CN106501626B - A kind of wide area kernel phase system based on synchronous phasor measurement - Google Patents
A kind of wide area kernel phase system based on synchronous phasor measurement Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01R29/18—Indicating phase sequence; Indicating synchronism
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
- G08C17/02—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/70—Smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the energy generation sector
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/22—Flexible AC transmission systems [FACTS] or power factor or reactive power compensating or correcting units
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of wide area kernel phase system based on synchronous phasor measurement, including service layer, network layer and physical layer, service layer, including Data firewall, communication switcher and award phase server, the Data firewall, which provides, supports the data safety of whole system, communication switcher provides channel with the data exchange for awarding phase server for network layer, awards the synchronized phasor information of phase server timing calling physical layer and stores data into and awards in phase server database；Network layer, the synchronized phasor information of physical layer is obtained based on GPRS, and is transmitted to service layer；Physical layer, including awarding phase source and to nuclear phase end, it is nuclear phase instrument, the phase source of awarding awards phase server to remote service layer and carries out registration identification equipped with GPRS module, nuclear phase instrument to nuclear phase end obtains the real-time synchronization phasor data for awarding phase server by terminal GPRS, and is compared by the synchronized phasor data that itself is acquired and carries out calculating identification to line Phases.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of wide area kernel phase system based on synchronous phasor measurement.
Background technique
Before the power equipment of 10kV or more puts into operation, nuclear phase works there are mainly two types of currently used methods, direct nuclear phase and
Indirect nuclear phase, also referred to as " nuclear phase " and " secondary nuclear phase ".Currently, carry out nuclear phase test using direct nuclear phase and
Connect the method for nuclear phase combination.Namely high-pressure section carries out a nuclear phase, while carrying out secondary voltage nuclear phase in bis- second part of PT,
It is all consistent to the phase of nuclear equipment power supply and system power supply, phase sequence to ensure, without any wiring error.For nuclear phase of high pressure
Instrument develops to wireless nuclear phase mode from wired nuclear phase mode, but does not have great variation in nuclear phase operating procedure.
Nuclear-phase method commonly uses multimeter and carries out nuclear phase for 0.4KV system；To 3-35KV Neutral point nonearthing system, one
As determine phase bar with special high-pressure and carry out nuclear phase；To 110KV and the above solidly earthed neutral system, then nuclear phase is carried out with PT.
Traditional " nuclear phase " is mainly completed using nuclear phase instrument and nuclear phase stick.In the low-voltage network of electric system
In, there are two types of the modes that are widely used at present, respectively wired nuclear phase mode and wireless nuclear phase mode.Wired nuclear phase mode is in core
Xiang Shi needs 4 people while cooperating.One people assumes command, and two people, which wear insulating boot, wear insulating glove serves as nuclear phase person, a people
Instrument record.Nuclear phase work is carried out according to the order of commanding, and high-voltage connection is fixed on nuclear phase stick by nuclear phase person, and length is suitable
Preferably, when drawing high-voltage line contact high-voltage electricity source point with nuclear phase stick, two people need coordination, good teamwork, in order to avoid making mistakes, endanger
Danger.Using wired mode, using extremely inconvenient when dragging line is very long.
And wireless nuclear phase mode needs 2 people while cooperating, one people of one man operation monitoring.By transmitter and receiver point
Not Lian Jie insulating bar, be suspended in high pressure phase line.Transmitter will be sent to receiver after the signal acquisition of power supply 1, receiver receives
To after the phase signal of the power supply 1, and itself is compared from the collected signal of power supply 2, obtains nuclear phase conclusion.
" secondary nuclear phase " method uses PT, to the phase of the side PT secondary device carry out nuclear phase or 0.4kV or less alternating current into
Row nuclear phase is normally applied multimeter progress.When using " secondary nuclear phase " method, if PT is primary or second loop return wiring mistake,
The correctness of nuclear phase work can be seriously affected.
Two kinds of nuclear-phase methods respectively have advantage and disadvantage, and " nuclear phase " precision of method is high, but due to its operating voltage height, it is right
Nuclear phase operator easily causes human safety issues, and slightly fault easily causes safety accident；" secondary nuclear phase " method operating voltage
It is low, thus operating process is safer, but since it uses indirect nuclear phase, if if PT is primary or secondary circuit wiring is wrong
Accidentally, the result that just not can guarantee nuclear phase is correct, therefore but than one time nuclear-phase method is low for the result degree of reliability of nuclear phase.Currently, electric
The method that " nuclear phase " and " secondary nuclear phase " combine is widely used in Force system, had not only increased manpower and material resources cost, but also need
Want higher safety guarantee system.
