, so as to obtain
To the deformation quantity of cylindricality Rock And Soil test block Axial creep to be measured, using more convenient.
Further, above-mentioned confined pressure loading subsystem loads module including four confined pressures, and four above-mentioned confined pressures load module
Four sides of above-mentioned cylindricality Rock And Soil to be measured test block being corresponded to respectively, and being offseted with rubber layer, above-mentioned counter-force fixed frame module is arranged
Outside four above-mentioned confined pressure loading modules, in each above-mentioned confined pressure loading module, multiple above-mentioned second displacement meters are respectively provided with.
It is that subsystem is loaded to cylindricality Rock And Soil to be measured by each confined pressure using the beneficial effect of above-mentioned further scheme
Each side of test block provides lateral confined pressure, and confined pressure is more stable, and measurement result is more accurate.
Further, each above-mentioned confined pressure loading module includes fixed frame, multiple backing plates, multiple cylinders, force transmitting board and liquid
Pressure pillow, multiple above-mentioned backing plates in matrix distribution on the rubber layer outer surface of corresponding cylindricality Rock And Soil test block side to be measured, phase
Adjacent two above-mentioned backing plate edge contacts, rectangle and corresponding cylindricality Rock And Soil test block side to be measured shape that multiple above-mentioned backing plates are formed
Shape and area are identical, and above-mentioned fixed frame is the rectangular frame structure matched with above-mentioned cylindricality Rock And Soil test block side to be measured,
And it is positioned close to the position of above-mentioned backing plate, and, above-mentioned fixed inframe parallel with the corresponding side of cylindricality Rock And Soil test block to be measured
Correspond with above-mentioned backing plate and the pilot hole in matrix distribution with multiple, one a pair of multiple above-mentioned cylinders and above-mentioned pilot hole
Should, multiple above-mentioned cylinders are horizontally arranged in corresponding pilot hole respectively, and its expansion link is horizontally directed to corresponding above-mentioned pad
Plate, and stretch out fixed outer frame and abut with corresponding backing plate, above-mentioned cylinder block stretches out corresponding dress away from one end of expansion link
Outside distribution and abut above-mentioned force transmitting board, above-mentioned flat jack is arranged on above-mentioned fixed frame away from the side of rubber layer, and its face it is solid
The one side of frame is determined for flexible face, above-mentioned flexible face is connected with above-mentioned force transmitting board, and above-mentioned counter-force fixed frame module is set in each liquid
Pressure pillow is outer, and above-mentioned fixed frame is fixedly connected with counter-force fixed frame module by screw, external second power fluid of above-mentioned flat jack
Pressure unit, above-mentioned Background control computer passes through the above-mentioned second dynamicliquid pressure unit of connection, on the cylinder body of each above-mentioned cylinder
Above-mentioned second displacement meter is mounted on, and the end of probe of above-mentioned second displacement meter is horizontally directed to corresponding backing plate and is connect with which
Touch；Above-mentioned Background control computer can control the flexible face of flat jack by the second dynamicliquid pressure unit and stretch, when the flexible face of flat jack
When stretching out, corresponding cylinder is delivered to by force transmitting board, then backing plate and cylindricality Rock And Soil to be measured are delivered to by Telescopic-cylinder bar
There is creep in the corresponding position of test block, cylindricality Rock And Soil test block correspondence position to be measured, by backing plate reverse extrusion expansion link, make gas
There is relative displacement between cylinder expansion link and cylinder body, and detected relative displacement information and fed back to by corresponding second displacement meter
Background control computer.
It is to each side of cylindricality Rock And Soil to be measured test block by flat jack using the beneficial effect of above-mentioned further scheme
It is overall that side pressure is provided, corresponding cushion block is extruded during test block local creep so that expansion link stress produces change in displacement, passes through
The deformation quantity that its displacement is obtained test block local creep is measured in corresponding second displacement measurement, measures more convenient, Creep Deformation
Amount refine to concrete certain position so that measurement structure is more accurate.
Further, above-mentioned force transmitting board be provided with it is multiple through itself and with above-mentioned cylinder correspond guide groove, above-mentioned cylinder cylinder
Body is provided with pressure control valve away from one end of expansion link, and above-mentioned pressure control valve is stretched in corresponding guide groove.
