CN106542598B - Solar sea water desalting device - Google Patents
Solar sea water desalting device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106542598B CN106542598B CN201710049845.3A CN201710049845A CN106542598B CN 106542598 B CN106542598 B CN 106542598B CN 201710049845 A CN201710049845 A CN 201710049845A CN 106542598 B CN106542598 B CN 106542598B
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- seawater
- collecting
- condensation
- water tank
- cover
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- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007770 graphite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/043—Details
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/138—Water desalination using renewable energy
- Y02A20/142—Solar thermal; Photovoltaics
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
Abstract
The invention discloses a solar sea water desalting device. The solar seawater desalination device comprises a seawater evaporation chamber; wherein the device also comprises a condensation collection cover, a microporous heat-collecting evaporation sheet and an annular water tank; the condensation collecting cover is positioned at the upper part of the seawater evaporating chamber and is used for collecting water vapor evaporated in the seawater evaporating chamber; the upper cover plate of the condensation collection cover is obliquely arranged; the lower part of the condensation collecting cover is provided with the annular water tank for collecting water condensed by the condensation collecting cover; the microporous heat-collecting evaporation sheet is positioned on the upper surface of the seawater in the seawater evaporation chamber; one end of the lower part of the seawater evaporation chamber is provided with a seawater inlet, and the other end is provided with a condensed water collecting port; the condensed water collecting port is positioned at the bottom of the annular water tank. The solar seawater desalination device provided by the invention can improve the efficiency and yield of solar seawater desalination.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of sea water desalination, and relates to a solar sea water desalination device.
Background
Water is a living source, the reserve of fresh water for human survival only accounts for 2.53% of the total global water, and along with the continuous deep globalization of economy, the industrialized process is accelerated, and the global demand for fresh water resources is growing; in contradiction, the water resource distribution of China is uneven, and the saline-alkali soil in partial areas seriously causes water quality water shortage. The sea water reserves are rich, the investment and development are economical, and the technology of sea water desalination by using clean energy such as solar energy is beneficial to energy conservation and emission reduction. The existing sea water desalting device has very complex structure and high manufacturing cost. The device for desalting the seawater by utilizing solar evaporation utilizes sunlight to uniformly heat all the seawater in the seawater evaporation chamber, so that the waiting time for realizing evaporation of the seawater is long, and the evaporation efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a solar sea water desalting device.
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a device for desalting sea water by utilizing solar energy. The device can utilize solar energy to desalt the sea water at a high speed, and is very suitable for the extreme environments without fresh water and fuel such as ocean islands.
The invention provides a solar seawater desalination device, which comprises a seawater evaporation chamber; wherein the device also comprises a condensation collection cover, a microporous heat-collecting evaporation sheet and an annular water tank;
the condensation collecting cover is positioned at the upper part of the seawater evaporating chamber and is used for collecting water vapor evaporated in the seawater evaporating chamber; the upper cover plate of the condensation collection cover is obliquely arranged; the lower part of the condensation collecting cover is provided with the annular water tank for collecting water condensed by the condensation collecting cover;
the microporous heat-collecting evaporation sheet is positioned on the upper surface of the seawater in the seawater evaporation chamber;
one end of the lower part of the seawater evaporation chamber is provided with a seawater inlet, and the other end is provided with a condensed water collecting port; the condensed water collecting port is positioned at the bottom of the annular water tank.
In the device, the inclination angle of the upper cover plate is 10-30 degrees, specifically 20 degrees, so that sunlight can conveniently penetrate and irradiate the microporous heat-collecting evaporation sheet.
The microporous heat-accumulating evaporation sheet is composed of a photo-thermal conversion material with holes of 100 micrometers to 1 millimeter or a graphite material, a graphene material, a carbon fiber material, a metal material or a metal oxide material with holes of 100 micrometers to 1 millimeter. The microporous heat-collecting evaporation sheet plays a role in collecting solar heat to evaporate seawater. The graphite material, graphene material, carbon fiber material, metal material or metal oxide material may be a sheet material or a film material.
The device also comprises a heat-insulating shell layer; the heat-insulating shell layer is positioned outside the seawater evaporation chamber.
The heat preservation shell layer also comprises a real-time temperature measuring device.
The condensation collection cover is connected with the seawater evaporation chamber through a groove-shaped bayonet. The bayonet can enable the seawater evaporating chamber and the condensation collecting cover to be connected in a sealing mode. The groove-shaped bayonets are more particularly mutually matched groove-shaped bayonets. Further preferably, a small amount of water can be contained in the groove-shaped bayonet of the upper opening of the seawater evaporation chamber for sealing.
The annular water tank is obliquely arranged in the condensation collecting cover.