In conclusion traditional core phase study method, either a nuclear-phase method or secondary nuclear-phase method, all in the presence of
Column problem:
1) power supply must be the different topology point under the same voltage class of same power grid；
2) two power supply signals needed for nuclear phase must acquire simultaneously；
3) there are many personnel for participating in the test of a nuclear phase, and cost of labor is very big；
4) there are many step, spend the time long；
5) nuclear phase has certain risk, especially wired nuclear phase mode, it is necessary to consider the matching coordinative and the person of personnel
Safety problem；
6) two power supply points apart must not be too far away, factually border operating experience show the distance of general two nuclear phase stick no more than
10 meters.For wireless nuclear phase mode, from two transmitters (nuclear phase stick position) of distance of geoceiver are not to be exceeded
15 meters.
By These characteristics, therefrom seeing that traditional nuclear phase mode has much can be with improved place.Whether can consider to subtract
While few nuclear phase personnel, do not increase or even mitigate the workload of nuclear phase personnel, and can guarantee the smooth complete of nuclear phase test
At? this is not only a technical problem, and it is also obviously to predict in safety management and economically bring income.
Traditional nuclear-phase method at least wants two grades or more of personnel that could complete, and can only set for the power supply of same voltage class
It is standby, there are many restrictions in application range.
Summary of the invention
The present invention to solve the above-mentioned problems, proposes a kind of wide area kernel phase system based on synchronous phasor measurement, this hair
The bright high precision clock provided using GPS system becomes the reference quantity of phase measurement, to main node each in network system
On electric parameter synchronize measurement, the synchronizing information of each state of power grid is obtained, to realize the monitoring of the whole network, protection and control
System, and by the fast dynamic phenomenon for becoming system of tracking, realize that the real-time dynamic of system controls, and state can be further realized and estimated
Meter, stability monitoring and control.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of wide area kernel phase system based on synchronous phasor measurement, including service layer, network layer and physical layer, in which:
The service layer, including Data firewall, communication switcher and award phase server, the Data firewall provide pair
The data safety of whole system supports, and communication switcher provides channel with the data exchange for awarding phase server for network layer, awards phase
Server timing is called the synchronized phasor information of physical layer and is stored data into and awards in phase server database；
The network layer, the synchronized phasor information of physical layer is obtained based on GPRS, and is transmitted to service layer；
The physical layer, including award phase source and be nuclear phase instrument to nuclear phase end, the phase source of awarding is equipped with GPRS module
Phase server is awarded to remote service layer and carries out registration identification, and the nuclear phase instrument to nuclear phase end awards phase server by terminal GPRS acquisition
Real-time synchronization phasor data, and be compared calculating knowledge carried out to line Phases by the synchronized phasor data that itself is acquired
Not.
The network layer, awards phase source and is sent to award by collected synchronized phasor information by built-in GPRS module and mutually take
Device be engaged in as the standard source for awarding phase and obtains the synchronized phasor data for awarding phase server by GPRS to nuclear phase end, and by the spot
The synchronized phasor data of acquisition identify line Phases.
It is described to award phase server timing to online nuclear phase host query synchronized phasor information, and in memory to synchronized phasor
Information is cached, while synchronized phasor information being stored into server.
The nuclear phase instrument includes controller module, phasor measurement module, digital module, clock module and power module,
Controller module is configured as collecting each phasor measurement module and the collected data information of digital module, counts to data
It calculates, analyze and handles, while valid data being forwarded and being stored；Phasor measurement module has multiple, is configured as pair
Target high precision collecting when voltage and current carries out having accurate, the digital module are configured as acquisition remote signalling data, clock
Module is configured as each module and provides accurate clock information, there is the time service of compatible with GPS and Beidou timing function in clock module
Chip, the system that stands alone as provide the clock signal of IRIG-B in clock or receiving terminal or carry out clock by time calibration in network technology
When school.
The controller module issues registration order to each phasor measurement module and digital module with ID number order, if
The equipment of corresponding ID number, which exists, then returns to corresponding data, and controller is according to the attribute and shape of the data discrimination apparatus of return
State, after all devices complete register after in controller module generating device table, provide facility information for subsequent module poll.
Communication of the phasor measurement module with controller module issues passback by controller module by the way of poll
Instruction, after phasor measurement module receives corresponding instruction, compares with local ID number, incite somebody to action this if instruction code is identical as ID number
Machine data are returned, successively poll.
