Multi-functional material loading, transferring and scattering device
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device for material scattering, transferring, loosening and fertilizing, in particular to a multifunctional material loading, transferring and spreading device.
Background
With the development of science and technology, the investment of agricultural infrastructure is continuously increased, but the level of mechanized operation is lower, most operations still depend on manual labor, the intensity is high, the efficiency is low, the working environment is poor, and the material scattering and transferring, the soil loosening and the fertilizer application are basic operations. In recent years, with the gradual reduction of agricultural labor, a batch of cultivation machines are introduced and developed domestically, and the use efficiency of the machines is improved. But has the problems of complex structure, poor reliability, poor adaptability, single function and the like. The interchangeable material loading, transferring and spreading device provided by the invention has the advantages of compact structure, low gravity center, low self weight, complete functions, flexible and convenient use, high efficiency and high interchangeability, and adopts a pushing type to unload and transfer goods.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a material transferring and spreading device which is compact in structure, excellent in stability, complete in function, high in interchangeability, flexible and convenient.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a multi-functional material loading, transferring and dispensing device comprising: the device comprises a carriage, a rear wall suspension system, a soil loosening and fertilizing suspension system, a roller shutter type hood, a chassis supporting frame, a traction device and a vehicle body chassis; the carriage is arranged on the chassis supporting frame, the chassis supporting frame is fixed on the vehicle body chassis, and the traction device drives the vehicle body chassis; the carriage comprises a carriage I and a carriage II, the carriage I is of a square structure, the carriage II is of a cylindrical structure, and the carriage I and the carriage II are respectively connected with the chassis supporting frame in an interchange manner; the soil loosening and fertilizing suspension system is suspended at the tail part of the carriage II and comprises a spiral distributor I, an upper connecting rod I, a vertical connecting rod I, a lower connecting rod I, a thin conveying pipe I, a support frame I, a soil loosening disc device, a hydraulic cylinder I, a hydraulic cylinder II and a spray head I; the bottom end of the spiral distributor I is provided with a circular hole connected with the thin conveying pipes I, liquid fertilizer is uniformly distributed into the thin conveying pipes I through the flow dividing effect of the spiral distributor I, the thin conveying pipes I are connected with the spray head I through threads, the spray head I is fixedly arranged on the support frame I, and the spray head I is an atomizing spray head and uniformly disperses the liquid fertilizer; the soil loosening disc device is also arranged at the bottom of the support frame I; the rear wall suspension system is suspended at the tail part of the carriage I and comprises a hydraulic rear wall spreading device and a hydraulic rear wall transferring device; the hydraulic rear wall spreading device and the hydraulic rear wall transferring device are respectively hung at the tail of the carriage I, when fertilizer spreading is needed, the hydraulic rear wall spreading device is hung at the tail of the carriage I, and when material transferring is needed, the hydraulic rear wall transferring device is hung at the tail of the carriage I; the roller shutter type hood is installed on the carriage I.
The carriage I comprises a vehicle body frame, a vehicle body bottom plate, a vehicle body side plate, a vehicle body front wall plate and a vehicle body turnable top plate, wherein the vehicle body frame is formed by welding high-strength square tubes and has extremely high torsion resistance; the top end of the side plate of the vehicle body is provided with a turnover top plate of the vehicle body, the turnover top plate of the vehicle body is connected with the side plate of the vehicle body through a gear rack structure, a gear is connected with a transverse shaft of the turnover top plate of the vehicle body, the transverse shaft of the turnover top plate of the vehicle body is parallel to the side plate of the vehicle body, a rack is fixed on the frame of the vehicle body, a motor drives the rack to move up and down, and the rack drives the gear to rotate, so that the turnover and lifting of the turnover top plate of the vehicle body are realized; sealing linear guide rails are arranged on two sides of the vehicle body bottom plate, the vehicle body front wall plate is provided with two layers of an outer front wall and an inner front wall, the outer front wall is fixedly connected with the vehicle body frame, two sliding blocks are respectively arranged at the bottom end and the top end of the inner front wall, the two sliding blocks at the bottom end of the inner front wall are connected with the sealing linear guide rails on the two sides of the vehicle body bottom plate, the two sliding blocks at the top end of the inner front wall are respectively connected with the linear guide rails on the inner walls of the vehicle body side plates, a hydraulic pushing device is installed at the bottom end of the vehicle body front wall plate and fixed on the outer front wall of the vehicle body front wall plate, a cylinder rod of the hydraulic pushing device is connected with the inner front wall of the vehicle body front wall plate, and the hydraulic pushing device works to push the inner front wall of the vehicle body front wall plate to move in the carriage I; the front wall plate of the vehicle body is provided with a telescopic ladder stand, and a square front window is arranged at the position of the front wall plate of the vehicle body from 1.0 m, so that goods can be observed from the cab conveniently; carriage I's inside is hung and is prevented falling the baffle, prevent falling the baffle and can dismantle, when the easy goods that bump that fall of delivery, carry out the damping through preventing falling the baffle and prevent falling the goods.
