CN106545344A - A kind of Karst area tunnel wall-hanging country rock face blast excavation method - Google Patents
A kind of Karst area tunnel wall-hanging country rock face blast excavation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106545344A CN106545344A CN201611121977.4A CN201611121977A CN106545344A CN 106545344 A CN106545344 A CN 106545344A CN 201611121977 A CN201611121977 A CN 201611121977A CN 106545344 A CN106545344 A CN 106545344A
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- periphery hole
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- country rock
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001300078 Vitrea Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019994 cava Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001550 time effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/006—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries by making use of blasting methods
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Karst area tunnel wall-hanging country rock face blast excavation method, periphery hole of the borehole design on the reliever and outline line of equally distributed arcuation in country rock；Start to arrange first row reliever from wall built-up country rock bottom；From first row reliever, equidistant three rows reliever is arranged in outline line direction from inside to outside；Shock dropping eye is set between reliever；Periphery hole is arranged in outline line region, periphery hole is in edge high density, middle routine is equally spaced；Uncoincided charge is carried out to reliever and periphery hole, reliever is respectively adopted different coefficient of charge powder charges from periphery hole；Reliever and periphery hole are coupled using parallel network, and millisecond detonating is controlled using detonating tube detonation system；Firing order according to reliever from inside to outside, order of the periphery hole from centre to both sides.The present invention efficiently controls blasting effect, maximization reduction profile on the basis of conventional blast and backbreaks.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of tunnel excavation method, quick-fried more particularly, to a kind of Karst area tunnel wall-hanging country rock section
Broken excavation method.
Background technology
Under normal circumstances, Highway Tunnel Construction excavation driving can take drilling and blasting method to be constructed, although Technology of Blasting
Certain benefit can be brought for engineering from cost and on the duration, but due to conventional blast strength control difficulty it is big, and can be to enclosing
Rock is produced and is largely disturbed, so as to be applied to the Tunnel Engineering of some special geologic conditions.
At present, with the expansion construction that China Higher level highway is southern westwards, Tunnel Engineering is inevitably run into rock
Molten location.In rare super-huge karst area, due to the karst Regional Geological Conditions complex passed through by tunnel, for tunnel
The excavation of road karst section is needed very with caution, and conventional conventional blast is likely to result in large-area solution cavity and caves in and tunnel contour
Backbreak phenomenon, blasting effect how is efficiently controlled on the basis of conventional blast, maximizing reduces that profile is backbreak and karst is empty
Area disturbs, while ensureing construction quality and economic benefit, it has also become a new challenge of karst section Tunnel Blasting construction.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to provide one kind and explosion effect is efficiently controlled on the basis of conventional blast
Reduction profile, should be maximized to backbreak with the disturbance of karst dead zone while ensureing that construction quality and the Karst area tunnel of economic benefit hang
Wall type country rock face blast excavation method.
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the Karst area tunnel wall-hanging country rock face blast excavation side that the present invention is provided
Method, comprises the steps：
The first step, according to conditions such as geologic prediction, excavated section shape, existing explosive, vibration velocity requirements to wall-hanging
Country rock section carries out borehole design, and the borehole kind of design includes equally distributed arcuation reliever and profile in country rock
Periphery hole on line, as the large area karst dead zone scope of freedom is present, snubber operation is omitted；
Second step, starts to arrange first row reliever from wall built-up country rock bottom；
3rd step, from first row reliever, outline line direction arranges that equidistant three rows reliever is second row from inside to outside
Reliever, the 3rd row's reliever and the 4th row's reliever；
4th step, arranges shock dropping eye between reliever, and first row shock dropping eye is located at described second row reliever and the 3rd
Between row's reliever, second row shock dropping eye is located between the 3rd row's reliever and the 4th row's reliever, the 3rd row's shock dropping eye
Between periphery hole and the 4th row's reliever；
5th step, arranges periphery hole in outline line region, and the periphery hole is in edge high density, equidistant point of middle routine
Cloth；Uncoincided charge is carried out to reliever and periphery hole, the reliever is respectively adopted different coefficient of charge dresses from periphery hole
Medicine；
Reliever and periphery hole are coupled using parallel network, and control elementary errors using detonating tube detonation system by the 6th step
Detonation；
7th step, firing order according to reliever from inside to outside, order of the periphery hole from centre to both sides, correspondence detonator section
Do not detonate successively.