The inclination angle of the annular water tank is 3-15 degrees. Specifically, the inclination angle of the annular water tank is 10 degrees. The inclination angle can enable the water outlet on the annular water tank to be positioned at a low position, so that the collected desalted water can flow out conveniently. Further preferably, the annular water tank and the condensation collecting cover are of an integrated structure.
The apparatus further comprises a temperature detection system;
the temperature detection system is positioned in the heat preservation shell layer;
the temperature detection system consists of a thermocouple array, a data connecting wire and a data acquisition system (DAQ Board), and can perform real-time temperature measurement on different height positions of the seawater evaporation chamber.
The invention has the technical characteristics and excellent effects that:
sunlight irradiates the microporous heat-collecting evaporation sheet at the upper part of the seawater evaporation chamber through the non-light-absorbing quartz upper cover plate, so that the energy of the light is utilized to the greatest extent. The microporous heat-collecting evaporation sheet is positioned on the upper part of the sea water to be evaporated, the microporous heat-collecting evaporation sheet has the characteristic of absorbing sunlight and heating, tiny quasi-continuous holes of the microporous heat-collecting evaporation sheet provide a steam overflow channel for the heated evaporation of water at the lower part, and simultaneously have the capillary action of extracting water to the upper part. The evaporated vapor is condensed in the annular water tank with a certain gradient in a smaller space of the condensation collecting cover, and the annular water tank has a guiding effect on water flow by utilizing gravity, so that condensed fresh water flows out through the collecting pipe as soon as possible, the collecting time is shortened, and the heat loss caused by backflow is reduced. In addition, in the convenience of operation, the device is also provided with a seawater supply tank which is communicated with the seawater evaporation chamber, seawater can be injected into the seawater evaporation chamber through the seawater supply tank, the liquid level is kept level, and the seawater supply tank has the effect of monitoring the water quantity in the seawater evaporation chamber. In order to further reduce heat dissipation and monitor the temperature distribution of different depths of the seawater evaporation chamber in real time, a heat preservation shell layer and a temperature detection system are arranged outside the seawater evaporation chamber. The device can obtain solar-driven seawater desalinated water at a high speed, and is very suitable for extreme environments without fresh water and fuel, such as ocean islands.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a sea water desalination device according to embodiment 1. In the figure, 1, an upper cover plate, 2, a condensation collecting cover, 3, a groove-shaped bayonet, 4, an annular water tank, 5, a collecting pipe, 6, a seawater evaporating chamber, 7, a microporous heat collecting evaporating sheet, 8, a seawater supply tank, 9, a water inlet pipeline, 10, a pipeline connecting piece, 11, a heat-insulating shell layer, 12, a thermocouple array, 13 and a data acquisition system. 14. A seawater inlet.
Fig. 2 is a top view of the condensate collection cover.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples, but the invention is not limited to the following examples. The methods are conventional methods unless otherwise specified. The starting materials are available from published commercial sources unless otherwise specified.
Example 1,
The solar seawater desalination device provided by the invention has a structure shown in figure 1, and comprises a seawater evaporation chamber 6, a condensation collection cover 2, a microporous heat-collecting evaporation sheet 7 and an annular water tank 4;
the condensation collecting cover 2 is positioned at the upper part of the seawater evaporating chamber 6 and is used for collecting the water vapor evaporated in the seawater evaporating chamber 6; the condensation collection cover 2 is connected with the seawater evaporation chamber 6 through a groove-shaped bayonet; a small amount of water is contained in the groove-shaped bayonet at the upper opening of the seawater evaporation chamber 6 to be used as water seal. The upper cover plate 1 of the condensation collection cover 2 is obliquely arranged, and the inclination angle theta is 20 degrees; the lower part of the condensation collecting cover 2 is provided with the annular water tank 4 for collecting water condensed by the condensation collecting cover; the inclination angle of the annular water tank is 10 degrees.
The microporous heat-collecting evaporation sheet 7 is positioned on the upper surface of the seawater in the seawater evaporation chamber 6; the microporous heat-collecting evaporation sheet is composed of a porous graphene film material with holes of 100 micrometers to 1 millimeter.
One end of the lower part of the seawater evaporation chamber 6 is provided with a seawater inlet 14, and the other end is provided with a condensed water collecting port; the condensed water outlet is positioned at the bottom of the annular water tank 4. The water outlet is positioned at the lower part of the inclined water tank, so that the collected desalted water can flow out conveniently, and the desalted seawater is collected by the collecting pipe 5. The collecting pipe 5 is led into a desalinated seawater collecting and storing tank.
The seawater inlet 14 at the lower part of the seawater evaporation chamber 6 is communicated with the seawater supply pool 8 through a pipeline. The outside of the seawater evaporation chamber is provided with a heat preservation shell layer 11. The inside of the heat preservation shell is provided with a real-time temperature measurement system which consists of a thermocouple array 12, a data connecting wire and a data acquisition system 13, and can perform real-time temperature measurement on different height positions of the seawater evaporation chamber.