Further, the hydraulic back wall applicator device comprises: the hydraulic rear wall comprises a hydraulic rear wall base, a hydraulic rear wall, a corner support, a rear wall oil cylinder and a spreading spiral device; the hydraulic rear wall is connected with the carriage I through the corner support; the spreading spiral device is installed on the hydraulic rear wall base, the hydraulic rear wall base is fixed on a vehicle body bottom plate of the carriage I, cylinder bases of the two rear wall oil cylinders are respectively fixed in grooves at the top ends of vehicle body side plates of the carriage I, oil cylinder rods of the two rear wall oil cylinders are abutted to buckles of the hydraulic rear wall, the hydraulic rear wall spreading device is further provided with an automatic locking system for controlling the oil cylinder rods of the two rear wall oil cylinders to extend out, the hydraulic rear wall is firstly vertically lifted for a certain distance and then is opened outwards, and the maximum opening angle of the hydraulic rear wall is 90 degrees; the spreading spiral device consists of two upright posts with four layers of worm gear spirals, and the worm gear spirals of the spreading spiral device are controlled to rotate simultaneously to spread the pushed fertilizer; after fertilizer is completely spread, oil cylinder rods of the two rear wall oil cylinders are controlled to retract, the hydraulic rear wall slowly falls until the two rear wall oil cylinders all fall into a groove at the top end of a side plate of a vehicle body of the carriage I, the hydraulic rear wall completely falls, an automatic locking system of the hydraulic rear wall spreading device is started, and the carriage I and the hydraulic rear wall are combined into a whole; the hydraulic rear wall transferring device comprises a transferring pipeline, a transferring rear wall, a transferring hydraulic cylinder and a transferring power device; the transportation pipeline is beta structure, the transportation pipeline includes transportation pipeline and transport pipeline down, go up the transportation pipeline with the transportation pipeline passes through hinged joint down, down the transportation pipeline with transport the exit linkage of back wall, it arranges in to transport power device the lower extreme of transporting the pipeline down, it fixes to transport the pneumatic cylinder down on the transportation pipeline, the jar pole of transporting the pneumatic cylinder with go up the leg joint of transporting the pipeline, through the flexible realization of the jar pole of transporting the pneumatic cylinder transport the folding of pipeline and open, transport the back wall with carriage I connects.