It is that the pressure in cylinder is adjusted by pressure control valve using the beneficial effect of above-mentioned further scheme, makes in cylinder
, in setting value, safety is higher for invariablenes pressure of liquid, meanwhile, pressure control valve is hidden in guide groove and is hardly damaged.
Further, above-mentioned pressure control valve includes pressure control valve cylinder body, control valve piston and butterfly spring, above-mentioned pressure control
Valve barrel body one end is connected away from one end of expansion link with cylinder, and above-mentioned control valve piston is arranged in pressure control valve cylinder body, and
Fit with casing wall, and can move along casing wall, above-mentioned butterfly spring is arranged on control valve piston and pressure control valve cylinder body other end casing wall
Between, and its two ends respectively with control valve piston and pressure control valve cylinder body other end casing wall abut, above-mentioned pressure control valve
Cylinder body is provided with pressure relief opening, and above-mentioned pressure relief opening is located on the shift motion of control valve piston, when in cylinder, pressure is higher than setting value
When, above-mentioned cylinder interior gas promote control valve piston to move and compress butterfly spring to the pressure control valve cylinder body other end, are being moved through
Cheng Zhong, through pressure relief opening, pressure relief opening is connected control valve piston with cylinder air flow, and cylinder interior gas Jing pressure relief openings discharge pressure release, when
When in cylinder, pressure recovers to equal to setting value, butterfly spring is recovered deformation and reversely promotes control valve piston to move over pressure relief opening,
Pressure relief opening is disconnected with cylinder and being connected, and pressure relief opening stops pressure release.
It is pressure control valve simple structure using the beneficial effect of above-mentioned further scheme, pressure adjusts process side
Just, fast.
Further, by the multiple levels and equidistant up and down spaced counter-force fixed frame group of above-mentioned counter-force fixed frame module
Into above-mentioned fixed frame is fixedly connected with each above-mentioned counter-force fixed frame by screw respectively, and above-mentioned first displacement meter of institute is by propping up
Frame is fixed on the above-mentioned counter-force fixed frame of the superiors.
It is that counter-force fixed frame modular structure is simple using the beneficial effect of above-mentioned further scheme, reaction distribution is more equal
It is even.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the Rock And Soil large scale original position triaxial creep test system of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the section knot of confined pressure loading subsystem in Rock And Soil large scale original position triaxial creep test system of the invention
Structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is cooperation between single cylinder and cushion block in Rock And Soil large scale original position triaxial creep test system of the invention
Structural representation；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of pressure control valve in Rock And Soil large scale original position triaxial creep test system of the invention
Figure；
Fig. 5 is that the pressure release of pressure control valve in Rock And Soil large scale original position triaxial creep test system of the invention uses shape
State figure.
In accompanying drawing, the list of parts representated by each label is as follows：
1st, rubber layer, 4, counter-force fixed frame module, 21, top surface force transmitting board, 22, jack, 23, force-transmitting pole, 24, steel plate,
25th, the first hydraulic power unit, the 26, first displacement meter, 31, fixed frame, 32, backing plate, 33, cylinder, 34, force transmitting board, 35, hydraulic pressure
Pillow, the 36, second dynamicliquid pressure unit, 37, second displacement meter, 41, counter-force fixed frame, 331, pressure control valve, 341, guide groove,
3311st, pressure control valve cylinder body, 3312, control valve piston, 3313, butterfly spring, 3314, pressure relief opening.