When the digital module needs to upload data because of state change, by upload request to signal wire, controller module
Go to corresponding equipment again after running through current device data.
The content transmitted when each poll of the phasor measurement module is Wave data and correspondence in a polling interval
Time scale information, calculated phasor information follows Wave data to be sent in the setting wrap count of each cycle；For number
Word amount module switchs state and displacement time after then uploading corresponding channel displacement in the presence of displacement in polling interval Nei Shiruo.
The phasor measurement module includes FPGA and converter, and FPGA is responsible for completing the control work of converter,
FPGA is received carry out scaling down processing after the clock signal of GPS after be used to trigger converter, fully ensure that the conversion of converter
The precision of time reduces the error of phase calculation, inputs converter, the converter pair using 16 differential signals
The analog signal in different channels synchronizes sampling.
The FPGA carries out the operation of Fourier transformation according to the data of converter, finds out the phase angle information in each channel,
Simultaneously by calculated result and wave file by sending the data to controller module.
The invention has the benefit that
(1) present invention carries out nuclear phase work, can significantly reduce nuclear phase working strength, and one end can be used solid during nuclear phase
Fixed awards phase source, does not need frequently to change, it is only necessary to install a nuclear phase equipment to nuclear phase end；Change each nuclear phase of tradition
Point needs to install the process of two phase checking devices, and the workload of nuclear phase process is only original half；
(2) during the present invention solves traditional nuclear phase, due to the limitation of nuclear phase instrument communication distance, cause nuclear phase point cannot
The problem of more than 10 meters, is more convenient for selecting safe nuclear phase point, ensure that the personal safety of personnel during nuclear phase.Nuclear phase simultaneously
Work be not also confined to same voltage class progress nuclear phase work, and equipment application occasion is wider；
(3) nuclear phase data of the invention are automatically saved in background server end, nuclear phase report can be produced, in order in the future
Check nuclear phase data.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 (a) is that the angle of phasor of the invention is 0 ° of schematic diagram；
Fig. 1 (b) is that the angle of phasor of the invention is -90 ° of schematic diagrames；
Fig. 2 is system architecture schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 3 is signal conditioning circuit schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 4 is power module schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 5 is initialization process schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 6 is data analysis service flow diagram；
Fig. 7 is data storage service flow diagram；
Fig. 8 is data forwarding service flow diagram；
Fig. 9 is that Webserver services schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment:
The invention will be further described with embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawing.
As the global position system GPS (Global Position System) in the U.S. occurs and starts to be applied to electric power
System, the high precision clock that GPS system provides becomes the reference quantity of phase measurement, in main node each in network system
Electric parameter synchronize measurement, obtain the synchronizing information of each state of power grid, to realize the monitoring of the whole network, protection and control,
And by the fast dynamic phenomenon for becoming system of tracking, realize that the real-time dynamic of system controls, and state estimation, surely can be further realized
It is fixed to be monitored and controlled.
The synchronized phasor that " Real-Time Dynamic Monitoring System of Power System Technical Specification " defines be using time reference signal as
The benchmark of sampling process, by the calculated phasor of sampled data.Thus, between the phasor of electric power system alternating current electrical quantity
There is determining phase relations.
Analog signalCorresponding to phasor form isAs shown in Fig. 1 (a), Fig. 1 (b), as x (t)
Maximum value when appearing in pulse per second (PPS) 1PPS, the angle of phasor is 0 °, when x (t) positive zero crossing is synchronous with pulse per second (PPS) 1PPS
The angle of phasor is -90 °, other angles value and so on.
As shown in Fig. 2, including service layer, network layer and physical layer.
Service layer includes Data firewall, communication switcher and awards phase server three parts composition, and Data firewall provides
The data safety of entire data Layer is supported, communication switcher is the switch for awarding phase server.Award phase server
Timing, which is called online nuclear phase host synchronization phasor information and stored data into, awards in phase server database.Portable nuclear phase instrument
The synchronized phasor information that can be awarded by GPRS real-time query in phase server carries out nuclear phase calculating to band nuclear phase route.
Collected synchronized phasor information is sent to award and mutually be taken by network layer, online nuclear phase host by built-in GPRS module
Business device, as the standard source for awarding phase.
Portable nuclear phase instrument obtains the synchronized phasor data for awarding phase server, and the synchronization for passing through in-site collecting by GPRS
Phasor data identifies line Phases.