In above-mentioned steps seven, blasting method is light face short-delay blasting method.
Described reliever uniform specification is Φ 40mm, and the adjacent trestle columns of the deep 2.8m of eye are 100cm, with the reliever arranged
Spacing is 90cm.
The quick-fried thickness degree of light between described periphery hole and described reliever is 62.5cm.
Described first row shock dropping eye, second row shock dropping eye with it is close described in the spacing of reliever be 40cm；It is described
The 3rd row's shock dropping eye with it is adjacent described in periphery hole spacing be 30cm.
Described shock dropping eye specification is Φ 40mm, and the spacing of the deep shock dropping eye for 4m, arranged together of eye is 90cm.
Described periphery hole arranges specification for periphery hole edge high density eye spacing 30cm, the eye spacing of periphery hole mesozone
60cm。
The powder charge adopts 2# rock dynamites, and the coefficient of charge of described reliever is q=0.35kg/m, described
The edge compact district coefficient of charge of periphery hole is q=0.15kg/m, and the mesozone coefficient of charge of described periphery hole is q=
0.2kg/m。
Described detonator adopts non-electric ms detonator propagation of explosion, and non-electrical instantaneous cap is adopted in hole.
While using low dose, using non-electrical msdelayed light emission detonator, it is coupled successively with parallel network from inside to outside, phase
Between adjacent described reliever, the millisecond detonating time is 100ms, and between described reliever, the millisecond detonating time is 20ms, institute
The millisecond detonating time of the periphery hole edge high density eye stated is 0.5-1ms, during the mesozone millisecond detonating of described periphery hole
Between be 1-2ms, the described intensive eye in periphery hole edge is 10ms with the millisecond detonating time of middle eye.
Characteristic of the present invention and beneficial effect：
First, slotting operation is saved by the characteristics of taking full advantage of existing karst dead zone section, by the cloth on outline line
Edge high density periphery hole is put, low dose dense holes can farthest reduce the disturbance destruction of explosion both sides karst dead zone and tunnel
Road outline line is backbreak；At the same time two row's shock dropping eyes are set between reliever, specifically the 3rd row is arranged in Guang Baoceng areas
Shock dropping eye, makes attenuation of seismic waves that refraction, reflection to occur by three drain holes, effectively weakens seismic wave energy, quick-fried so as to reduce
Broken vibration velocity reaches reduction and disturbs purpose to karst dead zone.
Secondly, reliever and periphery hole adopt Uncoincided charge, using relatively low under conditions of smooth explosion is ensured
Concentration of charge, with the shock dropping eye and between reliever, on the one hand can significantly reduce Explosive Vibrating Velocity, on the other hand using pre-
Split explosion principle reduce it is quick-fried fall country rock diameter, it is to avoid bulk country rock slagging-off difficulty needed for secondary blasting.
Finally, while using low dose, using non-electrical msdelayed light emission detonator, joined successively with parallel network from inside to outside
Knot, between adjacent reliever, the millisecond detonating time is 100ms, and between via hole, the millisecond detonating time is 20ms, and periphery hole edge is highly dense
Degree eye the millisecond detonating time be 0.5-1ms, the periphery hole mesozone millisecond detonating time be 1-2ms, periphery hole edge high density
Eye is 10ms with the millisecond detonating time of middle eye, coordinates low dose and shock dropping eye by this intersection timesharing detonation, most effective
Ground controlled blasting effect, reduces the damage of karst and country rock, has ensured construction safety.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is Karst Tunnel wall-hanging country rock sectional schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is explosion borehole and shock dropping eye arrangement schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is firing order schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is blasting network schematic diagram.