Specific embodiment
The principle and feature of the present invention are described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, example is served only for explaining the present invention, and
It is non-for limiting the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment：As shown in figure 1, the Rock And Soil large scale original position triaxial creep test system of the present embodiment, including axle pressure
Loading subsystem, confined pressure loading subsystem and Background control computer；
Above-mentioned axle pressure loading subsystem is arranged at the top of cylindricality Rock And Soil test block to be measured, tool in above-mentioned axle pressure loading subsystem
Have for detecting the first displacement meter 26 of cylindricality Rock And Soil test block Axial creep deformation quantity to be measured, above-mentioned axle pressure loading subsystem and
First displacement meter 2626 is respectively by connection Background control computer, above-mentioned Background control computer control shaft pressure loading subsystem
Axle pressure is provided to cylindricality soil body test block to be measured, makes cylindricality Rock And Soil test block to be measured that axial direction and lateral creep to occur, then by first
Move meter 2626 to detect Axial creep deformation quantity and feed back to Background control computer；
Rubber layer 1 is enclosed with above-mentioned cylindricality Rock And Soil test block side to be measured wall, above-mentioned rubber layer 1 can occur certain deformation,
Deformation space is provided for Rock And Soil test block, above-mentioned confined pressure loading subsystem encloses and is located at 1 outer surface of above-mentioned rubber layer, and above-mentioned confined pressure adds
Have in subsystems 37 based on detecting multiple second displacements of the lateral Creep Deformation amount of cylindricality Rock And Soil to be measured, above-mentioned confined pressure
Loading subsystem and multiple second displacement meters 37 are respectively by the above-mentioned Background control computer of connection, above-mentioned Background control computer
Control confined pressure loading subsystem provides lateral confined pressure to cylindricality Rock And Soil test block to be measured, then is examined by multiple second displacement meters 37 respectively
Measure lateral Creep Deformation amount and feed back to Background control computer；
Counter-force fixed frame module 4 is arranged with outside above-mentioned confined pressure loading subsystem, for side being provided to confined pressure loading subsystem
Pressure counter-force.
It is foursquare cylinder that the test block of above-mentioned cylindricality Rock And Soil to be measured is cross section, wherein, the length, width and height of test block are respectively
0.5m、0.5m、1m。
Above-mentioned axle pressure loading subsystem also includes top surface force transmitting board 21, jack 22, force-transmitting pole 23 and steel plate 24, above-mentioned top
Face force transmitting board 21 is covered at the top of above-mentioned cylindricality Rock And Soil test block, and above-mentioned jack 22 is vertically fixed on 21 upper table of top surface force transmitting board
Face, its telescopic end set up, and above-mentioned force-transmitting pole 23 is fixed on 22 telescopic end of above-mentioned jack, and above-mentioned steel plate 24 is fixed on above-mentioned
At the top of force-transmitting pole 23, and abut with external counter-force supporting mechanism, above-mentioned counter-force supporting mechanism is by steel plate 24 to force-transmitting pole 23
Axial counter-force, 22 external first hydraulic power unit 25 of above-mentioned jack, above-mentioned first hydraulic power list are provided with jack 22
Unit 25 is fixed on above-mentioned counter-force fixed frame mould by support by connection Background control computer, above-mentioned first displacement meter 2626
In group 4, and its end of probe is contacted with above-mentioned top surface force transmitting board 21, and above-mentioned Background control computer can pass through the first hydraulic power unit
25 22 telescopic ends of control jack stretch, and when 22 telescopic end of jack stretches out, under the effect of axial counter-force, jack 22 is axially
Extrude cylindricality Rock And Soil test block to be measured, the displacement that the telescopic end of jack 22 stretches out i.e. equal to the deflection of test block Axial creep,
In experimentation, whole device is put in cavern, steel plate 24 is abutted with cavern's top board, cavern's top board provides jack 22 and stretches
Counter-force when end is stretched out, and cause cavern's top board large deformation to prevent axial load excessive, need chipping to provide the top board of counter-force,
Make its into it is horizontal and have larger area.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, above-mentioned confined pressure loading subsystem loads module including four confined pressures, and four above-mentioned confined pressures add
Carry module and correspond to four sides of above-mentioned cylindricality Rock And Soil to be measured test block respectively, and offset with rubber layer 1, above-mentioned counter-force fixed frame mould
Group 4 is set in outside four above-mentioned confined pressure loading modules, is respectively provided with multiple above-mentioned second displacements in each above-mentioned confined pressure loading module
Meter 37.