Physical layer awards phase source, and online nuclear phase host is installed on the bus PT secondary side of known phase, device installation configuration
Afterwards.Phase server, which is awarded, to remote service layer by itself GPRS module carries out registration identification.Phase server timing is awarded in line core
Phase host query synchronized phasor information, and synchronized phasor information is cached in memory, while synchronized phasor information being deposited
Storage is into server.
To nuclear phase, portable nuclear phase instrument correctly connects acquisition port, GPS antenna, open a terminal (such as mobile phone, plate, notes
This computer etc.) hotspot function after nuclear phase instrument can voluntarily connect the hotspot.Operator is beaten by terminal Web browser
The operation interface for opening portable nuclear phase instrument selects corresponding nuclear phase route.Nuclear phase instrument obtains the reality for awarding phase server by terminal GPRS
When synchronized phasor data, and be compared calculating identification carried out to line Phases by the synchronized phasor data that itself is acquired.And
Result is shown in web interface, operator is supplied to as line Phases and identifies reference.
To enable nuclear phase instrument to be easy to use, it can be flexibly deployed in each measurement point, there should be accurate clock to believe
Number, the interaction that the information at measurement point both ends can be smooth, and information exchange cannot have distance to limit, while should have good
Human-computer interaction interface.
Time service mode
IRIG-B code time service: IRIG-B code time service mode is a kind of common time service mode, is that need to award by pulse symbol
When equipment accurate clock signal is provided, this kind of time service mode precision can achieve 1 microsecond, can satisfy synchronized phasor acquisition
Demand.Using the time service mode, the special clock unit for supporting IRIG-B code format is needed, therefore inconvenience makes on site
With.
IEEE1588 time service: IEEE1588 is the time calibration in network agreement based on Ethernet, can achieve the time service essence of 10us
Degree, can be used in the occasion not high to phasor measurement angle requirement and changes agreement, in addition, to support the agreement to need dedicated branch
The time service server and interchanger of IEEE1588 are held, only digital transformer substation has this kind of time service ability at present.
Satellite time transfer: it can achieve 20 nanoseconds time service precision by the time service mode of GPS/ big-dipper satellite, fully meet
The clock request of phasor measurement, such mode is easy for installation, is not limited by other external equipments, as long as satellite antenna can be just
Often receiving satellite-signal can be completed time service requirement.
In view of the advantage and disadvantage of three of the above time service, it is contemplated that field erected convenience, flexible, stable requirement, using defending
Star time service mode.
Communication mode
Cable network: having the advantages that transmitted data amount is big, communication is reliable and stable, transmission delay is small, the disadvantage is that needing
Cable is laid, difficulty of construction is big for part occasion, is not easy to installation transformation.
Wireless network: realizing data transmission according to existing GPRS network, its advantage is that signal cover it is wide, can
It is more using base station.The disadvantage is that network communication has disconnection phenomenon, transmission belt width, network delay headlight problem.
In view of accurate timing signal can be added for each sampled point in device, therefore, the delay of this province of network will not shadow
Ring the normal operation of equipment.It can will the built-in storage of ephemeral data deposit since equipment itself has a store function, when network interruption
In device, data are transmitted to server when network recovery is normal, the GPRS network break period is generally shorter, will not be right
Nuclear phase work belt carrys out obstacle, in view of the Pros and Cons of the scheme of both the above, chooses the communication of GPRS.
Man-machine interaction mode
Device needs to carry out necessary parameter configuration when in use, and the information of metrical information and actual measured value is made to coincide,
Final nuclear phase result is also required to show user by interactive interface, and there are mainly two types of for common interactive interface:
Liquid crystal display: liquid crystal can intuitive presentation device measurement data, data are intuitively showed into user, but big
Sized liquid crystal runs the often interference by electromagnetic field in harsh environment, causes screen to crash, spends the failures such as screen, influences to use
The maintenance workload that will increase equipment is used for a long time in addition, the service life of liquid crystal is shorter in the normal use at family.
WEB is shown: can show information content abundant to user using WEB interface.In addition, WEB interface is with good
Compatibility, user can be directly connected to read data by terminals such as computer, mobile phone, plates, not need dedicated display device,
The hardware cost of device can be greatly lowered.It is conducive to realize the work such as storage, the analysis of historical data in the way of WEB.
Visible by comparing: WEB mode will be better than liquid in terms of user experience, stabilization of equipment performance, equipment
The mode of crystalline substance display, therefore select the human-computer interaction interface of WEB.
