CN106508520B - Pine needle pest control method for wetland pine needle broad mixed forest - Google Patents
Pine needle pest control method for wetland pine needle broad mixed forest Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/38—Solanaceae [Potato family], e.g. nightshade, tomato, tobacco or chilli pepper
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pine needle pest control method for a pine needle broad mixed forest of a wetland, which comprises the following steps: in the first spring of 1 month, planting slash pine and vernicia fordii, and spraying a forest tree protectant; planting Chinese ash in the spacing zone and manually breeding woodpeckers; spraying pyrethroid for many times in the same year in 6-7 months; in the same year of 8 months, artificially breeding the ash pied magpie; removing diseased seedlings and supplementing seedlings in 1-2 months in the next year; putting the pine moth trichogramma and the pine moth black oomycete in batches in 3 middle ten days of the next year; artificially breeding the ash pied magpie in 6 months of the third year; a black light lamp is arranged in the middle of each planting unit in the same year from 4 months to 10 months; loosening soil and weeding once per month in the first year and 3-9 months of the next year of the planting period. The method adopts a comprehensive control method of natural enemies, bionic drug control and physical control to comprehensively control pine hair insect pests of the wetland pine forest and improve the survival rate of the wetland pine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of forest pest control, in particular to a pine needle pest control method for a wetland pine needle broad mixed forest.
Background
The slash pine is a good broad-spectrum landscaping tree species, is drought-resistant, labor-resistant and barren-resistant, and has good adaptability and stress resistance, so that the slash pine is extremely widely distributed in the world, and large pieces of soil in the south of Shandong in China are suitable for planting; it is also a good economic tree species, the yield of the pine resin and the wood is high, and the average annual income per mu can be about 2000 yuan after ten years of planting, so the method is highly advocated by plant scientists all over the world. Is a fast-growing evergreen arbor, is native to coastal areas, ancient bars, central America and the like in southeast North America, and is favored to be grown in moist soil with the elevation of 150-500 meters. The slash pine has tall and beautiful appearance and dense leaf shade, is suitable for being planted in mountainous slopes and brook side banks, can be planted in a cluster, and is also suitable for being used as shade trees and background trees for courtyard, grassland solitary planting and cluster planting. It is also suitable for landscape forest and water and soil conservation forest.
Pine needle is a kind of insect of pine moth of Lepidoptera, Dendrolimus kikuchi Matsumura, Broussonetia papyrifera, Lepidoptera, Aphyllophorales, family Trichophyton, as a food. The length of the adult male moth body is 22-41 mm, the wing spread is 53-78 mm, and the adult male moth body is brown to dark brown; the female moths are 25-46 mm in length, 68-121 mm in wing spread, lighter in body color than the male moths and yellowish brown. Mainly distributed in Jiangxi, Fujian, Taiwan and Yunnan provinces of China. Mainly harmed slash pine. The pine needle forest is a historic forest pest in China, when the pine needle is eaten by larvae, a pine needle forest can be eaten by silkworms in a bright day in a large occurrence, the pine needle forest is withered yellow and scorched, the pine needle forest is burnt like a fire, the pine needle forest pest is often called as a 'non-smoking forest fire', the pine needle forest pest is damaged, the growth of the pine needle pest is influenced by light people, and the pine needle pest is withered by heavy people. In conclusion, the large-area outbreak of the pine caterpillars in the wetland is a disaster to the pine forest in the wetland, and a method for effectively preventing and controlling the pine caterpillars in the wetland is urgently needed, so that the large-scale outbreak of the pine caterpillars in the wetland is avoided, and the survival rate and the forest survival rate of the pine forest in the wetland are improved.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and to provide at least the advantages described later.
The invention also aims to provide a pine needle pest control method for the wide mixed forest of pine needles on the wetland, which adopts a comprehensive control method of biological control, bionic drug control and physical control to comprehensively control pine needle pests in the young tree period of the pine forest on the wetland, so as to prevent the pine needle pests from attacking the pine forest on the wetland in a large scale, improve the survival rate of the pine on the wetland, promote the pine needle pests to form a stable biological protection ecological environment in the first three years of planting, reduce the use of chemical drugs and reduce the environmental pollution.