Each above-mentioned confined pressure loading module includes fixed frame 31, multiple backing plates 32, multiple cylinders 33, force transmitting board 34 and liquid
Pressure pillow 35, multiple above-mentioned backing plates 32 are in matrix distribution in 1 outer surface of rubber layer of corresponding cylindricality Rock And Soil test block side to be measured
On, two neighboring 32 edge of above-mentioned backing plate contact, rectangle and corresponding cylindricality Rock And Soil to be measured that multiple above-mentioned backing plates 32 are formed
Test block side view and area are identical, and above-mentioned fixed frame 31 is the cuboid matched with above-mentioned cylindricality Rock And Soil test block side to be measured
Shape frame structure, and the position of above-mentioned backing plate 32 is positioned close to, and it is parallel with the corresponding side of cylindricality Rock And Soil test block to be measured,
Correspond with above-mentioned backing plate 32 and the pilot hole in matrix distribution with multiple in above-mentioned fixed frame 31, multiple above-mentioned cylinders 33
Correspond with above-mentioned pilot hole, multiple above-mentioned cylinders 33 are horizontally arranged in corresponding pilot hole respectively, and its expansion link is equal
It is horizontally directed to corresponding above-mentioned backing plate 32, and stretches out fixed frame 31 abut with corresponding backing plate 32 outward, 33 cylinder body of the above-mentioned cylinder back of the body
Above-mentioned force transmitting board 34 is stretched out outside corresponding pilot hole and is abutted from one end of expansion link, and above-mentioned flat jack 35 is arranged on above-mentioned solid
Frame 31 is determined away from the side of rubber layer 1, and its one side for facing fixed frame 31 is flexible face, above-mentioned flexible face and above-mentioned force transmitting board
34 are connected, and above-mentioned counter-force fixed frame module 4 is set in outside each flat jack 35, and above-mentioned fixed frame 31 is solid with counter-force by screw
Determine frame module 4 to be fixedly connected, 35 external second dynamicliquid pressure unit 36 of above-mentioned flat jack, above-mentioned Background control computer passes through circuit
Connect above-mentioned second dynamicliquid pressure unit 36, on the cylinder body of each above-mentioned cylinder 33, be mounted on above-mentioned second displacement meter 37, and
The end of probe of above-mentioned second displacement meter 37 is horizontally directed to corresponding backing plate 32 and is in contact with it；Above-mentioned Background control computer can lead to
Cross the second dynamicliquid pressure unit 36 control flat jack 35 stretch face stretch, when 35 face of stretching of flat jack is stretched out, by force transmitting board
34 are delivered to corresponding cylinder 33, then are delivered to backing plate 32 by 33 expansion link of cylinder and cylindricality Rock And Soil test block to be measured is corresponding
There is creep in position, cylindricality Rock And Soil test block correspondence position to be measured, by 32 reverse extrusion expansion link of backing plate, make cylinder 33 stretch
There is relative displacement between bar and cylinder body, and relative displacement information is detected by corresponding second displacement meter 37 and backstage is fed back to
Control computer.
Above-mentioned force transmitting board 34 be provided with it is multiple through itself and with above-mentioned cylinder 33 correspond guide groove 341, above-mentioned cylinder 33
Cylinder body is provided with pressure control valve 331 away from one end of expansion link, and above-mentioned pressure control valve 331 is stretched in corresponding guide groove 341.
As shown in Figures 4 and 5, above-mentioned pressure control valve 331 includes pressure control valve cylinder body 3311, control 3312 and of valve piston
Butterfly spring 3313, above-mentioned 3311 one end of pressure control valve cylinder body are connected away from one end of expansion link with cylinder 33, and above-mentioned control valve is lived
Plug 3312 is arranged in pressure control valve cylinder body 3311, and is fitted with casing wall, and can be moved along casing wall, and above-mentioned butterfly spring 3313 is arranged
Control 3311 other end casing wall of valve piston 3312 and pressure control valve cylinder body between, and its two ends respectively with control valve piston
3312 and 3311 other end casing wall of pressure control valve cylinder body abut, above-mentioned pressure control valve cylinder body 3311 is provided with pressure relief opening
3314, above-mentioned pressure relief opening 3314 is located on the shift motion of control valve piston 3312, when in cylinder 33, pressure is higher than setting value,
In above-mentioned cylinder 33, gas push control valve piston 3312 is moved and compresses butterfly spring to 3311 other end of pressure control valve cylinder body
3313, in moving process, control valve piston 3312 is through pressure relief opening 3314, pressure relief opening 3314 and 33 airflow connection of cylinder, gas
In cylinder 33, gas Jing pressure relief openings 3314 discharge pressure release, and when in cylinder 33, pressure recovers to equal to setting value, butterfly spring 3313 is recovered
Deformation reversely promotes control valve piston 3312 to move over pressure relief opening 3314, and pressure relief opening 3314 is disconnected with cylinder 33 and being connected, let out
Pressure mouth 3314 stops pressure release.