The seawater supply pool 8 is filled with seawater, so that the seawater surface in the seawater evaporation chamber 6 is parallel to the seawater supply pool 8, the seawater is evaporated to the condensation collecting cover 2 by the heat generated by the sun irradiation microporous heat collecting evaporation sheet 7, and the condensed desalted water flows into the annular water tank 4 and is collected by the collecting pipe 5. The sea water desalting efficiency of the device can be greatly improved.
Claims (7)
1. A solar energy sea water desalination device comprises a sea water evaporation chamber; the method is characterized in that: the device also comprises a condensation collection cover, a microporous heat-collecting evaporation sheet and an annular water tank;
the condensation collecting cover is positioned at the upper part of the seawater evaporating chamber and is used for collecting water vapor evaporated in the seawater evaporating chamber; the upper cover plate of the condensation collection cover is obliquely arranged; the lower part of the condensation collecting cover is provided with the annular water tank for collecting water condensed by the condensation collecting cover;
the microporous heat-collecting evaporation sheet is positioned on the upper surface of the seawater in the seawater evaporation chamber;
one end of the lower part of the seawater evaporation chamber is provided with a seawater inlet, and the other end is provided with a condensed water collecting port; the condensed water collecting port is positioned at the bottom of the annular water tank;
the inclination angle of the upper cover plate is 10-30 degrees;
the microporous heat-accumulating evaporation sheet is composed of a porous graphene film material with holes of 100 micrometers to 1 millimeter;
the annular water tank is obliquely arranged in the condensation collecting cover;
the inclination angle of the annular water tank is 3-15 degrees;
the seawater inlet at the lower part of the seawater evaporation chamber is communicated with the seawater supply pool through a pipeline.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the inclination angle of the upper cover plate is 20 degrees.
3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises a heat-insulating shell layer; the heat-insulating shell layer is positioned outside the seawater evaporation chamber.
4. A device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the heat preservation shell layer also comprises a real-time temperature measuring device.
5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the condensation collection cover is connected with the seawater evaporation chamber through a groove-shaped bayonet.
6. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the inclination angle of the annular water tank is 10 degrees.
7. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the apparatus further comprises a temperature detection system;
the temperature detection system is positioned in the heat preservation shell layer;
the temperature detection system consists of a thermocouple array, a data connecting wire and a data acquisition system.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710049845.3A CN106542598B (en) | 2017-01-23 | 2017-01-23 | Solar sea water desalting device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710049845.3A CN106542598B (en) | 2017-01-23 | 2017-01-23 | Solar sea water desalting device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN106542598A CN106542598A (en) | 2017-03-29 |
| CN106542598B true CN106542598B (en) | 2024-02-09 |
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| CN201710049845.3A Active CN106542598B (en) | 2017-01-23 | 2017-01-23 | Solar sea water desalting device |
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Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109455698A (en) * | 2017-09-06 | 2019-03-12 | 南开大学 | Optical-thermal conversion material, preparation method and application based on graphene |
| CN108002625A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-05-08 | 深圳大学 | A kind of water treatment facilities based on ultrasonic wave |
| CN108423732B (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2021-02-19 | 浙江大学 | Solar sea water desalination and pollutant removal dual-function device |
| CN108569811A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2018-09-25 | 清华大学 | The device of sewage purification is carried out using solar energy based on optical-thermal conversion material |
| CN108585092A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-09-28 | 清华大学 | The ecological house device of solar energy production clean water is carried out based on optical-thermal conversion material |
| CN109368725B (en) * | 2018-11-05 | 2021-06-25 | 常熟理工学院 | Seawater absorption evaporation assembly and seawater distillation desalination device |
| CN109911964B (en) * | 2019-02-25 | 2021-06-11 | 华中科技大学 | Enhanced solar seawater desalination distiller |
| CN110194498B (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2024-01-05 | 浙江大学 | Solar photo-thermal sea water desalting device |
| CN110683603B (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2022-01-18 | 浙江海洋大学 | Preparation method of carbon cloth surface covered with copper-bismuth nano-particles for seawater desalination |
| CN110550679A (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2019-12-10 | 孙保兴 | Sea water desalting device |
| CN110642319B (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2022-09-02 | 广东工业大学 | Seawater desalination system |
| CN110963541B (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2021-04-13 | 西安交通大学 | Self-sustaining seawater desalination system and desalination method |
| CN113582273B (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2022-05-13 | 中国科学院化学研究所 | Evaporator for seawater desalination and sewage purification, water purification method and solar evaporation water purification device |
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| CN106542598A (en) | 2017-03-29 |
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