To achieve these objects and other advantages in accordance with the present invention, there is provided a pine needle pest control method for a wetland pine needle broad commingled forest, comprising the steps of:
step one, in spring 1 month of the first year, interplanting slash pine and mallotus for one planting unit in slash pine forest land according to every 9-12 mu of land, arranging spacing zones with the width of 8-10m between adjacent planting units, and interplanting one line of mallotus for every two lines of slash pine in each planting unit, wherein the interplanting proportion of the slash pine and the mallotus is 8:3-4, the forestation density is 400-450 plants/mu, and the slash pine adopts annual first-level planting seedlings with the seedling height of more than 25 cm; the seedling of the oriental plane is 6 months, and the height of the seedling is more than 35 cm; spraying a forest protective agent after planting, wherein the spraying amount of the forest protective agent of each slash pine or mallotus is 150-250g, and the forest protective agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of industrial dextrin, 8-10 parts of tobacco shred soaking solution, 15-20 parts of at least eight-year-old slash pine needle soaking solution, 20-35 parts of ethanol and 4-7 parts of water;
step two, planting double rows of Chinese ash seedlings in the interval zone in 2-3 months of the same year, wherein the planted Chinese ash seedlings are at least 2-year-old Chinese ash seedlings, 1 Chinese ash is selected every 80-100 Chinese ash seedlings after planting in 3-4 months, an artificial woodpecker nest processed by a fresh Chinese ash section is bound on a branch close to the top end of the Chinese ash, and 2-3 pairs of woodpecers are artificially stocked in every three interval zone areas after the binding is finished; in summer of the same year, an artificial pecking nest processed by fresh Chinese ash sections is bound on Chinese ash of the spacing zones among 3-5 planting units which do not successfully enter the pecking nest, 1 Chinese ash is selected every 80-100 Chinese ash, one artificial pecking nest is bound on a branch close to the top end of the Chinese ash, and 1-2 pairs of pecking birds are manually stocked in every three spacing zones after the binding is finished; the artificial woodpecker nest is a hollow cylindrical wood section with a hole formed in the side wall of a peeled fresh Chinese ash section, a first cylindrical cavity with the depth of 35-45cm and the diameter of 11-13cm is formed in the cylindrical wood section in a manner of extending from the hole to one end in the cylindrical wood section, and a second cylindrical cavity with the depth of 10-15cm and the diameter of 11-13cm is formed in the cylindrical wood section in a manner of extending from the hole to the other end in the cylindrical wood section; and the side wall of the cylindrical wood section is provided with spiral concave grains; binding the first cylindrical cavity towards the lower end, and sleeving a U-shaped clamping piece at a position 2-4cm away from the lower end of the opening in the binding process, wherein the middle part of the U-shaped clamping piece is arranged under the opening in a protruding mode;
step three, spraying 3000-time spray of 2000-fold pyrethroid every 10-15 days in 4-5 months of the same year, and adding 3-5g of maltodextrin into 3000-time spray of 2000-fold of 1L of pyrethroid, wherein the spraying amount of each wet field pine is 150-fold and 250 ml;
step four, arranging 10-15 artificial magpie nests on the Fatong of each planting unit in the same year for 8 months, and artificially breeding 8-10 pairs of the ash pied magpies;
fifthly, in the next 1-2 months of the year, diseased seedlings are removed, diseased roots of the diseased seedlings are deeply ploughed and removed, then seedlings are replenished, pine moth eggs are manually cut off, then a forest protective agent is sprayed, and the spraying amount of the forest protective agent of each slash pine or mallotus is 170 g;
sixthly, in 3 middle of the year, 3-5 bee placers for the trichogramma dendrolimi trichogramma are uniformly and dispersedly arranged in each planting unit, and each bee placer is provided with 3-5 ten thousand prefabricated bee cards to be eclosized for the trichogramma dendrolimi trichogramma; then, uniformly dispersing 2-3 bee placers of the pine moth black-egg bees in each planting unit for 7-10 days, and placing 2-3 ten thousand prefabricated bee cards of the pine moth black-egg bees to be eclosized in each bee placer;
step seven, in the third year for 6 months, 8-10 artificial magpie nests are arranged in the planting units of the Fatong not successfully living in the ash magpie, and 3-5 pairs of ash magpies are artificially bred;
step eight, arranging a black light lamp in the middle of each planting unit in the third year from 4 months to 10 months, uniformly starting the black light lamps every 1 to 3 days, and removing trapped and killed pests on the second day;
step nine, loosening the soil and weeding once per month in the first year and 3-9 months of the next year of the planting period; loosening soil and weeding once every 40-45 days in 4-9 months of the third year.