Nuclear phase instrument is formed by controller module, phasor measurement module, clock module, power module etc. four are most of.Control
Device module, which is mainly responsible for, collects each collected data information of measurement module, is further calculated, analyzed and is handled to data
Equal work, while valid data being forwarded and being stored；Phasor measurement module is mainly responsible in voltage and current progress band
Target high precision collecting when having accurate, since its analog-digital converter can be triggered directly by external accurate clock,
AD conversion delay, data transmission delay, the introducing factor of data computation delay equal error amount are evaded from hardware configuration, sufficiently
Guarantee the accuracy of phasor calculation；Clock module, which is mainly responsible for, provides accurate clock information for each module, has in clock module
The time service chip of compatible with GPS and Beidou timing function, can stand alone as system provide clock, can in receiving terminal IRIG-B when
Clock signal or by time calibration in network technology carry out clock school when.
The communication data of slave intermodule includes data information and clock information.Data information refers to SPI timing Design
Communication protocol, clock information parameter three-wire system time service mode, needs 6 groups of communication data lines altogether.Compare the transmission speed of different bus
Degree, transmission range, transmission stability most always select MLVDS bus communication bus the most.
MLVDS is multiple spot low-voltage differential signal (Multipoint low Voltage Differential
Signaling english abbreviation), it is the newcomer in LVDS family.It, which is released, is primarily used to optimization multi-point interconnection application,
So-called multipoint application refers to that multiple drivers or receiving device share the interconnection applications of single physical link, this to answer
Multichannel loading is driven with requiring driving element there are enough driving capabilities, while requiring driving element that can hold with receiving device
Changed by being loaded on the physical bus due to caused by veneer hot plugging.
MLVDS standard can be supported up to arrive 10Mbps data rate and wide common-mode voltage range (+/- 2V), Yi Jiqiang
The ESD protection of strength is to support hot plugging function.MLVDS solves electricity by controlling slew rate and the output amplitude of output data
Magnetic disturbance (EMI) problem, in addition M-LVDS remains with LVDS Low Voltage Differential Signal characteristic, and it is dry can further to reduce electromagnetism
It disturbs.
MLVDS is particularly suitable for the peripheral device interface application of Industry Control, the infrastructure of telecommunication and computer.It is well-known
Get used to using RS-485 being related to multiple spot occasion people, and MLVDS technology ratio RS-485 can provide higher transmission rate
(being theoretically up to 500Mbps), lower power consumption, thus can significantly reduce system cost.
Referring to the MLVDS communication scheme scheme that Texas Instruments is provided, the said firm's production is selected
SN65MLVDS200A chip, the chip abide by MLVDS communication protocol, and communication speed can be with the traffic rate of 100Mbps, power consumption
It is small, supply district is wide, be suitble to the application of this occasion.
The collected data of phasor measurement module are sent to controller module hardware configuration and realize a pair using MLVDS bus
More communication modes, using the communication timing of high speed SPI, SPI communication clock speed is 20Mbps.Each acquisition module is per second
Data volume=256*8*2*50=200Kbyte=1.6Mbit.It is calculated with 8 modules of maximum carry, data=1.6*8 per second
=12.8Mbit, from the above, it can be seen that the communication speed of 20Mbps can satisfy transmission requirement.Data/address bus includes MLVDS bus
(totally 5 groups include 3 groups of high-speed communication bus, 2 groups of clock cable), 485 buses, general purpose I/O, synchronization signal signal, usb bus,
6 part such as power supply line composition.
Communication process: communication of each measurement module with controller issues passback instruction by the way of poll, by controller,
It after measurement module receives corresponding instruction, is compared with the machine ID number, by the machine number if instruction code is identical as the machine ID number
According to being returned, normal polling sequence is 1,2,3...N (N is up to 8)；If digital module needs to upload because of state change
When data, upload request signal wire (general purpose I/O can distribute to different modules) is dragged down, after running through current device data
Go again mutually should equipment, at this time maximum delay time be 2.5ms.
Module is registered: being powered on rear controller module with ID number order and is issued registration to each acquisition module and digital module
Order returns to corresponding data if the equipment of corresponding ID number exists, and controller is according to the category of the data discrimination apparatus of return
Property and state.After all devices complete register after in controller generating device table, provide facility information for subsequent module poll.