The soil loosening disc device comprises a rotating shaft I, a motor I, a clutch II, a clutch III and soil loosening discs, wherein the motor I is connected with the rotating shaft I through the clutch I, the motor I is fixed on the support frame I, the rotating shaft I is divided into three sections, each two sections are connected together through the clutch II and the clutch III respectively, the rotating shaft I is connected with the support frame I through a bearing support, an Archimedes worm spiral line is arranged on the rotating shaft I, the soil loosening discs are multiple, each soil loosening disc is obliquely arranged on the support frame I through a bearing so as to realize better soil loosening, the edge of each soil loosening disc is sharp and is uniformly provided with notches, a worm wheel is arranged on each soil loosening disc and is meshed with the Archimedes worm spiral line of the rotating shaft I respectively to form worm wheel transmission, so that a larger transmission ratio is realized, transmission is stable, and noise is low; the supporting frame I is of a three-section structure, each section of structure is connected through a hinge, two hydraulic cylinders I are symmetrically distributed, hydraulic rods of the hydraulic cylinders I are hinged with the two end section structures of the supporting frame I, a base of the hydraulic cylinders I is hinged with the vertical connecting rod I, and expansion and contraction of the hydraulic rods of the hydraulic cylinders I control expansion and closing of the supporting frame I; the two hydraulic cylinders II are symmetrically distributed, hydraulic rods of the hydraulic cylinders II are hinged with the middle position of the support frame I, a base of the hydraulic cylinder II is fixed on the chassis of the vehicle body, and the hydraulic cylinders II stretch and retract to control the integral lifting and falling of the support frame I; the upper connecting rod I and the lower connecting rod I are respectively provided with a pair and are respectively fixed on the supporting frame I, so that the strength of the supporting frame I is enhanced, the upper connecting rod I is provided with a threaded hole and is connected with the carriage through a bolt, the lower connecting rod I is also provided with a threaded hole and is connected with the vehicle body chassis through a bolt, and the supporting frame I is fixedly installed on the carriage and the vehicle body chassis under the combined action of the upper connecting rod I and the lower connecting rod I.
Furthermore, the roller shutter type hood comprises a hood containing box, a rotating device, a pull rod, a motor II, a rotating shaft II and hood cloth; the car tarpaulin curls in pivot II, pivot II with the hood arrange in the hood holds the incasement, motor II with pivot II is connected, motor II is the drive of just reversing pivot II is just reversing, realizes the expansion and the recovery of car tarpaulin, motor II fixes the hood holds the tip of case, the pull rod has two, and the symmetric distribution is in the both sides of carriage, the top of pull rod with the hood cloth is connected, rotary device is located the bottom of carriage is fixed on the chassis braced frame, rotary device's transmission system adopts straight-tooth cylindrical gear transmission, rotary device's gear shaft with the bottom of pull rod is connected, the drive rotary device's driving system is just reversing, realizes through straight-tooth cylindrical gear transmission the horizontal hunting of pull rod, the cooperation motor II's just reversing realizes the expansion and the recovery of car tarpaulin.
Furthermore, the vehicle body chassis adopts a wide-wheel-track chassis, so that high stability and an optimal vehicle state under all terrain conditions are realized, and a power device of the vehicle body chassis adopts parabolic suspension, so that optimal bottom surface balance is ensured; chassis braced frame adopts hollow structure, through U nature section bar seamless welding, low gravity center, low dead weight, and anti turn round load impact is indeformable, chassis braced frame's front end is fixed with the hydraulic support foot, is used for supporting the carriage level, chassis braced frame's rear end ann has chassis protection device and fender, chassis protection device is furnished with the illumination protection, chassis braced frame's frame is opened has convex dovetail structure, carriage I with carriage II respectively with chassis braced frame exchanges fixed connection through dovetail and self-lock device, realizes carriage I and carriage II's interchange.