Preferably, the preparation method of the tobacco shred soaking solution is that the tobacco shreds are soaked in 5 times of ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 10-20% for 18-20 hours;
the preparation method of the at least eight-year-old slash pine needle soaking solution comprises the steps of cutting the at least eight-year-old slash pine needles into pine needle particles with the particle size of less than 5mm, soaking the pine needle particles into 4 times of ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 15-20%, and soaking for 18-20 hours.
Preferably, the preparation method of the tobacco shred soaking solution is that the tobacco shreds are soaked in 5 times of ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 10% for 20 hours to prepare the tobacco shred soaking solution;
the preparation method of the at least eight-year-old slash pine needle soaking solution comprises the steps of cutting the at least eight-year-old slash pine needles into pine needle particles with the particle size of less than 5mm, soaking the pine needle particles into 4 times of ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 20% by volume, and soaking for 20 hours.
Preferably, the forest tree protectant comprises the following components: 2 parts of industrial dextrin, 10 parts of a tobacco shred soaking solution, 15 parts of at least eight-year-old slash pine needle soaking solution, 20 parts of ethanol and 7 parts of water.
Preferably, the interplanting proportion of the slash pine and the mallotus is 8:4, and the afforestation density is 400 plants/mu.
Preferably, the middle part of the U-shaped clamping piece is arranged under the opening in a protruding mode, and the width of the middle part of the U-shaped clamping piece is 3-4 cm.
Preferably, in the third step, 5g of maltodextrin is further added into the 3000 times of 2000-fold spray of 1L of pyrethroid, and the spraying amount of each wet field pine is 150 ml.
Preferably, in the fifth step, the amount of the forest protection agent sprayed per slash pine or macaranga tanarius is 150 g.
Preferably, the black light lamp is hung at a height of 3-4 meters.
Preferably, the artificial magpie nest comprises a base which is a nearly circular plate body; the enclosure extends upwards from the edge of the base by 2-4 cm; one end of each retaining column is fixed on the upper edge of the enclosure at intervals, and the other end of each retaining column extends upwards; the comb comprises a comb body, a plurality of baffle columns and a plurality of connecting rods, wherein the comb body is a nearly hemispherical groove with an opening at the upper end, the outer side wall of the comb body is detachably arranged with the baffle columns, the side wall and the bottom of the comb body are provided with a plurality of through holes with the hole diameter smaller than 5mm, and a layer of ash magpie feathers is laid at the bottom in the comb body; the artificial magpie is sprayed to be gray.
The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
in the first step, the wetland pinewood land is divided into a plurality of planting units, the Fang trees are planted in an intercropping mode, and the Chinese ash trees are planted around the planting units, wherein the Chinese ash trees and the Fang trees are broad-leaved fast-growing tree types, so that the fast forestation is facilitated, the canopy density of the wetland pinewood is improved, the growth of pine caterpillars is not facilitated, and the basis for ecological environment protection is laid for the wetland pinewood; spraying a forest tree protective agent after planting, so that on one hand, the saplings can be protected from being gnawed by pests or mice for a long time; on the other hand, the spraying of the mature pine needle soaking solution of the slash pine for at least eight years is also beneficial to attracting the natural enemy of the pine caterpillar to live in the slash pine forest, and the biological protection capability of the pine caterpillar is improved; in addition, the aim of planting the Chinese ash is to provide living and inhabitation places for the manually stocked peckers and the artificial pecker nests, after two times of stocking, a pair of peckers can live in every 2-3 planting units, the peckers are considered to successfully live in the artificial forest, and the manual stocking of the peckers is avoided;
when 6-7 first-generation larvae hatch, the pine moth is killed in time by adopting a bionic medicament, the killing rate is up to 90 percent, the large-scale outbreak probability of the pine moth in the current year is effectively reduced, and the addition of maltodextrin is favorable for the viscosity of pyrethroid spray, so that the pyrethroid spray is hung on pine needles and barks of slash pine, and the killing rate of the pine moth larvae is improved;