Module polls: controller module (being realized by internal FPGA) carries out polling data communication pattern to a acquisition module,
Polling cycle is 2.5 milliseconds, i.e., every 2.5 milliseconds of polls completed to all modules；When poll preferentially to digital module into
Row poll.Its process are as follows: controller module gives specified ID module to send polling order, which receives polling order
Afterwards, data are occupied and uploads bus, carried out data transmission.After completing module data transmission, next module data is being read, until
All module polls one time end.
The content transmitted when poll each for phasor measurement module is Wave data and correspondence in a polling interval
Time scale information, calculated phasor information follows Wave data to be sent in the 4th poll of each cycle；For number
Module switchs state and displacement time after then uploading corresponding channel displacement in the presence of displacement in polling interval Nei Shiruo.
Controller module uses ARM+FPGA framework, and (arm processor is tetra- core of Freescale I.MX6Q Cortex-A9
Processor, dominant frequency 1GHz, 2G memory), carry Linux3.5 operating system, major function are as follows:
1, the data information function of phasor measurement module and digital module is stored
2, it is responsible for for data being forwarded, completes communication and external communication function
3, secondary treatment is carried out to data, extracts data splitting function
4, acquire data is locally displayed function.
After the data of measurement module are obtained data by MLVDS bus by FPGA, data are temporarily stored in FPGA, pending data
It transmits after buffer area is half-full to arm processor.Communication mode between FPGA and ARM is by the way of PCIE.
Phasor measurement module mainly completes the phase angle collecting work to voltage and current, mainly has FPGA and high-precision AD to turn
Parallel operation composition.FPGA is responsible for completing the control work of A/D chip, and FPGA can carry out scaling down processing after receiving the clock signal of GPS
It is used to trigger AD afterwards.The precision for fully ensuring that the AD conversion time reduces the error of phase calculation, uses 16 differential signals
Converter is inputted, which can synchronize sampling to 8 tunnel analog signals and keep, avoid from chip structure more
The mutually time delay problem of acquisition.
The operation of high speed Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) can be continued by collecting FPGA after AD conversion data, be found out each
The phase angle information in channel, while calculated result and wave file are sent the data into controller by MLVDS bus.
For the transmission requirement for guaranteeing transient data, phasor measurement module design has SMV interface, can efficiently, quickly incite somebody to action
Wave data carries out unofficial biography, subtracts the delay time of small data transmission.
The major function of FPGA herein are as follows: control AD conversion calculates phase angle and amplitude, data are temporary, data are sent etc..
To guarantee sampling precision, avoids because of mutual inductor load capacity bring weak-signal measurement error, do not adopted in circuit
With the ways of measure pressure of common sampling resistor formula, current-voltage conversion circuit is used instead, the current signal that mutual inductor is exported is direct
Change into the voltage signal used for A/D chip.In view of the time-delay characteristics that electromagnetic transformer nature determines, in amplifier electricity
The phase compensation to signal is realized by RC compensation circuit in road, further increases the precision in phase angle measurement.Mutual inductor is defeated
Outlet is configured with TVS diode, prevents impact of the super-high-current of moment when flowing through to amplifier electric current, and fully ensure that circuit can
By property, physical circuit is as shown in Figure 3.
Clock module is mainly defeated by FPGA, time service module, constant-temperature crystal oscillator, IRIG-B optical fiber input interface, IRIG-B optical fiber
The part such as outgoing interface, PTP time calibration in network interface, bus interface forms.Module obtain clock mode have satellite time transfer mode,
IRIG-B time service mode, PTP time calibration in network mode.
Satellite time transfer: there are double set time dissemination systems of GPS and Beidou, when can obtain accurate by satellite inside device
Clock information, satellite time transfer can work under GPS mode, Beidou mode, GPS+ Beidou Three models, and user can be clever according to demand
Selection living.Occasion of such mode mainly for installation site without other time service modes.
IRIG-B time service: module has the ability of parsing IRIG-B time signal, and such mode is mainly for installation site
The occasion of existing IRIG-B optical fiber, can save the work drawn and set GPS/ Beidou antenna, simplify difficulty of construction.
PTP time calibration in network: module has PHY chip, can support the PTP time calibration in network of IEEE1588 format.
