CN106532248A - Ultra-compacted microstrip patch array antenna - Google Patents
Ultra-compacted microstrip patch array antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN106532248A CN106532248A CN201611127672.4A CN201611127672A CN106532248A CN 106532248 A CN106532248 A CN 106532248A CN 201611127672 A CN201611127672 A CN 201611127672A CN 106532248 A CN106532248 A CN 106532248A
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- finger joint
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- feeder line
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/08—Radiating ends of two-conductor microwave transmission lines, e.g. of coaxial lines, of microstrip lines
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- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an ultra-compacted microstrip patch array antenna. The ultra-compacted microstrip patch array antenna comprises a dielectric plate, an antenna array and a metal floor, wherein the antenna array and the metal floor are arranged on the dielectric plate; the antenna array consists of more than two antenna array units; each antenna array unit comprises a feeder line and a radiation patch; a decoupling network is arranged between the radiation patches of every two antenna array units; and a certain gap is reserved between the decoupling network and the two radiation patches; and each decoupling network adopts an interdigital structure formed by a left comb tooth and a right comb tooth which are inserted oppositely. According to the ultra-compacted microstrip patch array antenna, the electromagnetic mutual coupling between the arrays can be greatly lowered while the excellent bandwidth performance of the antenna unit is ensured, so that the miniaturization of the antenna is realized while certain performance is ensured, so as to realize the ultra-compacted structure of the array antenna.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to antenna technical field, and in particular to a kind of ultra-compact Section of Microstrip Antenna Array.
Background technology
With the development of modern wireless communication systems, wireless terminal develops towards the direction of miniaturization always.For installation
In the micro-strip array antenna of mobile device terminal, we must by reduce unit size or reduce spacing between unit come
Adapt to this confined space.But, the reduction of array antenna unit spacing most directly affects to make between bay
Coupling increase.The energy of one unit can produce mutual coupling with array element around by media such as dielectric-slab, free spaces.It is this
The presence of mutual coupling will produce series to the radiance of antenna array to be affected, such as pattern distortion, resonance point skew, signal to noise ratio drop
It is low.
At present, the mutual coupling work reduced between aerial array is mainly analyzed in terms of two：1, by changing antenna itself
Geometry or array element arrangement mode causing the coupling between bay to reduce；2, by pasting in adjacent radiation
Extra structure is loaded between piece, the forbidden band of electromagnetic transmission is formed, so as to realize that mutual coupling suppresses.But, these methods are difficult
Realize ultra-compact aerial array (as the distance between adjacent patch is less than λ/10).
Additionally, the integrally-built miniaturization of antenna will be realized, the size of feeding network should do corresponding to radiation patch array
Compression.Generally, feed to realize constant amplitude homophase, the feeding network of array antenna serves as the dual work(of power splitter and phase-shifter
Energy.And the traditional phase shifter is typically with the method for accumulation of phase to realize, this is unfavorable for realizing antenna system
Miniaturization.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is that existing array antenna has that size is big and cell isolation degree is poor,
A kind of ultra-compact Section of Microstrip Antenna Array is provided.
To solve the above problems, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：
A kind of ultra-compact Section of Microstrip Antenna Array, including dielectric-slab, aerial array and metal floor；Wherein antenna array
Row and metal floor are arranged on dielectric-slab；Wherein aerial array is made up of the antenna array unit of more than 2, each antenna array
Column unit includes feeder line and radiation patch；A decoupling network is provided between radiation patch per 2 antenna array units, and this goes
Certain gap is left between coupling network and this 2 radiation patch；Each decoupling network be 2 left comb for plugging each other and
The interdigital structure constituted by right comb；Wherein left comb is identical with the structure of right comb, and both are separate；The left comb
With the finger joint composition of more than 2 of right comb by finger joint connecting line and positioned at finger joint connecting line the same side, the extension side of finger joint
To vertical with the bearing of trend of finger joint connecting line；The finger joint of left comb is located at the right side of finger joint connecting line；The finger joint position of right comb
In the left side of finger joint connecting line.
In such scheme, the finger joint of the finger joint and right comb of the left comb of each decoupling network alternates interval setting.
In such scheme, the length formed after being longer than all finger joints side by side by the length of finger joint connecting line.
In such scheme, decoupling network is located at the same layer of dielectric-slab with radiation patch.
In such scheme, feeder line is microstrip-type feeder line, back feed type feeder line or bottom feedback formula feeder line.
