CN109378592B - Broadband antenna array feed network with stable beam width and low side lobe - Google Patents
Broadband antenna array feed network with stable beam width and low side lobe Download PDFInfo
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- CN109378592B CN109378592B CN201811357566.4A CN201811357566A CN109378592B CN 109378592 B CN109378592 B CN 109378592B CN 201811357566 A CN201811357566 A CN 201811357566A CN 109378592 B CN109378592 B CN 109378592B
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- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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Abstract
The invention discloses a broadband antenna array feed network with stable beam width and low side lobe, which comprises a first dielectric substrate, a second dielectric substrate and a third dielectric substrate which are arranged from top to bottom, wherein the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate and the lower surface of the third dielectric substrate are respectively provided with a first conductor layer and a second conductor layer, a part of microstrip transmission lines on the first conductor layer and the second conductor layer are all formed into phase shifters, a part of microstrip transmission lines on the first conductor layer are formed into power splitters, the other microstrip transmission lines on the first conductor layer and the second dielectric substrate form two frequency selection circuits together, the first conductor layer is connected with an input port and a third output port, and the second conductor layer is connected with the first output port, the second conductor layer, the fourth conductor layer and the fifth output port. The invention realizes the characteristics of low side lobe of the radiation beam, good bandwidth characteristic, stable radiation direction, simple design, stable performance, low cost and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antenna feed, in particular to a broadband antenna array feed network with stable beam width and low side lobe.
Background
Due to the rapid development of wireless communication in recent years, the popularization of 4G technology, the hot of the Internet of things and the forthcoming of 5G are marked by the peak period of the rapid development of wireless technology. On the other hand, with the rapid development of electronic information, demands for communication quality, such as higher frequency bandwidth, narrower and constant beam width, and lower side lobe radiation, are increasing. The technology for solving these problems is mainly to develop antennas with various performances and feed networks of the antennas, so that research on the feed networks of the antennas has become one of hot spots in recent years.
The current common and convenient method for realizing the broadband is to use devices with broadband characteristics, such as a 3dB coupler, a power divider and the like; the common method for realizing the low side lobe radiation of the antenna array is to make the amplitude of the output port distributed in a conical shape, wherein the middle is higher and the two sides are lower.
2016, krzysztof Wincza et al published under the heading "IEEE Transactions On Antenna and Propagation" Broadband Scalable Antenna Arrays With Constant Beamwidths Fed by Frequency-Selective Networks "and adopted a three-layer laminated structure to realize a 3dB coupler with a wide frequency band, using one at f 0 To 2f 0 A circuit having a frequency selective characteristic therebetween, forming a stable waveBroadband feed networks of beam width, but the side lobe radiation of the structure is relatively high, especially at low and high frequencies.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, and provides a broadband antenna array feed network with stable beam width and low side lobe.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a broadband antenna array feed network with stable beam width and low sidelobe, is including three dielectric substrates that are parallel to each other and arrange from top to bottom, respectively for first dielectric substrate, second dielectric substrate and third dielectric substrate, the upper surface of first dielectric substrate is formed with first floor, and its lower surface is formed with first conductor layer, the upper surface of third dielectric substrate is formed with the second conductor layer, and its lower surface is formed with the second floor, a part microstrip transmission line on first conductor layer and the second conductor layer all forms the phase shifter, a part microstrip transmission line on first conductor layer forms the power divider, the other microstrip transmission line on first conductor layer and the second conductor layer constitutes two mutual symmetrical frequency selection circuits with the second dielectric substrate that presss from both sides, first conductor layer is connected with input port and third output port, the second conductor layer is connected with first output port, second output port, fourth output port and fifth output port, and all output ports have different frequency distribution and more stable beam radiation of wide frequency distribution and further.
Further, the power divider is in a cross structure, when signals are input from the input ports, the power of the output ports at two sides is the same, and the power of the output port at the middle is the sum of the output power at two sides.
Further, the frequency selection circuit is composed of two 3-dB directional couplers and two low-pass filters, wherein the two low-pass filters are positioned between the two 3-dB directional couplers and are respectively connected with the two 3-dB directional couplers.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. the feed network realizes stable radiation beam width and low side lobe in a wide frequency band, and impedance matching in a passband is good.
2. The feed network is composed of three layers, and the coupler is easy to obtain high coupling degree, so that wider bandwidth is generated, and the coupler is easy to debug.
3. The feed network is based on the improvement of the existing broadband feed network, no additional device is added, and the structure is simple and clear.
4. The feed network has the advantages of compact integral structure, simple processing, light weight, low processing cost and good application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a feed network structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a layout diagram of a feed network structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a diagram showing the structure of a power divider and its transmission characteristics used in the feed network of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a diagram showing a frequency selection circuit structure and transmission characteristics thereof used in the feed network of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a diagram of overall transmission characteristics of the feed network of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a comparison result of antenna array radiation patterns before and after the feed network is improved.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific examples.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the broadband antenna array feed network with stable beam width and low side lobe provided in the present embodiment includes three dielectric substrates, namely a first dielectric substrate 16, a second dielectric substrate 17 and a third dielectric substrate 18, which are parallel to each other and arranged from top to bottom; the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate 16 is formed with a first floor 15, the lower surface thereof is formed with a first conductor layer 20, the upper surface of the third dielectric substrate 18 is formed with a second conductor layer 21, the lower surface thereof is formed with a second floor 19, the microstrip transmission lines on the first conductor layer 15 and the second conductor layer 16 are formed into phase shifters 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14, a part of the microstrip transmission lines on the first conductor layer 20 are formed into a power divider 7, the rest of the microstrip transmission lines on the first conductor layer 20 and the second conductor layer 21 and the second dielectric substrate 17 sandwiched therebetween form two mutually symmetrical frequency selection circuits 8 and 9, the first conductor layer 20 is connected with an input port 1 and a third output port 4, the second conductor layer 21 is connected with a first output port 2, a second output port 3, a fourth output port 5 and a fifth output port 6, and all output ports have different signal distributions at different frequencies so as to obtain a wider working band and stable radiation beam.
The power divider structure is shown in fig. 3, and is a cross structure, when signals are input from the input ports, the power of the output ports at two sides is the same, and the power of the output port at the middle is the sum of the output power at two sides.
The structure of the frequency selection circuit is shown in fig. 4, and the frequency selection circuit consists of two 3-dB directional couplers and two low-pass filters, wherein the two low-pass filters are positioned between the two 3-dB directional couplers and are respectively connected with the two 3-dB directional couplers. The characteristic is that the signal is output to the output port on the right at the high frequency, and the signal is output to the output port on the left at the low frequency, and the transmission characteristic smoothly transits at the intermediate frequency.
The input port of the power divider 7 is connected with the input port 1 of the whole feed network, the left and right output ports of the power divider 7 are respectively connected with two frequency selection circuits 8 and 9, the lower left corner port of the frequency selection circuit 8 and the lower right corner port of the frequency selection circuit 9 are both connected with 50 omega of impedance matching, the two output ports of the frequency selection circuit 8 are respectively connected with the first output port 2 and the second output port 3 through phase shifters 10 and 11, the two output ports of the frequency selection circuit 9 are respectively connected with the fourth output port 5 and the fifth output port 6 through phase shifters 13 and 14, and the middle output of the power divider 7 is connected with the third output port 4 through a phase shifter 12. The phase shifter is composed of 50 omega impedance microstrip lines with different lengths, and the different lengths of the microstrip lines meet the condition that the phase difference between output ports is near 0 degrees.
The input port 1, the first output port 2, the second output port 3, the third output port 4, the fourth output port 5 and the fifth output port 6 are microstrip lines with 50 Ω impedance. The dielectric constants epsilon of the first dielectric substrate 16 and the third dielectric substrate 18 r =2.55, loss tangent of 0.0029, thickness h 1 The dielectric constant ε of the second dielectric substrate 17 is =1.5 mm r =2.55, loss tangent of 0.0029, thickness h 2 =0.25 mm.
Referring to fig. 5, simulation results of the transmission parameters of the feeding network in this embodiment are shown, where fig. (a) is an amplitude distribution diagram and fig. (b) is a phase difference distribution diagram. The distribution of S61 is the same as S21, and the distribution of S51 is the same as S31. As can be seen from the figure, in the working frequency bands from 2GHz to 4GHz, S11 is smaller than-20 dB, and good impedance matching is realized. At low frequencies the signals are mainly distributed at the output ports 2, 4 and 6, and the power of the output port 6 is twice that of the output ports 2 and 4, the phase difference between the output ports 2, 4, 6 is near 0 °; at high frequencies the signal is mainly distributed at the output port 3, the output port 4 and the output port 5, and the power of the output port 4 is twice that of the output ports 3 and 5, the phase difference between the output ports 3, 4, 5 being around 0 deg.. The transmission characteristics smoothly transition in the intermediate frequency band, thus achieving a stable radiation beam width and a low side lobe level in a wide operating band.
Referring to FIG. 6, a radiation pattern calculated by the 5-array sub-line antenna array connected to the output port of the feed network according to the present embodiment is shown, wherein the interval between the array elements of the antenna array is a low frequency f 0 1/3 wavelength in time vacuum. The graph (a) is a radiation pattern before improvement, and the graph (b) is a radiation pattern after improvement, and it can be seen that both realize stable beam width, but the side lobe level is higher, and the side lobe level is lower than-15 dB.
In summary, the invention utilizes the unequal power divider to reasonably distribute the amplitude of the output port of the feed network so as to reduce the sidelobe level of the antenna array radiation, has the characteristics of flexible design, small volume, low cost, stable output signal and small sidelobe level of the output signal, has practical application value and is worth popularizing.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, so variations in shape and principles of the present invention should be covered.
Claims (1)
1. A broadband antenna array feed network having a stable beamwidth and low side lobes, characterized by: the three dielectric substrates are respectively a first dielectric substrate, a second dielectric substrate and a third dielectric substrate which are parallel to each other and are arranged from top to bottom, wherein a first floor is formed on the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate, a first conductor layer is formed on the lower surface of the first dielectric substrate, a second conductor layer is formed on the upper surface of the third dielectric substrate, a second floor is formed on the lower surface of the third dielectric substrate, a part of microstrip transmission lines on the first conductor layer and a part of microstrip transmission lines on the second conductor layer are all formed into phase shifters, a part of microstrip transmission lines on the first conductor layer are formed into power splitters, two mutually symmetrical frequency selection circuits are formed by the other microstrip transmission lines on the first conductor layer and the second conductor layer together with the second dielectric substrate clamped in the middle, the first conductor layer is connected with an input port and a third output port, the second conductor layer is connected with the first output port, the second output port, the fourth output port and the fifth output port, and all the output ports have different signal distribution at different frequencies so as to obtain wider working wave beams and stable radiation wave bands; the power divider is of a cross structure, when signals are input from the input ports, the power of the output ports at two sides is the same, and the power of the output port at the middle is the sum of the output power at two sides; the frequency selection circuit consists of two 3-dB directional couplers and two low-pass filters, wherein the two low-pass filters are positioned between the two 3-dB directional couplers and are respectively connected with the two 3-dB directional couplers.
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| CN110112572B (en) | 2019-05-10 | 2024-01-23 | 华南理工大学 | Filtering power division and phase shift integrated antenna array feed network |
| CN111416214A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-07-14 | 成都多普勒科技有限公司 | High-gain millimeter wave radar antenna with wide horizontal visual field range |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101719599A (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2010-06-02 | 天津工程师范学院 | Array antenna of circularly polarized dielectric resonator |
| CN107482320A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-12-15 | 武汉虹信通信技术有限责任公司 | A kind of 5G large scale arrays antenna |
| CN207559072U (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-06-29 | 京信通信***（中国）有限公司 | A kind of 2 × 3 wideband butler matrix plates, butler matrix and multibeam antenna |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101719599A (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2010-06-02 | 天津工程师范学院 | Array antenna of circularly polarized dielectric resonator |
| CN107482320A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-12-15 | 武汉虹信通信技术有限责任公司 | A kind of 5G large scale arrays antenna |
| CN207559072U (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-06-29 | 京信通信***（中国）有限公司 | A kind of 2 × 3 wideband butler matrix plates, butler matrix and multibeam antenna |
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