Above-mentioned counter-force fixed frame module 4 is by multiple levels and equidistant spaced counter-force fixed frame 41 up and down is constituted,
Above-mentioned fixed frame 31 is fixedly connected with each above-mentioned counter-force fixed frame 41 by screw respectively, and above-mentioned first displacement meter 26 passes through
Support is fixed on the above-mentioned counter-force fixed frame 41 of the superiors.
The using method of the present invention, comprises the following steps：
1) Rock And Soil original position test block preparation, preparations cross section be foursquare column Rock And Soil test block, the length and width of test block
High to be respectively 0.5m, 0.5m, 1m, test block bottom is in home state and is undisturbed；
2) confined pressure loading subsystem is installed, confined pressure loading module is installed in each side of test block 1., specifically, by fixed frame
31 are arranged on corresponding test block per in side rubber layer 1, while it is gentle that backing plate 32 is installed in each pilot hole in fixed frame 31
Cylinder 33, and ensure that 33 expansion link of cylinder is abutted with corresponding backing plate 32 in horizontality, and telescopic rod end, and in each gas
Second displacement meter 37 is installed on 33 cylinder body of cylinder, and ensures that second displacement meter is connect with backing plate 32 in horizontality, and its end of probe
Touch, above-mentioned pilot hole arranges n altogether, 33 inner carrier area of each cylinder is S1, test block one side area is S；2. pressure control is installed
Valve 331, first, causes expansion link in cylinder body to be moved at maximum displacement manually, then installs 331 (now pressure release of pressure control valve
Mouth 3314 is with cylinder 33 in disconnection connected state), pressure control valve 331 limits pressure P1, according to test loading confined pressure P choosing
Take, i.e. P1=S × P/ (n × S1)；3. force transmitting board 34 is installed, it is ensured that its parallel to Rock And Soil test block side simultaneously with each cylinder 33
Cylinder body is closely contradicted away from one end end of expansion link, while ensure each pressure control valve 331 in guide groove 341, and by the
The communication wire of two displacement meter 37 is drawn by corresponding guide groove 341；4. flat jack 35 is installed, flat jack 35 is stretched, and (area is in face
S2) and 34 uniform contact of force transmitting board；Then, counter-force fixed frame module 4 is installed；Finally, flat jack 35 is connected into the second power fluid
Pressure unit 36, and the second dynamicliquid pressure unit 36 and second displacement meter are passed through into connection Background control computer；
3) installation axle pressure loading subsystem, first, it will thus provide cavern's top board chipping of counter-force so as to into horizontal and have
Larger area；Again top surface force transmitting board 21, jack 22, force-transmitting pole 23 and steel plate 24 are installed upwards successively by the top of test block, and
Ensure steel plate 24 smooth with cavern's top board and closely abut；
4) test loading and data record, first, apply confined pressure and axle pressure according to EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN, inside flat jack 35
The increase of hydraulic pressure, flat jack 35 is flexible to be subjected to displacement towards test block, and promotes expansion link to drive corresponding piston and 33 cylinder of cylinder
There is relative displacement between body；When 35 hydraulic pressure of flat jack reaches P2(P2=S × P/S2) when, in 33 cylinder body of cylinder, pressure reaches pressure
Strong control valve 110 limits pressure P1, and confined pressure reaches setting value P, now, closes the second dynamicliquid pressure unit 36, flat jack 35
Flexible face keeps current location no longer to move (fix cylinder 33 be allowed to cannot displacement), it is ensured that test block during creep test becomes
Shape space is provided by the relative displacement that expansion link and 33 cylinder body of cylinder occur；Realize subsequently, based on Background control computer axially compacted
The collection of deformed variants and the lateral Creep Deformation amount of multiple spot.It should be noted that expansion link displacement range need to meet confined pressure loading
And needed for test block deformation.
Above-mentioned cylindricality Rock And Soil test block section to be detected can also be circular, carry out shape to confined pressure loading subsystem accordingly
Shape is adjusted so as to be fitted close with test block outer wall.