In such scheme, the feeder line of antenna array unit is provided with least one composite left-and-right-hand phase-shifting unit；Each is combined
Right-hand man's phase-shifting unit is made up of interdigital capacitor, trickle band wire and metallic vias；Interdigital capacitor string is located on feeder line, metallic vias
The vicinity of feeder line is arranged on, interdigital capacitor and metallic vias are connected by trickle band wire.
In such scheme, the number of the composite left-and-right-hand phase-shifting unit on different feeder lines changes successively.
In such scheme, between the feeder line and feed of antenna array unit, at least one T junction is provided with.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following features：
1., for the antenna array of different operating frequency range, can be improved between array element by the dimensional parameters of adjustment decoupling network
Isolation；
2. the electromagnetism mutual coupling between array element is reduced using proposed structure, can be by the Range compress between array element to less than 0.08
Times wavelength, reaches miniaturization purpose；
3. utilize the composite right/left-handed transmission line phase shifter, can solve the problem that phase shifter that traditional folding line is constituted it is taken up space compared with
Big problem.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of dimensional structure diagram of ultra-compact Section of Microstrip Antenna Array.
Schematic diagrams of the Fig. 2 for decoupling network.
Schematic diagrams of the Fig. 3 for composite left-and-right-hand phase-shifting unit.
Fig. 4 is the array antenna reflection coefficient S11 and coefficient of coup S21 pair for loading decoupling network and not loading decoupling network
Than figure (dotted line is emulation, and solid line is actual measurement)；A () is the aerial array for not loading decoupling network, (b) be loading decoupling network
Aerial array.
Fig. 5 is a kind of ultra-compact Section of Microstrip Antenna Array and the entirety S parameter emulation of miniaturization feeding network and actual measurement
Comparison diagram (dotted line is emulation, and solid line is actual measurement).
Fig. 6 is the far field direction of a kind of ultra-compact Section of Microstrip Antenna Array and miniaturization feeding network total normalized rate
Figure (dotted line is emulation, and solid line is actual measurement)；A () is H faces, be (b) E faces.
Label in figure：1st, dielectric-slab；2-1, finger joint；2-2, finger joint connecting line；3-1, feeder line；3-2, radiation patch；4th, it is T-shaped
Knot；5-1, interdigital capacitor；The trickle band wire of 5-2；5-3, metallic vias；6th, metal floor.
Specific embodiment
A kind of ultra-compact Section of Microstrip Antenna Array, as shown in figure 1, by dielectric-slab 1, aerial array, metal floor 6,
Decoupling network and feeding network composition.
Carrier of the dielectric-slab 1 as whole Section of Microstrip Antenna Array, is provided with aerial array, metal floor 6, goes
Coupling network and feeding network.Aerial array, decoupling network and feeding network are located at the upper surface of dielectric-slab 1, gold in the present invention
Possession plate 6 is located at the lower surface of dielectric-slab 1.The shape and size of dielectric-slab 1 according to the aerial array, decoupling network for being carried and
The shape and size of feeding network are determined.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, dielectric-slab 1 is shaped as convex shape, wherein type
The less region in the top of shape arranges feeding network, the larger area in the bottom of its size length × a width of 108mm × 23mm convex shapes
Domain arranges aerial array, its size length × a width of 150mm × 80mm.The thickness of dielectric-slab 1 is 0.8mm, and relative dielectric constant is
4.4, loss angle tangent is 0.02.
Metal floor 6 is the covering metal level being printed on dielectric-slab 1.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, metal floor 6
All standing is in the lower surface of dielectric-slab 1.Metal floor 6 is interacted with radiation patch 3-2 of antenna array unit, and both are common
Constitute double structure, it is ensured that the normal work of antenna.
Aerial array is made up of the antenna array unit of more than 2, for the structured metal layer being printed on dielectric-slab 1, often
The structure of individual antenna array unit is identical, and separate each other, i.e., exist between 2 antenna array units it is certain between
Away from.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the number of antenna array unit is 3.The size of antenna array unit is by dielectric-slab 1
Dielectric constant, loss angle tangent, thickness and operating frequency of antenna determine.In the present invention, each antenna array unit is by presenting
Line 3-1 and radiation patch 3-2 composition, radiation patch 3-2 need to be overlying on the surface of dielectric-slab 1, and feeder line 3-1 can adopt external
Form (such as the back of the body feedback or bottom feedback), it would however also be possible to employ be overlying on the form on 1 surface of dielectric-slab.Radiation patch 3-2 and feeder line 3-1
Directly or it is of coupled connections.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, radiation patch 3-2 and feeder line 3-1 are overlying on the surface of dielectric-slab 1
On, radiation patch 3-2 is shaped as rectangle, microstrip feed line 3-1s of the feeder line 3-1 for strip, radiation patch 3-2 and feeder line 3-
1 is directly connected to.