The power supply that whole equipment needs is+5V ,+12V, -12V are total to three-way power, and power module uses Guangzhou gold liter
The AC-DC module of positive company's production, respectively LH40-10D0524-06 provide 5V power supply for equipment, and LH15-10A12 is equipment
Offer+12V and -12V stable power supply power supply.To be contemplated that device electromagnetic compatibility problem, necessary protection circuit is increased, is adopted
Recruitment mould choke coil inhibits the work mould that is passed to by source side to interfere, and guarantees equipment defeated by increasing pressure-sensitive diode
Enter self-protection when over-voltage, surge bring energy impact is absorbed using Y type filter circuit, the aerial drainage provided over the ground returns
Road.This external circuit increases the insurance of NTC self- recoverage, after equipment is led to power supply self-protection by external shock, disappears wait impact
Equipment can voluntarily be restored afterwards, reduce the manual maintenance work of equipment.The design circuit of power module is as shown in Figure 4.
Power supply, remote signalling, telemetering input interface be designed with Anti-surging impact circuit, electrostatic and surge can be effectively prevented
Impact；All processing apparatus are designed with hardware watchdog inside unit, can timely be restarted in abnormality,
Guarantee the continuous work of equipment.
Controller module uses arm processor, carries (SuSE) Linux OS, and bottom data drives layer to transmit by peripheral hardware
To the operation service program of nuclear phase instrument, operation service program analyzes data, is stored, being turned according to specific service logic
The operation such as hair, completes the entire workflow of nuclear phase.
Start nuclear phase service routine automatically after completing the load of operating system after device power, at the beginning of executing the software and hardware of equipment
Beginningization parses each acquisition channel configuration file, setting messaging parameter, restores the work such as background data, specific works such as Fig. 5 institute
Show.
By basic datas such as bottom layer driving collection voltages, electric current and on-off states, electricity is calculated by data acquisition service
Pressure deviation, frequency departure, harmonic wave (50 times), m-Acetyl chlorophosphonazo, voltage and current degree of unbalancedness, voltage fluctuation and flicker, fundamental wave and each time
Harmonic wave active power, reactive power, power factor etc.；Harmonic voltage, the amplitude of electric current and its phase angle；Each harmonic voltage contains
There are rate and its voltage total harmonic distortion；Each harmonic active and reactive power, power factor etc..
As shown in fig. 6, real-time buffer area, data analysis service is written in the real time data of acquisition by data acquisition service
Electrical energy parameter is calculated by data in real-time buffer area, and passes through the number in recording rule detection real time data buffer area
According to, judge whether trigger recording, when reaching recording condition by message transmission trigger data storage service carry out data record.
As shown in fig. 7, real-time buffer area, data storage service is written in the real time data of acquisition by data acquisition service
The light-weight databases such as SQLite are write data by data storage service.
Event Service is divided into software run case, hardware problem event, external break events.
Software run case: action event and event of failure during record service operation；
Hardware problem event: record nuclear phase instrument module hardware event of failure；
External break events: the false trigger signals of record nuclear phase instrument module-external connection；
As shown in figure 8, data forwarding service obtains equipment real time data by real time data buffer area, pass through communication protocol
Interface is docked with external system.
Web server is introduced as shown in figure 9, embedded web server (embedded web server, EWS) refers to
Into on-the-spot test and control equipment, under the support of corresponding hardware platform and software systems, make traditional test and control
Equipment, which is changed into, have been had using TCP/IP as basic communication protocol, Web technology be core network test Internet-based and
Control equipment.It executes 3 kinds of basic functions:
1. the publication of static and dynamic web page information；
2. providing interface monitor field device；
3. providing Interface Controller field device.
Due to the opening and independent platform characteristic of Web technology, design, the maintenance of software systems and communication system are reduced
Workload improves on-the-spot test and controls the management level of equipment.It is remote that Embedded Web Server provides heterogeneous network
The method and approach of thread management and monitoring device.
In embedded Linux system, common Web Server has Boa, httpd, thttpd and mini-httpd etc..
Wherein Boa is the small-sized WebServer operated in class Unix system, is suitble to embedded environment.If two use in Boa
Family accesses simultaneously, then one of those has to wait for, it generates independent process and handles CGI (CGI(Common gateway interface)) program, because
This occupies less resource.