In figure：1- first row relievers, 2- second row relievers, 3- first row shock dropping eyes, the 3rd row's relievers of 4-, 5-
Two row's shock dropping eyes, the 4th row's relievers of 6-, the 3rd row's shock dropping eyes of 7-, 8- periphery holes edge compact district, 9- periphery holes mesozone, A
→ D-reliever fuze action zone, E → F-periphery hole fuze action zone, 10- solution cavities dead zone, the backfill of 11- dead zones, 12- detonators.
Specific embodiment
In order to it is apparent it is clear introduce technical scheme involved in the present invention, further illustrate below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The present embodiment schematic diagram is shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, in Fig. 1,10 be solution cavity dead zone, 11 be dead zone backfill, tunnel contour line and
Karst dead zone infall is highly prone to blast working disturbance, there is potential safety hazard；In Fig. 2, empty ocular shows shock dropping eye, solid eye according to
It is secondary for reliever and periphery hole；In Fig. 3, the numeral of hole side mark is that blasting cap correspondent section is other.The present embodiment is only illustrative
, it is not to limit as the scope of the present invention.
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the wall-hanging country rock face blast excavation method of Karst area tunnel, detailed step
It is as follows：
The first step, according to conditions such as geologic prediction, excavated section shape, existing explosive and vibration velocity requirements to wall-hanging
Country rock section carries out borehole design, borehole kind of design include in excavated section country rock equally distributed arcuation reliever and
Periphery hole on outline line, as the large area karst dead zone scope of freedom is present, snubber operation is omitted, and by single cycle
Drilling depth is controlled to below 3.0m.
Second step, starts to arrange first row reliever 1 from wall-hanging country rock bottom；
3rd step, from first row reliever 1, the equidistant three rows reliever of outline line direction arrangement arcuation is from inside to outside
Second row shock dropping eye 2, the 3rd row's reliever 4 and the 4th row's reliever 6；
4th step, arranges shock dropping eye between reliever, and it is auxiliary with the 3rd row that first row shock dropping eye 3 is located at second row shock dropping eye 2
Help between eye 4, first row shock dropping eye 3 is 40cm with the spacing of second row shock dropping eye 2；It is auxiliary that second row shock dropping eye 5 is located at the 3rd row
Help between eye 4 and the 4th row's reliever 6, the spacing of second row shock dropping eye 5 and the 3rd row's reliever 4 is 40cm；3rd row's shock dropping
Eye 7 is located between periphery hole and the 4th row's reliever 6, and the spacing of the 3rd row's shock dropping eye 7 and the 4th row's reliever 6 is 30cm；
5th step, arranges periphery hole in outline line region, and periphery hole edge high density Vitrea eye 8 is in dense holes arrangement, week
Side eye mesozone 9 is in conventional equidistant placement；Uncoincided charge is carried out to reliever and periphery hole, reliever is adopted respectively with periphery hole
With different coefficient of charge powder charges；
Reliever and periphery hole are coupled by the 6th step using parallel network, and are controlled using 12 initiation system of detonator micro-
Difference detonation；
7th step, explosion adopt light face short-delay blasting method, firing order according to reliever from inside to outside, periphery hole is by centre
To both sides, correspondence detonator section is not detonated successively.
Specifically, reliever uniform specification is Φ 40mm, and the adjacent trestle columns of the deep 2.8m of eye are 100cm, with the reliever of row
Spacing be 90cm.
Shock dropping eye uniform specification be Φ 40mm, the deep 4m of eye, empty eye spacing 90cm.
Periphery hole uniform specification be Φ 40mm, the deep 2.5m of eye, eye spacing 30cm of periphery hole edge compact district 8, periphery hole
Eye spacing 60cm of mesozone 9, the quick-fried thickness degree of light are 62.5cm.
Powder charge adopts 2# rock dynamites, and powder stick specification is 32 × 200mm of φ, and Uncoincided charge coefficient is 1.25, auxiliary
A coefficient of charge is helped to be q=0.35kg/m, the coefficient of charge of periphery hole edge compact district 8 is q=0.15kg/m, in the middle of periphery hole
The coefficient of charge in area 9 is q=0.2kg/m.