The multifunctional material loading, transferring and scattering device has the beneficial effects that:
the multifunctional material loading, transferring and spreading device is compact in structure, low in center of gravity, low in self weight and complete in functions, and flexible, convenient and high in efficiency, and spreading, transferring, loosening and fertilizing of materials are carried out in a pushing mode;
the multifunctional material loading, transporting and scattering device provided by the invention has the advantages that when fertilizer is needed to be scattered, the carriage I hangs the hydraulic rear wall scattering device, when the material is needed to be transported, the carriage I hangs the hydraulic rear wall transporting device, and when the soil loosening and fertilizing are needed, the carriage II hangs the soil loosening and fertilizing suspension system, so that the interchangeability is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1: the invention relates to a multifunctional opening diagram of a hydraulic rear wall spreading device of a material loading, transferring and spreading device;
FIG. 2: the invention discloses a multifunctional material loading, transferring and spreading device which is in a side view;
FIG. 3: the invention discloses an opening diagram of a hydraulic rear wall transfer device of a multifunctional material loading, transferring and spreading device;
FIG. 4: the invention relates to a folding drawing of a hydraulic rear wall transferring device of a multifunctional material loading, transferring and spreading device;
FIG. 5: the invention relates to a multifunctional three-dimensional structure diagram of a material loading, transferring and scattering device;
FIG. 6: the invention relates to a multifunctional soil loosening and fertilizing suspension system structure diagram of a material loading, transferring and spreading device;
in the figure: 1-car, 2-rear wall suspension, 7-the ripping and fertilizing suspension, 3-roller blind hood, 4-chassis support frame, 5-towing device, 6-body chassis, 11-car I, 12-car II, 111-body frame, 112-underbody, 113-body side panel, 114-body front panel, 22-hydraulic rear wall transfer device, 211-hydraulic rear wall underbody, 212-hydraulic rear wall, 213-corner post, 214-rear wall cylinder, 215-spreading screw device, 221-transfer pipe, 222-transfer rear wall, 223-transfer hydraulic cylinder, 31-hood-receiving box, 32-rotating device, 33-pull rod, 41-hydraulic support foot, 42-chassis protection device, 43-fender, 71-spiral distributor I, 72-upper connecting rod I, 73-vertical connecting rod I, 74-lower connecting rod I, 75-fine conveying pipe I, 76-support frame I, 77-ripping disk device, 78-hydraulic cylinder I, 79-hydraulic cylinder II, 710-spray head I.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, a multi-function material loading, transferring and dispensing device, comprising: the device comprises a carriage 1, a rear wall suspension system 2, a soil loosening and fertilizing suspension system 7, a roller shutter type hood 3, a chassis supporting frame 4, a traction device 5 and a vehicle body chassis 6; the carriage 1 is arranged on the chassis supporting frame 4, the chassis supporting frame 4 is fixed on the vehicle body chassis 6, and the traction device 5 drives the vehicle body chassis 6; the compartment 1 comprises a compartment I11 and a compartment II12, the compartment I11 is of a square structure, the compartment II12 is of a cylindrical structure, and the compartment I11 and the compartment II12 are respectively connected with the chassis supporting frame 4 in an interchangeable manner; the soil loosening and fertilizing suspension system 7 is suspended at the tail of the carriage II12, and the soil loosening and fertilizing suspension system 7 comprises a spiral distributor I71, an upper connecting rod I72, a vertical connecting rod I73, a lower connecting rod I74, a thin conveying pipe I75, a support frame I76, a soil loosening disc device 77, a hydraulic cylinder I78, a hydraulic cylinder II79 and a spray head I710; the bottom end of the spiral distributor I71 is provided with a circular hole connected with the plurality of fine feed delivery pipes I75, liquid fertilizer is uniformly distributed into the plurality of fine feed delivery pipes I75 through the flow dividing effect of the spiral distributor I71, the fine feed delivery pipes I75 are connected with the spray head I710 through threads, the spray head I710 is fixedly arranged on the support frame I76, and the spray head I710 is an atomizing spray head and uniformly disperses the liquid fertilizer; the soil loosening disc device 77 is also arranged at the bottom of the support frame I76; the rear wall suspension system 2 is suspended at the tail part of the carriage I11, and the rear wall suspension system 2 comprises a hydraulic rear wall spreading device and a hydraulic rear wall transferring device 22; the hydraulic rear wall spreading device and the hydraulic rear wall transferring device 22 are respectively hung at the tail part of the carriage I11, when fertilizer spreading is needed, the hydraulic rear wall spreading device is hung at the tail part of the carriage I11, and when material transferring is needed, the hydraulic rear wall transferring device 22 is hung at the tail part of the carriage I11; the roller shutter type hood 3 is installed on the carriage I11, a chassis protection device 42 and a mudguard 43 are installed at the rear end of the chassis supporting frame 4, the chassis protection device 42 is provided with illumination protection, a frame of the chassis supporting frame 4 is provided with a convex dovetail groove structure, the carriage I11 and the carriage II12 are respectively fixedly connected with the chassis supporting frame 4 through dovetail grooves and a self-locking device in an interchange mode, and interchange of the carriage I11 and the carriage II12 is achieved.