the outbreak period of pine moth is 6-7 months and 9-11 months of the current year, after the first larva hatching period of 6-7 months is killed by adopting bionic medicine, then the grey magpie is bred before the second larva hatching period of 8 months comes, and a natural enemy feed intake prevention and control method is adopted to effectively control the large-scale outbreak of pine moth, so that the grey magpie needs to be bred on the basis of the original introduction of the pecker to increase the natural enemy number of the pine moth;
in the process of manually shearing the pine moth eggs in the step five, the work of removing the pine moth eggs is heavy and easy to omit, so that after the artificial shearing, pine moth trichogramma and pine moth black oomycete bees need to be released twice respectively, the pine moth eggs are subjected to parasitization and large-scale killing removal, and the probability of large-scale outbreak of the pine moth is reduced again;
the comprehensive prevention and treatment of the pine trichomoniasis in the sapling period of the pine forest in the wetland through the steps from one to nine can effectively prevent the pine trichomoniasis from invading the pine forest in the wetland in a large scale, improve the survival rate of the pine trees in the wetland, promote the pine trees to form a stable biological protection ecological environment in the first three years of planting, reduce the use of chemical drugs and reduce the environmental pollution.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the artificial woodpecker nest according to the present invention, wherein the artificial woodpecker nest is further attached to the branches by binding;
FIG. 3 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the artificial magpie of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention by referring to the description text.
It will be understood that terms such as "having," "including," and "comprising," as used herein, do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or groups thereof.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the invention provides a pine needle pest control method for a wetland pine needle broad mixed forest, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, in spring 1 month of the first year, interplanting slash pine and mallotus for one planting unit in slash pine forest land according to every 9-12 mu of land, arranging spacing zones with the width of 8-10m between adjacent planting units, and interplanting one line of mallotus for every two lines of slash pine in each planting unit, wherein the interplanting proportion of the slash pine and the mallotus is 8:3-4, the forestation density is 400-450 plants/mu, and the slash pine adopts annual first-level planting seedlings with the seedling height of more than 25 cm; the seedling of the oriental plane is 6 months, and the height of the seedling is more than 30 cm; spraying a forest protective agent after planting, wherein the spraying amount of the forest protective agent of each slash pine or mallotus is 150-250g, and the forest protective agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of industrial dextrin, 8-10 parts of tobacco shred soaking solution, 15-20 parts of at least eight-year-old slash pine needle soaking solution, 20-35 parts of ethanol and 4-7 parts of water;
step two, planting double rows of Chinese ash seedlings in the interval zone in 2-3 months of the same year, wherein the planted Chinese ash seedlings are at least 2-year-old Chinese ash seedlings, 1 Chinese ash is selected every 80-100 Chinese ash seedlings after planting in 3-4 months, an artificial woodpecker nest processed by a fresh Chinese ash section is bound on a branch close to the top end of the Chinese ash, and 2-3 pairs of woodpecers are artificially stocked in every three interval zone areas after the binding is finished; in summer of the same year, an artificial pecking nest processed by binding a fresh Chinese ash section on Chinese ash in the spacing zone between 3-5 planting units which do not successfully enter the pecking nest is bound, 1 Chinese ash is selected every 80-100 Chinese ash, one artificial pecking nest 200 is bound on a branch 100 close to the top end of the Chinese ash, and 1-2 pairs of pecking birds are manually stocked in every three spacing zone areas after the binding is finished; the artificial woodpecker nest is a hollow cylindrical wood section with a hole 201 formed in the side wall of a fresh peeled Chinese ash section, a first cylindrical cavity 202 with the depth of 35-45cm and the diameter of 11-13cm is formed in the cylindrical wood section in a manner of extending from the hole to one end in the cylindrical wood section, and a second cylindrical cavity 203 with the depth of 10-15cm and the diameter of 11-13cm is formed in the cylindrical wood section in a manner of extending from the hole to the other end in the cylindrical wood section; and the side wall of the cylindrical wood section is provided with spiral concave grains; binding the first cylindrical cavity towards the lower end, and sleeving a U-shaped clamping piece 204 at a position 2-4cm away from the lower end of the opening in the binding process, wherein the middle part of the U-shaped clamping piece is arranged under the opening in a protruding