In order to reduce influencing each other between antenna array unit in limited size, the present invention is per 2 antenna arrays
A decoupling network is provided between radiation patch 3-2 of column unit, is left between the decoupling network and this 2 radiation patch 3-2
Certain gap.Suppression of the decoupling network to electromagnetic wave, but not by feed form limited.Referring to Fig. 2, each decoupling network
The interdigital structure being made up of 2 left comb for plugging each other and right comb.Wherein left comb is identical with the structure of right comb, and
Both are separate.The left comb and right comb are by finger joint connecting line 2-2 and positioned at the 2 of finger joint connecting line 2-2 the same sides
Finger joint 2-1 more than individual is constituted, and the bearing of trend of finger joint 2-1 is vertical with the bearing of trend of finger joint connecting line 2-2, and finger joint connection
The length formed after being longer than all finger joints 2-1 side by side by the length of line 2-2.Finger joint 2-1 of left comb is located at finger joint connecting line 2-2
Right side；Finger joint 2-1 of right comb is positioned at the left side of finger joint connecting line 2-2.Left comb and right comb can be using overall to inserting
Form or the alternately form to inserting.In the present invention, left comb and right comb are to replace to inserting, i.e. a left side for each decoupling network
Finger joint 2-1 of finger joint 2-1 of comb and right comb alternates interval setting.Decoupling network is by intersection finger joint 2-1 shape structure
The resonance structure of composition, its can in the limited space by adjust corresponding size (include finger joint 2-1 quantity N, width n,
Away from g2And connection line length L on both sidesresDeng), regulate and control transmission characteristic of the electromagnetic wave in the body structure surface.In some specific knots
Under the parameter of structure, Antenna Operation frequency range decoupling purposes are reached.
In order to provide appropriate power-division ratios and phase relation, so that antenna integrally has the antenna pattern for requiring,
The present invention also sets up feeding network, and the feeding network includes composite left-and-right-hand phase-shifting unit and T junction 4.Wherein composite left-and-right-hand
Phase-shifting unit is used to realize the phase matched between each antenna array unit that T junction 4 to be used to adjust between each antenna array unit
Power-division ratios.For the ease of parameter regulation, after the present invention needs the matching for first carrying out constant power to adjust, then to carry out constant amplitude same
The matching of phase is adjusted, that is to say, that feed first passes through T junction 4, then after composite left-and-right-hand phase-shifting unit, finally and antenna
Array element connects.
The present invention realizes the homophase feed of antenna using composite left-and-right-hand phase-shifting unit.Generally, homophase of connecting is presented
The realization of electricity is Phase delay between radiating element through a whole wavelength, i.e., the transmission line between 2 radiating elements is about one
Individual operation wavelength.In order to the homophase of ultra-compact aerial array feeds, the size of feeding network is also required to synchronous reduction, thus
The distance between feed port is inevitably resulted in less than a wavelength, and the use of folding line can be by phase accumulation come real
The effect of phase shift between existing feeding network port, but inevitably occupy more large scale.By setting up composite left-and-right-hand transmission
Line phase-shifting unit enables feeding network homophase to export electromagnetic wave, while ensure that compact structure.Come from the analysis method on road
See, constituting composite right/left-handed transmission line needs occur series capacitance and shunt inductance in double structure.In the present invention, it is combined
Right-hand man's phase-shifting unit is located on the feeder line 3-1 of antenna array unit.Referring to Fig. 3, each composite left-and-right-hand phase-shifting unit is by handing over
Refer to electric capacity 5-1, trickle band wire 5-2 and metallic vias 5-3 composition.Interdigital capacitor 5-1 strings are located on feeder line 3-1, interdigital structure energy
Series capacitance in composite right/left-handed transmission line is enough provided.Metallic vias 5-3 are arranged on the vicinity of feeder line 3-1, interdigital capacitor 5-1
Connected by trickle band wire 5-2 with metallic vias 5-3, trickle band wire 5-2 is connected to metal floor 6 by metallic vias 5-3, i.e.,
Shunt inductance can be provided.It is related to trickle band wire 5-2 by the relevant parameter (including e, s, lcap etc.) for changing interdigital structure
Parameter (includes lind and wind), and corresponding capacitor and inductor value will change.According to the correlation theory of composite right/left-handed transmission line, adjust
Whole corresponding capacitor and inductor value, can change electromagnetic wave along the transmission state of transmission line, reach phase shift purpose.Exist according to demand
Composite left-and-right-hand phase shift on the composite left-and-right-hand phase-shifting unit of different numbers, and different feeder line 3-1 is set on each bar feeder line 3-1
The number of unit changes successively, i.e., the change of the number of the composite left-and-right-hand phase-shifting unit on different feeder line 3-1 can be according to setting
Meter is required, is the variation relation of linear increment or non-linear increasing.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is most right positioned at dielectric-slab 1
Benchmark of the antenna array unit of side as all antenna array units, is not provided with composite left-and-right-hand phase shift list on its feeder line 3-1
Unit, is provided with 1 composite left-and-right-hand phase-shifting unit, the antenna array unit positioned between a left side on middle antenna array unit
On be provided with 2 composite left-and-right-hand phase-shifting units.