Firing order is to be detonated to F areas successively by A areas with reference to Fig. 3, and between adjacent reliever is arranged, the millisecond detonating time is
100ms, between reliever, the millisecond detonating time is 20ms, and millisecond detonating time of reliever to periphery hole is 40-50ms, periphery hole
The millisecond detonating time of each of edge compact district 8 is 0.5-1ms, and the millisecond detonating time of periphery hole mesozone 9 is 1-2ms,
The periphery hole of periphery hole edge compact district 8 is 10ms with the millisecond detonating time of the periphery hole of periphery hole mesozone 9.
The above is specific embodiment according to the present invention, on the basis of conventional blast, special by arranging
Shock dropping eye between the intensive eye of periphery and row, cooperation do not couple low dose powder charge, reach controlled blasting with the specific millisecond detonating time
Effect, reduces country rock and backbreaks and the disturbance of karst dead zone and damage, but the invention is not limited in the wall-hanging country rock explosion for referring to
Construction, can be widely used in the special karst face blast construction of karst landform underground engineering according to physical condition.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of Karst area tunnel wall-hanging country rock face blast excavation method, is characterized in that：Comprise the steps：
The first step, it is disconnected to wall-hanging country rock according to geologic prediction, excavated section shape, existing explosive and vibration velocity requirement condition
Face carries out borehole design, and the borehole kind of design is included in country rock on the reliever and outline line of equally distributed arcuation
Periphery hole；
Second step, starts to arrange first row reliever from wall built-up country rock bottom；
3rd step, from first row reliever, outline line direction arranges that equidistant three rows reliever is second row shock dropping from inside to outside
Eye, the 3rd row's reliever and the 4th row's reliever；
4th step, arranges shock dropping eye between reliever, and it is auxiliary with the 3rd row that first row shock dropping eye is located at described second row reliever
Help between eye, second row shock dropping eye is located between the 3rd row's reliever and the 4th row's reliever, and the 3rd row's shock dropping eye is located at
Between periphery hole and the 4th row's reliever；
5th step, arranges periphery hole in outline line region, and the periphery hole is in edge high density, middle routine is equally spaced；
Uncoincided charge is carried out to reliever and periphery hole, the reliever is respectively adopted different coefficient of charge powder charges from periphery hole；
Reliever and periphery hole are coupled using parallel network, and control millisecond detonating using detonating tube detonation system by the 6th step；
7th step, firing order according to reliever from inside to outside, order of the periphery hole from centre to both sides, correspondence detonator section not according to
Secondary detonation.
2. wall-hanging country rock face blast excavation method in Karst area tunnel according to claim 1, is characterized in that：It is above-mentioned
In step 7, blasting method is light face short-delay blasting method.
3. wall-hanging country rock face blast excavation method in Karst area tunnel according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that：
Described reliever uniform specification is Φ 40mm, and the adjacent trestle columns of the deep 2.8m of eye are 100cm, with the spacing of the reliever of row are
90cm。
4. wall-hanging country rock face blast excavation method in Karst area tunnel according to claim 2, is characterized in that：It is described
Periphery hole and described reliever between the quick-fried thickness degree of light be 62.5cm.
5. wall-hanging country rock face blast excavation method in Karst area tunnel according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that：
Described first row shock dropping eye, second row shock dropping eye with it is close described in the spacing of reliever be 40cm；The 3rd described row
Shock dropping eye with it is adjacent described in periphery hole spacing be 30cm.
6. wall-hanging country rock face blast excavation method in Karst area tunnel according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that：
Described shock dropping eye specification is Φ 40mm, and the spacing of the deep shock dropping eye for 4m, arranged together of eye is 90cm.
7. wall-hanging country rock face blast excavation method in Karst area tunnel according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that：
Eye spacing 30cm of the described periphery hole arrangement specification for periphery hole edge compact district 8, the eye spacing of periphery hole mesozone 9
60cm。
8. wall-hanging country rock face blast excavation method in Karst area tunnel according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that：
The powder charge adopts 2# rock dynamites, and the coefficient of charge of described reliever is q=0.35kg/m, described periphery hole
Edge compact district coefficient of charge is q=0.15kg/m, and the mesozone coefficient of charge of described periphery hole is q=0.2kg/m.