Above-mentioned, although the foregoing specific embodiments of the present invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings, not protects model to the present invention
The limitation enclosed, those skilled in the art should understand that, based on the technical solutions of the present invention, those skilled in the art are not
Need to make the creative labor the various modifications or changes that can be made still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of wide area kernel phase system based on synchronous phasor measurement, it is characterized in that: including service layer, network layer and physical layer,
Wherein:
The service layer, including Data firewall, communication switcher and phase server is awarded, the Data firewall is provided to entire
The data safety of system supports, and communication switcher provides channel with the data exchange for awarding phase server for network layer, awards and mutually service
Device timing is called the synchronized phasor information of physical layer and is stored data into and awards in phase server database；
The network layer, the synchronized phasor information of physical layer is obtained based on GPRS, and is transmitted to service layer；
The physical layer, including award phase source and be nuclear phase instrument to nuclear phase end, it is described to award phase source equipped with GPRS module to remote
End service layer awards phase server and carries out registration identification, and the nuclear phase instrument to nuclear phase end obtains the reality for awarding phase server by terminal GPRS
When synchronized phasor data, and be compared calculating identification carried out to line Phases by the synchronized phasor data that itself is acquired；
The nuclear phase instrument includes controller module, phasor measurement module, digital module, clock module and power module；
Communication of the phasor measurement module with controller module is issued passback by controller module and is referred to by the way of poll
It enables, after phasor measurement module receives corresponding instruction, is compared with local ID number, by the machine if instruction code is identical as ID number
Data are returned, successively poll；
When the content transmitted when each poll of the phasor measurement module is Wave data in a polling interval and is corresponding
Information is marked, calculated phasor information follows Wave data to be sent in the setting wrap count of each cycle；For digital quantity
Module switchs state and displacement time after then uploading corresponding channel displacement in the presence of displacement in polling interval Nei Shiruo.
2. a kind of wide area kernel phase system based on synchronous phasor measurement as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the network
Layer awards phase source and is sent collected synchronized phasor information to by built-in GPRS module and awards phase server, as awarding phase
Standard source obtains the synchronized phasor data for awarding phase server, and the synchronized phasor for passing through in-site collecting to nuclear phase end by GPRS
Data identify line Phases.
3. a kind of wide area kernel phase system based on synchronous phasor measurement as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described award mutually takes
Device timing be engaged in online nuclear phase host query synchronized phasor information, and synchronized phasor information is cached in memory, simultaneously
Synchronized phasor information is stored into server.
4. a kind of wide area kernel phase system based on synchronous phasor measurement as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: controller module
Be configured as collecting each phasor measurement module and the collected data information of digital module, data are calculated, analyze and
Processing, while valid data being forwarded and being stored；Phasor measurement module have it is multiple, be configured as to voltage and current carry out
With it is accurate when target high precision collecting, the digital module is configured as acquisition remote signalling data, and clock module is configured as
Each module provides accurate clock information, there is the time service chip of compatible with GPS and Beidou timing function in clock module, stands alone as and is
When system provides the clock signal of IRIG-B in clock or receiving terminal or carries out clock school by time calibration in network technology.
5. a kind of wide area kernel phase system based on synchronous phasor measurement as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: the controller
Module issues registration order to each phasor measurement module and digital module with ID number order, if the equipment of corresponding ID number
In the presence of corresponding data is then returned, controller is completed to report according to the attribute and state of the data discrimination apparatus of return to all devices
After arriving in controller module generating device table, provide facility information for subsequent module poll.
6. a kind of wide area kernel phase system based on synchronous phasor measurement as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: the phase measures
Amount module includes FPGA and converter, and FPGA is responsible for completing the control work of converter, and FPGA receives the clock signal of GPS
It is used to trigger converter after carrying out scaling down processing afterwards, fully ensures that the precision of the conversion time of converter, reduce phase angle
The error of calculating inputs converter using 16 differential signals, the converter to the analog signal in different channels into
Row synchronized sampling.
7. a kind of wide area kernel phase system based on synchronous phasor measurement as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that: the FPGA root
The operation that Fourier transformation is carried out according to the data of converter, finds out the phase angle information in each channel, while by calculated result and wave
Shape files are by sending the data to controller module.
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| CN109521272A (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2019-03-26 | 许继集团有限公司 | A kind of synchronous phasor measuring device |
| CN109217963B (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2020-03-24 | 合肥工业大学 | Time alignment method for real-time phasor data of wide area measurement system of power distribution network |
| CN109639671B (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2020-11-13 | 华北电力大学 | Method and system suitable for synchronous measurement data transmission |
| CN109873822B (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2020-06-23 | 武汉大学 | Device and method for detecting firewall rule change based on Beidou subnanosecond high-precision time service |
| CN111175586A (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2020-05-19 | 南京蓝慧电力科技有限公司 | Power distribution network phase checking system and method |
| CN113079183B (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2022-09-06 | 安徽科大擎天科技有限公司 | Inter-board communication system of distributed firewall and communication method thereof |
| CN114124277A (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-03-01 | 康威通信技术股份有限公司 | Time service system and method based on local bus between terminals |
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