mode; in the first step to the second step, the wetland pine forest land is divided into a plurality of planting units, the Fang is intercropped, and the Chinese ash is planted around the planting units, wherein the Chinese ash and the Fang are broad-leaved fast-growing tree species, which is beneficial to fast forestation, so that the canopy density of the wetland pine forest is improved, the growth of pine caterpillars is not facilitated, and the basis for ecological environment protection is laid for the wetland pine forest; spraying a forest tree protective agent after planting, so that on one hand, the saplings can be protected from being gnawed by pests or mice for a long time; on the other hand, the spraying of the mature pine needle soaking solution of the slash pine for at least eight years is also beneficial to attracting the natural enemy of the pine caterpillar to live in the slash pine forest, and the biological protection capability of the pine caterpillar is improved; in addition, the aim of planting the Chinese ash is to provide living and inhabitation places for the manually stocked peckers and the artificial pecker nests, after two times of stocking, a pair of peckers can live in every 2-3 planting units, the peckers are considered to successfully live in the artificial forest, and the manual stocking of the peckers is avoided;
step three, spraying 3000-time spray of 2000-fold pyrethroid every 10-15 days in 6-7 months of the same year, and adding 3-5g of maltodextrin into 3000-time spray of 2000-fold of 1L of pyrethroid, wherein the spraying amount of each wet field pine is 150-fold and 250 ml; when 6-7 first-generation larvae hatch, the pine moth is killed in time by adopting a bionic medicament, the killing rate is up to 90 percent, the large-scale outbreak probability of the pine moth in the current year is effectively reduced, and the addition of maltodextrin is favorable for the viscosity of pyrethroid spray, so that the pyrethroid spray is hung on pine needles and barks of slash pine, and the killing rate of the pine moth larvae is improved;
step four, arranging 10-15 artificial magpie nests on the Fatong of each planting unit in the same year for 8 months, and artificially breeding 8-10 pairs of the ash pied magpies; the outbreak period of pine moth is 6-7 months and 9-11 months of the current year, after the first larva hatching period of 6-7 months is killed by adopting bionic medicine, then the grey magpie is bred before the second larva hatching period of 8 months comes, and a natural enemy feed intake prevention and control method is adopted to effectively control the large-scale outbreak of pine moth, so that the grey magpie needs to be bred on the basis of the original introduction of the pecker to increase the natural enemy number of the pine moth;
fifthly, in the next 1-2 months of the year, diseased seedlings are removed, diseased roots of the diseased seedlings are deeply ploughed and removed, then seedlings are replenished, pine moth eggs are manually cut off, then a forest protective agent is sprayed, and the spraying amount of the forest protective agent of each slash pine or mallotus is 170 g;
in 3 middle-of-month ten-year, 3-5 trichogramma drone placers of the trichogramma dendrolimi are uniformly distributed in each planting unit, and each bee placer is provided with 3-5 ten thousand prefabricated bee cards to be eclosized of the trichogramma dendrolimi trichogramma; then, uniformly dispersing 2-3 bee placers of the pine moth black-egg bees in each planting unit for 7-10 days, and placing 2-3 ten thousand prefabricated bee cards of the pine moth black-egg bees to be eclosized in each bee placer; in the process of manually shearing the pine moth eggs in the step five, the work of removing the pine moth eggs is heavy and easy to omit, so that after the artificial shearing, pine moth trichogramma and pine moth black oomycete bees need to be released twice respectively, the pine moth eggs are subjected to parasitization and large-scale killing removal, and the probability of large-scale outbreak of the pine moth is reduced again;
seventhly, setting 8-10 artificial magpie nests in the planting units which do not successfully live in the ash magpie in 6 months of the third year, and manually breeding 3-5 pairs of the ash magpie;
step eight, arranging a black light lamp in the middle of each planting unit in the third year from 4 months to 10 months, uniformly starting the black light lamps every 1 to 3 days, and removing trapped and killed pests on the second day;
step nine, loosening the soil and weeding once per month in the first year and 3-9 months of the next year of the planting period; loosening soil and weeding once every 40-45 days in 4-9 months of the third year. On the basis of the first step to the seventh step, the black light lamp is used from the third year to trap and kill the adult pine caterpillars on a large scale so as to reduce the egg laying amount of the adult pine caterpillars and reduce the possibility of large-scale outbreak of the pine caterpillars on the egg laying amount.