The present invention carries out constant power distribution using T junction 4.Be provided between the feeder line 3-1 of antenna array unit and feed to
Few 1 T junction 4, the T junction 4 is actually made up of 2 sections of microstrip lines, wherein the live width of one section of microstrip line is coarser than another section of micro-strip
The live width of line, is consequently formed T-shaped.In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, positioned at antenna array unit and the feedback of 1 leftmost side of dielectric-slab
1 T junction 4 is provided between source；Antenna array unit in the middle of dielectric-slab 1 and the antenna array for being located at 1 leftmost side of dielectric-slab
1 T junction 4 is provided between column unit, i.e., 2 are provided with equivalent between the antenna array unit and feed in the middle of dielectric-slab 1
Individual T junction 4；Lead between the antenna array unit of 1 rightmost side of dielectric-slab and the antenna array unit in the middle of dielectric-slab 1
The thick microstrip line connection such as cross, i.e., 2 T are provided with equivalent between the antenna array unit and feed of 1 rightmost side of dielectric-slab
Type knot 4.The output ratio of three output ports of feeding network after optimized parameter is 1：1：1.Feeding network overall structure
It is by power is divided into 1 respectively：2 and 1：1 two T junctions 4 are constituted.The advantage of 4 maximum of T junction is to fix an outfan
In the case of impedance (in the case that other conditions are constant, live width determines impedance), by changing input and another outfan
Impedance adjusting output work point ratio.So be conducive to being connected with the feeder 3-1 that impedance is 50 Ω.Wherein, impedance changes
Change is realized by live width, and in preferred embodiment of the present invention, the length of transmission line for changing live width is quarter-wave, to be adapted to
Impedance matching between T junction 4 and its connected transmission line.
The effect of the present invention is illustrated below by an instantiation：
Aerial array operating center frequency is 2.4GHz, and bandwidth of operation is more than 30MHz.Radiation patch 3-2 Distances Between Neighboring Edge Points are d
=10mm, about 0.08 times wavelength, the wavelength are free space wavelength under 2.4GHz frequencies.Feed port is located at 1 side of dielectric-slab
The size on side, wherein radiation patch 3-2：L=30mm, W=30mm, feeder line 3-1 width are 1.53mm.The size of decoupling network：
Lres=30mm, Wres=8mm, Wg=2.96mm, Ws=1mm, g1=1mm, g2=0.67mm, n=0.17mm.Decoupling network position
Between radiation patch 3-2, but it is not connected thereto, and is close to dielectric-slab 1.
The S parameter emulation of the antenna is with measured result as shown in figure 4, wherein Fig. 4 (a) is the antenna for not loading decoupling network
Array, Fig. 4 (b) are the aerial array for loading decoupling network.As seen from the figure, frequency 2.4GHz is operated in, the aerial array is adding
After having carried decoupling network, isolation S21 is down to -40dB or so.And in the case where mutual coupling high degree is reduced, the work of antenna
Bandwidth is impacted little.After Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 is for loading decoupling network and feeding network, near field is emulated with far field direction and measured result
Comparison diagram.Fig. 5 is S parameter comparison diagram.As can be seen that preferred embodiment of the present invention has very high with emulation data in terms of near-field results
The goodness of fit；Fig. 6 is normalized far field H faces and E faces comparison diagram.As can be seen that being loaded with the antenna entirety of decoupling network, day
Beta radiation main lobe half-power wave number width (HPBW) width E faces, H faces are respectively 40 ° and 70 °, substantially conform to array antenna direction
Property require.