In the present embodiment, the flexible deformation of creep space that abundance can be provided for Rock And Soil test block of 33 telescopic end of cylinder, by
Rock And Soil test block outwards constitutes change by backing plate 32, expansion link, second displacement meter 37, cylinder 33 and pressure control valve 331 successively
Shape measuring unit, and expansion link and second displacement meter 37 are in horizontality；The pressure in 33 cylinder body of cylinder of pressure control valve 331
It is closed during equal to setting pressure, when in cylinder body, air pressure is more than pressure values set by which, pressure relief opening 3314 and cylinder body
Airflow connection is with pressure release；When (not occurred level displacement) is fixed in cylinder body pressure-bearing side (away from the side of expansion link) bottom,
Test block occurs to cause the piston being connected with expansion link in above-mentioned expansion link and cylinder 33 to be subjected to displacement at the deformation of creep, so as to lead
Cause pressure in cylinder body to increase, when pressure sets pressure higher than pressure control valve 331 in cylinder body, automatically open up pressure relief opening 3314 and enter
Row pressure release is so as to realizing stablizing for confined pressure；The displacement of expansion link can reflect test block lateral deformation amount, be surveyed by second displacement meter 37
Amount；Expansion link displacement range need to be met needed for confined pressure loading and test block deformation.
32 area of backing plate of the deformation measurement unit of the present invention is less, and is covered with the backing plate 32 of multiple deformation measurement units
Rock And Soil test block side, realizing the globality to the Rock And Soil deformation of creep carries out real-time monitoring, and more three axis creep test is carried
For stablizing confined pressure, the backing plate 32 of deformation measurement unit takes as follows compared with small area reason：If the backing plate of single deformation measurement unit
Area is larger, i.e., single backing plate is larger to the monitoring range that test block side deforms, for the test block in single backing plate monitoring range,
When the only fraction of the test block in larger monitoring range deforms, then easily there is stress concentration at the deformation, so that test block
Meet with stresses at deformation more than set confined pressure, and remaining place that do not deform meets with stresses and will be less than set confined pressure.Therefore
And Rock And Soil (especially soft rock, the soil body or soil-rock mixture etc. easily occur the Rock And Soil of inhomogeneous deformation) creep test is directed to, it is single
The backing plate area of individual deformation measurement unit is larger to be difficult to provide stable confined pressure.Therefore, the backing plate area of deformation measurement unit is less
The truth of test block deformation can be more accurately reflected, but practical application is considered as the requirement of mechanical technology and cost.
If pressure control valve in the present invention 331 is replaced with servo-fluid press pump to be controlled pressure in above-mentioned cylinder body, together
When save flat jack, only by reaction frame and one side bottom directly contact of above-mentioned cylinder body pressure-bearing, also be capable of achieving process of the test in enclose
The SERVO CONTROL of pressure.But the present invention is based on the pressure control valve 331 installed at pressure relief opening 3314, it is ensured that confined pressure in process of the test
It is constant, more so that the whole system simple structure of the present invention and cost is relatively low.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：The present invention one kind be used for Rock And Soil large scale original position triaxial creep test system and its
Using method, has the advantages that：
(1) deformation measurement unit of the invention, can provide the deformation of creep space of abundance for Rock And Soil test block；
(2) the backing plate area of deformation measurement unit of the invention is less, and closely, is uniformly divided with multiple deformation measurement units
Rock And Soil test block side is distributed in, realizing the globality to the Rock And Soil deformation of creep carries out real-time monitoring, more Rock And Soil test block
Stable confined pressure is provided in creep process；
(3) application of pressure control valve so that whole system simple structure and cost is relatively low.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to limit the present invention, all spirit in the present invention and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc. should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of Rock And Soil large scale original position triaxial creep test system, it is characterised in that：Including axle pressure loading subsystem, confined pressure
Loading subsystem and Background control computer；
The axle pressure loading subsystem is arranged at the top of cylindricality Rock And Soil test block to be measured, has and use on the axle pressure loading subsystem
In the first displacement meter (26) for detecting cylindricality Rock And Soil test block Axial creep deformation quantity to be measured, the axle pressure loading subsystem and the
One displacement meter (26) is respectively by connection Background control computer, the Background control computer control shaft pressure loading subsystem pair
Cylindricality soil body test block to be measured provides axle pressure, makes cylindricality Rock And Soil test block to be measured that axial direction and lateral creep to occur, then by the first displacement
Meter (26) detects Axial creep deformation quantity and feeds back to Background control computer；
Be enclosed with rubber layer (1) on the cylindricality Rock And Soil test block side to be measured wall, the confined pressure loading subsystem enclose be located at it is described
Rubber layer (1) outer surface, has for detecting the lateral Creep Deformation amount of cylindricality Rock And Soil to be measured in the confined pressure loading subsystem
Multiple second displacement meters (37), confined pressure loading subsystem and multiple second displacement meters (37) pass through connection institute respectively
Background control computer is stated, the Background control computer control confined pressure loading subsystem provides lateral to cylindricality Rock And Soil test block to be measured
Confined pressure, then detect lateral Creep Deformation amount respectively by multiple second displacement meters (37) and feed back to Background control computer；
Counter-force fixed frame module (4) is arranged with outside the confined pressure loading subsystem, for side pressure being provided to confined pressure loading subsystem
Counter-force.