The comprehensive prevention and treatment of the pine trichomoniasis in the sapling period of the pine forest in the wetland through the steps from one to nine can effectively prevent the pine trichomoniasis from invading the pine forest in the wetland in a large scale, improve the survival rate of the pine trees in the wetland, promote the pine trees to form a stable biological protection ecological environment in the first three years of planting, reduce the use of chemical drugs and reduce the environmental pollution.
In a preferred scheme, the preparation method of the tobacco shred soaking solution comprises the steps of immersing the tobacco shreds into an ethanol solution with the volume 5 times that of the tobacco shreds and the mass fraction of 10-20%, and soaking for 18-20 hours to obtain the tobacco shred soaking solution;
the preparation method of the at least eight-year-old slash pine needle soaking solution comprises the steps of cutting the at least eight-year-old slash pine needles into pine needle particles with the particle size of less than 5mm, soaking the pine needle particles into 4 times of ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 15-20%, and soaking for 18-20 hours.
In a preferred scheme, the preparation method of the tobacco shred soaking solution is that the tobacco shreds are soaked in 5 times of ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 10% for 20 hours to prepare the tobacco shred soaking solution;
the preparation method of the at least eight-year-old slash pine needle soaking solution comprises the steps of cutting the at least eight-year-old slash pine needles into pine needle particles with the particle size of less than 5mm, soaking the pine needle particles into 4 times of ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 20% by volume, and soaking for 20 hours.
In a preferred scheme, the forest tree protectant comprises the following components: 2 parts of industrial dextrin, 10 parts of a tobacco shred soaking solution, 15 parts of at least eight-year-old slash pine needle soaking solution, 20 parts of ethanol and 7 parts of water.
In a preferred scheme, the interplanting proportion of the slash pine and the mallotus is 7:4, and the afforestation density is 280 plants/mu.
In a preferable scheme, the middle part of the U-shaped clamping piece is arranged under the opening in a protruding mode, and the width of the middle part of the U-shaped clamping piece is 2-5 cm. The pedal support is provided for the woodpecker to enter the woodpecker nest, and the woodpecker nest can be bound and fixed to be firmer and prevented from falling.
In a preferable scheme, in the third step, 5g of maltodextrin is further added into the 3000-time spray of 2000-fold of 1L of pyrethroid, and the spraying amount of each slash pine is 150 ml.
In a preferred embodiment, in the fourth step, the amount of the forest protecting agent sprayed per slash pine or macaranga tanarius is 150 g.
In a preferred scheme, the height of the black light lamp is 3-4 m.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the artificial magpie comprises a base which is a nearly circular plate body; the enclosure extends upwards from the edge of the base by 2-4 cm; one end of each retaining column is fixed on the upper edge of the enclosure at intervals, and the other end of each retaining column extends upwards; the comb comprises a comb body, a plurality of baffle columns and a plurality of connecting rods, wherein the comb body is a nearly hemispherical groove with an opening at the upper end, the outer side wall of the comb body is detachably arranged with the baffle columns, the side wall and the bottom of the comb body are provided with a plurality of through holes with the hole diameter smaller than 4mm, and a layer of ash magpie feathers is laid at the bottom in the comb body; the artificial magpie is sprayed to be gray. The base of artifical magpie nest is used for the fixed stay nest body, and the nest body is fixed through enclosing fender and a plurality of bumping post detachable to convenient the change, one deck ash magpie feather is laid to the bottom in the nest body to improve the success rate of drawing of the ash magpie of stocking. The slash pine artificial forest planted by the method has no large-scale trichomoniasis outbreak in the young forest period of 1-3 years, and the survival rate of trees planted in three different planting units is shown in the following table 1:
TABLE 1
| Survival rate of slash pine (%) | Survival rate of Fatong (%) | Survival rate of Chinese ash (%) | |
| First planting unit | 82.3％ | 80.5％ | 93.1％ |
| Second planting unit | 78.4％ | 82.6％ | 92.7％ |
| The third planting unit | 79.6％ | 85.1％ | 94.5％ |
While embodiments of the invention have been described above, it is not limited to the applications set forth in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable in various fields of endeavor to which the invention pertains, and further modifications may readily be made by those skilled in the art, it being understood that the invention is not limited to the details shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. A pine needle pest control method for a wetland pine needle broad mixed forest is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, in spring 1 month of the first year, interplanting slash pine and mallotus for one planting unit in slash pine forest land according to every 9-12 mu of land, arranging spacing zones with the width of 8-10m between adjacent planting units, and interplanting one line of mallotus for every two lines of slash pine in each planting unit, wherein the interplanting proportion of the slash pine and the mallotus is 8:3-4, the forestation density is 400-450 plants/mu, and the slash pine adopts annual first-level planting seedlings with the seedling height of more than 25 cm; the seedling of the oriental plane is 6 months, and the height of the seedling is more than 35 cm; spraying a forest protective agent after planting, wherein the spraying amount of the forest protective agent of each slash pine or mallotus is 150-250g, and the forest protective agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of industrial dextrin, 8-10 parts of tobacco shred soaking solution, 15-20 parts of at least eight-year-old slash pine needle soaking solution, 20-35 parts of ethanol and 4-7 parts of water;