9. wall-hanging country rock face blast excavation method in Karst area tunnel according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that：
Described detonator adopts non-electric ms detonator propagation of explosion, and non-electrical instantaneous cap is adopted in hole.
10. wall-hanging country rock face blast excavation method in Karst area tunnel according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that：
While using low dose, using non-electrical msdelayed light emission detonator, it is coupled successively with parallel network from inside to outside, adjacent is described
Reliever between the millisecond detonating time be 100ms, between described reliever the millisecond detonating time be 20ms, described periphery
The millisecond detonating time of the intensive eye in edge of eye is 0.5-1ms, and the mesozone millisecond detonating time of described periphery hole is 1-
2ms, the intensive eye in edge of described periphery hole are 10ms with the millisecond detonating time of middle eye.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611121977.4A CN106545344B (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2016-12-08 | A kind of Karst area tunnel wall-hanging country rock face blast excavation method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611121977.4A CN106545344B (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2016-12-08 | A kind of Karst area tunnel wall-hanging country rock face blast excavation method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN106545344A true CN106545344A (en) | 2017-03-29 |
| CN106545344B CN106545344B (en) | 2018-09-11 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107133459A (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2017-09-05 | 华东交通大学 | A kind of computational methods of tunnel cumulative photoface exploision periphery hole parameter |
| CN108278939A (en) * | 2018-01-25 | 2018-07-13 | 安徽理工大学 | A kind of blasting method for reducing rock convergence measure and reducing blasting vibration |
| CN113250704A (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2021-08-13 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | Hard rock tunnel construction method |
| CN115355777A (en) * | 2022-07-11 | 2022-11-18 | 中铁十九局集团有限公司 | Tunnel construction method for reducing rock burst duration by inducing rock burst under high ground stress |
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| KR20070009375A (en) * | 2005-07-14 | 2007-01-18 | 오이환 | Tunnel high speed excavation method |
| CN102878876A (en) * | 2012-10-08 | 2013-01-16 | 江西稀有稀土金属钨业集团有限公司 | Mine roadway advancing and undermining method and main blasting parameters |
| CN103175451A (en) * | 2013-03-13 | 2013-06-26 | 中国建筑土木建设有限公司 | Construction method for controlling blasting through tunnel damping hole |
| CN104482815A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-04-01 | 中铁二十三局集团有限公司 | Tunnel smooth blasting method |
| CN105333778A (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2016-02-17 | 北车建设工程有限责任公司 | Medium-deep hole large-section composite cut blasting structure and method |
| CN205262309U (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2016-05-25 | 中车建设工程有限公司 | Compound undercutting blasting structure of big section of medium -length hole |
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| KR20070009375A (en) * | 2005-07-14 | 2007-01-18 | 오이환 | Tunnel high speed excavation method |
| CN102878876A (en) * | 2012-10-08 | 2013-01-16 | 江西稀有稀土金属钨业集团有限公司 | Mine roadway advancing and undermining method and main blasting parameters |
| CN103175451A (en) * | 2013-03-13 | 2013-06-26 | 中国建筑土木建设有限公司 | Construction method for controlling blasting through tunnel damping hole |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107133459A (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2017-09-05 | 华东交通大学 | A kind of computational methods of tunnel cumulative photoface exploision periphery hole parameter |
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| CN108278939A (en) * | 2018-01-25 | 2018-07-13 | 安徽理工大学 | A kind of blasting method for reducing rock convergence measure and reducing blasting vibration |
| CN108278939B (en) * | 2018-01-25 | 2019-11-05 | 安徽理工大学 | A kind of blasting method for reducing rock convergence measure and reducing blasting vibration |
| CN113250704A (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2021-08-13 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | Hard rock tunnel construction method |
| CN115355777A (en) * | 2022-07-11 | 2022-11-18 | 中铁十九局集团有限公司 | Tunnel construction method for reducing rock burst duration by inducing rock burst under high ground stress |
| CN115355777B (en) * | 2022-07-11 | 2023-08-22 | 中铁十九局集团有限公司 | Tunnel construction method for inducing rock burst to reduce duration time of rock burst under high ground stress |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106545344B (en) | 2018-09-11 |
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