2. a kind of Rock And Soil large scale original position according to claim 1 triaxial creep test system, it is characterised in that：It is described
It is foursquare cylinder that cylindricality Rock And Soil to be measured test block is cross section.
3. a kind of Rock And Soil large scale original position according to claim 1 and 2 triaxial creep test system, it is characterised in that：
The axle pressure loading subsystem also includes top surface force transmitting board (21), jack (22), force-transmitting pole (23) and steel plate (24), the top
Face force transmitting board (21) is covered at the top of the cylindricality Rock And Soil test block, and the jack (22) is vertically fixed on top surface force transmitting board
(21) upper surface, its telescopic end set up, and the force-transmitting pole (23) is fixed on the jack (22) telescopic end, the steel plate
(24) it is fixed at the top of the force-transmitting pole (23), and abuts with external counter-force supporting mechanism, the counter-force supporting mechanism passes through
Steel plate (24) provides axial counter-force to force-transmitting pole (23) and jack (22), the external first hydraulic power list of the jack (22)
First (25), first hydraulic power unit (25) are led to by connection Background control computer, first displacement meter (26)
Cross support to be fixed on the counter-force fixed frame module (4), and its end of probe contacted with the top surface force transmitting board (21), it is described after
Platform control computer can control jack (22) telescopic end by the first hydraulic power unit (25) and stretch, when jack (22) stretches
When end is stretched out, under the effect of axial counter-force, jack (22) compresses axially cylindricality Rock And Soil test block to be measured.
4. a kind of Rock And Soil large scale original position according to claim 2 triaxial creep test system, it is characterised in that：It is described
Confined pressure loading subsystem loads module including four confined pressures, and four confined pressure loading modules correspond to the cylindricality to be measured respectively
Four sides of Rock And Soil test block, and offset with rubber layer (1), the counter-force fixed frame module (4) is set in four confined pressures
Outside loading module, in each described confined pressure loading module, multiple second displacement meters (37) are respectively provided with.
5. a kind of Rock And Soil large scale original position according to claim 4 triaxial creep test system, it is characterised in that：Each
The confined pressure loading module includes fixed frame (31), multiple backing plates (32), multiple cylinders (33), force transmitting board (34) and flat jack
(35), multiple backing plates (32) in matrix distribution in rubber layer (1) appearance of corresponding cylindricality Rock And Soil test block side to be measured
On face, two neighboring backing plate (32) the edge contact, rectangle and corresponding cylindricality to be measured that multiple backing plates (32) are formed
Rock And Soil test block side view and area are identical, and the fixed frame (31) is to match with the cylindricality Rock And Soil test block side to be measured
Rectangular frame structure, and be positioned close to the position of the backing plate (32), and corresponding with cylindricality Rock And Soil test block to be measured
Side it is parallel, there is in the fixed frame (31) multiple one-to-one corresponding with the backing plate (32) and the assembling in matrix distribution
Hole, multiple cylinders (33) are corresponded with the pilot hole, and multiple cylinders (33) are horizontally arranged at corresponding respectively
In pilot hole, and its expansion link is horizontally directed to the corresponding backing plate (32), and stretch out fixed frame (31) outward with corresponding pad
Plate (32) is abutted, and cylinder (33) cylinder body is stretched out outside corresponding pilot hole and abuts the power transmission away from one end of expansion link
Plate (34), the flat jack (35) are arranged on the fixed frame (31) away from the side of rubber layer (1), and which faces fixed frame
(31) one side is flexible face, and the flexible face is connected with the force transmitting board (34), and the counter-force fixed frame module (4) is set in
Outward, and the fixed frame (31) is fixedly connected with counter-force fixed frame module (4) each flat jack (35) by screw, the hydraulic pressure
The external second dynamicliquid pressure unit (36) of pillow (35), the Background control computer pass through the second dynamicliquid pressure list described in connection
First (36), are mounted on the second displacement meter (37), and the second displacement meter on the cylinder body of each cylinder (33)
(37) end of probe is horizontally directed to corresponding backing plate (32) and is in contact with it；The Background control computer can pass through the second power
The flexible face of hydraulic pressure unit (36) control flat jack (35) is stretched, when the flexible face of flat jack (35) is stretched out, by force transmitting board (34)
Corresponding cylinder (33) is delivered to, then backing plate (32) and cylindricality Rock And Soil test block pair to be measured are delivered to by cylinder (33) expansion link
The position answered, provides stable confined pressure to cylindricality Rock And Soil test block to be measured, when cylindricality Rock And Soil test block correspondence position to be measured occurs
During lateral creep, by backing plate (32) reverse extrusion expansion link, make cylinder (33) that relative displacement to occur between expansion link and cylinder body,
And detected relative displacement information and fed back to Background control computer by corresponding second displacement meter (37).