step two, planting double rows of Chinese ash seedlings in the interval zone in 2-3 months of the same year, wherein the planted Chinese ash seedlings are at least 2-year-old Chinese ash seedlings, 1 Chinese ash is selected every 80-100 Chinese ash seedlings after planting in 3-4 months, an artificial woodpecker nest processed by a fresh Chinese ash section is bound on a branch close to the top end of the Chinese ash, and 2-3 pairs of woodpecers are artificially stocked in every three interval zone areas after the binding is finished; in summer of the same year, an artificial pecking nest processed by fresh Chinese ash sections is bound on Chinese ash of the spacing zones among 3-5 planting units which do not successfully enter the pecking bird, 1 Chinese ash is selected every 80-100 Chinese ash, one artificial pecking nest is bound on a branch close to the top end of the Chinese ash, and 1-2 pairs of pecking birds are manually stocked in every three spacing zones after the binding is finished; the artificial woodpecker nest is a hollow cylindrical wood section with a hole formed in the side wall of a peeled fresh Chinese ash section, a first cylindrical cavity with the depth of 35-45cm and the diameter of 11-13cm is formed in the cylindrical wood section in a manner of extending from the hole to one end in the cylindrical wood section, and a second cylindrical cavity with the depth of 10-15cm and the diameter of 11-13cm is formed in the cylindrical wood section in a manner of extending from the hole to the other end in the cylindrical wood section; and the side wall of the cylindrical wood section is provided with spiral concave grains; binding the first cylindrical cavity towards the lower end, and sleeving a U-shaped clamping piece at a position 2-4cm away from the lower end of the opening in the binding process, wherein the middle part of the U-shaped clamping piece is arranged under the opening in a protruding mode;
step three, spraying 3000-time spray of 2000-fold pyrethroid every 10-15 days in 4-5 months of the same year, and adding 3-5g of maltodextrin into 3000-time spray of 2000-fold of 1L of pyrethroid, wherein the spraying amount of each wet field pine is 150-fold and 250 ml;
step four, arranging 10-15 artificial magpie nests on the Fatong of each planting unit in 5-6 months of the same year, and artificially breeding 8-10 pairs of the ash pied magpies; the artificial magpie nest comprises a base which is a nearly circular plate body; the enclosure extends upwards from the edge of the base by 2-4 cm; one end of each retaining column is fixed on the upper edge of the enclosure at intervals, and the other end of each retaining column extends upwards; the comb comprises a comb body, a plurality of baffle columns and a plurality of connecting rods, wherein the comb body is a nearly hemispherical groove with an opening at the upper end, the outer side wall of the comb body is detachably arranged with the baffle columns, the side wall and the bottom of the comb body are provided with a plurality of through holes with the hole diameter smaller than 5mm, and a layer of ash magpie feathers is laid at the bottom in the comb body; the artificial magpie is sprayed to be gray;
fifthly, in the next 1-2 months of the year, diseased seedlings are removed, diseased roots of the diseased seedlings are deeply ploughed and removed, then seedlings are replenished, pine moth eggs are manually cut off, then a forest protective agent is sprayed, and the spraying amount of the forest protective agent of each slash pine or mallotus is 170 g;
step six, uniformly and dispersedly arranging 3-5 bee placers of the trichogramma dendrolimi within 5-10 days after spraying the forest tree protective agent in the step five, and placing 3-5 ten thousand prefabricated bee cards of the trichogramma dendrolimi in each bee placer to be eclosized; then, uniformly dispersing 2-3 bee placers of the pine moth black-egg bees in each planting unit for 7-10 days, and placing 2-3 ten thousand prefabricated bee cards of the pine moth black-egg bees to be eclosized in each bee placer;
seventhly, in 6 months of the third year, 8-10 artificial magpie nests are arranged in the planting units of the Fatong not successfully living in the ash magpie, and 3-5 pairs of ash magpies are artificially bred;
step eight, arranging a black light lamp in the middle of each planting unit in the third year from 4 months to 10 months, uniformly starting the black light lamps every 1 to 3 days, and removing trapped and killed pests on the second day;
step nine, loosening the soil and weeding once per month in the first year and 3-9 months of the next year of the planting period; loosening soil and weeding once every 40-45 days in 4-9 months of the third year.