The present invention carries out the decoupling between array antenna unit using the interdigital structure uncoupling network of mode of resonance, can be significantly
Degree reduces the electromagnetic coupled between adjacent radiation paster 3-2, in the case of the excellent bandwidth performance of antenna element is ensured, greatly drops
Electromagnetism mutual coupling between low array, it is ensured that in certain performance basis, reach the miniaturization of antenna, so as to realize array antenna
Ultra-compact structure.Utilize left-and-right-hand transmission line simultaneously, devise miniaturization feeding network, finally realize that aerial array is integrally tied
The miniaturization of structure.The present invention has the advantages that compact conformation, decoupling effect are good, easy to process.
It is described above principle, characteristic, function and the associated advantages of the present invention, it is pointed out that：Above emulation case
Example is merely to illustrate technical scheme, not limits.For one's own profession related personnel in the industry, without departing from this
On the premise of bright principle, the improvement for being carried out also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.Meanwhile, with reference to contracting than principle, the method
Remain able to for the electromagnetism decoupling problem in patch-type array antenna in other frequency ranges.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of ultra-compact Section of Microstrip Antenna Array, including dielectric-slab (1), aerial array and metal floor (6)；Wherein day
Linear array and metal floor (6) are arranged on dielectric-slab (1)；Wherein aerial array is made up of the antenna array unit of more than 2,
Each antenna array unit includes feeder line (3-1) and radiation patch (3-2)；It is characterized in that：
A decoupling network, and the decoupling network and this 2 spokes are provided between radiation patch (3-2) per 2 antenna array units
Penetrate certain gap is left between paster (3-2)；Each decoupling network is 2 left comb for plugging each other and right comb institute structure
Into interdigital structure；Wherein left comb is identical with the structure of right comb, and both are separate；The left comb and right comb are equal
By finger joint connecting line (2-2) and it is located at the finger joint (2-1) of more than 2 of finger joint connecting line (2-2) the same side and constitutes, finger joint (2-
1) bearing of trend is vertical with the bearing of trend of finger joint connecting line (2-2)；The finger joint (2-1) of left comb is positioned at finger joint connecting line
(2-2) right side；The finger joint (2-1) of right comb is positioned at the left side of finger joint connecting line (2-2).
2. a kind of ultra-compact Section of Microstrip Antenna Array according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Each decoupling network
The finger joint (2-1) of left comb and the finger joint (2-1) of right comb alternate interval setting.
3. a kind of ultra-compact Section of Microstrip Antenna Array according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Finger joint connecting line
(2-2) length formed after being longer than all finger joints (2-1) side by side by length.
4. a kind of ultra-compact Section of Microstrip Antenna Array according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Decoupling network and spoke
Penetrate same layer of the paster (3-2) positioned at dielectric-slab (1).
5. a kind of ultra-compact Section of Microstrip Antenna Array according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Feeder line (3-1) is
Microstrip-type feeder line (3-1), back feed type feeder line (3-1) or bottom feedback formula feeder line (3-1).
6. a kind of ultra-compact Section of Microstrip Antenna Array according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Antenna array unit
Feeder line (3-1) be provided with least one composite left-and-right-hand phase-shifting unit；Each composite left-and-right-hand phase-shifting unit is by interdigital capacitor
(5-1), trickle band wire (5-2) and metallic vias (5-3) composition；Interdigital capacitor (5-1) string is located on feeder line (3-1), metal mistake
Hole (5-3) is arranged on the vicinity of feeder line (3-1), and interdigital capacitor (5-1) and metallic vias (5-3) are connected by trickle band wire (5-2)
Connect.
7. a kind of ultra-compact Section of Microstrip Antenna Array according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：Different feeder line (3-
1) number of the composite left-and-right-hand phase-shifting unit on changes successively.
8. a kind of ultra-compact Section of Microstrip Antenna Array according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Antenna array unit
Feeder line (3-1) at least one T junction (4) is provided with and feed between.
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| WO2022083276A1 (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2022-04-28 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Antenna array assembly and electronic device |
| CN114498018A (en) * | 2022-03-04 | 2022-05-13 | 南通大学 | Low mutual coupling microstrip antenna |
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