6. a kind of Rock And Soil large scale original position according to claim 5 triaxial creep test system, it is characterised in that：It is described
Force transmitting board (34) be provided with it is multiple through itself and with the cylinder (33) correspond guide groove (341), cylinder (33) cylinder body
Pressure control valve (331) is provided with away from one end of expansion link, the pressure control valve (331) is stretched in corresponding guide groove (341).
7. a kind of Rock And Soil large scale original position according to claim 6 triaxial creep test system, it is characterised in that：It is described
Pressure control valve (331) includes pressure control valve cylinder body (3311), control valve piston (3312) and butterfly spring (3313), the pressure
Control valve barrel body (3311) one end is connected away from one end of expansion link with cylinder (33), and control valve piston (3312) is arranged on
In pressure control valve cylinder body (3311), and fit with casing wall, and can move along casing wall, the butterfly spring (3313) is arranged on control valve
Between piston (3312) and pressure control valve cylinder body (3311) other end casing wall, and its two ends respectively with control valve piston (3312)
And pressure control valve cylinder body (3311) other end casing wall is abutted, the pressure control valve cylinder body (3311) is provided with pressure relief opening
(3314), the pressure relief opening (3314) positioned at control valve piston (3312) shift motion on, when the interior pressure of cylinder (33) is higher than
During setting value, interior gas push control valve piston (3312) of the cylinder (33) is moved to pressure control valve cylinder body (3311) other end
Butterfly spring (3313) is moved and compresses, in moving process, control valve piston (3312) is through pressure relief opening (3314), pressure relief opening (3314)
With cylinder (33) airflow connection, the interior gas Jing pressure relief openings (3314) of cylinder (33) discharge pressure release, when the interior pressure of cylinder (33) recovers
When setting value is equal to, the butterfly spring (3313) is recovered deformation and reversely promotes control valve piston (3312) to move over pressure relief opening
(3314), pressure relief opening (3314) is disconnected with cylinder (33) and being connected, and pressure relief opening (3314) stops pressure release.
8. a kind of Rock And Soil large scale original position according to claim 7 triaxial creep test system：It is characterized in that：It is described
Counter-force fixed frame module (4) is by multiple levels and equidistant spaced counter-force fixed frame (41) up and down constitutes, the fixation
Frame (31) is fixedly connected with counter-force fixed frame (41) each described by screw respectively, and first displacement meter (26) is by support
It is fixed on the counter-force fixed frame (41) of the superiors.
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| CN107907424A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-04-13 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | A kind of more of large scale Rock And Soil monitors servo pressurization bottom friction testing system in real time |
| CN109026092A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2018-12-18 | 三峡大学 | The impact of adjustable rigidity is unloaded can effect device and method |
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| WO2021248735A1 (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2021-12-16 | 山东科技大学 | Pressure maintaining device in rock creep impact and micro-crack scanning experiment, and experimental method |
| CN111982655A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-11-24 | 无锡市政设计研究院有限公司 | Experimental device and method for testing mechanical characteristics of rock and soil mass under dynamic load and static load effects |
| CN113188908A (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2021-07-30 | 山东大学 | Pre-support accurate pressure relief perception coal seam stoping simulation test device and method |
| CN113188908B (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2022-07-29 | 山东大学 | Pre-support accurate pressure relief perception coal seam stoping simulation test device and method |
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