2. The method for controlling pine needle pest damage in the wetland broad commingled forest according to claim 1, wherein the tobacco shred soaking solution is prepared by soaking tobacco shreds in 5 times of ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 10-20% for 18-20 hours;
the preparation method of the at least eight-year-old slash pine needle soaking solution comprises the steps of cutting the at least eight-year-old slash pine needles into pine needle particles with the particle size of less than 5mm, soaking the pine needle particles into 4 times of ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 15-20%, and soaking for 18-20 hours.
3. The method for preventing and treating pine needle pest damage in the wetland broad commingled forest according to claim 2, wherein the tobacco shred soaking solution is prepared by soaking tobacco shreds in 5 times by volume of 10% ethanol solution by mass for 20 hours;
the preparation method of the at least eight-year-old slash pine needle soaking solution comprises the steps of cutting the at least eight-year-old slash pine needles into pine needle particles with the particle size of less than 5mm, soaking the pine needle particles into 4 times of ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 20% by volume, and soaking for 20 hours.
4. The method for controlling pine needle pine broad-mixed forest pine needle pests in wetland according to claim 1, wherein the forest protective agent comprises the following components: 2 parts of industrial dextrin, 10 parts of a tobacco shred soaking solution, 15 parts of at least eight-year-old slash pine needle soaking solution, 20 parts of ethanol and 7 parts of water.
5. The method for controlling pine needle pine broad-mixed forests according to claim 1, wherein the interplanting proportion of the slash pine and the mallotus is 8:4, and the afforestation density is 400 plants/mu.
6. The method for controlling pine needle pine broad-mixed forests according to claim 1, wherein the middle part of the U-shaped clamping piece is arranged under the opening in a protruding manner, and the width of the middle part of the U-shaped clamping piece is 3-4 cm.
7. The method for controlling pine needle pest damage in the wetland pine needle broad mixed forest as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the third step, 5g of maltodextrin is further added into the spray of 2000-3000 times of 1L of pyrethroid, and the spraying amount of each slash pine is 150 ml.
8. The method for controlling pine needle pest damage in wetland broad commingled forests according to claim 1, wherein in the fifth step, the spraying amount of the wood protectant for each slash pine or macaranga tanarius is 150 g.
9. The method for controlling pine needle pest damage in wetland broad mixed forest according to claim 1, wherein the black light lamp is hung at a height of 3-4 m.
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| CN107439319B (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2020-06-09 | 中南林业科技大学 | Cultivation method for cultivating high-quality dry shape of forest |
| CN108651390A (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2018-10-16 | 浙江省农业科学院 | The integrated control technique of disease in a kind of dendrolimus punctatus artificial feeding |
| CN110463557B (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2021-10-01 | 广西红树林研究中心 | Method for preventing and treating mangrove forest insect damage by attracting bat through Washington palm |
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| CN1439272A (en) * | 2003-03-21 | 2003-09-03 | 张春美 | Woods protective agent |
| CN104542130A (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2015-04-29 | 安徽格林亲子农庄有限公司 | Prevention and treatment method for longhorn beetle insect pests of poplars |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1439272A (en) * | 2003-03-21 | 2003-09-03 | 张春美 | Woods protective agent |
| CN104542130A (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2015-04-29 | 安徽格林亲子农庄有限公司 | Prevention and treatment method for longhorn beetle insect pests of poplars |
| CN104920318A (en) * | 2015-05-24 | 2015-09-23 | 安政辉 | Control method of sugarcane borers |
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