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, the multifunctional material loading, transferring and spreading device works as follows: when the carriage I11 needs to be used, the carriage I11 is installed on the chassis supporting frame 4, when goods are loaded, if the goods are easy to fall and collide, the anti-falling baffle is opened, and the goods are subjected to vibration reduction and anti-falling through the anti-falling baffle; the roller shutter type hood 3 is opened to drive a power system of the rotating device to rotate forward, the pull rod swings rightwards through the transmission of the straight toothed spur gear, and the hood cloth is unfolded in cooperation with the forward rotation of the motor, so that goods can be covered and transported conveniently; when goods are spread, the hydraulic pushing device works to push the inner front wall of the front wall plate 114 of the car body to move in the carriage I11, the hydraulic rear wall spreading device is hung at the tail part of the carriage I11, oil cylinder rods of the two rear wall oil cylinders 214 are controlled to extend out, the hydraulic rear wall 212 is firstly vertically lifted for a certain distance and then is opened outwards, and the maximum opening angle of the hydraulic rear wall 212 is 90 degrees; the spreading spiral device 215 is composed of two upright posts with four layers of worm wheel spirals, and the worm wheel spirals of the spreading spiral device 215 are controlled to rotate at the same time to spread the pushed fertilizer; after fertilizer is spread, the oil cylinder rods of the two rear wall oil cylinders 214 are controlled to retract, the hydraulic rear wall 212 slowly falls until the two rear wall oil cylinders 214 all fall into the top end groove of the side plate 113 of the carriage I11, the hydraulic rear wall 212 completely falls, an automatic locking system of the hydraulic rear wall spreading device is started, and the carriage I11 and the hydraulic rear wall 212 are combined into a whole; when the materials need to be transported, the hydraulic pushing device works to push the inner front wall of the front wall plate 114 of the vehicle body to move inside the carriage I11, and the hydraulic rear wall transporting device 22 is suspended at the tail part of the carriage I11; the folding and unfolding of the transfer pipeline 221 are realized through the expansion and contraction of a cylinder rod of the transfer hydraulic cylinder 223, the transfer rear wall 222 is connected with the carriage I11, the transfer power device is driven, and the material is transferred from the carriage I11 to other places; when the carriage II12 needs to be used, the carriage II12 is installed on the chassis supporting frame 4, the hydraulic cylinder I78 is controlled, the expansion and the closing of the supporting frame I76 are controlled by the extension of a hydraulic rod of the hydraulic cylinder I78, the supporting frame I76 is expanded to a proper position, the hydraulic cylinder II79 is controlled, the integral lifting and falling of the supporting frame I76 are controlled by the extension of the hydraulic cylinder II79, and the supporting frame I76 falls to a proper position; controlling the rotational speed of said ripping disk apparatus 77; controlling the vacuum pump to work, pumping fertilizer from the carriage II12 to the spiral distributor I71 through the work of the vacuum pump, driving the spiral distributing rods in the spiral distributor I71 to rotate through a coupler by the rotation of the motor II on the spiral distributor I71 so as to drive the fertilizer to be transmitted uniformly to the fine conveying pipeline I75, and uniformly applying fertilizer by spraying through the spray nozzle I710; after soil loosening and fertilization are completed, closing a control button for controlling the vacuum pump to work, and stopping fertilization; when a control button for controlling the loosening disc device 77 is closed, the loosening disc stops operating; the hydraulic cylinder II79 is controlled, the hydraulic cylinder II79 is extended and contracted to control the integral lifting and falling of the support frame I76, the support frame I76 is lifted to a proper position, the hydraulic rod of the hydraulic cylinder I78 is controlled to extend and contract the support frame I76, and the support frame I76 is contracted to a proper position.
The above description is intended to be illustrative of the preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the invention, but rather, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention.